丙型肝炎患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群的变化

丙型肝炎患者外周血Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群的变化李灼亮，郑茉莉，谢庆，涂荫国，黄振国空军广州医院传染病科广州５１０６０２一般认为［１～４］慢性乙型肝炎患者外周血Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群的变化，可反映患者全身免疫状态，ＣＤ８＋细胞显著升高，ＣＤ４＋／ＣＤ８＋比值下降，可能...     

带状疱疹患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群分析

带状疱疹患者外周血Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群分析李大宁，余红上海第二医科大学附属新华医院皮肤科上海２０００９２带状疤疹是一种由水痘一带状疱疹病毒（ＶＺＶ）感染引起的疾病，机体对ＶＺＶ的特异性免疫目前认为主要是细胞免疫。本文采用流式细胞仪（ＦＣＭ）技术测定带状疤疹...     

原发性高血压患者淋巴细胞亚群和活性标志变化的临床观察

采用流式细胞技术分析了１６例原发性高血压患者外周血淋巴细胞亚群和活性标志的变化。原发性高血压病人外周血淋巴细胞ＣＤ＾＋４ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ＾＋，ＣＤ＾＋１９及ＣＤ＾＋１９ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ＾＋百分率明显高于正常健康对组，外周血ＣＤ＾－３，ＣＤ＾＋１６细胞百分率亦明显增加，而ＣＤ＾＋３，ＣＤ＾＋４，ＣＤ＾＋３ＣＤ＾＋８及ＣＤ＾＋３，ＣＤ＾＋４／ＣＤ＾＋３ＣＤ＾＋８无明显变化。     

乙型流感患者外周血白细胞和淋巴细胞亚群变化分析

目的 探讨乙型流感患者外周血白细胞和淋巴细胞亚群的变化特点,为乙型流感的诊断、治疗和预后判断提供实验室依据.方法 采用全血细胞分析和流式细胞分析法分别检测47例乙型流感患者急性期和恢复期的外周血白细胞及淋巴细胞亚群,并与38名健康人比较.结果 乙型流感轻症患者外周血白细胞总数在急性期显著下降,恢复期迅速上升,而重症患者外周血白细胞总数、中性粒细胞百分比及绝对值在急性期显著上升,恢复期迅速下降;所有乙型流感患者淋巴细胞总数、CD3、CD4、CD8、CD19在急性期显著下降,恢复期迅速上升;轻症患者的NK细胞绝对值在急性期与恢复期都与健康对照组无显著差异,而重症患者NK细胞绝对值在急性期显著下降,恢复期迅速上升.结论 乙型流感患者在急性期出现白细胞总数及中性粒细胞的显著上升,而NK细胞绝对值的大幅降低可以提示病情重症化倾向.     

应用武—系列单克隆抗体研究癫痫患者淋巴细胞亚群的变化

本文借助单克隆抗体系列检测了30例癫痫患者外周血中T淋巴细胞亚群,B细胞和单核巨噬细胞。结果表明,患者T_3和T_4细胞百分率均低于正常人,T_8细胞百分率增高,T_4/T_8比值明显降低。B细胞和单核巨噬细胞数未见明显改变,提示本病存在细胞免疫功能异常。同时证明用两种单克隆抗体系列检测结果无显著性差异。     

狼疮性肾炎患者淋巴细胞亚群比率和免疫球蛋白水平的变化

目的 探讨狼疮性肾炎（ＬＮ）患者的淋巴细胞亚群和免疫球蛋白（Ｉｇ）的变化及其意义。方法采用淋巴细胞的膜抗原双标记染色法及ＥＬＩＳＡ，对６０例ＬＮ患者的细胞与体液免疫功能进行前瞻性研究。结果①与对照组相比较，活动期ＬＮ患者的ＣＤ３＋ＣＤ４＋细胞的比率（Ａ组：伴肾病综合征者）为（ｌ６．３ ±７．９）％，Ｂ组（不伴肾病综合征者）为（２０．８±１０．１）％］和ＣＤ１６＋＋ＣＤ５６＋细胞的比率［Ａ组为（８．６±５．７）％，Ｂ组为（１５．２±６．２）％明显减少；ＣＤ３+ ＣＤ8+”细胞的比率［Ａ组为（４８．３±１０．７）％，Ｂ组为（３５．９±９．８）％］明显增高；ＣＤ３+ ＣＤ４+ ／ＣＤ３+ ＣＤ８＋细胞的比值＜１（Ａ组为０．４３±０．２１，Ｂ组为０．８７±０．２５），且Ａ组与８组相比较差异明显（Ｐ＜０．０５）。②与活动期ＬＮ患者相比较，治疗后处于稳定期的 ＬＮ患者 ＣＤ３＋ＣＤ４＋细胞的比率卜组为（２８．８±８．ｌ）％，Ｂ组为（３２．８± ７．ｌ）％］和 ＣＤ１６＋＋ＣＤ５６＋细胞的比率［Ａ组为（１８．９ ± １２．５）％，Ｂ组为（２４．０±８． ９）％，以及 ＣＤ３＋ＣＤ４＋／ＣＤ３＋ＣＤ８＋细胞的比值（Ａ组为 ０．９７±２．３，Ｂ组     

重症肌无力病人胸腺和血液淋巴细胞亚群测定

本文采用武系抗淋巴细胞单克隆抗体，用免疫荧光法，检测了３２例重症肌无力病人血液及２５例ＭＧ病人胸腺组织中的淋巴细胞亚群。结果：①病人胸腺ＷｕＤＲ＋．ＷｕＢ＋细胞增多，尤以增生性和正常胸腺明显；胸腺ＷｕＴ６＋细胞减少。②病人血液中ＷｕＤＲ＋．ＷｕＢ＋细胞数升高；ＷｕＴ８＋细胞数降低；两者变化以具有萎缩性胸腺最为显著。     

桥本甲状腺肿原位淋巴细胞亚群的观察

桥本甲状腺肿又称慢性淋巴细胞甲状腺炎，它是一种自身免疫性疾病〔１，２〕。除甲状腺局部细胞免疫反应引起大量淋巴细胞浸润、滤泡形成外，同时伴有甲状腺滤泡上皮萎缩变性和增生亢进，晚期伴有纤维增生，有的病例可伴发甲亢或甲状腺癌，或恶性淋巴瘤〔１～３〕。探讨本...     

帕金森病患者NK细胞亚群及T淋巴细胞亚群变化的临床意义

目的:探讨帕金森病(PD)不同年龄、不同病期、伴随症状患者外周血NK细胞亚群及T淋巴细胞亚群的变化及其临床意义。方法:应用先进的流式细胞仪(FCM)直接免疫荧光染色法检测47例PD患者外周血NK细胞亚群及T淋巴细胞亚群,并与健康人组进行对照与相关分析。结果:PD组CD3+、CD4+、CD8+、CD4+/CD8+水平较对照组均明显降低(P<0.05),而CD16+56水平则较对照组明显增高(P<0.05)。高龄、病情重及伴痴呆和抑郁的PD患者CD3+、CD4+、CD8+、CD4+/CD8+水平降低更显著(P<0.05)。结论:PD发病过程中存在T细胞免疫功能低下及NK细胞免疫平衡失调,高龄、病情重及伴痴呆和抑郁的患者NK、T细胞免疫功能异常降低更明显,此为PD病理生理基础赋予新的内涵,亦为PD的免疫干预性治疗提供新的途径。     

乙型肝炎病毒基因型不同的患者肝功能相关指标及免疫功能变化分析

目的 探讨基因型不同的乙肝患者肝功能、病毒载量和免疫功能的差异及临床意义.方法 145例乙肝患者划分两个年龄段:小于35岁和大于35岁,全部应用实时荧光PCR法进行乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)基因分型检测;同时采用实时荧光PCR法检测血清HBV-DNA载量;用全自动生化分析仪和流式细胞仪检测各组肝功能相关指标及淋巴细胞亚群含量.结果 145例HBV患者仅为两种基因型,B基因型62例(42.76％),C基因型83例(57.24％).B型患者谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)和HBV-DNA均稍高于C型,分别是[(263.6±36.13) U/L比(243.1±37.69) U/L]、[(128.1±15.84) U/L比(123.6±19.1)U/L]和[(6.131±0.2133)比(5.875±0.1725)],进行统计学分析后差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05),但划分年龄段后,大于35岁的患者,B型ALT、AST和HBV-DNA均显著高于C型(P＜0.05),分别是[(227.6±34.52) U/L比(144.8±19.92) U/L]、[(124.5±19.4) U/L比(79.79±12)U/L]和[(6.166±0.2582)比(5.228±0.2644)].淋巴细胞亚群分析可见,所有年龄段或大于35岁患者均是B型的CD4+T细胞比例显著低于C型[(32.97±0.95)％比(35.81±0.85)％](P＜0.05),CD8+T细胞显著高于C型[(30.19 ±0.97)％比(27.44±0.92)％](P＜0.05),而CD3+T细胞、B细胞、NK细胞在B型和C型患者中则差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 145例HBV患者B、C型的分布未见显著差异;肝功能、病毒载量及T细胞亚群在年龄较大的B、C两组患者中存在显著差异.     

血清HBV标志物阴性肝炎肝组织中HBV DNA表达的研究

目的 :研究HBVDNA在血清HBV标志阴性肝炎肝组织中的表达。方法 :对 4 5例HBV血清标志阴性肝炎患者 ,进行肝组织HBVDNA的原位杂交检测。结果 :原位杂交表明 ,HBVDNA阳性 7例 (阳性率 15 5 6 % ) ,阳性信号主要存在于肝细胞的胞核中 ,少数位于胞浆内 ;结论 :血清HBV标志阴性肝炎肝组织中可检出HBVDNA ,有利于提高对HBV感染的诊断     

Circadian changes of T lymphocyte subsets in human peripheral blood

The circadian variations in circulating T cell subsets defined by monoclonal antibodies in eight healthy male volunteers were evaluated in whole blood using a flow cytometry. In all subjects, the number of lymphocytes showed a clear rhythmicity with high values at night and low values during the day. This circadian variation in circulating lymphocytes appeared to reflect largely a change in the number of T cells rather than B cells. The percentage of OKT3+ and OKT11+ cells showed a similar fluctuation with a peak at night and a depression during the day. It was found that the percentage of OKT4+ cells varied in parallel with that of T cells, particularly of OKT3+ cells, but the OKT8+ subset was not appreciably altered over a 24 h period. Thus, a circadian variation of T cells could be largely accounted for by a circadian change of OKT4+ cells. Plasma cortisol levels showed an expected circadian variation. It was also shown that there might be an intimate relationship between these circadian changes of T cell subsets and plasma cortisol levels.     

Evolution of wild-type and precore mutant HBV infection after liver transplantation

Recurrence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection after liver transplantation is associated with varying degree of graft damage. The aim of the study was to investigate longitudinally the changes of wild-type and precore A₁₈₉₆HBV mutant viral populations after reinfection and their impact on liver graft damage. The wild-type HBV and A₁₈₉₆HBV strains were quantitated before and serially after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) in 14 hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive liver graft recipients (4 hepatitis B e antigen [HBeAg]+; 10 anti-HBe+). Before OLT, the wild-type precore HBV was present in all 4 HBeAg-positive patients and in 2/10 anti-HBe-positive patients; a mixed virus population was present in 6 patients; and A₁₈₉₆HBV mutant alone in 2 patients. After OLT, A₁₈₉₆HBV mutant appeared and gradually accumulated in 5/6 patients who had the wild-type HBV before OLT and 1 of these patients seroconverted from HBeAg to anti-HBe 52 months after transplantation. A mixed HBV population was present continuously in 6 patients before and after OLT. Of the 2 patients with A₁₈₉₆HBV only pre-OLT, the wild type appeared in one patient and the other patient retained persistently the A₁₈₉₆HBV mutant. There was no relationship between liver graft histology and the type of viral population at reinfection or at the end of follow up. Changes in the HBV population occur during follow up of recurrent hepatitis B in liver transplant recipients with frequent accumulation of precore A₁₈₉₆HBV mutants, but the type of viral population does not determine the severity of hepatitis B in the graft. J. Med. Virol. 59:5–13, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

HBV DNA及HBV抗原在血清HBV标志物阴性肝炎肝组织中表达的研究

目的 研究HBV DNA及HBV抗原在血清HBV标志阴性的肝炎肝组织中的表达。方法 对45例HBV血清标志阴性阴性肝炎患者，进行肝组织HBV DNA的原位杂交及免疫组织化学染色检测。结果 原位杂交表明，HBV DNA阳性者7例，（阳性率15．56％），阳性信号主要存在于肝细胞的胞核中，少数位于胞浆内；免疫组化染色表明，HBsAg及HBcAg均呈阴性。结论 血清HBV标志阴性的肝炎肝组织中可检出HBV DNA，有利于提高对HBV感染的诊断。     

Prevalence of occult HBV infection in Western countries

Due to a lack of standardized tests, it is difficult to obtain prevalence data and define the real impact of occult HBV infection (OBI) in Western countries. The present review article addresses the prevalence of OBI, defined as presence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA in liver tissue or plasma in HBsAg-negative subjects, in Western countries. This varies in different studies according to the different methodologies used (based on serology vs virology), to the sample analyzed for the diagnosis (liver tissue vs plasma), to the different populations studied, to the different geographical variations in the HBV spread, to the host characteristics (age, gender, risk factors for acquiring HBV infection) and to the presence of other parenteral infections (hepatitis C virus and/or human immunodeficiency virus [HIV] infections). Considering the different liver diseases analyzed, that is in patients with cryptogenic cirrhosis or advanced liver fibrosis, the prevalence of OBI ranges 4% to 38%. Considering the different populations studied, in the case of parenteral blood exposure it is about 45%, in patients with chronic hepatitis C it is estimated at about 52%, in HIV-infected patients it ranges from 0% to 45%, in blood donors from 0% to 22.7% and in hemodialysis patients it ranges from 0% to 54%. In conclusion, OBI is a virological entity to be considered when performing the patient's evaluation for immunosuppressive diseases, liver pathologies, or for blood transfusions. Knowing the prevalence and clinical impact of OBI will allow better patient management.     

慢性乙型肝炎患者、HBV携带者及急性自限性HBV感染者外周血调节性T细胞的差异及意义

目的比较慢性乙型肝炎患者、HBV携带者、急性自限性HBV感染者与正常对照之间外周血调节性T细胞（Treg）比例的差异，分析HBV感染后不同临床转归与Treg的关系，为慢性乙型肝炎的治疗提供新的线索。方法选取2004年2月至10月在我院肝炎门诊就诊的慢性乙型肝炎患者28例、HBV携带者23例、急性自限性HBV感染者19例以及健康献血员14例，使用流式细胞仪检测其外周血Treg的比例，分析其差异及临床意义。结果慢性乙型肝炎组外周血Treg占CD4^＋T细胞的比例为7．2％±3．1％，较HBV携带者组、急性自限性HBV感染者组及正常对照组增高；而HBV携带者组、急性自限性HBV感染者组及正常对照组之间Treg比例差异无统计学意义。结论Treg在HBV感染后慢性化的过程中可能发挥了一定的作用。     

HBV subtype as a marker of the clinical course of chronic HBV infection in Japanese patients

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotype C is predominant in Japan. However, many HBV subtypes are involved in each genotype, and the clinical manifestations in the patients associated with each subtype remain unknown. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between HBV subtype and clinical aspects of chronic HBV infection. The subtype of 237 patients with chronic HBV infection, including 74 asymptomatic carriers, was determined. The subtypes of 110 HBV carriers undergoing long-term follow-up management were determined twice to detect subtypic changes. The clinical features of the patients were also studied with regard to presence or absence of subtypic change. The subtypic distribution in the 237 HBV carriers was as follows: subtype adr, 161 (68%); subtype adw, 25 (11%); subtype adwr, 12 (5%); subtype ar, 24 (10%); subtype adyr, 4 (2%); and unclassified, 8 (3%). The proportion of asymptomatic carriers in patients with subtype adw was significantly higher than those in patients with subtype adr (56% vs. 28%, P < 0.05). In addition, the proportion of HCC in patients with subtype adwr was significantly higher than those in patients with subtype adr (25% vs. 6%, P < 0.05). The prevalence of subtype adr in 74 asymptomatic carriers tended to decrease with age (82% in carriers aged < or =35 years vs 43% in those aged > or =61 years, P < 0.05). The subtypic change and the course of chronic HBV infection had no significant correlation. These results suggest that HBV subtypes are associated with the clinical course of chronic HBV infection.     

Effect of coix seed on the changes in peripheral lymphocyte subsets]

Coix seed has been used in patients with verruca vulgaris and verruca planae juveniles, which have been considered to be induced by viral infection. Moreover, coixenolide, component in the seeds of coix, was reported to show anti-tumor activity. Possibly coix seed may have some influence on the cytotoxic activity of peripheral lymphocytes but there has been no data on this. Then we investigated the changes in number of cytotoxic lymphoid cells in seven volunteers before, during (four weeks) and after taking six coix seed tablets. Lymphocyte subsets were analyzed with monoclonal antibodies using a flow cytometer. The level of CD3+CD56+ (MHC-non restricted cytotoxic T cells) markedly increased at four weeks (before 1.9 +/- 0.5% vs four weeks 4.2 +/- 0.7%, p less than 0.01). The level of CD16+CD57- (the mature, most active natural killer cells) increased at three weeks (before 4.5 +/- 0.8% vs three weeks 5.2 +/- 0.8%, p less than 0.05). The level of CD3-CD56+ (natural killer cells) and the level of CD16+CD57+ (the variable active natural killer cells) decreased at one week and returned to normal level thereafter (before 13.7 +/- 2.1% vs one week 11.2 +/- 1.5%, p less than 0.05; before 8.8 +/- 1.5% vs one week 6.9 +/- 1.3%, p less than 0.05, respectively). These results indicate that coix seed modulate the peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets and may be effective to virus disease through the enhancement of cytotoxic activity.