门控心肌显像与心血池显像测量左室射血分数的比较

目的评价ECToolbox软件测量门控心肌显像左室射血分数(LVEF)的临床价值.方法 31例患者接受静息态门控心肌显像,用ECToolbox软件测量LVEF,并与一周内门控心血池显像测量的结果比较.结果全部患者用ECToolbox软件测量值与心血池显像测量值的相关性为r=0.699(P<0.001);二者无统计学差别(P＞0.05).EDV<70 ml组患者ECToolbox软件测量值与心血池显像测量值无相关性;前者高于后者(P<0.05).EDV≥70 ml组ECToolbox软件测量值与心血池显像测量值呈强相关(r=0.834,P<0.001);二者无统计学差别(P＞0.05).ECToolbox软件测量值对左室收缩功能是否正常的判断与门控心血池显像无差别(P＞0.05).结论用门控心肌显像ECToolbox软件测量LVEF与门控心血池显像比较相关性好且结果准确,但EDV<70 ml时会高估测量值.     

门控心血池显像与二维超声心动图对冠心病左室射血分数测定的比较

目前临床上对心功能的判断标准主要还是依据患者的临床表现,尽管X线心室造影被认为是测定左室射血分数（LVEF）的“金标准”,由于它是创伤性检查,应用受到一定限制。门控心血池显像,二维超声心动图（2-DE）因无创、操作简便,易于重复等优点,近年来已被广泛用于评价各种心脏病患者的左室功能。本文将门控心血池显像与2-DE对76例冠心病患者左室射血分数（LVEF）测定结果进行对比分析,旨在对这二种无创检查测定冠心病左室收缩功能和临床心功能的相关性进行探讨。     

门控心肌灌注显像对冠状动脉支架术前后左室功能的评价

目的:比较99mTc-MIBI门控心肌灌注显像(G-MPI)测定冠脉支架术前后左心功能相关指标的变化,对手术疗效进行评价。方法:27例患者,术前及术后1~6个月行静息G-MPI测定左室舒张末期容量(EDV)、收缩末期容量(ESV)、左室射血分数(LVEF)并对室壁运动评分。根据术前LVEF分为2组:伴左室功能不全(LVEF≤45%)为Ⅰ组(12例),其余为Ⅱ组(15例)。结果:①Ⅰ组术后EDV、ESV比术前明显减少(P<0.01),LVEF增加(P<0.05);Ⅱ组上述指标手术前后无明显变化(P>0.05)。②术前室壁运动轻中度下降的节段术后82.3%有改善;严重下降29.3%有改善;无运动术后仅15.7%有改善。结论:静息G-MPI在冠脉支架术前及术后随访有重要的临床价值。     

门控心肌显像测定左心室射血分数——一种测量方法的应用评价

目的 评价门控心肌灌注显像测量ET值的方法。方法 采用门控心肌灌注显像测量EF值的方法进行模型研究及对12例病人检查测量EF值并与平均法心血池显像测量值进行对比。结果 对模型的测量发采用butterworth滤波函数陡度因子为5,截止频率为0．5时,软件测定值最接近真实值。软件测定值与模拟体积真实值相关性很好（r=0.98)。对病人的研究显示,采用该方法测量左室EF值与心血池测量值有较高的相关性（r=0.93),且重复性良好（CV（5％）。结论 采用门控心肌灌注显像可准确对左心室EF值进行测定,提高了心肌灌注断层显像的临床检查价值。     

门控心肌显像在测定左心室射血分数中的应用

目的:应用单光子发射计算机体层摄影(SPECT)技术同时测定不同采集条件下左心室射血分数(LVEF)值,并与超声LVEF值比较,研究其一致性和相关性。方法:选择172例受试者,利用SPECT共行门控显像技术,用99mTc-MIBI作为示踪剂,同时将心动周期设定8和16等份,在一次采集中得到两种条件的LVEF值,并与1周时间所得超声LVEF值作比较,研究门控心肌显像在LVEF测定中的影响因素,以及与常规超声法有无相关性。结果:统计分析显示,心动周期分成8和16等份所得的LVEF值大小是不同的,后者LVEF值较大,但两种方法所得结果存在相关关系。另一方面,SPECT所得的LVEF值均较超声心动图(UCG)所得值大,但与UCG所得结果具有很好一致性。结论:门控心肌显像在心肌活力判断时,利用共行显像技术可同时得到LVEF等心功能参数,其LVEF大小与超声结果有很大相关性,但其值存在显著差异,其正常参考范围尚需进一步研究。     

ECToolbox软件计算左心室射血分数的适用性

目的 评价ECToolbox软件中R0、R1、R2公式计算门控心肌灌注显像左心室射血分数(LVEF)的适用性.方法 64例患者[冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(CHD)44例;高血压病20例]接受静息态门控心肌灌注显像(~(99m)Tc-MIBI)和平衡法门控心血池显像(~(99m)Tc-RBC),用ECToolbox软件中的R0、R1、R2公式分别计算LVEF,称为R0 LVEF、R1 LVEF、R2 LVEF.将三种公式的计算结果与平衡法门控心血池显像计算结果对比分析.结果 R0、R1、R2公式LVEF值与门控心血池显像LVEF值均有相关性(r=0.905、0.905、0.903,P均<0.05);χ~2检验三种公式LVEF值落入门控心血池显像LVEF值±15%准确率分别为54.30%、71.40%、22.90%,±30%的准确率为81.40%、88.60%、74.30%;Wilcoxon配对检验结果示R1公式计算结果与门控心血池显像计算结果差异无统计学意义,R0、R2公式计算结果与门控心血池显像计算结果差异有统计学意义.结论 门控心肌灌注显像用ECToolbox软件计算CHD和高血压患者的LVEF时,R1公式最为适用.     

脉冲多普勒超声心动图评价冠心病左室舒张功能与核素心血池显像对比研究

本文应用脉冲式多普勒和核素心血池显像法对20例正常人和35例冠心病的左室舒张功能进行检测,尉其中的38例受检者进行了两项检查的对比研究,结果是:(一)多普勒超声心动图参数:1.E、E/A冠心病组显著低于对照组;2.冠心病组DC显著减慢,A_2—D和A_2—E′显著延长;3.TPE两组间无显著差。(二)核素心血池显像参数:1.PFR显著降低;2.RFF/AFF显著下降;3.EF明显降低;4.TPFR.ES—ERF两组间无显著差异。(三)两种方法相应参数对比分析:1.E,DC与PFR相关较好,前者r=0.75,P<0.0005,后者r=0.69,P<0.0005;2.E/A与RFF/AFF相关性良好,r=0.88,P<0.0005;3.TPE与ES—ERF相关性良好,r=0.64.P<0.0005;4.A_2—D,A_2E与TPRF呈低度相关(分别为r=0.36,r=0.35)。     

门控心血池断层显像测定冠心病患者左室容积和功能的研究

对１０例正常人和２６例冠心病患者进行了门控心血池断层显像，测定其左室舒张末期容积（ＩＶＥＤＶ）、左室收缩末期容积（ＬＶＥＳＶ）、每搏射血量（ＳＶ）及左室射血分数（ＬＶＥＦ）。结果显示：冠心病组的ＬＶＥＤＶ、ＬＶＥＳＶ＞正常对照组，ＬＶＥＦ＜正常对照组，ＳＶ在二组之间无显著性差异。重复性试验表明左室容积测定结果稳定。认为门控心血池断层显像是一种直接、准确的无创伤性测定左室功能的显像方法，对冠心病左室功能评价有临床应用价值。     

门控心肌显像与超声心动图、心血池显像测定LVEF的对比研究

目的：分析静息门控99TCm-MIBI心肌灌注断层显像与超声心动图、平衡法门控心血池显像左室射血分数（LVEF）测定方法之间的相关性和一致性,明确不同方法之间相互替代的可行性。方法：52例受试者行门控心肌灌注显像、超声心动图、平衡法门控心血池显像。结果：门控心肌显像LVEF值与超声心动图、心血池显像测量值呈正相关;不同病种用门控心肌显像测量的LVEF值均与其他两种方法无统计学差异;门控心肌显像正常组与疾病组LVEF值有统计学差异。结论：静息门控心肌显像具有与心血池显像、超声心动图测量LVEF相互替代的可行性。     

重建参数对门控心肌断层显像测量左室功能的影响

目的 :评价重建参数对门控心肌断层显像测量左室功能的影响。方法 :4 2例正常人 ,在行门控心肌断层显像 (G- SPECT)后 1周内行平衡法核素心室造影 (ERNA)。重建截止频率选择 0 .15、0 .2 0、0 .2 5、0 .30、0 .35 ,用 Multi-dim TM半自动分析左室功能。结果 :1截止频率 0 .15和 0 .35时 ,G- SPECT测量左室射血分数与 ERNA差异显著 (P均 <0 .0 0 1) ,相关性低。 2截止频率 0 .2 0和 0 .30时 ,二者有差异 (P均 <0 .0 5 ) ,相关性较高。 3截止频率 0 .2 5时 ,二者差异无显著性 (P>0 .0 5 ) ,相关性高。结论 :重建参数对门控心肌断层显像测量左室功能参数的影响是显著的。     

Assessment of left ventricular ejection fraction measured by quantitative gated SPECT

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) measured by quantitative gated SPECT (QGS). We compared the efficacy of LVEF assessment among Tc-99m tetrofosmin gated SPECT imaging, contrast left ventriculography (LVG), and first-pass radionuclide angiography (FP). Patients: One-hundred and seven patients with ischemic heart disease underwent QGS and LVG simultaneously within 3 months, and 92 of the 107 patients also underwent FP at the same time. Results: QGS progressively overestimated LVEF at the lower range of end-systolic volume (ESV), especially in patients with small hearts. Moreover, the QGS technique systemically tended to underestimate LVEF in comparison with LVG. However, linear regression analysis demonstrated a good correlation between the LVEF values measured by QGS and those measured by both LVG (p<0.0001) and FP (p<0.0001). Conclusion: Although QGS has a tendency to overestimate LVEF in patients with small hearts, and to systemically underestimate LVEF compared with LVG, this technique is still a reliable clinical tool for measurement of LVEF.     

Evaluation of left ventricular volumes and ejection fraction by automated gated myocardial SPECT versus cardiovascular magnetic resonance

BACKGROUND: Electrocardiogram-gated myocardial single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with (99m)Tc-tetrofosmin allows simultaneous evaluation of myocardial perfusion and function. In this study, left ventricular volumes, ejection fraction (LVEF), and left ventricular wall volume (LVWV) derived from gated SPECT were compared with measurements from cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR), performed within a few hours. METHODS: The study population included 55 patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease, including 13 patients with recent acute myocardial infarction. End-diastolic (EDV) and end-systolic (ESV) volumes, LVEF and LVWV were derived automatically from gated SPECT using commercially available software (QGS). In the CMR studies, manually delineated endocardial and epicardial borders on short-axis slices were used to calculate the volumes. RESULTS: Gated SPECT underestimated EDV by 35 +/- 14 ml (mean +/- SD) (P < 0.001), ESV by 10 +/- 13 ml (P < 0.001), and LVEF by 4 +/- 7 percentage points (P < 0.001). There were no systematic difference in EDV, ESV or LVEF between the methods. SPECT underestimated LVWV by 49 +/- 30 ml (P < 0.001), with a trend towards increasing underestimation by SPECT for larger wall volumes. CONCLUSION: These findings show that gated SPECT slightly underestimates EDV, ESV and LVEF compared with CMR. This underestimation is systematic, however, indicating that ventricular volumes derived from gated SPECT are robust enough to guide clinical management. Estimates of LVWV in patients with large wall volumes are less accurate.     

Gated blood pool SPECT for measurement of left ventricular volumes and left ventricular ejection fraction: comparison of 8 and 16 frame gated blood pool SPECT

Gated blood pool SPECT (GBPS) is an alternative to planar radionuclide ventriculography (PRNV) and offers potential advantages. The aim of this study was to compare 8 and 16 frame GBPS for the determination of left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF) and left ventricular volumes (LV) in subjects underwent two consecutive GBPS. Method: About 66 consecutive patients (30 men, 36 women; mean age 62.3 ± 10.4 years) referred for PRNV for evaluation of preoperative cardiac risk stratification (n=40), prechemotherapy cardiac function evaluation (n=18, breast cancer), and congestive heart failure patients (n=8). All patients underwent PRNV of 16 frame and GBPS with both of 8 and 16 frame. Results: The mean LVEF calculated with PRNV (58.3 ± 16.8), showed statistically lower than 8-GBPS (70.6 ± 17.7), and 16-GBPS (69.9 ± 16.8) (PRNV vs. 8-GBPS, p < 0.01; PRNV vs 16-GBPS, p < 0.01; 8-GBPS vs 16-GBPS, p > 0.05). The correlation of LVEFS between 8-GBPS and 16-GBPS showed a correlation coefficient of 0.9194 (p < 0.01, 95% CI=0.8712–0.9500). The mean left ventricular end-diastolic volumes (EDV) calculated with 8-GBPS (83.2 ± 33.5 ml), and 16-GBPS (88.4 ± 36.8 ml) showed no statistical differences (p > 0.05). The mean left ventricular end-systolic volumes (ESV) calculated with 8-GBPS (28.1 ± 31.4 ml), and 16-GBPS (30.5 ± 33 ml) showed also no statistical differences (p > 0.05). Comparison of EDV from 8 and 16-GBPS yielded a correlation coefficient of 0.7430 (p < 0.01, 95% CI=0.6108-0.8349). The correlation between ESV of 8-GBPS and 16-GBPS showed a correlation coefficient of 0.9522 (p < 0.01, 95% CI=0.9228–0.9705). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the LVEFs of 8-GBPS correlated well with that of 16-GBPS. The LVEF of PRNV was significantly lower than those of 8 and 16-GBPS. Also, left ventricular EDV and ESV of 8-GBPS correlated well with those of 16-GBPS. Also, further studies, involving large lumber patients, should be performed to validate the usefulness of GBPS for the evaluation of left ventricular diastolic function.     

A comparison of 8 and 16 frames gated SPECT imaging for determination of left ventricular volumes and ejection fraction: effects of gender and myocardial counts

The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging - In myocardial gated SPECT imaging each cardiac cycle is divided into 8 or 16 temporal frames and the cause of the difference between 8 and 16...     

Rapid freehand scanning three-dimensional echocardiography: accurate measurement of left ventricular volumes and ejection fraction compared with quantitative gated scintigraphy.

This study was performed to assess clinical feasibility of rapid freehand scanning 3-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) for measuring left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic and -systolic volumes and ejection fraction using quantitative gated myocardial perfusion single photon emission computed tomography as the reference standard. We performed transthoracic 2-dimensional echocardiography and magnetic freehand 3DE using a harmonic imaging system in 15 patients. Data sets (3DE) were collected by slowly tilting the probe (fan-like scanning) in the apical position. The 3DE data were recorded in 10 to 20 seconds, and the analysis was performed within 2 minutes after transferring the raw digital ultrasound data from the scanner. For LV end-diastolic and -systolic volume measurements, there was a high correlation and good agreement (LV end-diastolic volume, r = 0.94, P <.0001, standard error of the estimates = 21.6 mL, bias = 6.7 mL; LV end-systolic volume, r = 0.96, P <.0001, standard error of the estimates = 14.8 mL, bias = 3.9 mL) between gated single photon emission computed tomography and 3DE. There was an overall underestimation of volumes with greater limits of agreement by 2-dimensional echocardiography. For LV ejection fraction, regression and agreement analysis also demonstrated high precision and accuracy (y = 0.82x + 5.1, r = 0.93, P <.001, standard error of the estimates = 7.6%, bias = 4.0%) by 3DE compared with 2-dimensional echocardiography. Rapid 3DE using a magnetic-field system provides precise and accurate measurements of LV volumes and ejection fraction in human beings     

Comparison of left ventricular volumes and ejection fraction by monoplane cineventriculography, unenhanced echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging

Right-anterior-oblique (RAO) monoplane cineventriculography is usually applied in cardiac catheter labs to assess the left ventricular (LV) function. However, it is uncertain whether this technique is reliable in clinical routine. Unenhanced two-dimensional echocardiography was reported to underestimate left ventricular volumes. The aim of this study was to compare these two conventional techniques with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the present gold standard for the determination of LV function, to evaluate whether the results from the conventional techniques are reliable and in accordance with each other. Seventy-two patients were retrospectively recruited and analysis of the three techniques was performed. Compared with MRI, RAO cineventriculography underestimated LV end-systolic volumes (ESV), and overestimated LV ejection fraction (EF); two-dimensional echocardiography underestimated LV end-diastolic volume (EDV) and EF. Correlation coefficients on EDV, ESV, and EF were 0.8806, 0.9201, and 0.8864 between echocardiography and MRI (P < 0.01, for all), followed by 0.7718, 0.8835, and 0.7785, between cineventriculography and MRI (P < 0.01, for all), and 0.7006, 0.7680, and 0.7644 between cineventriculography and echocardiography (P < 0.01, for all). Echocardiography and MRI showed the highest inter-technique correlation coefficients, and the narrowest Bland-Altman limits of agreement for EDV, ESV and EF. EDV, ESV and EF determined by RAO monoplane cineventriculography, unenhanced two-dimensional echocardiography and MRI were in high accordance with each other, with wide variances between the techniques. Although not interchangeable, RAO monoplane cineventriculography, unenhanced two-dimensional echocardiography, and cardiac MRI are reliable tools in clinical routine for the assessment of LV volumes and function.     

比较组织多普勒、左心房容积对射血分数正常心力衰竭的诊断价值

目的 比较组织多普勒及左心房容积对左心室射血分数正常的心力衰竭的诊断价值,评价这两种超声诊断方法的临床意义.方法 按照中国心力衰竭协会舒张性心力衰竭简化标准,选择左心室射血分数正常（EF≥50％）且血清B型尿钠肽（BNP）≥200 pg/ml的心力衰竭患者30例（HFNEF组）,正常对照组病例（排除心肺疾病）32例,应用超声心动图测量二尖瓣舒张早期血流速度峰值（E峰）、舒张晚期血流速度峰值（A峰）;组织多普勒测量二尖瓣环运动舒张早期速度峰值（E＇峰）、舒张晚期速度峰值（A＇峰）,分别计算E/A比值、E＇/A＇及E/E＇比值;分别测量左心房长轴的直径、左心房的上下径、左右径,计算左心房容积（LAV）.结果 HFNEF组E/A比值1.12±0.58、E＇/A＇比值0.63±0.31,对照组E/A比值1.01 ±0.41、E＇/A＇比值0.63±0.22,两组比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;E/E’比值HFNEF组为16.05 ±5.19、对照组为10.78±2.07,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.001）,LAV在HFNEF组为（55.83±13.67） cm3、对照组为（38.11±10.68）cm3,两组之间比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.001）.E/E＇比值、LAV两者的诊断准确度均为中等偏高;E/E＇在截断点为12.93时,灵敏度为0.65,特异度为0.91,LAV在截断点39.12 cm3水平时,灵敏度为0.95,特异度为0.73.结论 E/E＇比值、LAV超声诊断结合临床症状、体征及生化学指标对于诊断射血分数正常的心力衰竭有较高的准确度和可信度.     

Left ventricular aneurysm in the scope of gated perfusion SPECT: accuracy of detection and ejection fraction calculation

PURPOSE: The objective of this trial was to investigate the capacity of gated perfusion SPECT (GPS) to detect left ventricular aneurysm (ANV) by comparing QGS and 4D-MSPECT (4DM) algorithms with radionuclide ventriculography (RVG). Secondarily, the comparison of GPS ejection fraction (EF) measurements with those of contrast left ventriculography (LVG) and RVG was aimed. METHODS: Twenty-five patients with ANV confirmed by LVG were studied. The patients underwent RVG and rest Tc-99m-tetrofosmin GPS 1 week after LVG. A 9-segment model was used both in RVG and GPS evaluation. Aneurysm was defined by scoring the wall motion (WM) and phase analysis in RVG; perfusion, wall thickening and WM in GPS. RESULTS: The detection rate of ANV was 96%, 84% and 52% for RVG, QGS and 4DM, respectively. The LVG mean EF (43.52% +/- 16.93%) was significantly higher (P < 0.01) than those of RVG (29.40% +/- 10.90), QGS (30.04% +/- 13.25%) and 4DM (34.92% +/- 13.01%). Moderate to high EF correlation values were obtained between LVG and GPS (r = 0.71-0.79) and GPS-RVG (r = 0.69). There was no significant EF difference between the radionuclide methods except between 4DM-EF and RVG-EF (5.52%, P < 0.05). Wide Bland-Altman limits were observed between the radionuclide methods in EF comparisons (range: 30.5-38.5%). CONCLUSION: GPS seems to have a role in the non-invasive investigation of ANV. QGS-GPS proved to be more reliable (84%) than 4DM-GPS (52%) in the ANV detection. The localization and the extent of the aneurysm itself as well as perfusion and function of adjacent segments may affect aneurysm diagnosis by means of GPS. RVG, QGS-GPS and 4DM-GPS seem not to be interchangeable for routine EF calculation in ANV patients.