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张霞 《实用临床医学(江西)》2021,21(6):86-88
目的 探究漯河市学龄期儿童注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)患病率及影响因素.方法 抽样调查2019年1月至2020年8月漯河市5个社区1038名学龄期儿童,采用ADHD症状调查表调查ADHD患病率,并分析其影响因素.结果 共发放问卷1038份,有效填写1018份.根据ADHD诊断标准,结合专业儿童精神科医师诊断意见,漯河市... 相似文献
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李爱琦 《中国实用护理杂志》2009,(8):21-22
目的探讨学龄期注意缺陷-多动障碍儿童家庭暴力表现形式及引发暴力的因素。方法用自行设计的问卷对62个学龄期注意缺陷-多动障碍儿童家庭进行调查,并对结果进行分析。结果62个家庭中,60个家庭发生过家庭暴力;以言语羞辱(60个家庭)形式最为多见;能正确认识家庭暴力危害而从未实施过家庭暴力的家庭2个因学业问题引发家庭暴力47个。结论学龄期注意缺陷-多动障碍儿童家长对家庭暴力的危害缺乏正确认识,对学习成绩不佳的儿童教育方式不恰当。 相似文献
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李爱琦 《中国实用护理杂志》2009,25(24):21-22
目的 探讨学龄期注意缺陷-多动障碍儿童家庭暴力表现形式及引发暴力的因素.方法 用自行设计的问卷对62个学龄期注意缺陷-多动障碍儿童家庭进行调查,并对结果进行分析.结果 62个家庭中,60个家庭发生过家庭暴力;以言语羞辱(60个家庭)形式最为多见;能正确认识家庭暴力危害而从未实施过家庭暴力的家庭2个;因学业问题引发家庭暴力47个.结论 学龄期注意缺陷-多动障碍儿童家长对家庭暴力的危害缺乏正确认识,对学习成绩不佳的儿童教育方式不恰当. 相似文献
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儿童注意缺陷多动障碍的家庭危险因素调查 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5
目的:了解儿童注意缺陷多动障碍(attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,ADHD)的患病率及患病的家庭危险因素,为其防治提供依据。方法:使用自编的家庭情况调查表和小学生行为问卷,调查泉州市实验小学的1—6年级小学生1726名(回收1675份);根据美国精神障碍诊断统计手册第三版(DSM-Ⅲ-R)有关ADHD的诊断标准、辅以注意力缺陷测试仪和神经精神检查等手段确定ADHD病例,分析其家庭危险因素。结果:检出ADHD患者75名,检出率为4.48%,其中男生患病率(6.03%)明显高于女生(2.54%)(x^2=11.80,P&;lt;0.01),男生患病率随着年龄的增加有升高的趋势(x^2趋势=4.70,P&;lt;O.05),女生的情况则相反(x^2趋势=7.43,P&;lt;0.01);父亲或母亲的文化越低,子女的ADHD患病率越高(x^2趋势=6.96,P&;lt;0.05;x^2趋势=21.27,P&;lt;0.01);父亲或母亲为“干部”的,其子女ADHD患病率明显低于父亲或母亲为“非干部”的子女(x^2=4.69,P&;lt;0.05;x^2=12.5,P&;lt;0.01);男生ADDH患病的危险因素为12-13岁(P=0.0005)和母亲的职业为“非干部”(P=0.0295),而女生ADDH患病的危险因素为7~8岁(P=0.0000)、母亲的文化中学以下(P=0.0241)和父母的职业为“非干部”(P=0.0024,P=0.0784)。结论:男生较女生有更高的患病率,男女学生有不同的ADDH高危因素,对(小学一年级)学习的不适应和较重的学习负担可增加ADDH的患病率。父母(特别是母亲)的文化程度和职业与儿童的ADHD患病率有关,在诊治该病时必须给予充分的重视和干预。 相似文献
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司丽华 《中国实用护理杂志》2004,20(2)
注意缺陷多动障碍(attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,ADHD)主要以注意障碍、多动和冲动为突出表现,在精神科是常见的儿童和青少年期行为问题.国内许多文献曾对本症做过报道[1].本文旨在对2000年3月~2003年2月我院心理诊疗中心青少儿咨询门诊就诊的符合CCMD-3注意缺陷多动障碍诊断标准的45例患儿,进行韦氏智力测验和注意划销测验,探讨ADHD儿童的注意障碍特点,为医护人员对其进行治疗干预提供可靠依据. 相似文献
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洪峻峰 《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》2005,9(4):64-66
目的:了解儿童注意缺陷多动障碍(attentiondeficithyperactivitydisor-der,ADHD)的患病率及患病的家庭危险因素,为其防治提供依据。方法:使用自编的家庭情况调查表和小学生行为问卷,调查泉州市实验小学的1~6年级小学生1726名(回收1675份);根据美国精神障碍诊断统计手册第三版(DSM-Ⅲ-R)有关ADHD的诊断标准、辅以注意力缺陷测试仪和神经精神检查等手段确定ADHD病例,分析其家庭危险因素。结果:检出ADHD患者75名,检出率为4.48%,其中男生患病率(6.03%)明显高于女生(2.54%)(χ2=11.80,P<0.01),男生患病率随着年龄的增加有升高的趋势(χ2趋势=4.70,P<0.05),女生的情况则相反(χ2趋势=7.43,P<0.01);父亲或母亲的文化越低,子女的ADHD患病率越高(χ2趋势=6.96,P<0.05;χ2趋势=21.27,P<0.01);父亲或母亲为“干部”的,其子女ADHD患病率明显低于父亲或母亲为“非干部”的子女(χ2=4.69,P<0.05;χ2=12.5,P<0.01);男生ADDH患病的危险因素为12~13岁(P=0.0005)和母亲的职业为“非干部”(P=0.0295),而女生ADDH患病的危险因素为7~8岁(P=0.0000)、母亲的文化中学以下(P=0.0241)和父母的职业为“非干部”(P=0.0024,P=0.0784)。结论:男生较女生有更高的患病率,男女学生有不同的ADDH高危因素,对(小学一年级)学习的不适应和 相似文献
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注意缺陷多动障碍儿童与父母教养方式的影响因素分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
沈延岩 《临床和实验医学杂志》2007,6(11):115-116
目的了解注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)儿童与父母教养方式的影响因素。方法应用Achenbach儿童行为量表,对2003年11月至2006年12月在我院门诊就诊的72例ADHD儿童进行评定,根据父母教养方式中对儿童的责打次数分为“不打”,“有时打”和“经常打”3组。结果被父母责打的ADHD儿童比不挨打的儿童存在更多的行为问题。结论ADHD儿童与父母教养方式有重要联系,对ADHD的追踪研究发现不良环境因素对ADHD的结局起重要作用。 相似文献
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苗素霞 《中华临床医学研究杂志》2006,12(16):2159-2160
注意缺陷多动障碍是儿童常见的行为问题,也是儿童保健门诊常见的就诊对象。儿童感觉统合失调被认为是与现代生活方式有关的儿童多发病,该症发病率高,在我国大城市学龄前儿童中20%~30%有不同程度的感觉统合失调,许多研究表明,感觉统合失调可造成儿童学习困难,行为障碍和情绪问题,严重影响儿童心理健康发展。本研究运用儿童感觉统合能力评定量表对102例注意缺陷多动障碍儿童进行调查分析,以了解儿童注意缺陷多动障碍的感觉统合能力,为对儿童注意缺陷多动障碍采取更有效的治疗教育对策提供科学依据。 相似文献
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[目的]分析学龄期儿童注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)患儿存在的行为问题并探讨护理对策。[方法]随访确诊ADHD的患儿186例,由患儿的父亲或母亲在电脑上完成Conners父母症状问卷调查并现场填写家长ADHD疾病认知问卷,专科医生分析患儿存在的行为问题,专科护士向家长提供个性化健康指导。[结果]157名患儿伴有一种或多种行为问题,行为问题检出率为84.41%。检出品行问题94例,以ADHD-HI、ADHD-C型为主;学习问题116例,以ADHD-I型与ADHD-C型为主;心身问题92例3种亚型均有;焦虑问题37例以ADHD-I型为主;冲动多动157例以ADHD-HI、ADHD-C型为主。家长ADHD疾病认知问卷显示:知晓患儿存在的行为问题、亲子关系和谐、采用正性一致鼓励教育方式、掌握提高注意力方法、应用认知、行为矫正方法的比例均低于50%。[结论]ADHD患儿常出现一种或多种行为问题,家长行为及教养方式对患儿的行为起着潜移默化的作用,医护人员应给予家长个性化的健康宣教,使患儿得到良好的家庭护理。 相似文献
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Depressive Symptoms and Associated Factors in Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Nancy LeBlanc PhD RN Diane Morin PhD RN 《Journal of child and adolescent psychiatric nursing》2004,17(2):49-55
PROBLEM: To compare depressive symptoms in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) to those in healthy children, and to explore the influence of individual and family factors on level of depression. METHODS: Individual interviews with 68 children, ages 7 to 12 years, in order to complete the Children's Depression Inventory. FINDINGS: Children with ADHD reported significantly more depressive symptoms than did children without ADHD; 14.7% of children with ADHD reached the threshold of a 19 point score, which suggests clinical depression. No significant effects of individual and family factors on level of depression were found. CONCLUSIONS: Children with ADHD are more inclined to experience depressive symptoms than are healthy children. To plan appropriate interventions, nurses evaluating and working with children with ADHD should always consider a possible coexistence of depressive symptoms. 相似文献
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注意力缺陷多动障碍儿童的智力和行为特点 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的:探讨注意力缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)儿童的智力水平、智力结构及行为特点。方法:对ADHD儿童组及正常儿童组用韦氏儿童智力量表(WISC-CR)及Achenbach儿童行为量表(CBCL)进行智力和行为测定,并对智力和行为测定的结果进行比较分析。结果:ADHD儿童的智力水平、总智商(FIQ)、言语智商(VIQ)及操作智商(PIQ)均明显低于正常儿童组,两组比较差异有统计学意义。在各项分测验中,除译码外,其他9项分测验差异均有统计学意义。两组儿童VIQ〈PIQ1个标准差(15分)所占人数比较,差异具有显著性。提示ADHD儿童存在智力结构发展的不平衡。两组儿童行为测试结果比较分析,显示ADHD儿童内向分、外向分及行为总分均明显高于正常儿童组,两组比较差异均有统计学意义。在各项分测验中,除体诉外,其他8项分测验差异均有统计学意义。结论:ADHD儿童同正常儿童相比智力水平较低,智力结构发展不平衡,还具有许多行为和情绪问题。 相似文献
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感觉统合训练治疗儿童注意缺陷多动障碍研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的观察感觉统合训练治疗儿童注意缺陷多动障碍的临床疗效.方法将60例注意缺陷障碍儿童随机分为试验组和对照组各30例.试验组在常规治疗基础上给予感觉统合训练治疗,应用感觉统合评定量表评定疗效.结果治疗后,患儿的大肌肉与平衡不良及本体感觉不佳因子分明显高于治疗前 ( P〈0.01) ;触觉防御不当及学习能力发展不足因子分高于治疗前( P〈0.05) ;治疗组的疗效优于对照组( P〈0.05).结论在药物治疗基础上进行感觉统合训练,可提高注意缺陷多动障碍患儿的康复疗效. 相似文献
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目的探讨注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)患儿家庭环境特征及其与自我意识之间的相关性。方法采用家庭环境量表中文版(FES-CV)、Piers-Harris儿童自我意识量表(PHCSS)对79例ADHD儿童、71名正常儿童分别进行评估。结果 PHCSS中,AD-HD儿童行为、智力与学习情况、躯体外貌与属性、合群、幸福与满足及总分低于正常儿童(P<0.05);ADHD儿童在FES-CV中亲密度、独立性、知识性、娱乐性、道德宗教观、组织性得分低于正常儿童(P<0.05),矛盾性得分明显高于正常儿童(P<0.01)。回归分析显示,ADHD儿童FES-CV中的道德宗教观是影响PHCSS总分的主要危险因素(P<0.05)。结论 ADHD患儿的家庭存在家庭功能缺陷,并与患儿自我意识水平较低有关。 相似文献
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Jane F. Gaultney Katherine Kipp JoAnn Weinstein Jennifer McNeill 《Journal of developmental and physical disabilities》1999,11(2):105-114
The efficiency of cognitive inhibition was contrasted in children diagnosed with ADHD and a control group of age- and IQ-matched average children. Two tasks were used to measure inhibitory ability: the negative-prime Stroop task and a directed-forgetting memory task. Based on contemporary theoretical perspectives that postulate deficits in inhibitory function in the ADHD population, it was predicted that ADHD children would be significantly less efficient inhibitors than the average children. Contrary to predictions, however, ADHD children showed no deficits in inhibitory abilities compared to controls. Average children were faster on the second administration of the Stroop task, whereas ADHD children were slower. These results were interpreted within the framework of the inhibition models. It was proposed that differences in inhibitory abilities, such as the ones tapped here, may appear earlier than age 8, and that the engaging aspects of tasks may have optimized the ADHD children's performance. The slower performance of the ADHD group on the second administration of the Stroop task is consistent with the hypothesis that although ADHD children can inhibit, they find it more effortful to do so than do average children. 相似文献
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Colin Reilly Niamh Holland 《Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities》2011,24(4):291-309
Background Despite a reported excess of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in individuals with intellectual disability, it has been argued that ADHD symptoms have been under diagnosed and inadequately treated in individuals with intellectual disability. Materials and methods Published studies focussing on the level of ADHD symptoms in children and adults with intellectual disability are reviewed. Issues around screening for ADHD symptoms in individuals with intellectual disability and the validity of the diagnosis of ADHD are considered. Interventions including pharmacological studies are discussed with respect to published research. Results Reported prevalence rates of ADHD symptoms in individuals with intellectual disability vary significantly depending on instruments and diagnostic practices employed. Published research on interventions for individuals with ADHD has primarily focussed on pharmacological interventions. Conclusion Much less is known about ADHD in individuals with intellectual disability than about ADHD in individuals without intellectual disability. There is an urgent need to clarify baseline rates of ADHD in individuals with intellectual disability and to develop efficacious interventions to support affected individuals and their families. 相似文献
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Judy Kendall PhD RN Associate Professor 《Journal of child and adolescent psychiatric nursing》1997,10(4):27-38
TOPIC. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) effects on children and families.
PURPOSE. To describe the gaps in current ADHD literature, exploring the role of qualitative research methods to study the health and well-being of children and families with ADHD.
CONCLUSIONS. In light of the difficult problems ADHD children experience and the low efficacy of many medical and psychological treatment, a need exists for understanding the contexts and everyday circumstances under which ADHD children and their families achieve well-being. 相似文献
PURPOSE. To describe the gaps in current ADHD literature, exploring the role of qualitative research methods to study the health and well-being of children and families with ADHD.
CONCLUSIONS. In light of the difficult problems ADHD children experience and the low efficacy of many medical and psychological treatment, a need exists for understanding the contexts and everyday circumstances under which ADHD children and their families achieve well-being. 相似文献
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目的探讨注意缺陷多动障碍(Attention-deficit/hyperactivtiy disorder,ADHD)及其共患学习困难(Learning disability,LD)儿童家庭环境特征。方法选用自制家庭一般情况量表、家庭环境量表中文版(Family Environment ScaleChinese Version,FES-CV)对单纯ADHD儿童101例、ADHD共患LD儿童56例及正常对照儿童92例进行评定。结果对照组、单纯ADHD组、ADHD共患LD组儿童年龄差异有统计学意义,对照组年龄较小(11.2±2.1vs.12.6±3.0vs.12.4±3.2,P=0.024);三组儿童男性比例差异有统计学意义(56.14%vs.82.59%vs.86.08%,P0.001);三组儿童父亲职业类型(P=0.016)差异有统计学意义。在FES量表的亲密度因子(8.12±1.43vs.7.05±1.85vs.6.79±2.14)、情感表达因子(6.08±1.45vs.5.31±1.83vs.5.52±1.76)、知识性因子(5.47±2.08vs.4.12±2.01vs.4.05±1.97)、娱乐性因子(5.56±2.18vs.4.16±2.20vs.4.18±2.18)、道德宗教因子(5.76±1.39vs.5.51±1.45vs.5.39±1.68)、组织性因子(7.02±1.40vs.5.73±2.15vs.5.48±2.24)得分单纯ADHD组和ADHD共患LD组均低于对照组(P均0.05),而在矛盾性因子上,与对照组比较,两组ADHD家庭矛盾性高;同时与单纯ADHD组比较,ADHD共患LD组儿童家庭家庭矛盾性明显增高(P0.05)。结论单纯ADHD组和ADHD共患LD组儿童存在功能缺陷,包括亲密度差、家庭矛盾大、情感表达不佳、知识性、娱乐性、组织性差等,共患LD组增加ADHD儿童家庭矛盾性。 相似文献