3 -大豆苷元磺酸钠对心肌缺血/再灌注损伤保护作用的研究（Ⅰ）

目的：研究3-大豆苷元磺酸钠对大鼠心肌缺血/再灌注损伤的保护作用。方法：取32只雄性Wistar大鼠,随机分为4组,每组8只,分别为假手术组、缺血再灌注组、3-大豆苷元磺酸钠低、高剂量组（1.0、2.0 mg·kg^-1）。于结扎冠状动脉左前降支前10 min经舌下静脉注入（1.0、2.0mg·kg^-1）3-大豆苷元磺酸钠溶液,模型组及假手术组经舌下静脉注入等体积生理盐水。结扎冠状动脉左前降支使心肌缺血,40 min后恢复血流并持续120 min,复制缺血再灌注损伤模型。测定血清中丙二醛（MDA）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、磷酸肌酸激酶（CK）的含量。结果：3-大豆苷元磺酸钠治疗组与缺血再灌注组比较,血清LDH、CK值降低,MDA值减小,SOD值升高,且呈一定的剂量依赖性。结论：3-大豆苷元磺酸钠对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤具有明显的保护作用。     

大豆苷元对心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的：观察大豆苷元对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用。方法：取32只雄性Wistar大鼠,随机分为4组,每组8只,分别为假手术组、缺血再灌注组、大豆苷元高、低剂量组。于结扎冠状动脉左前降支前10min经舌下静脉注入大豆苷元溶液,模型组及假手术组经舌下静脉注入等体积生理盐水。结扎冠状动脉左前降支使心肌缺血,40min后恢复血流并持续120min,复制缺血再灌注损伤模型。测定心肌组织丙二醛、超氧化物歧化酶、血清乳酸脱氢酶和磷酸肌酸激酶值。结果：大豆苷元治疗组与模型组比较,心肌梗死面积明显缩小,血清LDH、CK值降低,血清MDA值减小,SOD值升高,且呈一定剂量依赖性。结论：大豆苷元对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤具有一定的保护作用。     

瑞香素对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的：观察瑞香素对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用.方法：取32只雄性Wister大鼠,随机分为假手术组、缺血再灌注组、瑞香素高剂量组（60mg/kg）、瑞香素低剂量组（30mg/kg）.结扎冠状动脉左前降支使心肌缺血,40min后恢复血流并持续120min,复制缺血再灌注损伤模型.治疗组于结扎冠状动脉左前降支前10min经舌下静脉注入瑞香素溶液.模型组及假手术组经舌下静脉注入等体积生理盐水.测定血清乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、磷酸肌酸激酶（CK）及心肌组织丙二醛（MDA）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）值;观察并测定心肌梗死面积的大小,光镜下的心肌病理变化.评价瑞香素治疗组（高、低剂量）对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用.结果：治疗组与模型组比较,心肌梗死面积明显缩小,血清LDH、CK值降低,血清MDA值减小,SOD值升高,且呈一定剂量相关性.光镜下心肌细胞变性坏死程度有一定减轻.结论：瑞香素治疗组（高、低剂量）对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤具有保护作用.     

迷迭香酸对冠脉结扎大鼠心肌缺血损伤的保护作用

目的 通过对迷迭香酸(RA)作用于结扎大鼠左冠状动脉前降支所致心肌缺血模型的影响,探讨迷迭香酸对心肌缺血的保护作用.方法 取120只雄性Wister大鼠随机分为假手术组、缺血模型组、硝酸异山梨酯组、RA小剂量组、RA中剂量组、RA高剂量组.以结扎冠状动脉前降支造成大鼠急性心肌缺血模型,观察心电图变化,检测血清CK-MB、GOT、LDH、cTnT以及细胞内SOD、MDA含量,测定冠脉结扎后心肌梗死面积.结果 与假手术组比较,缺血模型组不同时间心电图ST段抬高明显,CK-MB、GOT、LDH、cTnT升高明显,MDA值升高,SOD值减小,心肌梗死明显.所有RA组与缺血模型组比较,不同时间心电图ST段抬高的最大值明显降低,CK-MB、GOT、LDH、cTnT值降低,MDA值减小,SOD值升高,心肌梗死面积明显缩小.结论 迷迭香酸对大鼠冠脉结扎后引起的心肌缺血损伤具有保护作用,其机制之一可能与提高氧化酶活性、增强清除自由基能力有关.     

血塞通对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的:观察血塞通对大鼠缺血心肌的保护作用。方法:采用结扎大鼠冠状动脉左前降支复制出大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤模型。40只Wister大鼠分为正常对照组、模型组、血塞通组及维拉帕米组,观察血塞通对大鼠血清磷酸肌酸激酶(CPK)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、血清及心肌组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和脂质过氧化物丙二醛(MDA)及对心肌梗死范围的影响。结果:血塞通可对抗结扎大鼠冠状动脉左前降支所致的大鼠急性心肌损伤,使心肌缺血大鼠的CPK及LDH降低,并可增加心肌组织SOD的活性,减少MDA生成且能显著缩小心肌梗死的范围。结论:血塞通对大鼠心肌缺血有保护作用,其机制可能与抗脂质过氧化反应有关。     

氧化苦参碱对大鼠急性心肌缺血保护作用的研究

目的观察氧化苦参碱对大鼠急性心肌缺血的保护作用。方法以结扎左冠状动脉前降支方法制备大鼠急性心肌缺血模型，持续观察Ⅱ导联心电图30min，于缺血6h后分别进行心肌梗死范围，血清肌酸激酶(CK)和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活力等测定来确定心肌梗死范围和损伤程度。结果氧化苦参碱能减轻结扎冠脉后ST段上移，对抗结扎冠脉诱发的心肌缺血早期室性心律失常，缩小大鼠缺血心肌梗死范围，降低心肌缺血大鼠血清CK和LDH的活力。结论氧化苦参碱对大鼠急性心肌缺血损伤具有保护作用。     

HBDH/LDH比值变化与针刺对大鼠心肌损伤保护作用关系的研究

目的:观察HBDH/LDH比值及LDH、HBDH活性变化与针刺心包经穴对心肌缺血-再灌注损伤保护作用间的关系。方法:50只大鼠随机分为假手术组、缺血-再灌注模型组、针刺内关治疗组、针刺郄门治疗组、针刺合谷对照组5组,每组10只。假手术组只穿线不结扎冠状动脉,其余各组制备缺血-再灌注动物模型,其中3个针刺穴位组分别于电针刺大鼠内关穴、郄门穴或合谷穴20 min后,结扎冠状动脉左前降支40 min,心电图监测,再次电针刺上述穴位20 min,松扎,恢复冠脉灌流。假手术组于穿线后100 min、模型组和各针刺穴位组于再灌注后60 min,抽取静脉血,分离血清,观察HBDH/LDH比值及LDH、HBDH活性变化。结果:与假手术组比较,HBDH、LDH活性及HBDH/LDH比值在缺血-再灌注模型组均显著升高;针刺心包经穴(内关、郄门)组HBDH、LDH活性及HBDH/LDH比值明显降低,与缺血-再灌注模型组比较差异均具有统计学意义。结论:针刺能有效降低大鼠心肌缺血-再灌注心肌细胞的损伤程度。     

力可欣对麻醉犬心肌缺血的保护作用

目的 通过麻醉犬冠脉结扎所致心肌梗死试验,观察力可欣对犬缺血心肌的保护作用.方法 开胸,结扎冠脉,测量心外膜电位;股动脉插管取血,测量血清、动静脉氧分压.结果 给药后可明显降低∑-ST、N-ST、CK、LDH,显著增加缺血心脏的心肌血流量.结论 力可欣对麻醉犬冠状动脉前降支结扎所致的心肌缺血具有明显改善作用.      

大明胶囊对大鼠急性心肌缺血的保护作用

目的研究大明胶囊对大鼠急性心肌缺血的保护作用.方法结扎冠状动脉左前降支(LAD)建立大鼠急性心肌缺血模型,观察30min内心电图(ECG)变化和术后6h血清中肌酸激酶(CK) 、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、抗超氧阴离子活性,以及心肌梗死面积来评价大明胶囊的作用.结果大明胶囊能显著缩小冠脉结扎所致急性心肌缺血大鼠的心肌梗死面积,降低血清中CK、LDH活性,提高血清中抗超氧阴离子浓度;ECG显示各给药组与病理模型组比较S-T段明显降低(P《0.05).结论预防性给予大明胶囊对大鼠急性心肌缺血损伤具有保护作用.     

外源性D-核糖对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的:探讨外源性D-核糖对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用及其机制.方法:24只SD大鼠随机分成假手术组、缺血再灌注(Ischemidreperfusion,I/R)组、D-核糖组.假手术组:只予以左冠状动脉前降支穿线不结扎;I/R组:左冠状动脉前降支结扎30 min,再灌注120 min;D-核糖组:左冠状动脉前降支...     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.