共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
Deniz Hos Konrad R. Koch Felix Bock Rafael S. Grajewski Thomas S. Dietlein Claus Cursiefen Ludwig M. Heindl 《Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie》2013,251(8):1919-1927
Background
Prostaglandin analogs are first line therapy in the treatment of glaucoma, but also display side effects during ocular inflammation. In this context, the potential side effects of prostaglandin analogs on the normally avascular cornea, the main application route for eye drops, are so far not fully defined. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the vascular effects of the prostaglandin analog tafluprost on the healthy and inflamed cornea.Methods
For in vitro studies, blood and lymphatic endothelial cells were treated with tafluprost; cell proliferation was assessed after 48 h. For long-term in vivo studies under healthy conditions, naïve corneas of BALB/c mice were treated with tafluprost eye drops for 4 weeks. For short-term in vivo studies under inflammatory conditions, corneal inflammation was induced by suture placement; mice then received tafluprost eye drops for 1 week. Afterwards, corneas were stained with CD31 as panendothelial and LYVE-1 as lymphendothelial (and macrophage) marker.Results
In vitro, tafluprost did not alter blood or lymphatic endothelial cell proliferation. In vivo, there was no change in limbal blood or lymphatic vessel anatomy after long-term treatment with tafluprost. Short-term treatment with tafluprost under inflammatory conditions did not influence the recruitment of LYVE-1 positive macrophages into the cornea. Moreover, treatment of inflamed corneas with tafluprost did not significantly influence corneal hem- and lymphangiogenesis.Conclusions
Tafluprost does not affect blood and lymphatic vessel growth, neither under resting nor under inflammatory conditions. These findings suggest a safe vascular profile of tafluprost eye drops at the inflammatory neovascularized cornea. 相似文献2.
Inhibition of hemangiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis after normal-risk corneal transplantation by neutralizing VEGF promotes graft survival 总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16
Cursiefen C Cao J Chen L Liu Y Maruyama K Jackson D Kruse FE Wiegand SJ Dana MR Streilein JW 《Investigative ophthalmology & visual science》2004,45(8):2666-2673
PURPOSE: To evaluate the occurrence and time course of hem- and lymphangiogenesis after normal-risk corneal transplantation in the mouse model and to test whether pharmacologic strategies inhibiting both processes improve long-term graft survival. METHODS: Normal-risk allogeneic (C57BL/6 to BALB/c) and syngeneic (BALB/c to BALB/c) corneal transplantations were performed and occurrence and time course of hem- and lymphangiogenesis after keratoplasty was observed, by using double immunofluorescence of corneal flatmounts (with CD31 as a panendothelial and LYVE-1 as a lymphatic vascular endothelium-specific marker). A molecular trap designed to eliminate VEGF-A (VEGF Trap(R1R2); 12.5 mg/kg) was tested for its ability to inhibit both processes after keratoplasty and to promote long-term graft survival (intraperitoneal injections on the day of surgery and 3, 7, and 14 days later). RESULTS: No blood or lymph vessels were detectable immediately after normal-risk transplantation in either donor or host cornea, but hem- and lymphangiogenesis were clearly visible at day 3 after transplantation. Both vessel types reached donor tissue at 1 week after allografting and similarly after syngeneic grafting. Early postoperative trapping of VEGF-A significantly reduced both hem- and lymphangiogenesis and significantly improved long-term graft survival (78% vs. 40%; P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: There is concurrent, VEGF-A-dependent hem- and lymphangiogenesis after normal-risk keratoplasty within the preoperatively avascular recipient bed. Inhibition of hem- and lymphangiogenesis (afferent and efferent arm of an immune response) after normal-risk corneal transplantation improves long-term graft survival, establishing early postoperative hem- and lymphangiogenesis as novel risk factors for graft rejection even in low-risk eyes. 相似文献
3.
Xiaolei Lin Binbin Xu Yifang Sun Jing Zhong Weilan Huang Jin Yuan 《Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie》2014,252(11):1779-1787
Purpose
To investigate tear film function, central and peripheral corneal sensitivity and corneal subbasal nerve morphology in the cornea after deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) compared with penetrating keratoplasty (PK).Methods
This prospective study compared the changes in 16 eyes of 16 patients who underwent DALK (DALK group) with those in 28 eyes of 28 patients who underwent PK (PK group). Thirty healthy volunteers were also included as controls. Tear functions were evaluated using tear break-up time (TBUT), tear meniscus height (TMH) and corneal fluorescein staining. Corneal sensation was measured with a Cochet-Bonnet esthesiometer. Corneal subbasal nerve morphology was evaluated using in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM). The patients were examined 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after keratoplasty.Results
Postoperatively, TMH recovered significantly faster in the DALK group than in the PK group (p?0.05), and the postoperative TBUT was much higher in the DALK group compared with the PK group (p?0.05). Central and peripheral corneal sensitivity remained lower in both the PK and DALK groups at 12 months after surgery compared with the control group (p?0.05). The peripheral corneal sensitivity of the host cornea was significantly higher than the central corneal sensitivity (p?0.05). No significant difference was found in corneal sensitivity between the PK and DALK groups. There was no significant correlation between corneal sensitivity and tear film function after PK or DALK.Conclusions
Tear film function was restored more rapidly after DALK compared with PK, but there was no significant difference in corneal sensitivity between PK and DALK. 相似文献4.
Parisa Emami-Naeini Thomas H. Dohlman Masahiro Omoto Takaaki Hattori Yihe Chen Hyun Soo Lee Sunil K. Chauhan Reza Dana 《Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie》2014,252(11):1755-1762
Purpose
To investigate the effect of VEGF-C and VEGF-D blockade via soluble VEGFR-3 (sVEGFR-3) on T cell allosensitization, corneal neovascularization, and transplant survival.Methods
Corneal intrastromal suture placement and allogeneic transplantation were performed on BALB/c mice to evaluate the effect of sVEGFR-3 on corneal neovascularization. Soluble VEGFR-3 trap was injected intraperitoneally to block VEGF-C/D (every other day starting the day of surgery). Immunohistochemical staining of corneal whole mounts was performed using anti-CD31 (PECAM-1) and anti-LYVE-1 antibodies to quantify the levels of hem- and lymphangiogenesis, respectively. Mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) was performed to assess indirect and direct host T cell allosensitization and the frequencies of IFN-γ-producing T cells in the draining lymph nodes were assessed using flow cytometry. Graft opacity and survival was evaluated by slit-lamp biomicroscopy.Results
Treatment with sVEGFR-3 resulted in a significant blockade of lymphangiogenesis 2 weeks post-transplantation and significantly prolonged corneal allograft survival compared to the control group at 8 weeks post-transplantation (87.5 % vs. 50 %), and this was associated with significant reduction in the frequencies of allosensitized T cells and decreased frequencies of IFN-γ–producing CD4 T cells.Conclusions
Soluble VEGFR-3 suppresses corneal lymphangiogenesis and allograft rejection and may offer a viable therapeutic modality for corneal neovascularization and corneal transplantation. 相似文献5.
Yasin Yücel Bucak Mesut Erdurmus Elçin Hakan Terzi Aysel Kükner Serdal Çelebi 《Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie》2013,251(11):2555-2561
Background
We aimed to study the inhibitory effects of topical cyclosporine A (CsA) 0.05 % on immune-mediated corneal neovascularization, and to compare its efficacy with those of dexamethasone 0.1 % and bevacizumab 0.5 %.Methods
Immune-mediated corneal neovascularization was created in 36 right eyes of 36 rabbits. The rabbits were then randomized into four groups. Group I received CsA 0.05 %, Group II received dexamethasone 0.1 %, Group III received bevacizumab 0.5 %, and Group IV received isotonic saline twice a day for 14 days. The corneal surface covered with neovascular vessels was measured on the photographs. The rabbits were then sacrificed and the corneas excised. Paraffin-embedded sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling assay.Results
The means of percent area of corneal neovascularization in Group I, II, III, and IV were 24.4 %, 5.9 %, 37.1 %, and 44.1 %, respectively. The inhibitory effect of CsA 0.05 % was found to be better than the effect found in the bevacizumab 0.5 % and control groups (p?=?0.03 and p?=?0.02, respectively). CsA 0.05 % was found to have significantly lesser inhibitory effects on corneal neovascularization than dexamethasone 0.1 % (p?<?0.001). Apoptotic cell density was higher in Group III and Group IV than in Group I and Group II. There was no difference between Group I and Group II in terms of apoptotic cell density (p?=?0.7).Conclusions
Topical CsA 0.05 % was shown to have an inhibitory effect on immune-mediated corneal neovascularization in rabbits. 相似文献6.
Hye Sook Lee Ji Hyun Lee Chae Eun Kim Jae Wook Yang 《Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie》2014,252(6):951-961
Purpose
We investigated the effect of a chondrocyte-derived extracellular matrix (CDECM) on experimental corneal alkaline burns in rabbits.Methods
Corneal neovascularization (NV) was induced by applying an 8-mm filter paper soaked in 1 N NaOH to the right central corneas of rabbits for 1 minute. Ten days later, the rabbits were randomly divided into three groups: the alkaline burn group, the CDECM transplantation group, and the human amniotic membrane (HAM) transplantation group. The left eyes were used as controls. CDECM and HAM were transplanted onto the corneal surface to completely cover the resected area and were subsequently sutured. On the 10th day after transplantation, the structural changes of the cornea were analyzed histologically. We examined the effects of CDECM on clinical NV features and on the expression of corneal NV markers.Results
The alkaline burn produced significant NV and increased the corneal thickness. On day 10 after transplantation, the thickness, NV and opacity of the cornea were markedly decreased in the CDECM group (p?<?0.001). However, the HAM transplantation group did not exhibit improvements in these clinical parameters, and there were no significant differences relative to the burn group. In addition, the use of CDECM improved the healing of the cornea following the alkaline burn by disrupting the corneal epithelial proliferation and reducing the fibrotic changes of the stroma. The hallmarks of NV were significantly induced in the subepithelium by the alkaline burn, and these levels were also suppressed by CDECM. The CDECM suppressed corneal NV by inhibiting nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation by blocking the PKC and Akt signaling pathways.Conclusions
CDECM transplantation was markedly effective in healing alkali-burned corneas by modulating the translocation of NF-κB to the nucleus, thereby representing a promising material for the noninvasive treatment of ocular surface disease. 相似文献7.
Arana LA Pinto AT Chader GJ Barbosa JD Morales S Moreira AT Maia M Humayun MS 《Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie》2012,250(10):1421-1428
Background
To establish an animal model of retinal neovascularization using vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF165) and analyze the model using optical coherence tomography (OCT), fluorescein angiography (FA), and histopathologic evaluation.Methods
Twelve rabbits were divided into groups as follows: group 1 (n?=?3), sham intravitreous injections of 0.1?ml of balanced saline; group 2 (n?=?6), one 10-μg intravitreal injection of VEGF165 on day 0; and group 3 (n?=?3), two 10-μg intravitreal injections of VEGF165, one on day 0 and one on day 7. Follow-up evaluations (days 0, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28) included obtaining fundus color photographs and FA, OCT, and histopathologic examinations. Eyes were enucleated and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&;E).Results
One injection of VEGF (group 2) was associated with dilatation and tortuosity of the retinal blood vessels that developed within 72?h. Retinal neovascularization was present by day 7 and regressed by day 14. However, even on day 28, the capillaries were still tortuous. Two VEGF injections (group 3) caused increased leakage and neovascularization up to day 14; severe capillary nonperfusion was seen during week 4. At the end of the follow-up period, OCT and histopathologic examination of group 3 showed peripapillary tractional retinal detachments. By day 7, the differences between the retinal thickness seen on OCT in groups 2 and 3 and the group 1 control group were significant (p?0.001). The histologic findings showed increased vessel size in groups 2 and 3 by days 14 and 28 compared with the controls.Conclusions
FA, OCT, and histopathologic findings showed that this retinal neovascularization model is efficient, sustainable, and reliable. One injection of VEGF165 created neovascularization that peaked after 1?week; two injections created more intense neovascularization that evolved to retinal detachments after 4?weeks. 相似文献8.
B. Regenfuss F. Bock B. Bachmann Y. König D. Hos A. Parthasarathy PD Dr. C. Cursiefen 《Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft》2009,106(5):399-406
Background
The efficacy and safety of novel topical inhibitors of corneal neovascularisation will be discussed.Methods
A literature review after a PUBMED search and own clinical and experimental results are presented.Results
The off-label use of Avastin® eye drops and GS101 eye drops against insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1, which have been tested in phase II trial, both seem to be relatively efficient and safe ways to inhibit progressive corneal neovascularisation. Other VEGF antagonists, such as ranibizumab and pegaptanib eye drops also inhibit corneal neovascularisation.Conclusions
Avastin® and GS101 eye drops are the first specific angiogenesis inhibitors for topical inhibition of corneal angiogenesis available for clinical use. 相似文献9.
Yong Woo Ji Jae Lim Lee Hyun Goo Kang Nayeong Gu Haewon Byun Areum Yeo Hyemi Noh Soyoung Kim Eun Young Choi Jong Suk Song Hyung Keun Lee 《The ocular surface》2018,16(3):306-313
Purpose
While the normal cornea has limited innervation by the lymphatic system, chronic immune-inflammatory disorders such as dry eye (DE) can induce lymphangiogenesis in the ocular surface. Using a conditional knock-down murine model, Lyve-1Cre;VEGFR2flox mice, this study investigated the role of lymphangiogenesis in the pathophysiology of DE.Methods
DE was induced in both wild type (WT) B6 and Lyve-1Cre;VEGFR2flox mice. Tissue immunostaining and volumetric gross measurements were used to assess changes in the ocular surface, skin, and lymph nodes (LNs). The expression of lymphangiogenic factors (TNF-α, IL-6/-8/-12/-17, VEGF-C/-D, IFN-γ, VEGFR-2/-3, Lyve-1, and podoplanin) and the frequency of immune cells (CD4, CD11b, and CD207) on the ocular surface and lacrimal glands were quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction and flow cytometry.Results
Compared to WT mice, there were fewer lymphatic vessels and a reduction in lymphangiogenic markers in the ocular surface and skin of Lyve-1Cre;VEGFR2flox mice. After DE induction, mRNA levels of TNF-α, IL-8, and IFN-γ were significantly reduced in Lyve-1Cre;VEGFR2flox mice compared to WT mice (p?<?.01). Surprisingly, the LNs from Lyve-1Cre;VEGFR2flox mice with DE were significantly smaller and populated by fewer dendritic cells and effector T cells than those from WT mice (p?<?.001). Furthermore, immunostaining showed corneal nerves in the DE-induced Lyve-1Cre;VEGFR2flox mice were notably intact like in the naïve condition.Conclusions
Inhibition of lymphangiogenesis in the cornea effectively attenuates not only the inflammatory response including trafficking of immune cells but also preserves corneal nerves under desiccating stress. Corneal lymphangiogenesis might be a contributing factor in deterioration on the ocular surface homeostasis. 相似文献10.
Elad Moisseiev Michael Waisbourd Elad Ben-Artsi Eliya Levinger Adiel Barak Tad Daniels Karl Csaky Anat Loewenstein Irina S. Barequet 《Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie》2014,252(2):331-337
Background
Topical bevacizumab is a potential treatment modality for corneal neovascularization, and several recent studies have demonstrated its efficacy. No previous study of the pharmacokinetics of topical bevacizumab has been performed in human eyes. The purpose of this study is to investigate the pharmacokinetics of topical administration of bevacizumab in human eyes, and also to compare the pharmacokinetics of intravitreal bevacizumab injections with previously reported data.Methods
Twenty-two (22 eyes) were included in this study, and divided into four groups: eight patients received topical bevacizumab and aqueous samples were obtained 1 hour later during cataract extraction surgery (group 1), eight patients received topical bevacizumab and vitreous samples were obtained 1 day later during pars-plana vitrectomy (PPV) (group 2), three patients received intravitreal bevacizumab and vitreous samples were obtained during PPV (group 3). Vitreous samples from three patients who received no bevacizumab served as controls (group 4). All samples underwent enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect bevacizumab.Results
No bevacizumab was detected in the aqueous or vitreous of any topically treated eyes. The mean vitreal half-life for intravitreally injected bevacizumab was 4.9 days in four non-vitrectomized eyes and 0.66 days in one previously vitrectomized eye.Conclusions
Topically administered bevacizumab does not penetrate the cornea into the anterior chamber and vitreous cavity, indicating that topical use for treating corneal neovascularization has minimal risk of intraocular penetration and adverse events related to intraocular vascular endothelial growth factor inhibition. The half-life following intravitreal bevacizumab injection measured in this study is comparable to that of previous reports, and includes the first demonstration of a significantly reduced half-life following intravitreal injection in a previously vitrectomized eye. 相似文献11.
Bessho K Maeda N Kuroda T Fujikado T Tano Y Oshika T 《Japanese journal of ophthalmology》2006,50(5):409-416
Purpose
To develop a keratoconus detection algorithm using the corneal topographic data of the anterior and posterior corneal surfaces.Methods
Topographic measurements of the cornea were made with a slit-scanning corneal topographer. We examined 120 subjects (165 eyes); keratoconus patients and keratoconus suspect patients comprised the keratoconus group, and post-photorefractive keratectomy patients, with-the-rule astigmatism patients, and controls without disease comprised the nonkeratoconus group. Two variables of the anterior corneal surface, two variables of the posterior corneal surface, and one corneal thickness variable were obtained by applying the Fourier harmonic decomposition formula. By performing a logistic regression analysis with a training set to differentiate the keratoconus group from the nonkeratoconus group, the Fourier-incorporated keratoconus detection Index (FKI) was created. The validity of the FKI was determined by using independent validation sets.Results
The FKI distinguished the keratoconus group from the nonkeratoconus group with 96.9% sensitivity and 95.4% specificity in the validation set.Conclusions
A newly developed automated keratoconus classifier can be used to screen keratoconic patients. The index is based on information obtained by Fourier analysis from not only the anterior corneal surface but also from the posterior corneal surface and corneal thickness.?Jpn J Ophthalmol 2006;50:409–416 © Japanese Ophthalmological Society 2006 相似文献12.
Georgios A. Kontadakis Harilaos Ginis Nikolaos Karyotakis Alexandros Pennos Iro Pentari George D. Kymionis Ioannis G. Pallikaris 《Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie》2013,251(2):543-547
Background
The purpose of this study is to evaluate in-vitro the immediate effect of corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) on corneal hydration and stiffness.Methods
Forty-two corneal buttons from freshly enucleated porcine eyes were immersed in riboflavin 0.1% in dextran 20% dilution for 3 h in order for their hydration to reach equilibrium. Corneal buttons where divided into two groups; the first group was stored in dark conditions while the other group was irradiated with UV radiation (370 nm) for 30 min to simulate CXL according to the clinically applied protocol. After irradiation, all corneas were immersed in dextran 20% solution for 3 additional hours. Subsequently, each button underwent weighing, thickness measurement, and was mounted in a special device for the measurement of force versus deformation by compression. Finally, all corneal buttons were dehydrated for 48 h in a desiccating oven set at 62 °C and weighed again to obtain their dry mass. Hydration (%) of each button was calculated.Results
Mean corneal hydration in the irradiated and the non-irradiated group of corneas was 69.8 and 72.2%, respectively (p?<?0.001). Differences in thickness and compressibility were not statistically significant. Thickness and hydration were positively correlated (Pearson’s r?=?0.714, p?<?0.001).Conclusions
CXL causes corneal dehydration that can be detected immediately after the procedure. This phenomenon may contribute to increased mechanical stiffness of the cornea. A change in stiffness by means of compressibility could not be detected in porcine corneas. 相似文献13.
Youngsub Eom Su-Yeon Kang Hyo Myung Kim Jong Suk Song 《Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie》2014,252(11):1769-1777
Background
To evaluate the effects of posterior corneal astigmatism and the absolute flat meridian difference between anterior and posterior corneal surfaces (AMDAnt-Post) on the estimation of total corneal astigmatism using anterior corneal measurements (simulated keratometry [K]).Methods
Ninety-nine eyes of 99 healthy participants were enrolled. Anterior, posterior, and total mean corneal power, cylinder power, flat meridian, and vector components J0, and J45 measured by a dual Scheimpflug camera were analyzed. The correlation between the posterior corneal cylinder power, AMDAnt-Post, and the difference in the cylinder power between simulated K and total cornea (cylinder power differenceSimK-Tot) were evaluated.Results
The cylinder power differenceSimK-Tot was positively correlated with the posterior corneal cylinder power (rho?=?0.704 and P?0.001) and negatively correlated with AMDAnt-Post (rho?=??0.717 and P?0.001). In the multivariate linear regression analysis, anterior corneal J0 was strongly associated with the posterior corneal cylinder power and the AMDAnt-Post. When corneal J0 had a positive value, the cylinder power of simulated K tended to be larger than the total corneal cylinder power. In comparison, the opposite trend was presented in eyes with negative anterior corneal J0. When anterior corneal J0 was larger than 1.0 or smaller than ?0.9, the errors from estimating the total corneal cylinder power using anterior corneal measurements tended to be larger than 0.25 D.Conclusion
Posterior corneal astigmatism should be considered for more accurate corneal astigmatism predictions, especially in eyes with anterior corneal astigmatism greater than 2.0 D of with-the-rule astigmatism or greater than 1.8 D of against-the-rule astigmatism. 相似文献14.
Prof. D. Uthoff MD FSES FABI K. Hebestedt G.I.W. Duncker E. Spörl 《Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft》2013,110(1):41-47
Background
Laser in situ keratomileusis is a safe and accepted method for correcting myopia. The operational results in terms of accuracy as well as the subjective acceptance of patients for corrections to – 8 D are now considered to be promising (Seiler, Refraktive Chirurgie der Hornhaut, 2000); however, postoperative results show individual patient problems in long-term stability. It is believed that the preoperative condition of the cornea (e.g. thickness, biomechanical properties) could have an influence on postoperative problems such as myopic regression.Method
This study included a total of 46 eyes from 25 patients. At 3 months postoperatively, 15 patients (19 eyes) showed a SEQ of ??0.50 D or more. Within this group, 11 patients (15 eyes) developed a regression (regression group) within the first 3 postoperative months. The remainder of the total group did not show any regression (stability group). The subjects of this study were on average 33?±?8 years (stability group) and 31?±?7 years old (regression group). The corneal thickness was tested and refractive error, visual acuity (BCVA/UCVA) and intraocular pressure was measured. In addition, the corneal hysteresis (CH) and corneal resistance factor (CRF) were determined.Results
The mean preoperative spherical equivalent refraction was ??3.14 D?±?1.41 D (SE) in the stability group and ? 6.47 D?±?1.40 D (p?=?0.001)in the regression group. Also, the postoperative spherical equivalents were statistically significant different (p?<?0.05). In contrast, the mean preoperative corneal thickness showed no differences in both groups (p?=?0.96) (stability group 563?±?36 µm and regression group 563?±?28 µm).Conclusions
The aim of the study to detect a possible causal relationship between myopia regression after LASIK and the biomechanical properties of the cornea and corneal thickness could not be clearly identified. 相似文献15.
Naoyuki Maeda Tomoya Nakagawa Ritsuko Higashiura Mutsumi Fuchihata Shizuka Koh Kohji Nishida 《Japanese journal of ophthalmology》2014,58(5):389-395
Purpose
We sought to assess the corneal thickness of the epithelium and stroma in keratoconic and normal eyes by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).Methods
Fifty-seven keratoconic and 20 normal eyes were studied. The eyes were examined by SD-OCT, and the keratoconic eyes were subdivided into 2 groups: those showing only smooth corneal thinning and corneal protrusion on the image (KC1 group) and those showing abnormalities in the Bowman layer or in the stroma, or in both (KC2 group). The thicknesses at the corneal vertex and at the superior, inferior, nasal, and temporal cornea 1.5 mm from the corneal vertex in the KC1 group were compared with those in the normal group. The OCT findings in the KC2 group were described.Results
The epithelial thickness at the corneal vertex and at the inferior and temporal cornea, and the stromal thickness at all points were significantly thinner in the KC1 group than in the normal group (p < 0.05). The epithelial and stromal thicknesses at the corneal vertex were significantly correlated in the KC1 group and the normal group (r 2 = 0.427, p < 0.0001).The epithelial thickness in the KC2 group was not uniform owing to Bowman layer scarring, stromal scars, and secondary corneal amyloidosis.Conclusions
Although epithelial thinning is associated with stromal thinning, when the cornea remains clear, the epithelial thickness may vary because of the irregularity of the stroma beneath the epithelium in patients with keratoconus. 相似文献16.
Sinan Emre Esin Başer Bilge Öztürk Sibel Zorlu Özgür Uzun Ceren Gülhan 《Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie》2013,251(2):555-558
Background
Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is a chronic, bilateral, seasonally exacerbated, allergic inflammation of the ocular surface, involving bulbar and ? or tarsal conjunctiva and cornea. The ocular response analyzer (ORA) measures corneal biomechanical properties in vivo by monitoring and analyzing the corneal behavior when its structure is submitted to a force induced by an air jet. This study was designed to examine corneal biomechanical properties and intraocular pressure in patients with VKC, and to compare with control eyes.Methods
ORA measurements were performed on the both eyes of 26 patients with VKC (group I) and 14 healthy children who served as the control group (group II). Corneal hysteresis (CH), corneal resistance factor (CRF) and intraocular pressure [Goldmann correlated (IOPg) and corneal compensated (IOPcc)] were recorded with ORA.Results
Mean age of patients with VKC and control groups were 11.3?±?5.8 and 10.6?±?1.9 years for groups I and II respectively. Mean (± SD) of the CH and CRF readings were 10.1?±?1.6 versus 10.5 ±1.6 (p?>?0.05) and 9.5?±?1.7 versus 10.8?±?1.7 mmHg (p?<?0.05), in groups I and II respectively. Mean (± SD) of the IOPg and IOPcc recordings were 13.3 ±3.4 versus 16.6 ±3.6 mmHg (p?<?0.05) and 14.3?±?3.4 versus 16.9?±?3.7 mmHg (p?>?0.05) in groups I and II respectively. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences for CRF and IOPg between the study groups.Conclusion
The mean CRF and IOPg values of patients with VKC were lower than those of controls. According to the results of our study, one can conclude that corneal biomechanical property, CRF, could be different in VKC patients compared to normals. 相似文献17.
Marco Adán Juárez–Verdayes Sandra Rodríguez–Martínez Mario E. Cancino–Diaz Juan C. Cancino–Diaz 《Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie》2013,251(1):53-62
Background
Keratitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus often leads to Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF)-dependent neovascularization, but contribution of peptidoglycan (PGN), muramyl dipeptide (MDP) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA) from S. aureus to VEGF-dependent neovascularization has not been well-studied. This work was focused on the analysis of S. aureus cell wall components in the production of VEGF family members (VEGF-A, VEGF-B, VEGF-C and VEGF-D) in ocular limbal fibroblasts.Methods
Primary culture of human limbal fibroblasts (PCHLFs) were stimulated with PGN, MDP, and LTA, and VEGF family; toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 1 (NOD1), and NOD2 expression were determined by RT-PCR. Anti-TLR2 antibody, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling inhibitors (AG1478 and PD98059), and NFκB activation were used to analyze VEGF-A by ELISA. TLR2 and NOD1 expression were analyzed by flow cytometry.Results
The stimulation of PCHLFs with PGN and MDP increased the levels of VEGF-A expression (mRNA and protein) in a time-dependent and dose-dependent manner. VEGF-B, VEGF-C and VEGF-D were expressed constitutively, and no further induction was observed in stimulated PCHLFs. LTA did not increase the expression levels of the VEGF family. TLR2 mRNA and protein were increased only when PCHLFs were stimulated with PGN. Treatment with an anti-TLR2 antibody blocked the interaction of PGN with the receptor, inhibiting VEGF-A over-expression; the presence of anti-TLR2 antibodies did not affect the over-production of VEGF-A after MDP treatment. PCHLFs stimulated with PGN and MDP, but not with LTA, activated NFκB. MDP stimulated the production of NOD1 and NOD2 mRNAs in a time-dependent and dose-dependent manner, and NOD2 protein was only increased by MDP. Treatment of PCHLFs with AG1478 and PD98059 inhibitors prior to stimulation with MDP resulted in the inhibition of VEGF-A over-production, compared with PCHLFs stimulated with MDP alone.Conclusions
Taken together, these results suggest that limbal fibroblasts produce VEGF-A through PGN-TLR2-NFκB and MDP-NOD2-EGFR. 相似文献18.
Schrage N Reinhard T Seitz B Hermel M Böhringer D Reinshagen H;Sektion Gewebetransplantation und Biotechnologie der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft 《Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft》2011,108(3):278-280
Background
In Germany, human tissue for corneal and amniotic transplantation is supplied by 27 cornea banks.Methods
The Section for Tissue Transplantation and Biotechnology of the German Ophthalmological Society records the cornea banks?? activities by means of an annual questionnaire.Results
In 2009, a total of 4,818 corneal grafts were processed by 21 responding cornea banks, and 57% were deemed suitable for transplantation. This ratio is slightly higher than the European average. In addition, German cornea banks released 1,257 amniotic grafts in 2009.Discussion
German cornea banks are currently facing new regulatory issues due to updated legislation regarding tissue transplantation. Recent updates in European law have limited the cutoff time for postmortem blood sampling to 24 h, and this regulation may lead to a significant reduction in potential donors. 相似文献19.
Mario Saravia Gustavo Zapata Paula Ferraiolo Lourdes Racca Alejandro Berra 《Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie》2009,247(10):1409-1416
Background
To determine the efficacy of bevacizumab (Avastin), an anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody, administrated via subconjunctival injection as a corneal anti-angiogenic treatment.Methods
Right corneas of rabbits were infected with herpes simplex virus type 1, KOS strain. On day 13 post-infection (p.i.), animals were treated subconjunctivally (sc) with a single 10-μl dose (25 μg/μl) of bevacizumab (group A) or with the same volume of an isotype monoclonal antibody, as negative control (group B). All animals were observed clinically on days 2, 5, 7, 14, 21, and 28 p.i., and two corneas each day were obtained for histological assessment and viral titration.Results
Viral replication was observed no longer than 5 days after infection. By day 7 a dense neutrophil invasion of the cornea was detected, which significantly increased while herpetic stromal keratitis progressed in severity. Positive outcomes observed following the treatment with bevacizumab, compared to control, included: (1) Total involution of neovascularization, (2) reduction in disease severity, (3) improved corneal translucency, (4) absence of scarring, (5) preservation of corneal thickness, (6) no neutrophil infiltration of the cornea.Conclusions
Subconjunctival administration of bevacizumab induced involution of new vessels, abolished inflammatory response, and resulted in return of corneal function. Furthermore, bevacizumab is a novel approach for the treatment of herpetic stromal keratitis. 相似文献20.
Francisco Arnalich-Montiel José L. Hernández-Verdejo Noelia Oblanca Francisco J. Muñoz-Negrete Maria P. De Miguel 《Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie》2013,251(11):2575-2584