Outcome of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty in octogenarians with tricompartmental osteoarthritis: A longer followup of previously published report

Background:

Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) has specific indications, producing excellent results. It, however, has a limited lifespan and needs eventual conversion to total knee arthroplasty (TKA). It is, therefore, a temporizing procedure in select active young patients with advanced unicompartmental osteoarthritis (UCOA). Being a less morbid procedure it is suggested as an alternative in the very elderly patients with tricompartmental osteoarthritis (TCOA). We performed UKA in a series of 45 octogenarians with TCOA predominant medial compartment osteoarthritis (MCOA) and analyzed the results.

Materials and Methods:

Forty five octogenarian patients with TCOA predominant MCOA underwent UKA (19 bilateral) from January 2002 to January 2012. All had similar preoperative work-up, surgical approach, procedure, implants and postoperative protocol. Clinicoradiological assessment was done at 3-monthly intervals for the first year, then yearly till the last followup (average 72 months, range 8-128 months). Results were evaluated using the knee society scores (KSS), satisfaction index [using the visual analogue scale (VAS)] and orthogonal radiographs (for loosening, subsidence, lysis or implant wear). Resurgery for any cause was considered failure.

Results:

Four patients (six knees) died due to medical conditions, two patients (three knees) were lost to followup, and these were excluded from the final analysis. Barring two failures, all the remaining patients were pain-free and performing well at the final followup. Indications for resurgery were: medial femoral condyle fracture needing fixation subsequent conversion to TKA at 2 years (n=1) and progression of arthritis and pain leading to revision TKA at 6 years (n=1).

Conclusion:

UKA has shown successful outcomes with regards to pain relief and function with 96.4% implant survival and 94.9% good or excellent outcomes. Due to lower demands, early rehabilitation, less morbidity, and relative short life expectancy, UKA can successfully manage TCOA in the octogenarians.     

人工单髁置换治疗膝单间室严重骨关节炎

目的 观察人工单髁置换(UKA)治疗膝关节单间室严重骨关节炎的疗效.方法 对52例(60膝)骨性关节炎患者行UKA.术前关节镜检查,采用微创小切口技术和Sled、M-G假体.结果 8例(8膝)因关节镜下髌骨关节面软骨损伤严重,改行关节镜清理或全膝置换术.44例(52膝)获随访1～6年.Bristol评分较术前均有升高,术前为21.93分,术后1个月达36.98分,6个月达48.12分.40例(46膝)患者术后1年胫骨假体周围出现约2 mm透光带,此后未再进一步发展,患膝无症状.结论 人工单髁置换治疗膝单间室严重骨关节炎是一种行之有效的方法,较全膝置换费用降低,创伤小,恢复快,功能好.     

单髁置换术治疗单间室膝关节骨关节炎

目的探讨单髁置换术治疗单间室膝关节骨关节炎的临床效果。方法对18例膝关节骨关节炎患者采用单髁置换术治疗。结果手术时间80～120（92±9.89）min,出血量130～325（206±45.74）ml,手术切口一期愈合,未发生手术并发症。18例均获随访,时间12～25个月。KSS膝评分：优9例,良6例,中3例;KSS功能评分：优9例,良5例,中4例。膝关节KSS评分、WOMAC评分和膝关节活动度在术前和末次随访时比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,股胫角角度有改善。结论单髁置换术治疗单间室膝关节骨关节炎是创伤小、效果好的治疗方法。     

膝关节单髁置换术治疗严重内侧间室骨性关节炎

[目的]探讨膝关节单髁置换术治疗严重内侧间室骨性关节炎的疗效与手术技术。[方法]回顾性分析2008年5月～2009年6月采用膝关节单髁置换术治疗18例(18膝)严重内侧间室骨性关节炎患者的资料,对患者术前、术后膝关节疼痛及关节活动度进行评估(HSS评分法),并测量术后膝关节力线与术前测量结果比较,分析术前病例的选择及手术技术。[结果]术后平均随访18个月(12～24个月),所有病例术后随访时关节内侧间室负重和静息性疼痛症状明显减轻或消失,膝关节活动度达到平均100°(0°～120°);术后力线为平均内翻2°(0°～内翻5°)。HSS评分由术前68分(60～76分)增至85分(78～90分),优良率达89%。[结论]膝关节单髁置换术治疗严重内侧间室骨性关节炎具有较好的疗效,术前病例选择和术中在C型臂机监视下手术操作至关重要。     

小切口单髁置换术治疗膝关节内侧间室骨关节炎94膝的中短期疗效研究

[目的]探讨小切口单髁置换术治疗膝关节内侧间室骨性关节炎的中短期疗效与手术技术。[方法]回顾性分析本院2003年1月～2010年6月收治的87例(94膝)经小切口单髁置换术治疗的膝关节内侧间室骨性关节炎患者的资料。对患者膝关节疼痛VAS评分、关节活动度、膝关节HSS评分、关节力线等进行评估分析,分析单髁关节置换临床效果、遇到的问题及应对方法。[结果]术后平均随访3.4年(6个月～7年),返修2例,无感染、深静脉血栓、假体脱位等,HSS评分由术前61.05分增至92.67分,优良率达92%。VAS评分由术前6.46分降至2.80分。术后疼痛缓解率94%。膝屈曲度平均达127.53°。术后力线平均内翻2°。[结论]小切口单髁置换术治疗膝关节内侧间室骨性关节炎中短期疗效满意,具有创伤小、恢复快、症状改善明显、术后功能良好等特点。     

Oxford单髁置换治疗膝内侧间室骨性关节炎

目的探讨Oxford单髁置换(UKA)治疗膝内侧间室骨关节炎的临床疗效。方法采用Oxford UKA治疗25例膝内侧间室骨关节炎患者(26膝)。采用膝关节功能HSS评分评价疗效。结果 25例患者均获随访,时间8~16个月。术后患膝关节疼痛均明显缓解,关节活动度改善,生活质量提高。术后2周、3个月、6个月膝关节功能HSS评分、膝关节活动度均较术前增加,差异均有统计学意义(P0.01),术后2周、3个月、6个月膝关节屈曲挛缩度数均较术前减少,差异均有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论 Oxford UKA治疗膝内侧间室骨关节炎,具有术后功能恢复良好、并发症少等优点。     

胫骨高位截骨术与单髁置换术治疗膝内侧间室骨关节炎的疗效

目的 探讨胫骨高位截骨术(HTO)与单髁置换术(UKA)治疗膝内侧间室骨关节炎的疗效.方法 将60例膝内侧间室骨关节炎患者按治疗方法的不同分为HTO组和UKA组,每组30例.比较术中出血量、手术时间、术后引流量、并发症发生情况.记录两组术前及末次随访时疼痛VAS评分、Tegner膝关节运动评分、HSS评分.结果 患者均...     

混合型单髁与全膝关节置换治疗膝内侧间室骨关节炎的疗效比较

目的：探讨Oxford第3代混合型单髁置换（unicompartmental knee arthroplasty,UKA）与全膝关节置换（total knee arthroplasty,TKA）治疗膝关节内侧间室骨关节炎的疗效。方法：回顾性分析2017年10月至2019年10月行膝关节置换术的156例患者,男44例,女112例,年龄50~75（58.76±4.97）岁。根据不同治疗方式分为单侧TKA组和单侧Oxford第3代混合型UKA组。单侧TKA 81例（81膝）,男23例,女58例,年龄51~75（58.60±5.01）岁;单侧Oxford第3代混合型UKA 75例（75膝）,男21例,女54例,年龄50~72（58.92±4.95）岁。比较两组临床评估指标,包括手术一般情况、相关并发症、美国膝关节协会评分（American Knee Society score,AKSS）临床评分和功能评分;影像评估指标包括髋膝踝角（hip-knee-ankle angle,HKA）、股骨假体内外翻角（femoral component valgus/varus angle,FCVA）、股骨假体后倾角（femoral component posterior slope angle,FCPSA）、胫骨假体内外翻角（tibial component valgus/varus angle,TCVA）、胫骨假体后倾角（tibial component posterior slope angle,TCPSA）,是否发生膝关节外侧间室进展、衬垫脱位、假体下沉、松动。结果：UKA组术中出血量、手术时间、住院天数均显著优于TKA组（P<0.05）,两组术后均未出现并发症。两组患者均获随访,时间24~54（38.01±8.90）个月。末次随访两组AKSS临床评分、功能评分、HKA均优于术前（P<0.05）。末次随访UKA组AKSS临床评分、功能评分均优于TKA组（P<0.05）,TKA组HKA优于UKA组（P<0.05）。末次随访两组TCVA、FCVA差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,UKA组TCPSA、FCPSA大于TKA组（P<0.05）,UKA组未出现外侧室进展。结论：Oxford第3代混合型UKA治疗膝关节内侧间室骨关节炎,较TKA具有手术创伤小、失血量少、手术时间短、住院时间短、术后快速康复、膝关节功能恢复更好等优势,疗效满意。     

单髁膝关节置换治疗膝关节单间室病变

[目的]了解单髁膝关节置换治疗单问室膝关节病变的早期疗效,探讨单髁膝关节置换手术的手术适应证和手术技术难点.[方法]采用轻度矫正不足(slightly undercorrect)原则和内侧有限松解技术对15例各类单间室膝关节病变患者行单髁膝关节置换术,对术前和随访时HSS评分,股胫角,最大关节活动度进行统计分析,并测量胫骨假体后倾角度.[结果]HSS评分,股胫角,最大关节活动度均较术前有显著改善,胫骨平台后倾角度平均4.2°.[结论]单髁膝关节置换治疗膝关节病变的早期疗效可靠,严格把握手术适应证是单髁膝关节置换疗效的保证,内侧有限松解技术能有效改善屈曲挛缩.     

Revision after total knee arthroplasty and unicompartmental knee arthroplasty in the medicare population

This study compares the relative risk of revision and associated risk factors after total or unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (TKA or UKA) in the Medicare population. A total of 61 767 TKA and 2848 UKA patients were identified. Reviewed data included type of treatment, gender, age, race, Charlson Index for comorbidity, length of stay, Medicare buy-in for socioeconomic status, region, and year. Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty patients were at increased risk for revision at 2 and 5 years. Those patients undergoing UKA were significantly more likely to require revision in the first 5 years as compared with those undergoing TKA. Risk factors contributing to TKA revision included younger male patients with higher comorbidities and lower socioeconomic status. About UKA, lower revision rates tend to favor those surgeons with higher volume.     

Oxford Ⅲ单髁系统治疗膝关节内侧间室退变的中期疗效

目的评价OxfordⅢ单髁系统治疗膝关节内侧间室退变的中期临床疗效。方法 2008年12月-2010年8月,收治26例(32膝)膝关节内侧间室退变患者,其中11例(14膝)获2年以上随访。男7例(9膝),女4例(5膝);年龄50～74岁,平均62.4岁。左侧6膝,右侧8膝。均为退行性关节炎,病程5～23年,平均11.6年。患者均有明确关节内侧间室负重疼痛和压痛。内侧间室骨性关节炎根据Ahlback分期标准,Ⅱ期4膝,Ⅲ期10膝。膝关节均伴内翻畸形;无主、被动屈伸活动受限。手术取髌内侧旁切口,采用OxfordⅢ单髁系统行膝关节内侧间室单髁置换手术。结果术后切口均Ⅰ期愈合。术后1～3个月5例出现切口下方局部鹅足疼痛症状,给予保守治疗,术后6个月复查症状均消失。术后11例(14膝)均获随访,随访时间24～30个月,平均27.5个月。随访期间无假体松动、移位,对侧间室和髌股关节病变、感染等并发症发生。末次随访时膝关节学会评分系统(KSS)评分、美国西部Ontario与McMaster大学骨关节炎指数评分(WOMAC)评分、膝关节活动度与术前比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。末次随访时股胫角较术前改善(P<0.05),但仍为轻度内翻;胫骨平台内翻角较术前有所增大,但无统计学意义(P>0.05);胫骨内髁后倾角明显较术前减小,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 OxfordⅢ单髁系统治疗膝关节内侧间室退变中期疗效满意,创伤小、恢复快;远期疗效尚需进一步观察。     

膝关节单间室置换术的研究进展

膝关节单间室置换术（单髁置换术,unicompartmental knee arthroplasty,UKA）已沿用30多年,被认为是治疗膝关节单间室骨性关节炎及骨坏死的一种有效术式。此术式有很多成功病例的报道,也有引发灾难性后果需要再次手术的情况。由于UKA多采用微创手术方式,因而在术后恢复及患者病死率等方面优于全膝关节置换;并且有学者经过10年的随访,发现关节存活率令人满意。随着手术技术日趋成熟、关节假体制造工艺越来越精细、     

Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty for the treatment of unicompartmental osteoarthritis: a systematic study

Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA), total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and high tibial osteotomy (HTO) may all be used to treat unicompartmental osteoarthritis, but they are often used for different patient groups. However, there is considerable overlap in indications for all three options. The aim of this review was to assess the safety and efficacy of UKA compared with TKA and HTO in unicompartmental osteoarthritis. Studies that compared UKA with either TKA or HTO were identified and included for review. For knee function and postoperative pain, UKA appeared similar to TKA and HTO at 5 years follow up. Range of motion was better in UKA compared with TKA. Complication rates after UKA and TKA appeared similar, although deep vein thrombosis was reported more often after TKA. There were more complications after HTO than UKA. Survival of UKA prostheses was approximately 85-95%, compared with at least 90% for TKA at 10 years follow up. Survivorship for HTO appeared to be less than 85%. It was not clear whether there were more revisions after UKA than TKA, but there appeared to be fewer revisions in UKA compared with HTO. UKA is considered at least as safe as TKA and HTO. For function, UKA appears to be at least as efficacious as TKA and HTO. The survival of UKA compared with TKA and HTO cannot be determined based on the available evidence.     

单髁置换术治疗膝单间室骨性关节炎的近期疗效

目的探讨单髁置换术治疗膝关节单间室骨性关节炎的近期疗效。方法回顾性分析26例经单髁置换术治疗的膝关节单间室骨性关节炎患者(28膝)的资料。采用HSS评分对患者术后膝关节疼痛与关节活动度进行评估,测量术后膝关节力线,分析手术的适应症证及术后疗效。结果患者均获得随访,时间3~32个月。28膝术后关节负重内侧间室疼痛明显减轻或消失,膝屈曲度为122°~135°(128.39°±4.69°),术后力线内翻角度为1.2°~4.0°(2.51°±0.10°)。术后HSS评分:优24膝,良2膝,可2膝。结论单髁置换术治疗膝关节骨性关节炎具有创伤小、恢复快、症状改善明显、延缓全膝置换时间等特点,近期疗效较好。     

单髁置换术与全膝关节置换术治疗膝单间室骨性关节炎近中期疗效的对比研究

目的探讨膝单髁置换术(UKA)和全膝关节置换术(TKA)治疗膝单间室重度骨性关节炎(KOA)的近中期临床疗效。方法随访本研究中因患膝单间室重度KOA接受单髁置换术的患者23例(23膝),同时期同术者施行的全膝关节置换术50例(56膝)。UKA组23位患者22名获得到了较为完整的临床随访,1例死亡。平均时间为28.6个月(4个月～7年),TKA组50位患者均获得随访,平均时间为32.9个月(2个月～7年)。对手术前后HSS评分,疼痛缓解,术中出血量及术后3d血红蛋白下降量,关节屈曲大于90°时间及屈曲大于120°膝关节数进行比较。结果UKA组与TKA组均获得满意疗效,两组患者均无假体松动,无关节翻修等严重并发症,HSS评分UKA组术前(64±5.75)分,术后末次随访(86±7.85)分(t=11.53,P0.001);TKA组术前(61±6.53)分,术后末次随访(84±7.92)分(t=18.64,P0.001)。与TKA组比较,UKA组术中出血(t=12.47,P0.001)及术后3d天血红蛋白下降少(t=13.61,P0.001),疼痛缓解相似(2=0.007,P0.05),术后膝关节屈曲到90°时间短(t=3.97,P0.05),术后能屈曲到120°的比率高。结论在严格掌握适应证的前提下,对于膝单间室重度KOA患者的手术治疗,UKA的近中期疗效可与TKA相媲美,而且UKA具有创伤小,出血少,患者耐受性好,术后恢复快的优点。     

Early failure of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty leading to revision

The most common previously reported modes of failure of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) in the first and second decades are polyethylene wear, progression of arthritis, and component loosening. The purpose of this study is to describe an early mechanism of failure of the medial UKA. Thirty-two consecutive revisions from UKA to total knee arthroplasty were retrospectively reviewed. The predominant mode of failure observed in 15 (47%) of 32 knees was medial tibial collapse. Of these, 87% were an all-polyethylene design, and 7 of 15 failed in less than 16 months and required more complex reconstruction with stems, augments, and screws and cement. Increased tibial slope was associated with posterior tibial collapse. In our series, knees that failed by medial tibial collapse had more significant bone defects and required more complex reconstructions than is currently reported in the literature.     

膝表面置换术在类风湿性膝关节炎和骨性膝关节炎的应用和比较

目的探讨膝关节表面置换术治疗类膝关节风湿性关节炎(RA)和膝关节骨性关节炎(OA)的临床疗效、安全性差异。方法自2010-01—2012-04采用膝关节表面置换术治疗68例(84膝)膝关节疾患,按照疾病类型分为OA组和RA组,对比分析2组手术时间、术中出血量、VAS评分、切口愈合时间、HSS单项评分及总分等。结果术后68例(84膝)获得平均47个月随访,随访期间无人工膝关节假体脱位。OA组手术时间、术中失血量、术后引流量及VAS评分显著低于RA组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。OA组术后1个月疼痛和HSS总分显著高于RA组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),OA组术后1年和3年疼痛、功能、活动范围单项评分和HSS总分均显著高于RA组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论OA及RA人工全膝置换术后功能均有一定改善,与OA相比,RA患者术后近中期疗效相对较差,但远期疗效差异有待进一步研究。     

人工全膝关节置换治疗膝关节骨关节炎

目的探讨人工全膝关节置换术(TKA)治疗终末期膝关节骨关节炎的临床疗效。方法对行TKA治疗的181例终末期膝关节骨关节炎患者(226膝)分别于手术后40、120、180、360 d进行定期随访观察,对患者HSS膝关节功能评分及膝关节最大活动度进行比较。结果患者均获得随访,时间1~2年。膝关节功能HSS评分:优209膝(92.5%),良13膝(5.8%),可3膝(1.3%),差1膝(0.4%),优良率98.2%。术后各时间段的HSS评分及膝关节最大活动度均较术前显著提高,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 TKA是治疗终末期膝关节骨关节炎的有效方法,正确的手术操作和合理的功能锻炼是取得满意临床效果决定性因素。     

Medial tibial plateau fracture complicating unicompartmental knee arthroplasty

We describe a new cause of a medial tibial plateau fracture complicating the early postoperative rehabilitation following unicompartmental knee arthroplasty. The patient was successfully treated by open reduction and internal fixation by buttress plating the fracture and retaining the prosthesis. The treatment option used proved to be successful, although careful patient selection for unicompartmental knee arthroplasty should be recommended to decrease the risk of this complication.