混合型初次全髋关节置换术中骨水泥柄10年以上的随访研究

目的回顾性分析混合型初次全髋关节置换术（THA）中骨水泥柄的临床和影像学疗效及其相关影响因素。方法对1999年1月至2001年12月期间接受混合型初次THA治疗髋部疾病的患者126例（135髋）进行至少10年的随访。观察Harris评分、股骨假体位置、骨水泥壳及其周围骨质变化。假体生存率采用Kaplan-Meier方法进行分析,以无菌性松动导致翻修及单纯骨溶解病灶清除植骨术为随访终点。结果共有79例（85髋）获得10年以上随访。Harris评分由术前（44.5±18.8）分提高至末次随访时（92.1±5.6）分。截至随访终点,在Gruen 1区观察到2髋发生骨溶解,7区4髋发生骨溶解现象。共有4例（4髋）接受翻修手术,其中1例男性患者因骨溶解致髋臼假体松动,同侧股骨近端骨溶解,同期行右髋臼侧翻修及股骨侧骨溶解病灶清除植骨术。另3例因髋臼假体松动行髋臼侧翻修术,影像学及术中见股骨假体稳定。以无菌性松动为随访终点,股骨假体生存率为100%;以无菌性松动翻修、单纯骨溶解病灶清除植骨术为随访终点,股骨假体生存率为98.8%（95%可信区间,12.23~12.32）。结论混合型初次THA术中骨水泥假体的远期生存率令人满意;采用第3代骨水泥技术固定的股骨柄取得与现代非骨水泥假体柄相近的远期生存率。     

258髋Corail股骨柄假体中期疗效观察

目的：探讨终末期髋关节疾病患者采用 Corail 羟基磷灰石(Hydroxyapatite,HA)全涂层股骨柄假体行全髋关节置换术(Total hip arthroplasty, THA)的中期疗效。方法：回顾性分析2011年 1 0月～2019 年 10月采用 Corail 假体行 THA 治疗 239例（258髋）髋关节终末期疾病患者的病例资料,其中男137例,女102例,年龄38~79岁,平均50.4岁。左髋117例,右髋141例。适应症包括股骨头缺血性坏死145髋（56.2%）,髋关节发育不良58髋（22.4%）,髋关节骨性关节炎36髋（14.0%）,股骨颈骨折11髋（4.3%）,类风湿关节炎8髋（3.1%）。采用 Harris 评分、疼痛视觉模拟评分（VAS）及临床并发症评估患者髋关节功能,随访X 片观察假体有无松动、螺钉有无断裂等。结果：所有患者均安全度过围手术期。术后1例患者出现肺部感染伴胸腔积液,术后6例患者术侧大腿出现了不同程度的疼痛,术后5例患者出现假体感染,术后6例患者出现脱位,术后7例患者出现小腿肌间静脉血栓,术后15例患者出现了假体下沉,未出现无菌性松动或神经血管损伤等并发症,无翻修患者,股骨柄存活率为100%。术后239例（258髋）均获随访,随访时间0.5~7年,平均5.8年,末次随访Harris评分（84.84±5.65）分、VAS评分（1.11±0.79）,所有的股骨柄都非常稳定,没有透亮线的迹象。结论：Corail HA 全涂层股骨柄假体具有持久的稳定性,术后大腿疼痛发生率较低等优点,中期疗效较好。     

Corail高偏心距股骨柄假体在单侧初次全髋关节置换中的应用

目的:探讨高偏心距股骨柄假体在初次全髋关节置换中的应用。方法：2015年1月至2017年6月使用Corail高偏心距股骨柄假体（KHO型）行初次人工全髋关节置换的51例单侧髋关节病变者进行回顾性研究,女20例,男31例;年龄21~71（50.8±13.3）岁。分别在术后髋关节正位X线片上测量外展力臂、股骨偏心距、髋臼偏心距、下肢长短差异。记录患者手术前后的Harris评分及相关并发症,并分析假体的稳定性。结果：患侧股骨偏心距、联合偏心距、外展力臂均明显大于健侧（P<0.05）。患侧髋臼偏心距与健侧比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。17髋（33.3%）的股骨偏心距得到了正常重建,其中15例（88.2%）双下肢等长。34髋（66.7%）股骨偏心距大于健侧,34例（100%）双下肢等长。51例患者获随访,时间（42.3±7.3）个月,Harris评分由术前的（38.0±7.6）分提高至末次随访时的（92.1±3.1）（P<0.001）。结论：高偏心距Corail假体在在单侧初次全髋关节置换中虽未能正常重建股骨偏心距,但并不影响下肢长短的重建和假体的稳定性。     

初次全髋关节置换术中生物型股骨柄5年以上随访结果分析

目的评估生物型初次全髋关节置换术（THA）5年以上患者的临床疗效、影像学结果、并发症及其影响因素。方法对1995年1月至2006年6月期间接受生物型初次全髋关节置换术治疗髋部疾病的患者110例124髋进行随访。截至末次随访时,40例（44髋）患者获得随访,随访时间平均为8.2年（5~16.3年）。临床观察Harris评分、各种并发症,影像学评估假体位置、假体周围骨质以及并发症情况。假体生存率采用Kaplan-Meier方法进行分析,以无菌性松动所致翻修为随访终点。结果随访率为36.4%。Harris评分由术前为（48.47±14.54）分提高至末次随访时（91.37±5.44）分（P〈0.001）。截止随访终点,术后并发症包括脱位（1例1髋）、无菌性松动（2例2髋）、深静脉血栓（1例1髋）、异位骨化（13例13髋）,无感染。生物型股骨柄15年生存率为100%。结论初次THA术中生物型股骨假体的远期生存率令人满意,但需要提高随访率。     

初次全髋关节置换术后6年以上随访的临床疗效分析

目的评价初次全髋关节置换（THA）术后6年以上的临床疗效及术后的各种并发症。方法自2001年1月至2005年1月,本中心共对北京地区210例225侧髋关节进行初次THA。其中单侧髋关节置换术195例,双髋同时置换术15例。半髋置换10例,全髋关节置换术215例。骨水泥固定假体18例,非骨水泥固定假体207例。围手术期及术后处理基本一致。术后定期随访,最新的随访时间平均为6.5年（5.5~8.5年）。结果围手术期并发症包括：术中股骨干骨折6例;下肢深静脉血栓28例,无肺栓塞病例;术后伤口感染4例;术后4周内脱位3例;术后出现一过性意识障碍3例。术后平均6.5年时176例183髋得到随访,34例42髋失访。远期感染病例1例,脱位2例,股骨干骨折4例。Harris评分由术前平均40.6分（-12~59分）提高到术后平均80.4分（75~94分）。其中152例评分〉80分,19例评分位于70~80分之间,5例评分〈70分。影像学检查3例髋臼假体、4例6髋股骨假体周围出现小范围的透亮线,2例3髋发现位于髋关节周围的异位骨化。其余X线片示髋臼和股骨柄假体位置满意,无松动和感染征象。结论 THA是治疗各种晚期重度髋关节疾病很好的方法,6年以上的临床效果良好,并发症少。     

354例Ribbed股骨柄假体置换术的中远期疗效分析

目的探讨采用Ribbed股骨柄假体行人工全髋关节置换术(total hip arthroplasty,THA)的中远期疗效。方法回顾分析2006年10月—2016年5月采用Ribbed股骨柄假体行THA且获完整随访的354例(384髋)髋关节疾病患者临床资料。男171例,女183例;年龄20～82岁,平均53.4岁。单髋324例,双髋30例。关节置换原因:股骨头缺血性坏死151例(159髋),髋关节骨关节炎134例(136髋),类风湿性关节炎43例(43髋),强直性脊柱炎20例(40髋),创伤6例(6髋)。术前患者Harris评分为(42.34±8.89)分。术后采用Harris评分评价髋关节功能;摄X线片判断双下肢是否等长、股骨侧有无透亮带、假体稳定性以及应力遮挡发生情况。结果术后切口均Ⅰ期愈合。354例患者均获随访,随访时间2～11年,平均7.4年。末次随访时Harris评分为(80.52±7.61)分,与术前比较差异有统计学意义(t=134.804,P=0.000)。术后发生2例(2髋)假体感染,3例(3髋)假体松动,4例(4髋)假体周围骨折,48例(48髋)存在轻到中度大腿疼痛。X线片示76例(78髋)股骨侧存在透亮线以及不同程度应力遮挡。按照Engh等的方法评价假体稳定性,骨长入性稳定364髋,纤维长入性稳定15髋,假体不稳定5髋。25例(25髋)发生股骨柄假体下沉,其中5例患者双下肢长度差异10 mm。结论采用Ribbed股骨柄假体行THA具有初始稳定性好、骨长入好等优点,术后应力遮挡发生率相对较高,但对假体中远期生存率和疗效无明显影响。     

应用LCU股骨柄假体行全髋置换术的早期疗效

目的探讨应用LCU股骨柄假体行生物学固定型全髋关节置换术(total hip arthroplasty,THA)的早期疗效。方法回顾性分析2011年8月至2013年4月采用LCU股骨柄假体行THA术85例(90髋),男26例(28髋),女59例(62髋);年龄19~83岁,平均55岁;平均体重指数(23.33±3.13)kg/m2。单髋80例,双髋5例。发育性髋关节发育不良34例(38髋),股骨颈骨折14例(14髋),股骨头坏死17例(17髋),原发性髋关节骨关节炎18例(19髋),类风湿性髋关节炎1例(1髋),髋关节结核1例(1髋)。股骨侧假体均采用LCU股骨柄假体。髋臼采用陶瓷-陶瓷界面者78髋,陶瓷-聚乙烯12髋。对术后及随访时的影像学资料进行分析,末次随访时采用髋关节Harris评分标准评定疗效。结果 82例(87髋)患者术后获得随访,随访12~32个月,平均19个月,3例失访。术前髋关节功能Harris评分为(33.73±3.21)分,末次随访时髋关节功能Harris评分改善至(92.84±4.47)分,与术前比较差异有统计学意义(t=242.69,P0.01)。末次随访时大腿轻度疼痛1例,中度疼痛1例,无重度疼痛。末次随访时无一例出现骨溶解、假体松动,按Engh标准评定:所有获访者均获骨长入固定,其中股骨侧假体诊断为骨性固定者85髋,诊断为纤维性稳定者1髋。假体下沉小于2 mm者1髋,其余均无假体下沉。结论 LCU股骨柄假体行生物学固定型THA的早期疗效满意。     

全髋关节置换术治疗股骨转子间不稳定性骨折合并股骨头坏死7年随访

目的:探讨全髋关节置换术治疗合并股骨头坏死的股骨转子间不稳定性骨折的效果和中长期随访情况。方法：自2008年3月至2014年10月采用全髋关节置换术对股骨转子间不稳定性骨折合并股骨头坏死的患者23例进行治疗,男10例,女13例;年龄59~82（68.4±10.4）岁。根据Evans-Jensen分型,Ⅱa型8例,Ⅱb型6例,Ⅲ型9例。根据Ficat分期,Ⅱa期3例,Ⅱb期3例,Ⅲ期9例,Ⅳ期8例。术后观察并发症发生情况,以Harris评分进行髋关节功能评价,术后7年时评估假体生存率。结果：术后出现并发症2例,1例患者术后3个月时出现急性假体周围感染,1例患者术后3个月时出现髋关节脱位。23例患者均获得随访,随访时间61~110（85.1±22.9）个月。末次随访时Harris评分83~92（89.8±5.2）分,与术前比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。影像学显示所有患者转子间骨折获得骨性愈合。23例患者假体7年生存率为95.7%。结论：对于合并股骨头坏死的股骨转子间不稳定性骨折使用人工全髋关节置换术治疗,可以同时治疗骨折和术前症状性髋关节疼痛,具有满意的中长期效果。     

人工全髋关节置换治疗陈旧性化脓性髋关节炎遗留关节畸形的临床疗效

目的 评价人工全髋关节置换术（total hip arthroplasty,THA）治疗陈旧性化脓性髋关节炎遗留关节畸形的临床效果。方法 回顾性收集2014年8月至2019年7月于新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院行THA治疗陈旧性化脓性髋关节炎的18例病人围手术期及术后随访资料。通过Harris评分评估髋关节功能,依据随访时X线片评估假体情况,记录随访过程中并发症发生情况。结果 18例病人随访（29.6±2.3）个月（24~35个月）。下肢短缩由术前的（4.17±1.24） cm改善至术后的（0.62±0.41） cm,差异有统计学意义（t=11.393,P＜0.001）;Harris评分由术前的（43.38±3.81）分提升至末次随访时的（87.61±4.21）分,差异有统计学意义（t=-30.484,P＜0.001）;其中优秀9例,良好6例,尚可3例,优良率为83%。切口脂肪液化1例,其余均愈合良好。术后脱位1例,进行翻修手术。随访期间未观察到假体周围骨折、假体周围感染、骨溶解、无菌性松动等并发症。结论 THA治疗陈旧性化脓性髋关节炎遗留关节畸形病人疗效满意,可显著改善髋关节功能,纠正下肢长度,提高病人生活质量。     

初次骨水泥型人工全髋关节置换术的中远期疗效分析

目的回顾性分析初次骨水泥型全髋关节置换术（THA）的中远期临床及影像学疗效、假体的生存率及其相关影响因素。方法对1991年7月至2006年6月间接受初次骨水泥型THA的患者187例（201髋）进行随访。观察并发症情况、影像学表现,并对Harris评分和骨密度结果值进行统计学分析,以假体翻修为随访终点,计算假体的生存率。结果共117例（126髋）获得完整随访,平均随访时间为13.5年。Harris评分由术前的（32.8±22.5）分提高至末次随访时的（90.3±7.3）分,差异有统计学意义（t=-27.91,P〈0.01）。假体周围界面有不同表现的患者的骨密度结果比较无统计学差异（F=0.289,P〉0.05）。晚期感染1髋,脱位3髋,下肢深静脉血栓4髋,下肢不等长4髋,假体周围骨折2髋,异位骨化6髋,无菌性松动5髋。共有7髋接受髋关节翻修手术,平均翻修手术时间为初次置换术后11.3年,假体的生存率为94.4%。结论骨水泥型THA在治疗高龄骨质疏松患者髋关节疾病方面可以取得良好的临床效果,骨水泥假体的远期生存率令人满意。     

维生素D受体在糖尿病肾病足细胞损伤及蛋白尿缓解中的作用

目的探讨维生素D受体(VDR)在糖尿病肾病(DKD)足细胞中的表达水平及在足细胞损伤及蛋白尿缓解中的作用。方法(1)本研究纳入了65例诊断患有2型糖尿病(伴或不伴蛋白尿)的患者,并纳入了25例年龄和性别相匹配的健康体检者为对照组。根据白蛋白/肌酐(ACR)的尿排泄比例对2型糖尿病患者进行分组,分别为无蛋白尿(ACR<30 mg/g,n=24)、微量白蛋白尿(ACR 30~300 mg/g,n=18)和临床蛋白尿(ACR>300 mg/g,n=23)。另选择25例经肾活检确诊的DKD患者作为DKD组。正常肾脏组织标本均取自泌尿外科同一时期肾脏肿瘤切除患者10例。将各组检测指标进行对比,同时采用实时定量PCR、ELISA法和免疫组化法检测VDR在各组患者的血液、尿液样本和肾脏组织中的表达情况,以及使用Pearson相关分析分析VDR与尿蛋白的相关性。(2)在2型糖尿病肾病小鼠模型中对上述结果进行验证,将遗传背景均为C57BLKs/J的雄性db/db小鼠及同窝出生的db/m小鼠,随机分为正常对照组(A组)、DKD对照组(B组)、DKD二甲基亚砜处理组(C组)、DKD帕立骨化醇(VDR激动剂)处理组(D组),C、D组连续腹腔注射处理8周,对照组不做任何处理。小鼠10周龄时开始连续干预8周,在小鼠22周龄(开始干预后12周)检测各组小鼠体重、血、尿生化指标对比;Western印迹法检测β⁃catenin、VDR的变化;免疫荧光观察足细胞标志蛋白podocin及足细胞损伤蛋白α⁃SMA的表达变化。结果(1)与正常健康对照组相比,无蛋白尿组、微量白蛋白尿组和临床蛋白尿组的糖尿病患者血浆中VDR的mRNA和蛋白水平均较低(均P<0.05);与无蛋白尿组的糖尿病患者相比,微量白蛋白尿组和临床蛋白尿组的糖尿病患者血浆中VDR的mRNA和蛋白水平均较低(均P<0.05)。(2)与正常健康对照组相比,无蛋白尿糖尿病组和DKD组患者血浆中VDR的mRNA和蛋白水平均较低(均P<0.05);与无蛋白尿糖尿病组患者相比,DKD组患者血浆中VDR的mRNA和蛋白水平亦较低(均P<0.05)。(3)免疫组化结果显示,DKD组肾组织中VDR的表达明显少于正常对照组。(4)DKD患者血浆中VDR mRNA相对水平与ACR呈负相关(r=-0.342,P<0.05)。(5)各组尿液上清液中VDR的水平与血浆中的水平呈相反趋势。(6)Western印迹结果显示,B组、C组肾小球足细胞β⁃catenin蛋白表达高于D组(均P<0.05),VDR蛋白的表达低于D组(均P<0.05);免疫荧光结果显示,B组、C组肾小球足细胞podocin的表达低于D组(均P<0.05),α⁃SMA的表达高于D组(均P<0.05)。结论VDR高表达缓解DKD足细胞损伤及蛋白尿。     

Anterior Interosseous Nerve Palsy After Shoulder Arthroscopy Treated With Surgical Decompression: A Case Series and Systematic Review of the Literature

Background: Anterior interosseous nerve (AIN) palsy is a very uncommon cause of upper extremity pain and weakness that comprises less than 1% of all upper extremity nerve palsies. Rarely reported but also mentioned in the literature is AIN palsy after shoulder arthroscopy. Methods: A systematic review of the literature to date using PubMed was conducted to identify patients who suffered AIN palsy after shoulder arthroscopy procedures. Articles included met the following criteria: (1) published in English; (2) primary presentation of the data; (3) patients had undergone shoulder arthroscopy before developing symptoms of AIN palsy; and (4) diagnosis was confirmed with clinical symptoms of AIN palsy. Measured outcomes included patient demographics, specific shoulder procedure, anesthesia procedure, intra-operative patient positioning, intra-operative compressive dressing, intra-operative traction, surgical versus conservative treatment, abnormal findings during decompression procedure, proposed mechanism of injury, and follow-up. Results: The search yielded 6 articles, of which 4 (13 cases) met inclusion criteria. An additional 2 cases were included in this report totaling 15 cases. The average patient age was 49 years (range: 31-64) with 73% males. At average follow-up of 24 months, 67% of patients experienced complete resolution of symptoms—more than half of which underwent surgical decompression. Patients who failed to progress experienced weakness of the flexor digitorum profundus and flexor pollicis longus muscles. Conclusions: Proposed injury mechanisms for AIN palsy after shoulder arthroscopy range from mechanical trauma, compressive hematoma, and direct anesthetic neurotoxicity. Management should be directed by clinical symptoms, imaging, and patient factors with majority of patients expected to have excellent clinical outcomes.     

不同尿钙水平的Gitelman综合征患者临床特点比较

目的观察不同尿钙水平Gitelman综合征(GS)患者的临床特点,探讨尿钙在GS疾病临床分型中的价值。方法收集2016—2018年来自中国国家罕见病注册系统(NRSC)、在北京协和医院行SLC12A3基因检测诊断为GS患者的临床资料,分析其尿钙特点,比较不同尿钙水平患者的临床和实验室检查指标。氢氯噻嗪试验按照标准操作流程进行,测定患者基线和用药后3 h内氯离子排泄分数改变量的最大值(ΔFECl)。结果共有83例GS患者被纳入研究,其中低尿钙患者53例(63.86%)。低尿钙组尿钙/肌酐比明显低于非低尿钙组[(0.085±0.058)mmol/mmol比(0.471±0.284)mmol/mmol,t=7.349,P<0.001]。两组患者在年龄、性别、估算肾小球滤过率、血压、血尿电解质水平、代谢性碱中毒方面差异均无统计学意义。低尿钙组患者乏力(χ2=4.595,P=0.032)及多尿(χ2=5.778,P=0.016)发生比例低于非低尿钙组,两组患者在其他临床症状方面差异无统计学意义。低尿钙和非低尿钙组各有16例患者行氢氯噻嗪试验,中位ΔFECl结果分别为0.539%(0.430%,1.283%)和0.829%(0.119%,1.298%),均提示对氢氯噻嗪无反应,组间差异无统计学意义(U=130.000,P=0.956)。结论GS患者中低尿钙比例为63.86%,尿钙水平与疾病临床表型、NCC功能损伤严重程度之间均无明确相关性。     

Fibrinogen-thrombin collagen patch reinforcement of highrisk colonic anastomoses in rats

AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of human fibrinogenthrombin collagen patch(TachoSil~?) in the reinforcement of high-risk colon anastomoses.METHODS A quasi-experimental study was conducted in Wistar rats(n = 56) that all underwent high-risk anastomoses(anastomosis with only two sutures) after colectomies. The rats were divided into two randomized groups: Control group(24 rats) and treatment group(24 rats). In the treatment group, high-risk anastomosis was reinforced with TachoSil~? (a piece of Tacho Sil? was applied over this high-risk anastomosis, covering the gap). Leak incidence, overall survival, intra-abdominal adhesions, and histologic healing of anastomoses were analyzed. Survivors were divided into two subgroups and euthanized at 15 and 30 d after intervention in order to analyze the adhesions and histologic changes. RESULTS Overall survival was 71.4% and 57.14% in the TachoSil~? group and control group, respectively(P = 0.29); four rats died from other causes and six rats in the treatment group and 10 in the control group experienced colonic leakage(P 0.05). The intra-abdominal adhesion score was similar in both groups, with no differences between subgroups. We found non-significant differences in the healing process according to the histologic score used in both groups(P = 0.066).CONCLUSION In our study, the use of TachoSil~? was associated with a non-statistically significant reduction in the rate of leakage in high-risk anastomoses. TachoSil~? has been shown to be a safe product because it does not affect the histologic healing process or increase intra-abdominal adhesions.     

Role of Conventional and Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Spinal Treatment Protocol for Hydatid Disease

Objective:

To demonstrate the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in determining the treatment protocol for hydatid disease of the spine.

Design:

Case report; literature review.

Findings:

Diffusion-weighted MRI can help differentiate complicated infected hydatidosis from abscesses, epidermoid cysts from arachnoid cysts, and benign from malignant vertebral compression fractures. It is also helpful in differentiating between abscesses and necrotic tumors.

Conclusion:

Diffusion-weighted MRI can help differentiate between infections requiring immediate surgery and those that can be treated medically with antihelmintic treatment.     

Fluorescence in the Sclera,Nails, and Teeth Secondary to Favipiravir Use for COVID-19 Infections

Favipiravir, an antiviral agent originally used for influenza infections, has become popular due to its beneficial signals in coronavirus disease. It is currently used in some countries within COVID-19 treatment protocols. This is an initial report of favipiravir-related fluorescence observed in three healthcare providers working in the same ward in our hospital. All three individuals had been diagnosed with COVID-19 two months earlier and were treated with favipiravir. None of the three individuals received hydroxychloroquine or tetracyclines. Wood’s light examination led to an incidental discovery of favipiravir-induced fluorescence involving the sclera, nails, and teeth. In all patients, white linear, square, and band-like specks of fluorescence were noticed on the sclera of both eyes, some teeth, and the proximal part of all fingernails and toenails. Exposure of the eyes to the Wood’s light was for a brief duration of 3 to 5 seconds during examination and photodocumentation. Favipiravir might cause bright white fluorescence of nails, sclera, and teeth, detectable by Wood’s light even two months after its cessation.     

Safety and tolerability of single intravenous doses of sugammadex administered simultaneously with rocuronium or vecuronium in healthy volunteers

BACKGROUND: Sugammadex rapidly reverses rocuronium- and vecuronium-induced neuromuscular block. To investigate the effect of combination of sugammadex and rocuronium or vecuronium on QT interval, it would be preferable to avoid the interference of anaesthesia. Therefore, this pilot study was performed to investigate the safety, tolerability, and plasma pharmacokinetics of single i.v. doses of sugammadex administered simultaneously with rocuronium or vecuronium to anaesthetized and non-anaesthetized healthy volunteers. METHODS: In this phase I study, 12 subjects were anaesthetized with propofol/remifentanil and received sugammadex 16, 20, or 32 mg kg(-1) combined with rocuronium 1.2 mg kg(-1) or vecuronium 0.1 mg kg(-1); four subjects were not anaesthetized and received sugammadex 32 mg kg(-1) with rocuronium 1.2 mg kg(-1) or vecuronium 0.1 mg kg(-1) (n=2 per treatment). Neuromuscular function was assessed by TOF-Watch SX monitoring in anaesthetized subjects and by clinical tests in non-anaesthetized volunteers. Sugammadex, rocuronium, and vecuronium plasma concentrations were measured at several time points. RESULTS: No serious adverse events (AEs) were reported. Fourteen subjects reported 23 AEs after study drug administration. Episodes of mild headache, tiredness, cold feeling (application site), dry mouth, oral discomfort, nausea, increased aspartate aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyltransferase levels, and moderate injection site irritation were considered as possibly related to the study drug. The ECG and vital signs showed no clinically relevant changes. Rocuronium/vecuronium plasma concentrations declined faster than those of sugammadex. CONCLUSIONS: Single-dose administration of sugammadex 16, 20, or 32 mg kg(-1) in combination with rocuronium 1.2 mg kg(-1) or vecuronium 0.1 mg kg(-1) was well tolerated with no clinical evidence of residual neuromuscular block, confirming that these combinations can safely be administered simultaneously to non-anaesthetized subjects. Rocuronium and vecuronium plasma concentrations decreased faster than those of sugammadex, reducing the theoretical risk of neuromuscular block developing over time.     

血浆凝血因子VIII水平与IgA肾病患者临床病理改变及预后的关系

目的探讨血浆凝血因子VIII(factor VIII,FVIII)水平与IgA肾病(IgAN)患者临床参数及预后的关系。方法收集2016年1月至2016年12月中南大学湘雅二医院确诊的IgAN患者的临床资料。按照时间依赖的受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)得出的血浆FVIII预测IgAN预后的临界值,将患者分为高FVIII组(FVIII>140.50%)和低FVIII组(FVIII≤140.50%),比较两组患者肾活检时基线临床参数的差异。以估算肾小球滤过率(eGFR)下降≥30%或进入终末期肾脏病(ESRD)为终点事件,采用Kaplan-Meier生存曲线及Cox回归方程法分析血浆FVIII水平对IgAN患者预后的影响。结果共93例IgAN患者纳入本研究,中位随访时间为35.15(33.77,36.76)个月,12例(12.90%)患者发生终点事件。高FVIII组患者年龄、血肌酐、尿素氮、血三酰甘油、血总胆固醇、血浆纤维蛋白原、D-二聚体、24 h尿蛋白量、蛋白C、蛋白S和eGFR下降速率高于低FVIII组(均P<0.05);eGFR、血白蛋白、中位随访时间低于低FVIII组(均P<0.05)。Kaplan-Meier生存分析结果显示,与低FVIII组比较,高FVIII组患者肾脏累积生存率降低(χ2=5.635,P=0.018)。在校正收缩压、eGFR、尿蛋白、肾小管萎缩/间质纤维化程度等因素后,多因素Cox回归分析结果显示,高血浆FVIII水平是IgAN患者肾脏预后不良的独立危险因素(HR=4.147,95%CI 1.055~16.308,P=0.042)。结论血浆FVIII水平与IgAN患者临床指标及预后相关,高血浆FVIII水平是IgAN患者肾脏预后不良的独立危险因素。     

罗伊适应模式对腹股沟疝无张力疝修补术后恢复情况的影响

目的探讨罗伊适应模式对患者腹股沟疝无张力疝修补术后恢复情况的影响。 方法将2016年1月至2019年5月在秦皇岛市第二医院择期进行无张力修补术治疗的120例腹股沟疝患者，按照随机数字法分为对照组和观察组，每组各60例。对照组采用常规护理治疗，观察组在对照组的基础上采用罗伊适应模式。比较2组患者的术后临床指标、心理状态、围手术期并发症发生情况及满意度。 结果术后观察组患者的首次排气时间、恢复正常饮食时间、离床活动时间和术后住院时间均低于对照组（P<0.05）；术后观察组患者的抑郁自评量表（SDS）和焦虑自评量表（SAS）评分显著低于对照组（P<0.05）；术后2组患者均无切口感染发生，2组患者尿潴留、急性疼痛、认知功能障碍、发热、血肿等发生率相比无统计学差异（P>0.05）；术后观察组患者护理满意度为96.67%，显著高于对照组的83.33%（P<0.05）。 结论在常规护理的基础上，罗伊适应模式用于患者腹股沟疝无张力修补围手术期，能有效改善术后患者的焦虑/抑郁情绪，不增加围手术期并发症，促进术后患者的恢复及提高治疗满意度。     

Factors Associated With Reoperation After Silicone Proximal Interphalangeal Joint Arthroplasty

Background: Silicone proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint arthroplasty has a high revision rate. It has been suggested that persistent ulnar deviation and joint instability influence the durability of PIP silicone arthroplasties. The goal of this study was to evaluate what factors are associated with reoperation after silicone PIP arthroplasty. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated all adult patients who underwent PIP silicone arthroplasty between 2002 and 2016 at one institutional system for inflammatory-, posttraumatic-, and primary degenerative arthritis. After manual chart review, we included 91 patients who underwent 114 arthroplasties. Fingers operated included 14 index, 41 middle, 38 ring, and 21 small fingers. Results: The overall reoperation rate was 14% (n = 16). Non-Caucasian race (P = .040), smoking (P = .022) and PIP silicone arthroplasty for post-traumatic osteoarthritis (P = .021) were associated with reoperation. The 1-, 5- and 10-year implant survival rates were 87%, 85%, and 85%, respectively. Conclusion: Caution should be exercised when considering PIP silicone arthroplasty of the index finger or in patients with post-traumatic osteoarthritis. It may be worthwhile addressing smoking behavior before pursuing silicone PIP arthroplasty.