贝那普利、地尔硫(艹卓)对心脏X综合征患者内皮功能的影响

目的 研究应用贝那普利、地尔硫(艹卓)对心脏X综合征(CSX)患者内皮功能的影响.方法 将40例CSX患者随机接受贝那普利(20例,贝那普利组)或地尔硫(艹卓)(20例,地尔硫(艹卓)组)治疗,并设20例健康人为对照组,比较治疗前及治疗12周后对一氧化氮(NO)、内皮素-1(ET-1)及对肱动脉内皮依赖性舒张功能的影响.结果 与正常对照组相比,CSX患者NO水平明显降低,ET-1水平明显升高,血管内皮依赖性舒张功能受损(均P＜0.01).用药后贝那普利组较用药前NO明显升高(54.15±19.48)μmol/L vs(70.25±17.46)μmol/L(P＜0.01),地尔硫(艹卓)组用药后NO明显升高(55.69±16.32)μmol/L vs(59.17±14.92)μmol/L(P＜0.05).ET-1明显降低(70.61±6.22)ng/Lvs(55.18±4.71)ng/L(P＜0.01),血管内皮依赖性舒张功能改善(4.60±2.40)%vs(10.60±2.50)%(P＜0.01),地尔硫(艹卓)组较用药前ET-1明显降低(69.37±7.85)ng/L vs(62.94±6.38)ng/L(P＜0.05),血管内皮依赖性舒张功能改善(4.70±2.30)%vs(6.40±1.90)%(P＜0.05).结论 CSX患者存在血管内皮功能障碍,贝那普利与地尔硫(艹卓)均能改善CSX患者的内皮功能,且较地尔硫(艹卓)更为有效.     

急性冠状动脉综合征患者血浆妊娠相关蛋白酶A与脂联素、瘦素含量变化的关系

目的 探讨急性冠状动脉综合征患者血浆妊娠相关蛋白酶A(PAPP-A)与脂联素、瘦素含量变化及其在急性冠状动脉综合征发生过程中的意义.方法 80例急性冠状动脉综合征患者(A组)采用酶联免疫吸附测定法检测血浆PAPP-A、脂联素和瘦素含量,并与45例稳定型心绞痛患者(B组)和40例健康体检者(C组)进行比较.结果 A组血清脂联素含量显著低于B组与C组,(7.61±2.32)mg/L vs(10.36±2.28)mg/L、(14.32±3.24)mg/L(P＜0.01),B组血清脂联素含量低于C组(P＜0.01).A组血清瘦素含量高于B组与C组,(20.14±3.13)μg/L vs(13.36±2.32)μg/L、(9.23±2.44)μg/L(P＜0.01),B组血清瘦素含量高于C组(P＜0.01).A组PAPP-A水平明显高于B组与C组,(17.62±8.72)mU/L vs(11.21±3.75)mU/L、(8.31±5.21)mU/L(P＜0.01),B组PAPP-A水平高于C组(P＜0.01);急性冠状动脉综合征患者血浆PAPP-A与脂联素、瘦素含量之间存在相关性.结论 PAPP-A、脂联素和瘦素在急性冠状动脉综合症发病机制中发挥重要作用,PAPP-A与脂联素、瘦素含量之间存在相关性.     

血尿酸在不同类型冠心病发生中的作用机制

目的 探讨血尿酸在不同类型冠心病发生中的作用机制.方法 88例住院患者分为对照组、稳定型心绞痛(SA)组和急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)组,分别测定其血尿酸、血小板α-颗粒膜蛋白(GMP-140)、血管性假性血友病因子(vWF)、纤溶酶原激活物抑制物-1(PAI-1)、血栓素B_2(TXB_2)、C-反应蛋白(CRP).结果 (1)①UA、CRP:ACS组[(392.10±68.57)μmol/L、(42.2±39.4)mg/L]和SA组[(370.50±58.80)μmoL/L、(18.9±17.1)mg/L]均高于对照组[(286.00±65.31)μmol/L、(2.5±0.7)mg/L,P均＜0.05];UA在ACS组、SA组差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),ACS组CRP高于SA组(P＜0.05);②vWF、TXB_2:ACS组[(1.65±0.48)%、(19.73±18.66)ng/L]和SA组[(1.35±0.49)%、(11.18±10.71)ng/L]均高于对照组[(1.07±0.26)%、(6.46±5.41)ng/L,P均＜0.05],ACS组高于SA组(P均＜0.05);③GMP-140、PAI-1:ACS组[(13.04±0.99)μg/,L、(65.65±14.76)μg/L]和SA组[(12.55±0.74)μg/L、(62.69±12.24)μg/L]均高于对照组[(12.32±0.29)μg/L、(50.78±13.88)μg/L,P均＜0.05],ACS组与SA组间差异无统计学意义(P均＞0.05).④ACS组血尿酸升高者与血尿酸正常者CRP[(71.3±18.9)、(20.70±17.9)mg/L]、vWF[(1.08±0.52)%、(0.84±0.54)%]、GMP-140[(13.57±1.11)、(13.23±1.07)μg/L]、TXB_2[(57.26±47.84)、(26.70±23.83)ng/L]、PAI-1[(72.12±9.23)、(61.30±12.07)μg/L]差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为7.394、0.008、0.227、7.605、0.421,P均＜0.05),SA组血尿酸升高者与血尿酸正常者CRP[(31.1±18.9)、(10.9±10.1)mg/L]、TXB_2[(21.54±3.90)、(5.02±4.93)ng/L]差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为0.494、8.669,P均＜0.05).(2)Logistic逐步回归分析:与急性冠状动脉综合征相关的因素有UA、CRP、PAI-1、PT、TG(OR值分别为1.046、7.615、1.301、0.300和2.243,P均＜0.05).结论 血尿酸升高是影响冠心病发生、发展的重要危险因素.血尿酸升高可能通过损害血管内皮功能、激活血小板、影响凝血和纤溶功能、引发炎症反应参与不同类型冠心病的发生与发展.     

急性脑血管病患者血浆一氧化氮和内皮素含量测定

通过观测正常人和急性脑血管病患者的血浆一氧化氮 (NO)和内皮素 (ET)水平 ,探求NO和ET在急性脑血管病发作过程中的病理生理意义。方法　用Green’s法测定血浆NO ,用放射免疫法测定血浆ET。结果　正常对照组 (A组 ) 2 4例 ,平均血浆NO 2 6 5 2± 2 5 1μmol/L ,ET 45 81± 11 2 1ng/L ;脑出血组 (B组 ) 2 7例 ,平均血浆NO 18 12± 4 14μmol/L ,ET132 41± 2 1 0 5ng/L ;脑梗死组 (C组 ) 4 2例 ,平均血浆NO 18 0 0± 3 12 μmol/L ,ET 12 9± 9 37ng/L。与A组相比较 ,B组和C组均有NO显著降低 (P <0 0 5 ) ,ET显著升高 (P <0 0 1) ;B组与C组之间无显著差异 (P >0 0 5 )。结论　在急性脑血管病发作过程中 ,血浆NO和ET的含量变化 ,可能促进了疾病的发生和发展     

大肠癌患者手术前后血清可溶性细胞间粘附分子-1和血管内皮生长因子检测的临床意义

目的 观察大肠癌患者手术治疗前后可溶性细胞间粘附分子-1（sICAM-1）和血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）水平的变化,分析与大肠癌临床病理因素的关系.方法 采用双抗体夹心法测定35例大肠癌患者手术前后血清sICAM-1和VEGF,并与35名健康成年人（对照组）作比较.结果 大肠癌患者手术前血清sICAM-1和VEGF分别为（230.78±61.22）μg/L和（310.15±51.56）ng/L,明显高于对照组的（151.22±51.61）μg/L和（137.33±60.21）ng/L（P均〈0.01）;且C期[（238.83±60.17）μg/L和（330.15±50.13）ng/L]高于A＋B期[（216.78±53.11）μg/L和（301.11±49.06）ng/L],淋巴结转移组[（251.01±59.27）μg/L和（318.78±52.33）ng/L]高于无淋巴结转移组[（220.13±63.19）μg/L和（293.66±41.98）ng/L]（P均〈0.05）;手术后6个月复发组与未复发组血清sICAM-1和VEGF分别为（220.16 4±54.46）μg/L和（307.11±47.88）ng/L对（173.06±60.13）μg/L和（146.28±51.26）ng/L（P均〈0.05）;复发者血清sICAM-1和VEGF水平持续异常,未复发者血清sICAI-1和VEGF水平恢复正常.结论 大肠癌患者血清中sICAM-1和VEGF的水平与大肠癌的Dukes分期和淋巴结转移有关,其水平的变化反映术后有否复发,可作为判断肿瘤发展程度、转移状况以及预后的指标之一.     

分化型甲状腺癌术后复发或转移患者血清内皮抑素和血管内皮生长因子水平变化及临床意义

目的 分析分化型甲状腺癌术后复发或转移患者血清内皮抑素(ES)和血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的水平变化及临床意义.方法 收集2014年1月至2016年1月我院收治的分化型甲状腺癌患者73例(病例组),均行甲状腺癌根治术,根据术后有无局部复发或者远处转移分为远处转移组(32例)、局部复发组(23例)和未复发组(18例).另选取门诊健康体检者40名作为对照组.比较各组受试者的血清ES、VEGF水平,并分析其相关性.结果 术前病例组血清 ES[(31.27 ± 7.53)μg/L]、VEGF [(456.81±112.49)ng/L]水平均明显高于对照组[(20.93±4.14)μg/L、(118.27±34.09)ng/L],差异均有统计学意义(t 值分别为8.034、18.540,P<0.05);病例组术后血清 ES[(25.76 ± 6.69)μg/L]、VEGF [(217.64±56.87)ng/L]水平均明显低于术前,差异均有统计学意义(t 值分别为4.674、16.212,P<0.05);远处转移组血清ES[(44.56±9.34)μg/L]、VEGF[(789.24±194.63)ng/L]水平均明显高于局部复发组[(36.29±8.52)μg/L、(612.07±186.32)ng/L]和未复发组[(28.03±7.16)μg/L、(268.95±79.82) ng/L],3组间比较差异均有统计学意义(F值分别为14.052、15.346,P<0.05);局部复发组又高于未复发组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);相关性分析结果显示,复发及转移患者血清ES、VEGF与甲状腺球蛋白均呈显著性正相关(r=0.583、r=0.726,P<0.05).结论 分化型甲状腺癌术后复发或转移患者血清ES、VEGF均明显升高,在评估分化型甲状腺癌患者术后复发或转移中具有一定临床价值.     

代谢综合征患者血清脂联素及肿瘤坏死因子-α与内皮损害的关系

目的 研究代谢综合征(MS)患者血清脂联素及肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)与内皮损害的关系.方法 选取满足MS诊断条件的患者为病例组(105例),并根据血浆假性血友病因子水平将病例组分为MS内皮功能正常组(57例)和MS内皮功能异常组(48例),无MS特征者为正常对照组(37例).酶联免疫吸附试验法测定所有个体的血清脂联素,放射免疫法测定TNF-α.结果 正常对照组脂联素(10.5±3.2)mg/L显著高于MS内皮功能正常组(7.9±2.2)mg/L和MS内皮功能异常组(6.5±2.5)mg/L,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05),TNF-α(0.17±0.04)μg/L显著低于MS内皮功能正常组(0.19±0.05)μg/L和MS内皮功能异常组(0.23±0.05)μg/L,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05);脂联素与TNF-α呈负相关(r=-0.555,P<0.01);Logistic回归分析显示:TNF-α为内皮损害的危险因素(OR=20.649,P=0.035),脂联素为保护因素(OR=0.340,P=0.006).结论 脂联素水平降低和TNF-α水平升高可能与代谢综合征患者内皮功能损害相关.     

2型糖尿病患者血清抵抗素水平与血管内皮功能紊乱的关系

目的 探讨2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者血清抵抗素水平与血管内皮功能紊乱的关系.方法 测定60例T2DM患者及30例健康人(正常对照组)血清中抵抗素、血管性血友病因子(vWF)、C反应蛋白(CRP)及一氧化氮(NO)的水平,分别将以上检测结果进行比较.结果 T2DM组血清抵抗素、vWF、CRP水平均高于正常对照组,分别为(11.56±5.56)μg/L和(7.89±1.73)μg/L;(134.21±42.75)%和(105.99±29.03)%;(6.67±6.30)mg/L和(4.08±1.08)mg/L(P＜0.01),而NO低于正常对照组(53.22±17.98)μmol/L和(69.73±21.96)μmol/L(P＜0.01);其中抵抗素与vWF、CRP呈正相关(r分别为0.32、0.42,均P＜0.05),与NO呈负相关(r为-0.47,P＜0.01);多元逐步回归分析显示血清NO、vWF、CRP分别与抵抗素存在显著的相关性(均P＜0.05).结论 血清抵抗素水平可能与T2DM患者血管内皮功能紊乱有关,是预测T2DM血管并发症有价值的指标.     

血浆内皮素和一氧化氮以及血管内皮生长因子对2型糖尿病视网膜病变的影响

目的 探讨2型糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)患者血浆中内皮素(ET)、一氧化氮(NO)和血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的变化.方法 选择2型糖尿病患者80例,其中有视网膜病变53例(DR组),无视网膜病变27例(NDR组),另设健康对照者30名作为对照组.采用酶联免疫吸附双抗体夹心法测定其血浆ET和VEGF,硝酸还原法测定NO,并检测空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白、胆固醇、甘油三酯.结果 DR组患者血浆ET为(80.68±13.57)mg/L,高于NDR组[(65.33±11.24)mg/L]及对照组[(45.25±9.06)mg/L],差异均有统计学意义(P均＜0.01);DR组NO为(69.82±14.89)μmol/L,明显高于对照组[(37.85±9.11)μmol/L],但低于NDR组[(77.52±18.56)μmol/L],差异均有统计学意义(P均＜0.05);DR组VEGF[(110.52±25.65)μg/L]高于对照组[(82.42±18.47)μg/L]及NDR组[(97.55±25.61)μg/L],差异均有统计学意义(P均＜0.05).结论 ET、NO和VEGF可能参与了2型糖尿病视网膜病变的发生与发展.

Abstract：

Objective To study the changes of endothelin,nitric oxide and vascular endothelial growth factor level in patients with type 2 diabetic retinopathy (DR). Methods Eighty diabetes patients (53 with diabetic retinopathy and 27 without). Another 30 healthy volunteers were recruited as control. Plasma ET and VEGF levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. NO levels were measured by nitrate reductase method. Results Plasma levels of ET were higher in patients with type 2 diabetes with DR (DR)(80. 68 ± 13.57) mg/L than (65. 33 ± 11.24) mg/L, (45.25 ±9. 06) mg/L, in control and in type 2 diabetes patients without DR (NDR) (Ps ＜ 0, 01 ). Plasna levels of NO in DR group (69. 82 ± 14. 89) μmol/L were higher than (37. 85 ±-9. 11 ) μmol'L, in control group,but lower than (77.52 ±± 18.56) μmol/L in NDR group (Ps ＜ 0. 05 ). Plasma levels of VEGF ( 110. 52 ± 25.65 ) μg/L in DR were significantly increased compared with control (82.42 ± 18. 47 ) μg/L, and NDR(97.55 ±25.61)μg/L, (Ps ＜0.05).Conclusion ET, NO and VEGF may be involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetic retinopathy.     

银杏提取物对急性肾小球肾炎患者血浆内皮素和P-选择素变化的影响

目的:观察急性肾小球肾炎(AGN)患者血浆内皮素(ET)和P-选择素的变化特点及银杏提取物对其的影响。方法:将72例AGN患者(AGN组)分为一般治疗组(A组)34例和银杏提取物治疗组(B组)38例,同时以健康体检者20例作对照组(C组)。A组给予基础治疗,B组在基础治疗上加用银杏提取物。分别检测治疗前后血浆ET和P-选择素水平的变化。结果:AGN组患者ET和P-选择素水平显著高于对照组[(147.56±50.65)ng∕Lvs(52.27±7.56)ng∕L,Р<0.01;(84.50±18.20)μg/Lvs(10.26±5.24)μg∕L,Р<0.01]。AGN患者ET与P-选择素呈正相关(r=0.705,Р<0.01)。A组患者治疗后ET和P-选择素的水平较治疗前差异无统计学意义(Р>0.05)。治疗后与治疗前比较,B组ET和P-选择素的水平明显下降[(99.77±43.40)ng/Lvs(147.56±48.25)ng∕L,Р<0.01;(54.07±15.75)μg∕Lvs(83.30±16.28)μg∕L,Р<0.01];B组平均住院时间较A组明显缩短[(13.26±4.77)dvs(21.27±6.55)d,Р<0.01]。结论:血浆ET和P-选择素参与了AGN的发病过程,银杏提取物对AGN有一定的治疗作用。     

Determination of creatine kinase isoenzyme MB activity in serum using immunological inhibition of creatine kinase M subunit activity. Activity kinetics and diagnostic significance in myocardial infarction.

This is a new method for the determination of creatine kinase isoenzyme MB activity in serum. The method uses direct activity measurement of creatine kinase B subunit activity after blocking of CK-M subunit activity by inhibiting antibodies. The test takes no longer than 15 min. The method yields an intra-serial C.V. of 2.0-12.9%, and a C.V. from day to day of 5.5%. The detection limit is 3.4 U/l creatine kinase MB. In the 95 cases with proven myocardial infarction several types of creatine kinase MB activity kinetics could be determined. The percentage of creatine kinase MB of peak CK-total is 6-25%, with a mean of 11.1%. The amount of creatine kinase MB with respect to total CK activity after reinfarction is higher than the amount after initial infarction.     

Dissociable correlates of two classes of retrieval processing in prefrontal cortex

Although substantial evidence suggests that the prefrontal cortex (PFC) implements processes that are critical for accurate episodic memory judgments, the specific roles of different PFC subregions remain unclear. Here, we used event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging to distinguish between prefrontal activity related to operations that (1) influence processing of retrieval cues based on current task demands, or (2) are involved in monitoring the outputs of retrieval. Fourteen participants studied auditory words spoken by a male or female speaker and completed memory tests in which the stimuli were unstudied foil words and studied words spoken by either the same speaker at study, or the alternate speaker. On "general" test trials, participants were to determine whether each word was studied, regardless of the voice of the speaker, whereas on "specific" test trials, participants were to additionally distinguish between studied words that were spoken in the same voice or a different voice at study. Thus, on specific test trials, participants were explicitly required to attend to voice information in order to evaluate each test item. Anterior (right BA 10), dorsolateral prefrontal (right BA 46), and inferior frontal (bilateral BA 47/12) regions were more active during specific than during general trials. Activation in anterior and dorsolateral PFC was enhanced during specific test trials even in response to unstudied items, suggesting that activation in these regions was related to the differential processing of retrieval cues in the two tasks. In contrast, differences between specific and general test trials in inferior frontal regions (bilateral BA 47/12) were seen only for studied items, suggesting a role for these regions in post-retrieval monitoring processes. Results from this study are consistent with the idea that different PFC subregions implement distinct, but complementary processes that collectively support accurate episodic memory judgments.     

俯卧位通气对高海拔地区肺复张治疗无效急性呼吸窘迫综合征患者氧合的影响

目的 探讨俯卧位通气对高海拔地区肺复张术(RM)治疗无效急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)患者的治疗作用.方法 从海拔2260m的地区医院筛选RM治疗无效的41例ARDS患者[平均氧合指数( PaO2/FiO2)较RM前升高＜20％视为RM无效],依不同病因分为肺内源性ARDS组(ARDSp组)和肺外源性ARDS组(ARDSexp组),每组再按信封法随机分为俯卧位组和仰卧位组,即ARDSp俯卧位组(11例)、ARDSp仰卧位组(9例)、ARDSexp俯卧位组(10例)、ARDSexp仰卧位组(11例).在通气前及通气1、2、3、4h监测动脉血氧分压( PaO2)、PaO2/FiO2、静态顺应性(Cst)、气道阻力(Raw)的变化.结果 通气lh时,ARDSexp俯卧位组PaO2/FiO2( mm Hg,l mm Hg=0.133 kPa)即较通气前显著升高(157.4±40.6比129.3±48.7,P＜0.05),并随通气时间延长呈持续增高趋势,4h达峰值(219.1 ±41.1);且ARDSexp俯卧位组通气3h内PaO2/FiO2较其他3组显著增高,另3组间则差异无统计学意义.ARDSp俯卧位组、ARDSexp俯卧位组通气4h时PaO2/FiO2均较相应仰卧位组显著增高(208.8±39.7比127.4±47.1,219.1±41.1比124.9±50.8,均P＜0.05).4组通气前后Cst无显著改变,各组间差异也无统计学意义.ARDSp俯卧位组通气4h时Raw(cmH2O·L-1·s-1)较通气前显著降低(6.8±1.7比10.7±1.8,P＜0.05),且明显低于其他3组;其他3组各时间点Raw组内及组间比较差异均无统计学意义.结论 俯卧位通气作为ARDS机械通气重要策略之一,可以改善RM无效高原ARDS患者的氧合,为抢救患者赢得宝贵的时间.     

Digital imaging among medical facilities

The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) in the USA operates a network of 172 medical centres which all utilize a hospital information system (HIS) which has been developed and is currently maintained by the VA. During the past several years, an image management and communication module has been developed, installed and clinically utilized at the Washington DC and Maryland VA Medical Centres. This image management and communication system, referred to as the decentralized hospital computer program (DHCP) imaging system, is fully integrated with a commercial picture archiving and communication system (PACS). The system is utilized to capture, archive, and display all images generated within the hospital including radiology, nuclear medicine, pathology, endoscopy, bronchoscopy, and dermatology, intraoperative photographs, ECG data, and a limited number of paper documents. The ultimate goal of the project is to have all patient text and image data available at any clinical workstation to any authorized user anywhere within the network of medical centres. Clinical requirements for an imaging workstation include ease of use, rapid and reliable access to the complete set of patient information, and images which are of acceptable quality to meet the requirements of the user and the subspecialty. Patient confidentiality and data security must be safeguarded at all times. Integration of the images with the remainder of the patient's database was found to be critical to the success of the project. The experience at the Washington and Maryland facilities suggests that an imaging system that is successfully integrated with a hospital information system can provide substantial clinical and economic benefits both within and among medical centres. Clinical acceptance and utilization of the system has been excellent, particularly in diagnostic radiology where DHCP Imaging has been interfaced to a commercial PAC system. Based upon this initial experience, the VA has begun to deploy the system throughout its large network of medical centres.     

Myocardial elastography at both high temporal and spatial resolution for the detection of infarcts

Myocardial elastography is a novel method for noninvasively assessing regional myocardial function, with the advantages of high spatial and temporal resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In this paper, in-vivo experiments were performed in anesthetized normal and infarcted mice (one day after left anterior descending coronary artery [LAD] ligation) using a high-resolution (30 MHz) ultrasound system (Vevo 770, VisualSonics Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada). Radiofrequency (RF) signals of the left ventricle (LV) in longitudinal (long-axis) view and the associated electrocardiogram (ECG) were simultaneously acquired. Using a retrospective ECG gating technique, 2-D full field-of-view RF frames were acquired at an extremely high frame rate (8 kHz) that resulted in high-quality incremental displacement and strain estimation of the myocardium. The incremental results were further accumulated to obtain the cumulative displacements and strains. Two-dimensional and M-mode displacement images and strain images (elastograms), as well as displacement and strain profiles as a function of time, were compared between normal and infarcted mice. Incremental results clearly depicted cardiac events including LV contraction, LV relaxation and isovolumetric phases in both normal and infarcted mice, and also evidently indicated reduced motion and deformation in the infarcted myocardium. The elastograms indicated that the infarcted regions underwent thinning during systole rather than thickening, as in the normal case. The cumulative elastograms were found to have higher elastographic SNR (SNR(e)) than the incremental elastograms (e.g., 10.6 vs. 4.7 in a normal myocardium, and 6.0 vs. 2.4 in an infarcted myocardium). Finally, preliminary statistical results from nine normal (m = 9) and seven infarcted (n = 7) mice indicated the capability of the cumulative strain in differentiating infracted from normal myocardia. In conclusion, myocardial elastography could provide regional strain information at simultaneously high temporal (>/=0.125 ms) and spatial ( approximately 55 microm) resolution as well as high precision ( approximately 0.05 microm displacement). This technique was thus capable of accurately characterizing normal myocardial function throughout an entire cardiac cycle, at the same high resolution, and detecting and localizing myocardial infarction in vivo.     

手转胎头术失败的原因与分娩结局临床分析

目的 探讨手转胎头术失败的原因与分娩结局.方法 选择2008年1月至2010年12月于我院住院分娩的持续性枕横位、枕后位产妇198例,根据行手转胎头术后结果分为成功组126例、失败组72例.比较两组分娩结局,对比分析失败原因.结果 失败组胎儿体质量≥3500 g的发生率[76.4％(55/72)]明显高于成功组[31.7％(40/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=30.177,P=0.001)、失败组宫缩乏力发生率[58.3％(42/72)]高于成功组[38.1％ (48/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=7.569,P=0.006)、失败组骨盆临界或轻度狭窄发生率[38.9％ (28/72)]高于成功组[23.8％(30/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2 =5.030,P=0.002)、失败组手转胎头时机不当(宫口开大＜6 cm、胎头位于坐骨棘上及宫口开大8～10 cm、胎头位于坐骨棘下≥2 cm)发生率[61.1％(44/72)]高于成功组[38.9％(49/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=9.084,P=0.003).失败组母儿并发症(产后出血、产褥病率、胎儿窘迫、新生儿窒息)发生率高于成功组(x2 =9.586,P=0.002、x2=9.334,P=0.002、x2=5.910,P=0.015、x2=5.240,P=0.022)、失败组剖宫产发生率[72.2％(52/72)]明显高于成功组[34.1 ％(43/126),x2=26.641,P=0.001)].结论 手转胎头术能使难产变顺产,降低剖宫产率,减少母儿并发症,但须积极预防、处理导致手转胎头术失败的原因,对矫正失败后继续矫正及试产应慎重.