双源CT自适应前瞻性心电门控自由心率冠状动脉成像对图像质量及辐射剂量的影响

【摘要】目的：探讨双源CT自适应前瞻性心电门控自由心率下冠状动脉成像(CTCA)对图像质量及辐射剂量的影响。方法：选取150例疑诊冠心病的自由心率（心律变异≤5次/分）患者,按心率高低分为A、B、C三组,A组心率＜75bpm,B组心率为75～90bpm,C组心率＞90bpm;三组均采用双源CT自适应前瞻性心电门控序列扫描,其中A组中有13例、B组有18例、C组有11例在CTCA检查后一周内进行了冠状动脉造影(CAG)检查;计算三组患者冠状动脉节段可评价率(可评价血管节段数/总节段数)、图像质量及辐射剂量;以CAG为金标准,计算三组CTCA诊断冠状动脉狭窄的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值。结果：A、B、C三组CTCA冠脉可评价率分别为97.6%（649/664）、96.9%（928/958）、95.2%（660/693）,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;三组图像质量评分分别为（4.69±0.48）、（4.56±0.44）、（4.74±0.47）分,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;三组平均有效辐射剂量分别为（5.98±0.19）、（5.00±0.18）、（4.10±0.17）mSv,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;A组CTCA诊断冠状动脉狭窄的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为86.0％、94.0％、82.4％、95.2％,B组分别为90.5％、94.8％、83.8％、97.1％,C组分别为84.4％、96.70％、90.5％、94.4％。结论：双源CT自适应前瞻性心电门控序列自由心率患者CTCA均可获得满足诊断要求的图像质量,并能准确评估冠状动脉狭窄程度,其辐射剂量随心率增高而降低。     

双源CT自适应前瞻性心电门控序列扫描技术在高心率患者低剂量冠状动脉成像中的应用价值

目的 评价双源CT自适应前瞻性心电门控序列扫描技术在高心率患者低剂量冠状动脉成像(CTCA)中的应用价值.方法 80例疑诊冠心病行双源CT冠状动脉成像的高心率患者,按随机数字表分成A、B两组:A组(40例)行自适应前瞻性心电门控序列扫描,B组行常规回顾性心电门控螺旋扫描.所有患者CTCA检查后2周内均行常规冠状动脉造影(CAG).采用x2检验比较A、B两组冠状动脉节段可评价率;采用两独立样本t检验评价A、B两组冠状动脉成像质量评分、辐射剂量的差异;以CAG为金标准,分别评价A、B两组CTCA诊断冠状动脉狭窄的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值,并用Kappa检验评价两组CTCA与CAG检查对冠状动脉狭窄度评估的一致性.结果 A、B两组CTCA图像质量评分分别为1.66±0.45、1.68±0.56,两组之间差异无统计学意义(=0.58、P=0.575);A、B两组CTCA冠状动脉可评价率分别为95.5％ (548/574)、95.2％ (541/568),差异无统计学意义(x2 =0.03,P=O.857);A、B两组CTCA诊断冠状动脉狭窄的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别是86.9％、86.6％;97.2％、97.4％;91.2％、92.8％;95.8％、94.9％;A、B两组CTCA与CAG诊断冠状动脉狭窄度的一致性均具有统计学意义(Kappa=0.856、0.853);A、B两组平均有效辐射剂量分别是(4.63±0.95) mSy、(12.67±1.94) mSv,差异有统计学意义(f=23.54,P=0.000).结论 采用双源CT自适应前瞻性心电门控序列扫描技术对高心率且心律规整患者行CTCA可获得较高的图像质量,并能准确评估冠状动脉狭窄度,同时显著降低了辐射剂量,可作为常规技术在同类机型上予以推广.     

前瞻性心电门控技术在双源CT冠状动脉成像中的应用价值

目的:比较双源CT冠状动脉成像(CTCA)前瞻性心电门控与回顾性心电门控扫描的辐射剂量及图像质量。方法:以相同纳入标准,选取50例行前瞻性心电门控扫描的患者作为前瞻门控组,另选取50例行回顾性心电门控的患者作为回顾门控组。由两名CT医师分别对两组CTCA图像进行评估。记录并比较两组患者一般临床资料、辐射剂量及图像质量评分。结果:两组患者性别、年龄、体重指数、平均心率、心率波动、扫描范围差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。前瞻门控组有效辐射剂量(3.80±0.46)mSv,回顾门控组有效辐射剂量(20.64±3.14)mSv,两组差异具有统计学意义(P<0.001)。两组图像质量的差异无统计学意义(2=1.166,P=0.761)。结论:前瞻性心电门控较回顾性心电门控技术能够在保证图像质量的同时明显降低辐射剂量。     

不同心率病人使用前瞻性心电门控DSCT冠状动脉成像诊断准确性比较研究

目的评价双源CT(DSCT)前瞻性心电门控触发冠状动脉成像对不同心率(HR)人群的诊断准确性。方法 103例可疑冠心病病人进行了DSCT前瞻性心电门控触发冠状     

双源CT前瞻性和回顾性心电门控冠状动脉成像对比研究

目的:通过对双源CT前瞻性与回顾性心电门控冠状动脉成像的图像质量和辐射剂量等比较,探讨双源CT前瞻性触发序列扫描技术在冠状动脉成像中的应用价值.方法:将110例行双源CT冠状动脉血管成像检查的患者随机分为2组,A组60例行前瞻性触发序列门控扫描,B组50例行回顾性心电门控螺旋扫描.入组标准为心率75次/min(bpm)以下,心率相对规整(波动≤10bpm).管电压根据体重质量指数(BMI)调整:BM1≥25kg/m2,120kV;BMI＜25kg/m2,100kV.记录扫描中患者所接受辐射剂量,并对其图像质量进行评分.分别采用Wilcoxon秩检验和两独立样本t检验对两组的图像质量和辐射剂量进行统计学分析.结果:A组图像质量平均评分为(3.74±0.51)分,平均有效剂量为(2.38±0.83) mSv;B组图像质量平均评分为(3.68±0.58)分,平均有效剂量为(9.49±3.38)mSv.A、B两组图像质量评分差异无统计学意义(Z =-1.891,P=0.059);有效剂量差异有统计学意义(t=-14.522,P＜0.001),降低约75％.结论:双源CT在心率低且稳定的患者中行前瞻性触发序列扫描能够显著降低辐射剂量,并且可以获得满足临床诊断的图像质量.     

心率对256层CT前瞻性心电门控冠状动脉成像质量的影响

目的：探讨心率对256层螺旋CT前瞻性心电门控冠状动脉成像质量的影响,并与回顾性心电门控进行对照分析。方法：156例患者行前瞻性心电门控冠状动脉检查,73例行回顾性心电门控冠状动脉检查,所有病例按心率分为＜60次/分,60～69次/分,70～79次/分,80～89次/分,90～99次/分及≥100次/分共6组。对所有冠...     

自适应前瞻性心电门控双源CT冠状动脉成像的初步研究

目的 探讨双源CT自适应前瞻性心电门控技术冠状动脉成像的可行性.方法 对31例患者行双源CT前瞻性心电门控技术冠状动脉成像.将患者分为2组:A组心率≤75次/min,选择R-R间期的70%扫描;B组心率＞75次/min,选择R-R间期的40%扫描.2名有经验的放射医师,利用双盲法、以4分法评定系统对冠状动脉15支分支血管成像质量进行评分,统计方法采用独立样本t检验.计算2组总CT剂量指数(CTDIvol)及有效剂量(ED)均值.结果 31例患者,共纳入分析的血管节段为437段,共有408支(93.4%)冠状动脉节段可满足影像学评价,29支(6.6%)冠状动脉节段不能满足影像学评价,其中A组共226个节段,12个节段(5.3%)不能评价,B组共211个节段,17个节段(8.1%)不能评价;31例患者冠状动脉均分3.57±0.64;其中A组冠状动脉均分(3.65±0.39)与B组冠状动脉均分(3.41±0.43)之间差异无统计学意义(t=1.62,P=0.12);在A、B 2组各段冠状动脉图像质量对照时,只有第10段2组图像质量差异有统计学意义(t=3.8,P＜0.05).CTDIvol均值为(18.88±5.04) mGy,有效剂量为(4.31±1.05) mSv.结论 双源CT自适应前瞻性心电门控冠状动脉成像技术在无需控制心率情况下可得到满足临床诊断的冠状动脉图像,加之低的辐射剂量有望成为冠状动脉CT成像常规的检查方法.     

前瞻性门控技术在双源CT冠状动脉成像中的应用

目的 评价前瞻性门控扫描技术减低X线辐射的效能及前瞻性门控低剂量扫描冠状动脉CT成像技术的应用价值.方法 通过使用双源64排CT机,对50例心率≤70次/min患者行前瞻性门控,50例心率≤70次/min及50例心率＞70次/min患者行回顾性门控扫描模式下冠状动脉CT成像,对成像质量和X线剂量进行对比研究,经统计学处理分析2种扫描模式冠状动脉CT成像的图像质量差异及X线剂量差异.结果 2种扫描模式下冠状动脉CT成像的图像质量差异无统计学意义,前瞻性门控组中图像质量积分3分以上均达98%以上,全部病例图像质量均能满足诊断要求;2种扫描模式下X线剂量参数总剂量长度乘积值、总有效剂量差异有统计学意义(P＜0.001); 前瞻性门控扫描较回顾性门控扫描下心率＞70次/min及心率≤70次/min的X线总有效剂量分别下降75.15%及79.56%.结论 当受检者心率≤70次/min时,可选择时间窗为R-R间期70%前瞻性门控扫描,图像质量优良,并且能大幅度降低冠状动脉成像X线辐射剂量.     

前瞻性心电门控心血管CTA在小儿先天性心脏病冠状动脉评估中的应用价值

目的 研究先天性心脏病（congenital heart disease,CHD）患儿进行前瞻性心电门控256-MSCT血管造影时冠状动脉的显示质量和辐射剂量。方法 93例CHD患儿纳入研究,按年龄分为A组 （<4个月）、B组（4个月≤年龄<3岁）、C组（3≤年龄<8岁）以及D组（8~15岁）。分析容积剂量指数（volumetric CT dose index,CTDI_vol）, 剂量长度乘积（dose-length product,DLP） 和有效剂量（effective dose,E）与年龄之间的相关性。对74例同时记录心率变化的患儿进行冠脉分析,运用4点评分法研究冠状动脉的检出率。记录信号值（signal）、噪声（noise）和对比噪声比（contrast-to-noise ratio,CNR）评价图像质量与年龄的关系以及不同年龄组间冠状动脉图像质量。结果 按11个节段分析法,冠状动脉总检出率为91%,左右冠状动脉起始、冠状动脉的近段、中段和远段检出率分别为100%、97%、92%和78%,不同年龄组间差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。A、B、C和D组的E值分别为1.8、1.3、0.8和 0.7 mSv,E与年龄间呈负相关性（r=-0.803, P < 0.01）。虽然DLP与年龄间无相关性（r=0.124, P > 0.05）,但是D组的数值高于其他年龄组。噪声与年龄间无相关性（r=0.041, P > 0.05）。信号、CNR和E值,（A+B）组均高于（C+D）组（t=3.386、2.073、3.825,P < 0.05）。结论 新一代256-MSCT对CHD儿童冠状动脉检测有优异的显示效果。虽然远段检出率较其他节段低,但是比以往有更好的检出,为小儿冠状动脉疾病的诊断提供一种高效选择。同时从辐射剂量的角度,大年龄儿童可尝试使用更低的管电压完成检查,3岁以下小儿童仍应慎重选择CT检查。     

前瞻性心电门控多期相重建在儿童冠状动脉CT检查中的应用

目的:探讨前瞻性心电门控多期相重建技术在儿童冠状动脉CT成像中的应用.方法:回顾性选取2017年6月-2018年5月在本院行冠状动脉CTA检查且心率为100～120次/分的60例患儿作为对照组,采用回顾性心电门控多相位扫描技术,重建40％、45％、50％、70％、75％和80％R-R间期的6组图像,选取其中冠状动脉成像...     

Low-dose adaptive sequential scan for dual-source CT coronary angiography in patients with high heart rate: Comparison with retrospective ECG gating

Purpose

To explore feasibility of dual-source CT (DS-CT) prospective ECG-gated coronary angiography in patients with heart rate (HR) higher than 70 beat per minute (bpm), and evaluate image quality and radiation dose with comparison to retrospective ECG-gated spiral scan.

Materials and methods

One hundred patients who underwent DS-CT coronary angiography (DS-CTCA) with mean HR higher than 70 bpm but below 110 bpm were enrolled in the study, 50 were scanned by adaptive sequential scan and another 50 were analyzed by retrospectively gated CT scan. The imaging quality of coronary artery segments in the two groups was evaluated using a four-point grading scale by two independent reviewers. Patient radiation dose was calculated by multiplying dose length product by conversion coefficient of 0.017.

Results

There was no significant difference between the two groups for mean HR (p = 0.305), HR variability (p = 0.103), body mass index (p = 0.472), and scan length (p = 0.208). There was good agreement for image quality scoring between the two reviewers (Kappa = 0.72). Coronary evaluability of adaptive sequential scan was 99.7% (608 of 610 segments), while that of retrospective gated scan was 98.7% (614 of 622 segments), showing similar coronary evaluability (p = 0.061). Effective doses of adaptive sequential scan and retrospective gated scan were 5.1 ± 1.6 and 11.8 ± 4.5 mSv, respectively (p < 0.001), showing that adaptive sequential scan reduced radiation dose by 57% compared with that of retrospective gated scan.

Conclusions

In patients with 70-110 bpm HR, DS-CTCA adaptive sequential scan shows similar image quality as retrospective ECG-gated spiral scan with 57% reduction of radiation dose.     

High-pitch spiral acquisition: A new scan mode for coronary CT angiography

Coronary CT angiography allows high-quality imaging of the coronary arteries when state-of-the-art CT systems are used. However, radiation exposure has been a concern. We describe a new scan mode that uses a very high-pitch spiral acquisition, “Flash Spiral,” which has been developed specifically for low-dose imaging with dual-source CT. The scan mode uses a pitch of 3.2 to acquire a spiral CT data set, while covering the entire volume of the heart in one cardiac cycle. Data acquisition is prospectively triggered by the electrocardiogram and starts in late systole to be completed within one cardiac cycle. Images are reconstructed with a temporal resolution that corresponds to one-quarter of the gantry rotation time. Throughout the data set, subsequent images are reconstructed at later time instants in the cardiac cycle. In a patient with a heart rate of 49 beats/min, the Flash Spiral scan mode was used with a first-generation dual-source CT system and allowed artifact-free visualization of the coronary arteries with a radiation exposure of 1.7 mSv for a 12-cm scan range at 120 kVp tube voltage.     

Low dose dual-source CT angiography in infants with complex congenital heart disease: a randomized study

Objectives

To investigate the radiation dose and image quality of prospective ECG-triggering dual-source CT angiography in infants with complex congenital heart disease (CHD) in comparison with retrospective ECG-gated scanning.

Methods

Ninety-six infants less than 1 year old (60/36 male/female, age: 4.8 ± 2.7 months, weight: 5.8 ± 1.8 kg) with complex CHD were enrolled. Three image acquisition protocols were set: group 1: 80 kV, 100 mA, retrospective ECG-gated protocol; group 2: 80 kV, 100 mA, prospective ECG-triggering protocol with acquisition window of 380 ms; group 3: 80 kV, 100 mA, prospective ECG-triggering protocol with acquisition window of 200 ms. Patients were selected to any one of the protocols randomly. The signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) were calculated in the ascending aorta and the pulmonary artery trunk. Image quality was assessed by a five-point score. A score of <3 represents non-diagnostic. Effective radiation dose (ED) was calculated.

Results

Image quality score of groups 1, 2 and 3 were 4.1 ± 0.4, 4.0 ± 0.6 and 4.2 ± 0.6 (p = 0.224). SNR of ascending aorta and pulmonary artery trunk among them had no statistical difference (all p > 0.05). The average ED (median) of groups 1, 2 and 3 were 1.17 ± 0.07 mSv (1.25 mSv), 0.72 ± 0.24 mSv (0.78 mSv) and 0.48 ± 0.41 mSv (0.39 mSv). Any two of the three groups had significant differences (all p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Prospective ECG-triggering DSCT angiography associated with a significantly lower ED than retrospective protocol, while maintaining image quality for diagnosis. Prospective ECG-triggering DSCT angiography could be used as a very important second-line diagnostic tool in infants with complex CHD.     

Iterative model reconstruction: Improved image quality of low-tube-voltage prospective ECG-gated coronary CT angiography images at 256-slice CT

Objectives

To investigate the effects of a new model-based type of iterative reconstruction (M-IR) technique, the iterative model reconstruction, on image quality of prospectively gated coronary CT angiography (CTA) acquired at low-tube-voltage.

Methods

Thirty patients (16 men, 14 women; mean age 52.2 ± 13.2 years) underwent coronary CTA at 100-kVp on a 256-slice CT. Paired image sets were created using 3 types of reconstruction, i.e. filtered back projection (FBP), a hybrid type of iterative reconstruction (H-IR), and M-IR. Quantitative parameters including CT-attenuation, image noise, and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were measured. The visual image quality, i.e. graininess, beam-hardening, vessel sharpness, and overall image quality, was scored on a 5-point scale. Lastly, coronary artery segments were evaluated using a 4-point scale to investigate the assessability of each segment.

Results

There was no significant difference in coronary arterial CT attenuation among the 3 reconstruction methods. The mean image noise of FBP, H-IR, and M-IR images was 29.3 ± 9.6, 19.3 ± 6.9, and 12.9 ± 3.3 HU, respectively, there were significant differences for all comparison combinations among the 3 methods (p < 0.01). The CNR of M-IR was significantly better than of FBP and H-IR images (13.5 ± 5.0 [FBP], 20.9 ± 8.9 [H-IR] and 39.3 ± 13.9 [M-IR]; p < 0.01). The visual scores were significantly higher for M-IR than the other images (p < 0.01), and 95.3% of the coronary segments imaged with M-IR were of assessable quality compared with 76.7% of FBP- and 86.9% of H-IR images.

Conclusions

M-IR can provide significantly improved qualitative and quantitative image quality in prospectively gated coronary CTA using a low-tube-voltage.     

Comparison of radiation dose,contrast enhancement and image quality of prospective ECG-Gated CT coronary angiography: Single versus dual source CT

IntroductionThe updated National Institute of Clinical Excellence (NICE) guidelines of 2017 state that new generation cardiac CT scanners (Aquilion ONE, Brilliance iCT, Discovery CT750 HD and Somatom Definition Flash) are recommended as an option for first-line imaging of the coronary arteries in people with suspected stable coronary artery disease (with an estimated likelihood of coronary artery disease of 10–29%) in whom imaging with earlier generation CT scanners is difficult. New generation cardiac CT scanners are also recommended as an option for first-line evaluation of disease progression, to establish need for revascularisation in people with known coronary artery disease in whom imaging with earlier generation CT scanners is difficult. CT scanning might not be necessary in situations in which immediate revascularisation is being considered. The European Society of Cardiology 2019 clinical practice guidelines recommend non-invasive functional imaging for myocardial ischaemia or coronary CT angiography (CTA) as the initial test to diagnose CAD in symptomatic patients in whom obstructive CAD cannot be excluded by clinical assessment alone. Given increased computed tomography coronary angiogram (CTCA) utilisation, radiation dose, contrast enhancement and image quality of prospective ECG-gated CTCA between 256-slice single-source and 192x2-slice dual-source CT scanners were retrospectively evaluated.MethodsProspectively gated CTCA data from 63 patients on a 256-slice CT (group A) and 71 patients on a 192x2-slice dual source CT (group B) from January to December 2016 were retrospectively evaluated respectively. Scanner-reported dose length product values were used with a conversion factor (k = 0.014 mSv/mGy x cm) to estimate effective dose. Contrast enhancement was assessed with mean CT attenuation at selected regions of interest on axial coronary images. Image quality of the coronary arteries was assessed by a 4-point grading score (1 = non-diagnostic, 4 = excellent image quality).ResultsThe radiation doses in group B were significantly lower than group A (3.68 + 2.13 mSv versus 4.81 + 1.56 mSv, p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in contrast enhancement in the left coronary artery, proximal right coronary artery and left ventricular wall for both groups. Vessel image quality scores for group B were higher than group A (right coronary artery (RCA): 3.2 + 0.7 versus 2.4 + 0.7, p < 0.001; left anterior descending (LAD) artery: 3.0 + 0.8 vs 2.5 + 0.6, p < 0.001; left circumflex (LCx) artery: 3.3 + 0.7 vs 2.6 + 0.6, p < 0.001). Coronary artery contour scores for group B were significantly higher than group A (RCA: 3.2 + 0.8 versus 2.3 + 0.7, p < 0.001; LAD: 3.0 + 0.7 versus 2.4 + 0.6, p < 0.001; LCx: 3.3 + 0.6 versus 2.5 + 0.6, p < 0.001).ConclusionProspective ECG-gated CTCA performed on 192x2-slice CT results in better image quality and lower radiation dose than 256-slice CT. There were no significant differences in contrast enhancement in left main coronary artery (LMCA), proximal RCA and left ventricular wall in both groups.Implications for practiceIn institutions with both 256-slice and 192x2-slice CT scanners, we recommend that CTCAs be preferentially performed using the 192x2-slice CT scanner.     

Image quality on dual-source computed-tomographic coronary angiography

Multi-detector CT reliably permits visualization of coronary arteries, but due to the occurrence of motion artefacts at heart rates >65 bpm caused by a temporal resolution of 165 ms, its utilisation has so far been limited to patients with a preferably low heart rate. We investigated the assessment of image quality on computed tomography of coronary arteries in a large series of patients without additional heart rate control using dual-source computed tomography (DSCT). DSCT (Siemens Somatom Definition, 83-ms temporal resolution) was performed in 165 consecutive patients (mean age 64 +/- 11.4 years) after injection of 60-80 ml of contrast. Data sets were reconstructed in 5% intervals of the cardiac cycle and evaluated by two readers in consensus concerning evaluability of the coronary arteries and presence of motion and beam-hardening artefacts using the AHA 16-segment coronary model. Mean heart rate during CT was 65 +/- 10.5 bpm; visualisation without artefacts was possible in 98.7% of 2,541 coronary segments. Only two segments were considered unevaluable due to cardiac motion; 30 segments were unassessable due to poor signal-to-noise ratio or coronary calcifications (both n = 15). Data reconstruction at 65-70% of the cardiac cycle provided for the best image quality. For heart rates >85 bpm, a systolic reconstruction at 45% revealed satisfactory results. Compared with earlier CT generations, DSCT provides for non-invasive coronary angiography with diagnostic image quality even at heart rates >65 bpm and thus may broaden the spectrum of patients that can be investigated non-invasively.     

256层螺旋CT冠状动脉成像“双低”扫描的临床应用

目的：探讨256层螺旋CT低管电压、低对比剂用量（“双低”）扫描在冠状动脉疾病诊断中的应用价值。方法52例临床疑诊冠状动脉疾病于本院行256层螺旋CT前瞻性心电门控冠状动脉成像双低扫描（管电压80kV ,对比剂用量0．8ml/kg）的患者资料（A组）,均采用迭代重建算法iDose 5进行图像重建;50例行64层螺旋CT常规冠状动脉成像的患者资料作为对照组（B组）,两组患者均行传统冠状动脉血管造影（CCG ）检查。2名有经验的放射科医师按照15段分段法采用4级图像质量评分法评价两组患者的冠状动脉图像质量,并记录对比剂用量及辐射剂量,以CCG为准,评估两组冠状动脉C T成像的诊断准确率。结果所有患者均成功完成256层CT及64层CT 冠状动脉成像。A组患者共显示冠状动脉677节段,以CCG为标准,敏感度为94．5％,特异度为97．4％,阳性预测值为92．7％,阴性预测值为98．0％,诊断准确率为96．6％。B组冠脉成像患者共显示冠状动脉631节段,敏感度为89．1％,特异度为96．4％,阳性预测值为89．9％,阴性预测值为96．1％,诊断准确率为94．5％。两组患者的平均对比剂用量分别为56．8ml和82．2ml ,辐射剂量分别为1．46mSv和8．37mSv。结论256层螺旋CT低管电压冠脉成像技术结合低对比剂用量及迭代重建算法可实现冠状动脉成像的“双低”扫描,与CAG对比有很好的一致性。     

双源CT冠状动脉造影MinDose技术的应用价值

目的 探讨MinDose技术在双源CT冠状动脉造影中的辐射剂量及对图像质量的影响.方法 连续选取120例患者进行双源CT冠状动脉造影,将患者随机分成A1和A2组,每组60例.A1组ECG-Pulsing预设窗外管电流降为最大管电流的20%,A2组窗外管电流应用MinDose技术降为4%.然后对A1和A2组的图像质量、图像噪声、容积CT剂量指数(CTDIvol)和有效剂量(E)进行评估.结果 A1和A2两组图像质量评分分别为4.6±0.3和4.5±0.5,差异无统计学意义(t=0.2,P＞0.05).A1和A2两组平均容积CT剂量指数(CTDIvol)分别为(40.2±9.6)和(36.4±9.1)mGy,有效剂量(E)分别为(9.1±2.2)和(8.1±1.9)mSv,差异均有统计学意义(t=2.2、2.7,P＜0.05).结论 应用MinDose技术不仅可以明显降低辐射剂量,而且能满足诊断要求.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the radiation dose and image quality of MinDose techniques in dual-source CT coronary artery angiography.Methods 120 consecutive patients undergoing cardiac CT scans were randomly assigned into 2 groups: Group A1 with the tube current reduced to 20% of the normal tube current outside the pulsing window,and Group A2 with the tube current reduced to 4% of the normal tube current outside the pulsing window (MinDose).The image quality,noise,volume CT dose index (CTDIvol),and effective dose (E) of these two groups were evaluated.Results The mean score of imaging quality of Group A1 was (4.3 ± 0.3 ),not significantly different from that of Group A2 [(4.5 ±0.4),t=0.16,P＞0.05].The value of CTDIvol of Group A1 was (40.2 ±9.6) mGy,significantly higher than that of Group A2 [( 36.4 ± 9.1 ) mGy,t = 3.2,P ＜ 0.05].The E value of Group A1 was (9.1± 2.2) mSv ,significantly higher than that of A2 [( 8.1 ± 1.9) mSv,t = 2.7,P ＜ 0.05].Conclusion Application of the MinDose technique not only reduces the radiation dose to the patient,but also meets the requirement of diagnosis.     

Reduced iodine load with CT coronary angiography using dual-energy imaging: A prospective randomized trial compared with standard coronary CT angiography

BackgroundThere is concern regarding the administration of iodinated contrast to patients with impaired renal function because of the increased risk of contrast-induced nephropathy.ObjectiveEvaluate image quality and feasibility of a protocol with a reduced volume of iodinated contrast and utilization of dual-energy coronary CT angiography (DECT) vs a standard iodinated contrast volume coronary CT angiography protocol (SCCTA).MethodsA total of 102 consecutive patients were randomized to SCCTA (n = 53) or DECT with rapid kVp switching (n = 49). Eighty milliliters and 35 mL of iodinated contrast were administered in the SCCTA and DECT cohorts, respectively. Two readers measured signal and noise in the coronary arteries; signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were calculated. A 5-point signal/noise Likert scale was used to evaluate image quality; scores of <3 were nondiagnostic. Agreement was assessed through kappa analyses.ResultsDemographics and radiation dose were not significantly different; there was no difference in CNR between both cohorts (P = .95). A significant difference in SNR between the groups (P = .02) lost significance (P = .13) when adjusted for body mass index. The median Likert score was inferior for DECT for reader 1 (3.6 ± 0.6 vs 4.3 ± 0.6; P < .001) but not reader 2 (4.1 ± 0.6 vs 4.3 ± 0.5; P = .06). Agreement in diagnostic interpretability in the DECT and SCCTA groups was 91% (95% confidence interval, 86%–100%) and 96% (95% confidence interval, 90%–100%), respectively.ConclusionDECT resulted in inferior image quality scores but demonstrated comparable SNR, CNR, and rate of diagnostic interpretability without a radiation dose penalty while allowing for >50% reduction in contrast volume compared with SCCTA.