2015—2019年青岛市女性人乳头瘤病毒感染及基因型分布特点

目的:探讨2015—2019年青岛市女性人乳头瘤病毒(human papillomavirus, HPV)感染情况及基因型分布特点,为青岛女性HPV感染宫颈癌的防治提供科学支持。方法:收集2015年1月至2019年10月期间在青岛大学附属医院体检的26 396例女性宫颈脱落细胞标本,采用PCR体外扩增-DNA反向点杂交...     

1117例女性人乳头瘤病毒感染状况及亚型分布的研究

目的 人乳头瘤病毒(human papillomavirus,HPV)感染情况及亚型分布具有明显的地域差异性,分析来自成都大学附属医院检测的1117例女性HPV感染率及亚型分布,为开发新一代HPV疫苗和防治宫颈癌提供更多本土化的数据支持.方法 选取自2019年10月至2020年12月在成都大学附属医院进行宫颈癌筛查的1...     

武汉地区女性人乳头瘤病毒疫苗相关型别感染率研究

目的:统计2017-2018年武汉地区女性人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染状况,并分析HPV疫苗相关型别(6、11、16、18、31、33、45、52、58)的年度变化及年龄分布特征。方法:选取2017-2018年在我院进行HPV分型检测的10 760例成年女性,采用流式荧光杂交法检测27型HPV感染情况。将受检者按18-30岁、31-44岁、45-54岁、55-64岁、≥65岁进行年龄分组;将HPV型别按是否为疫苗涵盖的九类亚型将其分为疫苗相关型别组和非疫苗相关型别组。统计分析不同年度、不同年龄层HPV检出率。结果:纳入的10 760例受检者中,27型HPV阳性检出率为19.80%。疫苗相关型别HPV阳性检出率为11.05%,其中高危型和低危型检出率分别为9.42%、3.41%。年龄分层分析显示,疫苗相关型别组HPV检出率随年龄增加而降低,其中18-30岁组检出率显著高于其它年龄组(P<0.05)。疫苗相关型别组中多重HPV亚型感染者共152例,混合感染率为1.41%,主要分布在低龄组。检出率较高的HPV亚型依次为：52、58、16、6型。结论:2017-2018年,武汉地区女性HP...     

滨州地区妇女宫颈人乳头瘤病毒感染现状的调查

目的 了解山东省滨州地区成年妇女子宫颈人乳头瘤病毒(human papilloma virus,HPV)感染情况与基因型的分布,为本地区HPV分子流行病学研究与子宫颈癌的预防提供一定的理论基础.方法 采集721例妇科门诊成年妇女的宫颈脱落细胞为标本,导流杂交PCR法检测HPV基因型并分析不同年龄组、不同居住地患者间感染率的差异.结果 滨州地区妇科门诊患者子宫颈HPV总的感染率为26.76％,高危型感染率为18.44％,低危型感染率8.32％,高危型中共检出12中亚型,感染率前3名分别为16型(3.19％)、58型(2.35％) 66型(2.08％);低危型中感染率最高为43型(2.77％).20～ 30岁与50 ～60岁年龄段总感染率高于其他年龄段,分别为47.36％、32.23％;城镇居住地者与农村居住地者HPV感染率分别为25.74％、27.97％,两者间无显著性差异.结论 滨州地区妇女宫颈人乳头瘤病毒具有本区域的流行分布特征,可为该地区HPV感染的防治提供一定的理论基础.     

人乳头瘤病毒基因型在湘潭地区女性下生殖道感染中的分布特点

了解人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)基因型在本地区女性下生殖道感染的分布及特点.采用快速分子导流杂交分型技术对2009年5月至2010年6月间本院妇产科就诊的2682例女性进行生殖道21种HPV分型检测.结果显示:HPV阳性率为23.8%(639/2682),21种HPV亚型均有检出,其中单一型感染率为18.3%(490/268...     

人乳头瘤病毒基因型检测及其人群分布特征

目的 探讨河源地区女性感染人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）基因型分布,为预防HPV感染及临床诊治提供实验依据.方法 采用导流杂交技术对6745例宫颈脱落细胞标本行人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）分型检测.结果 检出HPV感染1 701例,总阳性率为25.20％,其中单一感染1 265例（74.40％）,多重感染436例（25.63％）,又以二重感染和单独高危型复合感染较为多见.六重感染和九重感染仅见于≤24岁年龄组,50岁以上年龄组均未见五重以上感染.HPV总阳性率、高危型HPV阳性率和低危型HPV阳性率均呈现“U”型特异性分布.受检21种亚型均被检出,常见的3种高危型为HPV52（25.69％）、HPV16（17.34％）和HPV58（15.52％）,2种低危型为HPV81 （8.23％）和HPV6 （6.94％）.各年龄组中最高感染率型别也有所差异.结论 河源地区受检女性HPV的感染率较高（25.20％）,多重感染者占25.63％.HPV总阳性率、高危型HPV阳性率和低危型HPV阳性率的年龄分布存在双峰现象,出现在≥60岁和≤24岁年龄组.最常见亚型是HPV52,不同年龄组HPV感染亚型分布略有不同.     

厦门地区女性人乳头瘤病毒感染状况调查

目的 对厦门地区妇女宫颈人类乳头瘤病毒（human papilloma virus,HPV）亚型进行筛查,以探讨其分布规律.方法 采用凯普医用核酸分子快速杂交仪,对7683名2013年1月-2013年12月到厦门市174医院妇科门诊或病房就诊的女性进行生殖道21种HPV感染基因亚型筛查.结果 7683例样本中,HPV感染者1421例,阳性率18.50％.感染人群主要集中在30～39岁.其中高危型HPV阳性率为16.01％,低危型HPV阳性率为2.49％.单一基因型别者1148例,阳性率为14.94％;双重感染者220例阳性率为2.86％;三重以上感染者53例,阳性率为0.70％;HPV感染阳性率居前6位的基因型分别为HPV-52（3.64％）、HPV-16 （3.33％）、HPV-58（2.98％）、HPV-53（2.16％）、HPV-CP8304（1.91％）和HPV-18（1.09％）.结论 厦门地区妇女HPV感染率高,且以高危型单一基因亚型感染为主;感染基因型别主要以HPV-52、16、58、53、CP8304和18为主,具有一定的地域差异性;52及58型感染率高,对于疫苗的研制和开发有参考意义.     

徐州地区女性宫颈感染人乳头瘤病毒基因亚型分析

目的：了解徐州地区不同年龄段女性生殖道人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染状况及其分布规律,为徐州地区HPV分子流行病学研究提供依据。方法：以2009年2月～2009年5月来我院就诊的1299例可疑患者为对象,采集其阴道宫颈分泌物标本。用凯普医用核酸分子杂交系统（简称H ybriMax）进行21种HPV（8304、6、11、16、18、31、33、35、39、42、43、45、44、51、52、53、56、58、59、66、68）基因型的分型检测,分析常见感染亚型和分布规律。结果：HPV阳性总检出率为26.02%（338/1299）,高危型主要为HPV16,其余依次为HPV58、52、68、33、53、18感染。低危型主要为HPV11、6、8304感染;〈35岁、35～44岁、〉44岁各年龄组中HPV阳性率分别为26.92%、26.79%、22.27%;宫颈癌患者以HPV16感染为主。结论：HPV6、11、16、58、52、68、33是徐州地区HPV感染的主要型别;不同年龄段HPV阳性率无显著性差异（P〉0.05）;对HPV阳性者进行定期跟踪是防治宫颈癌的重点。     

人乳头瘤病毒感染与人乳头瘤病毒疫苗的研究进展

人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染与宫颈癌的发生密切相关,是宫颈癌发生的最主要诱发因素.预防性HPV疫苗是一种预防宫颈癌的新方法,其效果得到了多项临床试验的肯定.治疗性HPV疫苗的研发同样备受关注,目前治疗性疫苗的类型很多,但因其机制较复杂,大多仍处在实验阶段.     

Rural distribution of human papilloma virus in low- and middle-income countries

Cervical cancer rates in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are higher than in developed countries and account for 80% of an estimated 500,000 new cases annually. Factors that contribute to this are that diagnostic and prevention strategies designed for developed countries suffer from the combination of low vaccination rates and limitations due to lack of consistent access to both healthcare and supplies. Here we: 1) improve upon our LMIC deployable HPV test and 2) determine both the high and low-risk HPV genotype prevalence in an isolated Honduran population. We found an unexpected HPV distribution with an abundance of HPV 52 and HPV 72 infections. In this context, molecular testing using a LMIC deployable approach for the detection of HPV can aid in both the triage of HPV positive cytology-based follow up and provide information regarding HPV genotype distribution in support of vaccination strategies.     

宫颈癌患者HPV感染和调节性T细胞的相关性研究

目的 探讨宫颈部位人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染与CD4＋ CD25＋ CD127-调节性T细胞（TReg）及机体免疫水平的关系.方法 采用第二代核酸杂交扩增技术（HC2）检测41例正常对照组、50例宫颈上皮内瘤变（CIN）Ⅰ、42例CIN Ⅱ～Ⅲ和70例感染HPV宫颈癌患者;采用流式细胞术检测外周血CD4＋CD25＋ CD127-TReg、细胞毒性T细胞（CTL）和NK百分率;采用酶联免疫吸附实验（ELISA）检测血清中TGF-β1和INF-γ的含量.结果 ①HPV感染率随着宫颈病变的加重而升高（P =5.75×10^-19）;②宫颈CIN Ⅱ～Ⅲ组与宫颈癌组外周血CD4＋CD25＋CD127-TReg、CTL、NK、TGF-β1、INF-γ与CIN Ⅰ组及正常对照组比较,差异均 有统计学意义（P=1.03×10^-9）;且在HPV阴阳性组间比较亦有统计学意义（P=2.33×10^-4）;③CTL与NK和Treg呈负相关（P值分别为1.62×10^-6和3.41×10^-5）;INF-γ含量与TReg呈负相关（P=2.11×10^-5）;④HPV与CD4＋ CD25＋ CD127-TReg百分率呈正相关（P =3.02×10^-6）.结论 宫颈HPV感染与TReg密切相关,TReg失调导致的免疫水平下降可能是宫颈癌免疫逃避机制之一.     

Awareness and uptake of human papilloma virus vaccines among female secondary school students in Benin City,Nigeria

BackgroundThere is no Government endorsed HPV vaccine immunisation program in Nigeria. The Vaccine has been available at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH) in Benin City for more than 7 years.ObjectivesThe aim was to evaluate awareness about HPV, the prevalence of HPV immunisation and its associated factors among the study population.MethodsA cross-sectional study using interviewer-administered questionnaires among 215 females attending secondary schools in Benin city, Nigeria. Participants were selected using multi-stage stratified sampling. The primary outcome measure was HPV immunisation of the girls.ResultsThe majority of the participants were between 14 to 18 years (58.6%). Almost all the participants (>97%) had not heard of HPV, HPV Vaccines and Cervical cancer. In addition, 2 (0.9%) persons correctly identified that the virus can be transmitted sexually while only 1 person (0.5%) had received the HPV vaccine. The respondents all agreed that they needed to be enlightened about HPV, HPV vaccines and Cervical cancer. Majority (49.3%) of the girls suggested that this could be done through the mass media (49.3%) or their parents (32.1%).ConclusionHPV immunisation, knowledge of HPV vaccines and Cervical cancer among the study population was very low. We recommend interventions in Schools to increase knowledge about cervical cancer and HPV vaccines.     

Predictors of human papilloma virus in patients with keratinization

Given the prevalence of human papilloma virus (HPV) infection, an attempt was made to determine whether certain factors such as keratinization and/or squamous atypia are associated with its development. Review of our gynecologic cytology files from 1989 yielded 1,615 specimens showing parakeratosis and/or hyperkeratosis, without cytologic evidence of HPV. Concomitant diagnoses included no atypia [keratinization only (KO)], inflammatory squamous atypia (ISA), and squamous atypia (SA). Morphologic follow-up including repeat cytology or biopsy was available for 916 cases, 92 (10.0%) of which possessed changes of HPV. For any case with both cytologic and biopsy evidence of HPV, only the biopsy result was tabulated. HPV on follow-up examination was detected in 52 (6.7%) of the 764 cases with KO; in 20 (20.8%) of the 96 cases with keratinization and ISA (KISA); and in 20 (35.7%) of the 56 cases with keratinization and SA (KSA). The definitive diagnosis of HPV was based on previously described features (Gupta, In: Comprehensive Cytopathology, Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 1991:133-140) including nuclear enlargement with nuclear membrane irregularities in combination with sharply demarcated paranuclear cytoplasmic clearing. Affected cells have rounded borders. Binucleated cells are not uncommon. The increasing percentage of HPV from KO to KISA to KSA is not necessarily surprising. However, mathematical analysis revealed statistically significant differences in the development of HPV in each of the 3 groups: KISA vs. KO (P < 0.001), KSA vs. KO (P < 0.001), and KSA vs. KISA (P < 0.05). Therefore, a cytologic diagnosis of keratinization with ISA or especially SA should warrant closer follow-up than that of KO.     

High-risk human papilloma virus infection decreases the frequency of dendritic Langerhans' cells in the human female genital tract

Dendritic cells (DC) are often arranged in planar layers in tissues with high antigenic exposure, such as skin and mucosae. Providing an en face view, this arrangement optimizes in situ analysis regarding morphology (even of individual dendrites), topographic distribution (regular/clustered) and quantification. The few reports on human genital DC usually utilize single markers and conventional sections, restricting immunolabelling only to cell parts sectioned by the cut. To better assess DC in situ, we labelled epithelial sheets, prepared from fresh cervix biopsies, with antibodies to major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-CII, CD1a and Langerin, revealing (with each of these markers) a dense DC network in a planar-like, regular distribution. Using the hybrid capture system to detect the high-risk mucotropic human papilloma virus (HPV) group, 16 positive and five negative women were studied and the results were compared between these groups. DC frequency per area was substantially reduced (to approximately 50% for the three markers) in samples from all HPV-infected patients compared with samples from controls. Unlike HPV(-) samples, Langerin(+) DC in HPV(+) cervix exhibited a highly accentuated dendritic appearance. We believe this to be the first study using these three DC-restricted markers (Langerin, CD1a and MHC-CII) in cervical epithelial sheets from high-risk HPV(+) donors and also the first study to demonstrate the morphological and quantitative changes triggered by high-risk HPV infection. Cervical DC reduction in early, premalignant high-risk HPV infection might represent viral subversion strategies interfering with efficient antigen handling by the immune system's peripheral sentinels, the DC, perhaps hampering appropriate recruitment and subsequent development of effector (cytotoxic) T cells.     

实时荧光定量PCR法检测人乳头状瘤病毒的实验研究

目的 通过研究病变宫颈中人乳头状瘤病毒(HPV)16/18型的表达,探讨HPV16/18型病毒感染与宫颈病变发生发展之间的关系.方法 结合病理切片诊断,以免疫组化作对照.运用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测病变宫颈中HPV16/18型DNA拷贝数,以及HPV16/18型E7基因mRNA表达量.结果 慢性宫颈炎患者中HPV16/18型感染率低(7.4%).宫颈管上皮内瘤样变(CIN)组HPV16型感染率较高为69.6%,宫颈癌患者巾为72.7%.HPV16型DNA的拷贝数在宫颈上皮内瘤样变患者中与病理分级没有明显的相关性.但在宫颈癌患者中,病毒DNA的拷贝数明显升高,二者差异明显.CIN轻度(I)、中度(Ⅱ)、高度(Ⅲ)组和宫颈癌患者中,HPV16 E7基冈的表达率分别为0、37.5%、42.9%、63.6%.统计学分析表明,HPV16 E7 mRNA的拷贝数与病情呈明显的正相关性.结论 感染者中主要以HPV16型为主,HPV18型较少.宫颈癌患者中HPV16 DNA拷贝数明显高于CIN Ⅱ、Ⅲ组,HPV16型E7 mRNA在宫颈癌中表达率及表达量明显增加并与宫颈癌变呈正相关.实时荧光定量PCR适合临床宫颈病变病毒的筛查与检测.     

1049例妇科门诊病人HPV感染基因型分析

目的研究宝安区妇女感染HPV的优势亚型,为宫颈癌防治提供依据。方法利用HPV基因芯片检测技术检验我院妇科门诊样本HPV亚型。结果 1049例病人中,HPV感染264例,阳性率25.17%。其中高危型（HPV16、18、31、33、35、39、45、51、52、53、56、58、59、66、68、73、83、和MM4）162例,占感染者81.44%;低危型（HPV11、6、42、43）49例,占感染者18.56%。二组感染率比较差异有统计学意义;264例感染HPV优势亚型HPV52,其次依次为16、43、58、68、18、53型;〈30岁及≥30岁两年龄段HPV感染率比较差异无统计学意义;组间优势亚型分布比较HPV53在〈30岁年龄组明显增加,其他优势亚型分布比较差异无统计学意义;单一亚型感染239例,占90.52%。结论高危亚型、单一亚型为主要常见感染类型;HPV基因分型诊断在宫颈癌筛查和防治中具有重要意义。     

人疱疹病毒6型感染与神经胶质瘤关系的初步研究

目的探讨人疱疹病毒6型（human herpesvirus-6,HHV-6）感染与神经胶质瘤的关系。方法将辽宁省肿瘤医院神经外科2011年6月-2013年5月收治的神经胶质瘤患者45例纳入病例组,将同期该医院收治且已排除神经胶质瘤的脑外伤患者45例作为对照组。分别采用巢式聚合酶链式反应（nested polymerase chain reaction,Nested—PCR）法检测两组研究对象人病变脑组织样本中HHV-6序列;采用免疫组化染色法检测两组研究对象人病变脑组织样本中HHV-6抗原的表达。结果病例组HHV石DNA阳性率为31．11％,对照组HHV-6DNA阳性率为6．67％（χ2=8．755,P=0．003）。病例组HHV-6早期抗原041表达阳性率为22．22％,对照组HHV-6早期抗原p41表达阳性率为0．00％（χ2=11．250,P=0．001）。病例组HHV-6DNA阳性率、HHV-6抗原阳性率均高于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论神经胶质瘤患者和非神经胶质瘤脑外伤患者病变脑组织中HHV石感染率有差异,据此推断HHV-6感染在神经胶质瘤的发生和发展过程中起到一定的作用。     

Simultaneous human papilloma virus type 16 E7 and cdk inhibitor p21 expression induces apoptosis and cathepsin B activation

Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) is the major risk factor for development of cervical cancer. The major oncoprotein E7 enhances cell growth control. However, E7 has in some reports been shown to induce apoptosis suggesting that there is a delicate balance between cell proliferation and induction of cell death. We have used the osteosarcoma cell line U2OS cells provided with E7 and the cdk2 inhibitor p21 (cip1/waf1) under inducible control, as a model system for the analysis of E7-mediated apoptosis. Our data shows that simultaneous expression of E7 and p21 proteins induces cell death, possibly because of conflicting growth control. Interestingly, E7/p21-induced cell death is associated with the activation of a newly identified mediator of apoptosis, namely cathepsin B. Activation of the cellular caspases is undetectable in cells undergoing E7/p21-induced apoptosis. To our knowledge, this is the first time a role for cathepsin B is reported in HPV-induced apoptotic signalling.