滨州地区妇女宫颈人乳头瘤病毒感染现状的调查

目的 了解山东省滨州地区成年妇女子宫颈人乳头瘤病毒(human papilloma virus,HPV)感染情况与基因型的分布,为本地区HPV分子流行病学研究与子宫颈癌的预防提供一定的理论基础.方法 采集721例妇科门诊成年妇女的宫颈脱落细胞为标本,导流杂交PCR法检测HPV基因型并分析不同年龄组、不同居住地患者间感染率的差异.结果 滨州地区妇科门诊患者子宫颈HPV总的感染率为26.76％,高危型感染率为18.44％,低危型感染率8.32％,高危型中共检出12中亚型,感染率前3名分别为16型(3.19％)、58型(2.35％) 66型(2.08％);低危型中感染率最高为43型(2.77％).20～ 30岁与50 ～60岁年龄段总感染率高于其他年龄段,分别为47.36％、32.23％;城镇居住地者与农村居住地者HPV感染率分别为25.74％、27.97％,两者间无显著性差异.结论 滨州地区妇女宫颈人乳头瘤病毒具有本区域的流行分布特征,可为该地区HPV感染的防治提供一定的理论基础.     

渝东南妇科女人乳头瘤病毒感染状况分析

目的:了解渝东南妇女人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染的基因型分布特点,为该片区HPV疫苗的研发和宫颈癌的防治提供可靠而科学的依据。方法:采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)和脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)反向点杂交相结合的DNA芯片技术对来自渝东南门诊妇科的5073例就诊者进行HPV感染及分型检测。结果:HPV总感染率为37.5%(1902/5073),其中单纯低危型感染率为6.8%(344/5073),以HPV6,81为主;高危型及混合感染率为30.7%(1558/5073),以其高危型检出频次前五位依次为16(21.9%),52(18.4%),58(17.6%),33(12.5%),18(9.1%)。共检出22种基因型,没检出82型;在各年龄组中,其感染率与年龄段呈U型曲线关系,高危型感染在50岁以上明显上升(X2=15.78,P0.005)。结论:HPV感染率及基因分型有一定的地域差异,该片区感染率较高,高危型及多重感染情况比较严重,基因分型符合亚洲人的特点,但也有各自特点。     

人乳头瘤病毒、沙眼衣原体和单纯疱疹病毒Ⅱ型感染与宫颈疾病的相关性研究

目的 探讨人乳头瘤病毒(human papillomavirus,HPV)、沙眼衣原体(chlamydia trachomatis,CT)和单纯疱疹病毒Ⅱ型(herpes simplex virusⅡ,HSV-Ⅱ)感染与宫颈疾病的关系.方法 采用核酸分子快速杂交基因分型技术对598例宫颈脱落细胞进行HPV感染基因型分型测定,同时应用实时荧光定量PCR法(FQ-PCR)检测CT和HSV-Ⅱ两种病原体的感染情况.结果 HPV、CT和HSV-Ⅱ的阳性检出率分别为24.9％、9.2％和8.9％,且随着宫颈病变程度加重而逐渐增高,宫颈炎组和宫颈癌病变组三种病原体的感染率差异均有统计学意义.HPV感染以高危型为主(占77.9％),低危型为22.1％.HPV高危型和阴性组比较两种病毒的感染率有统计学差异(CT:x2=26.97,P＜0.05;HSV-Ⅱ∶x2=65.93,P＜0.05).各宫颈病变组均有多病毒混合感染情况出现,其中宫颈癌组混合感染率为22.2％.结论 HPV、CT和HSV-Ⅱ感染与宫颈癌的发生密切相关,多病原体混合感染会促进宫颈癌的发生.     

1448例妇科患者HPV感染型别分布及临床分析

目的分析女性HPV感染的阳性率和各年龄段的关系及常见亚型的分布情况,探讨女性HPVDNA基因分型技术检测在宫颈癌防治方面的应用价值。方法采用HPV基因分型技术对1448例妇科门诊就诊者进行HPV分型检测。结果1448例样本中,检出HPV阳性者531例,总阳性率为36．7％,其中高危型HPV468例,占感染率88％,低危型HPV63例,占感染率12％,混合感染HPV122例,占感染率23％,HPV基因型单一感染为77．2％,二重感染为17．9％,三重感染为3．6％,四重感染为1．5％。高危型中未检出HPV35、73、83、MM4型,低危型中未检出HPV43、44型。患者其亚型感染率由高到低依次为HPV58、16、52、33、18、31、53、68、66、51、39、56和59型,低危型依次为HPV11、6、42型。不同年龄组中HPV感染高峰在50～59岁和60～69岁这两个年龄段,感染率分别为78．9％和73．7％。结论HPV感染型别普遍化,各年龄段感染的阳性率差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,25岁前后及〉50岁的妇女更应予以重视,对阳性患者要加强定期随访,HPV基因分型及多种亚型的检测有利于宫颈癌的早期预警和早期治疗。     

人乳头状瘤病毒感染及其亚型与鼻内翻性乳头状瘤相关性探讨

目的 了解不同亚型的人乳头状瘤病毒(human papillomavirus,HPV)在鼻内翻性乳头状瘤(nasal inverted papilloma,NIP)中的分布,探讨其在NIP发病中的作用.方法 将78例NIP腊包埋组织标本分为单纯NIP组、伴不典型增生NIP组和NIP癌变组,同时选取40例健康体检者鼻腔粘膜组织作为健康对照组,采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)技术检测HPV6、11、16及18型感染情况.结果 78例NIP石蜡包埋组织标本HPV总阳性率为61.5％.单纯NIP组、伴不典型增生NIP组和NIP癌变组阳性率分别达59.5％、73.9％和46.2％.随着NIP临床分期级别的升高,HPV感染率也呈相应的上升趋势.单纯NIP组以低危型HPV6、11型感染为主,NIP癌变组则同时检出高危型HPV16型和HPV18型.结论 HPV感染在NIP发病中起着重要作用,其中高危型HPV感染能扩大NIP病变范围,而HPV16、18型可能与NIP恶变有关联.     

湖北省人乳头瘤病毒基因分型检测分析

目的 调查湖北省女性人群人乳头状瘤病毒(human papillomavirus,HPV)感染状况,为宫颈癌防治提供参考依据.方法 收集2013年1月至2014年11月在湖北省中山医院就诊的3956例宫颈脱落细胞标本,采用PCR体外扩增和DNA反向点杂交相结合的DNA芯片技术,对宫颈脱落细胞标本进行HPV基因分型检测.结果 3956例患者中共检出HPV阳性818例,阳性率为20.68％,其中高危型HPV感染阳性率为15.77％(624/3956).在被检测的23个HPV-DNA亚型中,最常见的依次为16型(3.72％,147/3956),52型(3.67％,145/3956),43型(3.64％,144/3956),58型(2.78％,110/3956),18型(1.49％,59/3956),33型(1.06％,42/3956),未检出MM4型.HPV阳性者中多重感染率为17.36％(142/818),以二重感染最常见(85.21％,121/142).结论 湖北省地区高危型HPV感染以HPV16、52、58、18和33比较常见,低危型HPV感染以HPV43比较常见.     

湖北地区宫颈疾病患者HPV基因型及其年龄分布

目的:分析湖北地区宫颈疾病患者人乳头状瘤病毒(HPV)感染的基因型分布及与年龄的关系。方法:4 314例宫颈疾病患者,年龄21-86岁,按5岁一组分为10组,收集各组宫颈脱落细胞样本,应用PCR-基因芯片技术进行HPV分型检测,统计分析各组HPV总感染率和各亚型感染率及其年龄分布特点。结果:HPV总感染率为28.86%(1 245/4 314)。以单纯高危型HPV(hrHPV)为主,感染率为23.78%(1 026/4 314),单纯低危型HPV(lrHPV)感染率只占2.30%(99/4 314),余为混合感染。高危型中又以HPV16型最多,感染率为9.23%(398/4 314),其次为HPV52和58型,感染率为5.42%(234/4 314)和4.75%(205/4 314)。HPV总感染率以21-25岁组(29.97%)和51-55岁组(31.75%)最高,最低为31-35岁组(25.19%)和65岁组(25.42%),但各组间差异无显著性(P0.05)。单一感染率明显较多重感染率高(20.91%vs 7.95%,P0.01)。结论:加强湖北地区宫颈疾病患者HPV感染的筛查和监测,有利于该地区女性人群生殖器疣和宫颈癌防治以及流行病学研究。     

北京市北苑地区女性HPV感染现状及基因型分布研究

目的 调查我院辖区范围内即北京市北苑地区成年女性人乳头状瘤病毒(HPV)感染现状及亚型分布情况.方法 采用核酸分子快速导流杂交基因芯片分型技术对本院辖区范围内(北苑地区)来我院妇科门诊就诊的14582例女性患者采集宫颈脱落细胞标本进行HPV及21种亚型检测.结果 ①HPV感染阳性检出2419例,感染阳性率16.59％(2419/14582),在HPV感染阳性人群中,以单一高危型HPV感染为主,单一感染HPV阳性1951例,占HPV阳性感染人群80.65％(1951/2419);多重感染以二重感染为主,多重感染HPV阳性468例,二重感染HPV阳性361例,占HPV阳性感染人群14.92％(361/2419),以高危型感染以为主.②各HPV基因亚型检出总和为3035项次,高危型HPV感染占91.73％(2784/3035),排在前五位由高到低依次是HPV16(17.36％,527/3035)、HPV52(11.89％,361/3035)、HPV58(11.80％,358/3035)、HPV53(8.27％,251/3035)、CP8304(7.05％,214/3035),以HPV16型为主;低危型HPV感染占8.27％(251/3035),由高到低依次是HPVl1 (3.95％,120/3035)、HPV6(3.57％,108/3035)、HPV44(0.43％,13/3035)、HPV42 (0.16％,5/3035)、HPV43 (0.16％,5/3035),以HPV11为主.③按年龄段划分,≤20岁年龄组阳性率最高,阳性率31.30％ (36/115);其次是≥61岁年龄组,阳性率21.05％ (64/304).结论 本院辖区范围内(北苑地区)成年女性HPV感染阳性率16.59 ％(2419/14582),以单一高危型HPV感染为主,高危型HPV16、HPV52、HPV58、HPV53、CP8304是本院辖区范围内成年女性HPV感染的主要亚型.     

湖北襄阳地区女性宫颈高危型HPV感染分布情况及危险因素探讨

目的 分析高危型人乳头瘤病毒(human papillomaviruses,HPV)在湖北襄阳地区妇女中的感染率及感染年龄分布情况,以及危险因素.方法 以2012-2014年间在本院就诊的4689例患者为研究对象,采用cervista酶切信号放大法检测14种高危型的HPV.其中感染高危型HPV阳性病例则进一步分析HPV感染年龄分布情况以及其在子宫颈上皮非典型增生(CIN)、宫颈癌、宫颈炎患者中的感染情况,并结合病例资料分析HPV感染危险因素.结果 4689例患者中有950例感染高危型HPV,感染率为20.26％.HPV在宫颈癌患者中的感染率最高,其次为CIN,宫颈癌相较于其他两类患者感染率对比差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).HPV以≥55岁者的感染率最高.初次性行为年龄过早、宫颈癌家族史、多产史、经常熬夜等均是HPV感染的影响因素.结论 湖北襄阳地区HPV感染率与LARC国际癌症研究协会公布的亚洲常见HPV感染率一致.在不同年龄段中,感染率最高的年龄组为55岁以上及25岁以下,宫颈癌、CIN患者HPV感染率较高,而经常熬夜、有宫颈癌家族史、初次性行为年龄过早等因素属于HPV感染危险因素.     

5654例女性高危型人乳头瘤病毒感染情况分析

目的探讨本地区高危型人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)的感染情况、基因型分布和年龄分布特点,指导宫颈高危型HPV感染者早期筛查和诊疗,旨在为降低高危型HPV感染和宫颈癌的发生提供参考依据。方法分析2017年7月至2018年12月在我院行高危型HPV检测患者5654例,使用恒温扩增-荧光法进行高危型HPV的检测,统计HPV16型、18型及其他13种HPV亚型的感染率,分析HPV基因型分布和年龄分布特点。结果 5654例女性的HPV感染率为14.33%(810/5654)。其中HPV16感染138例,感染率为2.44%(138/5654);HPV18感染38例,感染率为0.67%(38/5654);其他13种感染634例,感染率为11.22%(634/5654).≤20和≥60岁年龄段感染率均高于其他年龄段。而30～39岁年龄段感染率最低。结论根据本院HPV感染、年龄分布情况,HPV 18感染所占比率较低,其他13种HPV感染所占比率高。需对各亚型感染进行细致分型以协助评估发病风险。同时我们应该重视对≤20岁和≥60岁女性高危HPV感染的早期监测,降低高危型HPV感染的发生。     

Re-evaluation of mucin phenotypes of gastric minute well-differentiated-type adenocarcinomas using a series of HGM, MUC5AC, MUC6, M-GGMC, MUC2 and CD10 stains

We examined which, and how many, mucin markers are necessary to define the phenotypes of gastric cancers, and re-evaluated the incidence of their mucin phenotypes and whether minute gastric carcinomas arise as unclassified type. Well-differentiated-type minute gastric carcinomas (n = 33) measuring 0%, and was 33%, 33%, 3%, 30%, and 0%, respectively, when the percentage of positive mucin phenotype was set at >or=10%. Thus, a panel of MUC5AC (or HGM), MUC6, MUC2 and CD10 stains is indispensable for accurately determining the mucin phenotypes of gastric carcinomas, and the above-mentioned classification is important for studying changes in the histological types of well-differentiated-type adenocarcinomas during change to the poorly differentiated type, as well as corresponding genetic abnormalities.     

The recurrence of malignant pleural mesothelioma 14 years after extrapleural pneumonectomy: Possible histological transformation

A 56‐year‐old man underwent extrapleural pneumonectomy for malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). The histological diagnosis was epithelioid mesothelioma with T2N0M0, and no sarcomatoid component was observed. Subsequently, 14 years after complete resection, screening computed tomography detected a rapidly growing right thoracic mass, which was diagnosed as a recurrence of MPM on resection. However, it was composed of both epithelioid (50%) and sarcomatoid (50%) components, suggesting possible histological transformation. Although there have been some previous reports on the recurrence of MPM, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first clinical case which indicated that histological transformation of MPM might occur.     

Immunohistochemical localization of interstitial collagens in bone tissue from patients with various forms of osteogenesis imperfecta

Immunohistochemical studies of bone from individuals with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) type II, OI type III, or OI type IV demonstrate a similar pattern, but varying extent, of the abnormal presence of interstitial collagens in bone matrix. OI type II bone had nests of cartilage with type II collagen, and significant type III collagen in the bone matrix. In OI types III and IV, type II collagen was present only in epiphyseal cartilage but bone still contained type III collagen. These findings resembled those in developing fetal bone indicating the “immature” nature of OI bone.     

Clinical diagnosis of the Usher syndromes

The Usher syndromes are genetically distinct disorders which share specific phenotypic characteristics. This paper describes a set of clinical criteria recommended for the diagnosis of Usher syndrome type I and Usher syndrome type II. These criteria have been adopted by the Usher Syndrome Consortium and are used in studies reported by members of this Consortium. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

脐带血HLA基因分型质评结果分析

目的探讨建立进行常规HLA基因分型质量监控的标准,减少分型错误率,为临床提供准确、可靠的HLA基因分型结果。方法采用聚合酶链反应-序列特异性引物扩增(PCR-SSP)方法、直接测序分型穴SBT雪方法,随机抽查天津市脐带血造血干细胞库脐带血及查询已选中做脐带血移植的样本共88例SSOP方法的结果进行HLA基因分型复核。结果复核结果表明,本实验室HLA基因分型错误率低于3%[1],分型重复率达到97%,符合美国“国家骨髓供者登记(NMDP)”提供的标准。结论以不同基因分型方法评估本实验室HLA基因分型结果完成情况,可保障分型结果的精确度和可靠性,减少分型错误率,提高脐带血移植成活率。     

A morphological study of the changes which occur during pregnancy in the human breast

Summary Light and electron microscopic studies of ameloblastoma were reviewed. The 21 cases of ameloblastoma examined were classified into 12 cases of the plexiform type and nine of the follicular type. The average age of the patients with the plexiform type was 25.3 years, while that of those with the follicular type was 54.4 years. Histologically, in the follicular type, the tumor cells consisted of two cell types, central polyhedral and star-shaped cells resembling the stellate reticulum and peripheral cuboidal and columnar cells similar to the inner enamel epithelium. The resemblance between the tumor follicle and enamel organ was confirmed electron microscopically. In the plexiform type, however the tumor cells did not show two cell types, but resembled squamous epithelium. Electron microscopically, all cells of the tumor strands had relatively numerous bundles of tonofilaments and were joined together by desmosomes. Differentiation of tumor cells to squamous epithelium less evident than in normal surface epithelium. We speculate that these histological differences between plexiform and follicular types represent the differentiation tendency of the remnant of the dental lamina at the time of neoplastic transformation. What decides the histological pattern is unknown but age may be a factor. Central epidermization with keratinization or microcytic changes was frequently seen in the follicular type. Keratinization and microcystic changes rarely occured in the plexiform type. We do not believe that these chagnes are a form of involution or result from multipotentiality of the tumor cells.     

Pathogenetic significance of hypersensitivity reactions of immediate and delayed types in the course of nephritis

A combination of an immunologic study of rats from the first days after receiving injection of nephrotoxic serum until the development of chronic renal failure and determination of the functional and morphological characteristics of the disease confirmed the view that the nephritis develops in stages and that hypersensitivity reactions of immediate and delayed types play different pathogenetic roles in the changing course of the disease. In the early periods the predominant features are those of hypersensitivity of immediate type, evidence of which is given by the liberation of mediators of the pathochemical phase and changes in kidney function. The dominant factor in the formation of chronic nephritis is the development of hypersensitivity reactions of delayed type.Department of Pathological Physiology, Chernovtsy Medical Institute. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR N. A. Fedorov.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 87, No. 3, pp. 264–267, March, 1979.     

Neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis: A clinical and morphological study of 19 patients

We report on clinical, electrophysiological, neuroradiological, and morphological data from 19 patients with different types (late infantile, juvenile, and adult) of neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis (NCL), observed in the last 10 years at the Neurological Institute of Milan. Late Infantile NCL (LINCL) (8 patients, 4m/4f). Age at onset: 2–4 1/2 years. Seizures (6 patients) or decline of mental capacities (2 patients) were the presenting symptoms, followed by myoclonus and ataxia; visual loss and optic atrophy occurred in 6 patients within 3 years. All but 2 children became bedridden within 3 1/2 years. CT and MRI demonstrated different degrees of cerebral and cerebellar atrophy within 3 years from onset of the disease. Ultrastructural studies showed fingerprint profiles (FP) and osmiophilic bodies (OB) in circulating lymphocytes; curvilinear bodies (CB) and FP were detected in eccrine secretory cells. Juvenile NCL (JNCL) (7 patients, 4m/3f). Age at onset: 6–9 years. Visual loss with retinal degeneration was the presenting symptoms, accompanied in all but 2 patients by slight mental impairment. Seizures occurred within 2–4 years. CT and MRI detected cerebral or cerebellar atrophy in those patients (5 patients) with a clinical follow-up longer than 4 years. Electron microscopy showed FP on circulating lymphocytes, and both FP and CB on skin biopsy specimens. Adult NCL (ANCL) (4 patients, 3 m/1f). Age at onset: 12–50 years. Progressive myoclonus epilepsy (1 patient) or dementia with motor disturbances (3 patients) were the clinical phenotypes of the disease. MRI demonstrated cerebral and cerebellar atrophy within 6 years from onset. Electron microscopy disclosed FP in cytoplasmic vacuoles inside eccrine secretory cells. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Gene Expression of Tendon Collagens and Tenocyte Markers in Long-Term Monolayer and High-Density Cultures of Rat Tenocytes

As a result of repeated movement, tendons are functionally open to traumas. According to this situation, tenocytes have already been used for tissue engineering therapies. It has been reported that long-term monolayer (ML) culture of tenocytes may lead to a phenotypic drift within passages. Depending on our previously published work, it is clearly demonstrated that high-density (HD) culture improves cell growth and differentiation of tenocytes. However, it is not yet established if HD favors the differentiated state during long-term culture. Therefore, we compared the differences in gene expression of tendon collagens and tendon markers of tenocytes from long-term ML and HD culture conditions by quantitative, real-time polymerase chain reaction (QRT-PCR) for over a period of 3 weeks. COLI, COLIII, COLV, Scx, and Tnmd were target genes as the major matrix constituents of tendons as well as being involved in matrix integrity and tenocyte phenotype. According to our results, tenocytes in HD culture synthesized less amounts of COLIII, COLV, and Tnmd, and dependent on the investigation time point, higher amounts of Scx. We consider that tenocytes produced in HD culture system may not provide sufficient efficiency during tissue engineering approaches. By the fact that most molecules showed significantly higher expression profiles in ML culture condition, it is suggested that culture and passage in ML should be taken into consideration for further tissue engineering approaches to maintain a phenotype with less amount of drift.