血水草白屈菜红碱杀灭日本血吸虫尾蚴预防感染的研究

目的:探讨血水草白屈菜红碱(Chelerythrine,CHE)杀灭尾蚴、预防日本血吸虫感染的保护性效果。方法:实验室配置浓度分别为100 mg/L,50 mg/L,25 mg/L,12.5 mg/L,6.25 mg/L,3.125 mg/L的CHE溶液,采用玻片法灭蚴,观察15 min,30 min,60 min,120 min时尾蚴的死亡率;实验室防护动物血吸虫感染的实验,所用CHE溶液浓度同前。结果:尾蚴接触药物25 mg/L,60 min死亡率为88%,50 mg/L、60 min死亡率为100%。100 mg/L组药物浸杀尾蚴30 min后,对小鼠的防护率为100%;50 mg/L组药物浸杀尾蚴30min的防护率为82.35%。结论:CHE具有杀灭日本血吸虫尾蚴的作用。     

血水草生物碱实验室和现场杀灭钉螺的效果观察

目的 探讨血水草生物碱实验室不同温度及现场杀灭钉螺的效果。方法 在实验室配置不同浓度的血水草生物碱溶液，观察在20℃、25℃、30℃时浸泡24h、48h、72h、96h的钉螺死亡率；观察灭螺卵效果；观察钉螺上爬率；急性鱼毒试验；观察现场浸泡杀螺效果。结果 浸泡72h钉螺死亡率达100％的血水草生物碱溶液的浓度及温度分别为：1．25mg／L，30℃；2．5mg／L，25℃；5mg／L、10mg／L均为25℃。水温26℃～28℃现场灭螺10mg／L 72h死亡率达84％，20mg／L 72h死亡率达92％。5mg／L溶液螺卵浸泡72h孵出率为0％～10％。10mg／L即明显抑制钉螺上爬，20mg／L钉螺静止不动5h以上。血水草生物碱对鱼毒性较低。结论 血水草生物碱具有杀灭钉螺、螺卵的效果，可能是一种较有研究价值的灭螺植物。     

血水草总生物碱灭钉螺的初步研究

目的:探讨血水草总生物碱杀灭钉螺的效果,寻找低毒价廉的非皂甙类植物灭螺剂.方法:室内试验,用血水草总生物碱1～100 mg/L浸泡钉螺.结果:72h的钉螺死亡率为85.71%～100%,其中,3.125mg/L的为95.83%～100%,1mg/L为81.25%～100%.结论:经室内试验证实,血水草总生物碱具有显著的杀钉螺的效果.     

金瓢虫牌灭菌泡腾片杀菌效果的实验室研究

目的：了解金瓢虫牌灭菌片杀菌作用，对其做出科学评价，更好地指导临床使用该药。方法：采用中和剂鉴定试验、定量杀菌试验、HBsAg抗原性破坏试验、现场试验。结果：1％硫代硫酸钠能中和该消毒剂；60mg/L、80mg/L、100mg/L有效氯，作用5min，10min，20min对细菌繁殖体，平均杀灭率分别为99.90％-100％。600mg/L，800mg/L，100mg/1，有效氯，作用5min，10min，20min，40min对细菌芽胞，平均杀灭率为96.06％-100％。结论：杀灭细菌繁殖体，杀灭率达99.90％所需最低浓度为60mg/L，最短作用时间5min，杀灭率达100％所需最低浓度为100mg/L，最短作用时间20min。杀灭细菌芽胞，杀灭率达99.90％％所需最低浓度为600mg/L，最短作用时间20min，杀灭率达100％所需最低浓度为1000mg/L，最短作用时间40min。     

血钉草虫灭可湿性粉剂灭螺灭蚴效果及及其安全性评价

目的:评价血钉草虫灭可湿性粉剂在实验室条件下杀灭钉螺和血吸虫尾蚴的效果及其在使用中的安全性。方法:采用浸杀灭螺灭蚴和喷洒灭螺试验,观察钉螺和血吸虫尾蚴在不同浓度和不同时间的死亡率;急性经口毒性试验采用一次性经口灌胃染毒,急性皮肤刺激和眼刺激试验则将受试物调成糊状,涂抹于大白兔皮肤和滴于眼结膜囊内。结果:各浓度组血钉草虫灭可湿性粉剂对钉螺均具有较高的致死率,对血吸虫尾蚴则效果较差;对大鼠急性经口 LD50为2000mg/kg,对皮肤和眼均无刺激性。结论:血钉草虫灭可湿性粉剂在一定条件下可以做为我国血防工作杀灭钉螺的可选药物。     

蒿苯酯预防血吸虫病的实验研究

实验证明,实验动物在感染日本血吸虫尾蚴后第7天开始服用蒿苯酯,每周1次,连服4～6次,对小鼠、家兔及犬体内的血吸虫童虫有明显杀灭效果.小鼠300mg/kg连服4次的减虫率为89.1%;家兔40mg/kg、连服4次和80mg/kg、连服6次的减虫率分别为99.2%和100%;犬45mg/kg、连服4次的减虫率为97.1%.口服较安全.比较蒿苯酯、呋哺丙胺和吡喹酮三种抗血吸虫药物杀灭血吸虫童虫的效果证明,选用等毒剂量和等剂量的效果,以篙苯酯为最佳.     

阿苯达唑对不同发育阶段日本血吸虫的杀灭作用

采用不同剂量的阿苯达唑对小鼠体内不同发育阶段的日本血吸虫的杀灭作用进行了实验以观察。阿苯达唑的剂量为４００ｍｇ／ｋｇ．ｄ，分别于感染尾蚴后第７天、１４天、２１天和２８天一次将药液灌入鼠胃。鼠体内日本血吸虫减虫率分别为６．４４％、４２．８７％、４０．９０％和２．８７％。阿苯达唑剂量为２００ｍｇ／ｋｇ．ｄ，于感染后第７天、１４天、２１在和２８天分别灌胃，各生天一次，连续５天。其日本血吸虫减虫率分别为８     

日本血吸虫病经胎盘传播的实验研究

目的 了解日本血吸虫病经胎盘传播的途径及机体免疫保护性。方法 以家兔为动物模型,在母兔怀孕中期（器官发生期）和晚期（胎儿发育期）,人工感染不同强度日本血吸虫尾蚴,观察仔兔日本血吸虫感染情况,同时对仔兔断奶后进行攻击性感染。结果 母兔怀孕中期和晚期人工感染300条尾蚴,母兔经胎传播率分别为75％和100％,仔兔经胎感染率分别为13．5％和46．7％。母兔怀孕晚期分别人工感染300条、500条、700条尾蚴,母兔经胎传播率均为100％,仔兔感染率分别为46．7％、61．9％、79．0％。仔兔感染强度为1－3,1－3及2－14条血吸虫,新产仔兔断奶后攻击性感染20条尾蚴,实验组和对照组仔兔虫体回收无显著性差异（P＞0．05）。结论 仔兔日本血吸虫经胎盘感染率和感染强度与母兔怀孕不同时期、胚胎发育不同程度、尾蚴感染剂量等众多因素有关;仔兔经胎感染后,机体无保护性免疫作用。     

使用消毒剂对埃尔托弧菌杀灭效果及应用研究

目的:为了解8种消毒剂杀灭埃尔托(Eltor)弧菌效果和指导消毒实践,采用能量试验和模拟现场试 验,对8种消毒剂进行了实验室观察。结果,能量试验测出各种消毒剂最低有效杀菌浓度分别为:复方消毒剂溶液 体积分数37．5％、新洁灵300mg/L、次氯酸钠和次氯酸钙有效氯均为200mg/L、过氧乙酸100mg/L、腆伏有效 碘100mg/L。模拟现场试验结果,完全杀灭泥土载体中埃尔托弧菌所需各种消毒剂剂量分别为:TCIOI有效氯 300mg/L作用3min、消洗灵有效氯600mg/L作用5min、次氯酸钠有效氯500mg/L作用5min、过氧乙酸300mg/L 作用1min;完全杀灭田土载体中埃尔托弧菌所需各种消毒剂剂量均高于泥土中所需剂量;使用次氯酸钠杀灭河水 中埃尔托弧菌需用有效氯20mg/L作用60min;完全杀灭医院污水中埃尔托弧菌需用次氯酸钠有效氯100mg/L作 用60min。     

蜂胶霜和珊瑚姜霜防御日本血吸虫尾蚴感染的研究

目的:观察蜂胶霜和珊瑚姜霜阻止日本血吸虫尾蚴侵入皮肤的效果。方法:在小鼠裸腹上涂不同浓渡的蜂胶霜和珊瑚姜霜,在泥水中模拟下水作业8小时以上后感染日本血吸虫尾蚴。35天后剖杀,用灌注法加撕碎法查找虫体,计算防护率。结果:2.5％的蜂胶霜加2.5％的珊瑚姜霜防护率在93.5％,与对照组相比,有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论:蜂胶霜和珊瑚姜霜可以用来防御日本血吸虫尾蚴感染。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.