Noninvasive assessment of alcoholic liver disease using unidimensional transient elastography(Fibroscan~)

Unidimensional transient elastography(TE) is a noninvasive technique, which has been increasingly used in the assessment of diffuse liver diseases. This paper focuses on reviewing the existing data on the use of TE in the diagnosis of fibrosis and in monitoring disease progression in alcoholic liver disease, on the factors that may influence the result of fibrosis prediction, and last but not least, on its potential use in assessing the steatosis degree. Therefore, this field is far from being exhausted and deserves more attention. Further studies are required, on large groups of biopsied patients, in order to find answers to all the remaining questions in this field.     

受控衰减参数诊断脂肪肝的临界值初探:一项多中心临床研究

目的 评价受控衰减参数(CAP)鉴别5％以上肝脂肪变的临界值及影响因素. 方法 纳入5个中心经“肝活体组织检查”证实的成年(＞18岁)非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)及慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)患者332例,按病理学标准将肝脂肪含量分为S0(＜5％)、S1(≥5％)二个等级.使用FibroScan-502机型及M型探头完成CAP值测定.绘制CAP鉴别5％以上肝脂肪变的受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)及计算曲线下面积(AUROC),采用最大Youden指数判定最佳临界值,并计算此值时的灵敏度及特异度等. 结果 332例患者中NAFLD组67例,年龄中位数及四分位间距(IQR)为39.0 (32.0 ～ 50.5),CHB组同样年龄中位数及IQR为37.0 (28.0 ～ 45.0),男性46例;CHB组共265例,年龄IQR为(28.0 ～ 45.0)岁,中位数为37.0岁,男性182例,两组间年龄、性别差异无统计学意义.多元线性回归分析提示,体质量指数(BMI)及肝脂肪变程度与CAP呈独立正相关.CAP在S0组IQR为(190.0 ～ 241.0) dB/m,中位数为215.0 dB/m,S1组IQR为(255.0 ～ 325.5) dB/m,中位数为294.0 dB/m,S1组显著高于S0组,P＜ 0.01.BMI＜25(kg/m2)时,CAP诊断5％脂肪变的AUROC为0.853,最佳临界值为244.5(dB/m);BMI≥25(kg/m2)时,CAP诊断5％脂肪变的AUROC为0.835,最佳临界值为269.5 dB/m. 结论 CAP可以鉴别5％以上肝脂肪变,适用于脂肪肝的无创诊断,但需要对BMI进行校正.     

FibroTouch检测肝脏受控衰减参数对肝脂肪变的诊断价值分析*

目的 探讨FibroTouch定量检测肝脂肪变受控衰减参数（CAP）诊断肝脏脂肪变程度的价值。方法 2016年8月~2017年10月纳入脂肪肝可疑人群63例,行FibroTouch检测和肝活检检查。采用多元线性回归分析,建立回归方程,构建受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线,计算曲线下面积（AUC）,确定CAP值的诊断效能和影响因素。结果 经肝组织学检查,诊断为S0者36例（57.1%）,NAFLD人群27例,其中S1者12例（19.1%）,S2者9例（14.3%）,S3者6例（9.5%）;其CAP值分别为（200.2±21.2） dB/m、（228.7±51.7） dB/m、（259.4±29.1） dB/m和（320.5±22.4） dB/m;CAP与BMI（r=0.503,P=0.000）、肝细胞脂肪变性程度（r=0.761,P=0.000）呈显著正相关;BMI和肝脂肪变程度为CAP值的独立预测因素;CAP值诊断肝脏脂肪变S1、S2和S3的截断点分别为212 dB/m、246 dB/m和287 dB/m,其敏感度分别为81.5%、86.7%和100.0%,特异度分别为80.6%、91.7%和96.5%。结论 FibroTouch可以有效而准确地诊断和评估肝脏脂肪变性程度,值得进一步研究。     

Controlled attenuation parameter in NAFLD identifies risk of suboptimal glycaemic and metabolic control

Aims

To examine the relationship between steatosis quantified by controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) values and glycaemic/metabolic control.

The importance of serum lipoprotein (a) as an independent risk factor for premature coronary artery disease in middle-aged black and white women from the United States

Abstract. Dahlén GH, Srinivasan SR, Stenlund H, Wattigney WA, Wall S, Berenson GS (Umeå University Hospital and University of Umeå, Umeå, Sweden; and Tulane School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LO, USA). The importance of serum lipoprotein (a) as an independent risk factor for premature coronary artery disease in middle-aged black and white women from the United States. J Intern Med 1998; 244 : 417–24.

Objective

To determine the association of serum levels of lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) with coronary artery disease (CAD) in relation to other risk factor variables in black and white women.

Design

Retrospective case–control study.

Setting

Community of Bogalusa, Louisiana and Cardiac Catherization Laboratory at the Medical Center of Louisiana, New Orleans, USA.

Subjects

The study included 47 female cases (52% black; mean ± SD age: 50.8 ± 6.3 years) with confirmed myocardial infarction (MI) or at least 75% blockage of one or more major epicardial coronary arteries determined by angiography, and 55 controls (60% black; mean ± SD age: 49.6 ± 7.9 years) with no high grade obstructive lesion (<50% blockage) and no history of CAD.

Main outcome measures

Lipoprotein variables, homocysteine, body mass index and cigarette smoking.

Results

In the whole group, mean values of Lp(a), total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), apolipoprotein B (apoB) and very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) were higher (P < 0.05–0.001) and apoA-I was lower (P < 0.05) in cases than in controls. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed elevated levels of Lp(a) (>500 mg L^?1) and LDL-C (>3.36 mmol L^?1) as strong independent risk factors, with odds ratios (with 95% confidence intervals) of 13.6 (4.00–46.30) and 4.64 (1.31–16.49), respectively. ApoA-I, with an odds ratio of 0.11 (0.02—0.64), was a protective factor only at high levels (>53.6 μmol L^?1). Between races, significant odds ratios were noted in the black women for Lp(a) (OR = 15.98; P < 0.01) and LDL-C (OR = 7.69; P < 0.05) and in the white women for only Lp(a) (OR = 15.23; P < 0.01).

Conclusions

Lp(a) is an important risk factor for CAD both in black and in white women.