护理人员对经口气管插管口腔护理认知状况的研究

目的了解重症监护病房护士对经口气管插管口腔护理相关知识的掌握情况、所持的态度和临床实践状况。方法应用自设问卷，采用简单抽样方法向北京市6家三级甲等医院重症监护病房护士发放问卷105份，对问卷调查结果进行分析。结果护理人员对口腔护理基础知识的掌握情况较好，但对于新知识的了解，如牙菌斑、机械通气性肺炎的发生机制等相关知识了解较差；年龄26～35岁、职称为护师的护理人员的知识掌握情况分别好于年龄〉35岁的护理人员和主管护师（P〈0．05）；94．1％的护士认为给插管患者实施口腔护理非常重要；各医院口腔护理临床实践状况不一致。结论应建立统一、科学的经口气管插管口腔护理操作规范，并针对不同层次护理人员开展口腔护理新知识的培训和宣传。     

护理人员对经口气管插管患者口腔护理相关知识掌握情况的调查分析

目的了解护理人员对经口气管插管患者口腔护理相关知识的掌握情况及临床实践情况。方法采用简单方便抽样方法对福州市某三级甲等医院实施经口气管插管口腔护理的护士发放问卷160份,对问卷调查结果进行分析。结果护理人员对口腔护理基础知识的掌握情况较好,但对新知识如机械通气性肺炎的发生机制及呼吸机集束干预策略等了解较差。主管护师知识掌握情况分别好于护士与护师,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论需针对不同层次护理人员开展口腔护理相关知识的培训和宣传,提高临床操作水平。     

经口气管插管病人的口腔护理

经口气管插管的病人常常由于口腔内分泌物多，且无法进行漱口、咳痰等自主行为，容易造成口腔内细菌的聚集；加上大量抗菌药物的使用，易引起口腔内菌群失调，使口腔黏膜出现糜烂、溃疡，产生口腔炎等并发症，加重病人的痛苦。因此．做好这类病人的口腔护理尤为重要。但是，由于病人口腔内放置了气管插管，给护理工作增加了一定的困难。现将对22例经口气管插管病人的口腔护理介绍如下。     

经口气管插管患者口腔护理的研究进展

气管插管行机械通气治疗在危重患者中应用日益广泛。经口气管插管患者由于口腔处于经常性开放状态和自身病情重、机体免疫力低下等因素会增加肺部感染机会,因此口腔护理对机械通气患者具有重要的意义。本文主要综述了ICU经口气管插管行机械通气患者口腔护理的研究进展,以期减少患者口腔异味和呼吸机相关性肺炎(VAP)的发生率。     

护理人员对插管患者口腔护理知识掌握状况的调查分析

目的:了解重症监护病房护士对经口气管插管口腔护理相关知识的掌握情况。方法:应用自设问卷,采用方便抽样方法向北京市6家三级甲等医院重症监护病房护士发放问卷105份。结果:口腔护理基本知识掌握较好,但对于新知识,如牙菌斑,机械通气性肺炎的发生机制等的了解较差;职称为护师的护理人员的知识掌握情况好于主管护师(P<0.05)。结论:应该针对不同层次护理人员开展口腔护理新知识的培训和宣传工作,并为拓宽护士的知识领域提供多元化的教育途径。     

经口气管插管患者的口腔护理研究进展

探讨经口气管插管病人的口腔护理研究进展.通过回顾国内外文献,综合阐述OETT 患者的口腔护理,不同的护理方法、护理用具各有利弊.在临床上针对个体选择不同的操作方法及护理,以切实提高护理质量.     

经口气管插管病人口腔护理方法改进

目的 :为了提高危重病人的基础护理质量 ,我科进行了经口气管插管病人口腔护理方法改进 ,提高了重症监护病房护士的业务水平。方法 :将经口气管插管病人口腔护理传统方法与新方法进行对比。结果 :使用新方法后 ,病人的口腔清洁度明显改善 ,P <0 0 0 5。结论 :使用新方法后 ,可以减少口腔细菌定植 ,减少因口腔分泌物下移引起的相关性肺炎的发生     

经口气管插管病人的口腔护理新进展

目前临床上在抢救急危重症病人时,经常采用经口气管插管行机械通气治疗,但因气管插管引发的呼吸机相关性肺炎（VAP）发生率高达18％-77％,其导致的病死率可达50％～70％。有研究提示,在0．01ml的口咽分泌物中含有10个细菌,并且下呼吸道细菌培养有67％与口腔细菌培养菌株相同^[1],病人口咽部定植菌是进入下呼吸道的重要感染源,因此提高护士对危重病人口腔护理相关知识的认识程度,做好气管插管病人的口腔护理已得到了充分的认识和重视,现结合有关文献综述如下。     

经口气管插管患者口腔护理方法的研究

目的探讨经口气管插管患者有效的口腔护理方法。方法将120例经口气管插管机械通气患者随机分为实验组和对照组各60例。对照组按传统方法用生理盐水棉球擦拭口腔,实验组用生理盐水冲洗加活性银离子抗菌液棉球擦洗,定期观察两组发生口臭、口腔炎性反应、口腔溃疡、肺部感染的情况。结果经统计学处理显示2组有明显差异,实验组各种并发症明显少于对照组(P0.05)。结论使用生理盐水冲洗加活性银离子抗菌液棉球擦洗,可以有效预防各种口腔并发症的发生。     

改良式口腔护理方法对经口气管插管患者口腔护理的效果研究

目的寻找普遍适用于经口气管插管患者的口腔护理方法,预防或减少感染的发生。方法将60例经口气管插管患者随机分为试验组30例和对照组30例,试验组采用改良式口腔护理方法,使用Oral-B牙刷、口镜、吸唾管、棉棒进行口腔护理;对照组采用传统的口腔护理方法。观察两组患者口腔护理后牙菌斑、口腔细菌株数有无差异。结果两组患者口腔护理后牙菌斑指数、口咽菌减少和转阴株数比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论改良式口腔护理方法能有效去除牙菌斑,减少细菌数量,预防感染的发生。     

婴儿手口专用湿巾在患者口腔护理中的应用

目的 探索一种安全、舒适、高效的口腔护理新方法,能让意识清楚的患者更乐于接受并且不增加护士操作的强度和时间.方法 选取2014年10月~2015年12月于本院神经内科住院的留置鼻胃管、意识清楚但生活不能自理的患者207例为研究对象,随机分为对照组106例和实验组101例进行口腔护理.对照组采用0.9%生理盐水棉球口腔擦拭,实验组为婴儿手口专用湿巾口腔擦拭.两组患者口腔护理7d后进行口腔清洁度(护士的评估)评估和舒适度(患者的自我评价)评价,并对口腔并发症、护士的护理用时等进行对比.结果 实验组的口腔清洁度、患者舒适度明显高于对照组(P<0.05);实验组的口腔并发症、护士护理用时低于对照组(P<0.05).结论 采用婴儿手口专用湿巾替代生理盐水用于患者口腔护理能清洁口腔各部位,改善口腔气味,降低口腔并发症,减轻护士的工作量,同时患者乐于接受,对提高临床护理质量有一定的意义,值得临床推广应用.     

Impact of oral care on thirst perception and dry mouth assessments in intensive care patients: An observational study

ObjectivesTo investigate the impact of oral care on thirst perception and dry mouth assessments.Research designSingle-centre observational study.SettingIntensive care unit in a university hospital.Main OutcomeWe assessed thirst perception and dry mouth in adult patients before and after oral care. Thirst perception was assessed using a numerical rating scale and dry mouth was assessed using an oral moisture checking device and the modified Revised Oral Assessment Guide including tongue, mucous membranes and saliva.ResultsEighty-six patients were included. After oral care, thirst scores decreased by 1 (0 to 3, p < 0.01) and remained low only for one hour. Oral moisture was maintained at a normal level ≥ 27.0%, and mROAG was at a low level ≤ 4 before and after the oral care. The numerical rating score did not correlate with oral moisture (ρ = −0.01, p = 0.96) or the modified revised oral assessment guide (ρ = 0.09, p = 0.42). Among patients with thirst, 60 (70%) patients complained of thirst at the assessment timepoints, but only 17 (20%) patients complained independently.ConclusionThirst perception was dissociated from dry mouth before and after oral care. Thirst must be frequently assessed and treated.     

经口气管插管病人的口腔护理干预研究现状

阐述经临床护士对经口气管插管病人口腔护理的认知现状和口气管插管病人口腔护理面临的困难,综述经口气管插管病人的口腔护理干预研究现状,包括口腔护理方法、口腔护理的频次、经口气管插管病人的口腔护理评价指标。     

大学生及护理人员对老年人家庭护理的认知与态度比较

目的 了解承德市医院护士及在校大学生对老年人家庭护理的认知与态度水平,并分析其影响因素.方法 采用问卷调查法对承德市1000名大学生和医院护士进行老年人家庭护理的认知状况与态度水平调查,并对结果进行分析.结果 护士对老年人家庭护理的认知与态度较好于护生,医学生较好于非医学生;不同调查对象对是否期待政府的老年人服务之间差异不明显.结论 应重视家庭成员对老年家庭护理的态度,通过多方途径,加强老年人的家庭照护.     

大学生及护理人员对老年人家庭护理的认知与态度比较

目的 了解承德市医院护士及在校大学生对老年人家庭护理的认知与态度水平,并分析其影响因素.方法 采用问卷调查法对承德市1000名大学生和医院护士进行老年人家庭护理的认知状况与态度水平调查,并对结果进行分析.结果 护士对老年人家庭护理的认知与态度较好于护生,医学生较好于非医学生;不同调查对象对是否期待政府的老年人服务之间差异不明显.结论 应重视家庭成员对老年家庭护理的态度,通过多方途径,加强老年人的家庭照护.     

通讯作者：项娴静,女,护师,大学本科,主要从事临床护理、护理教育

研究目的：探讨护士和患者群体对临床护理中的护理关怀行为的认知和需求。     

Person-centred care among intensive care unit nurses: A cross-sectional study

ObjectivePractising person-centred care is crucial for nurses in the intensive care unit, as patients have high physical and psychological care needs. We aimed to identify the predictors of person-centred care among nurses working in intensive care settings.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, 188 intensive care unit nurses at four tertiary hospitals in two cities of South Korea were included. They completed self-reported questionnaires on emotional intelligence, compassion satisfaction, secondary traumatic stress, burnout, and person-centred care. Emotional intelligence was measured using the Korean version of the Wong and Law’s emotional intelligence scale. Compassion satisfaction, secondary traumatic stress, and burnout were measured by the Professional Quality of Life questionnaire (version 5). Person-centred care was measured using the person-centred critical care nursing scale.ResultsMultiple regression identified compassion satisfaction (β = 0.49, p <.001) as the most powerful predictor of person-centred care, followed by emotional intelligence (β = 0.21, p =.004) and intensive care unit career length (β = 0.17, p =.021). These three variables accounted for 31.0 % of the variance in person-centred care.ConclusionsThis study highlights the importance of career length, emotional intelligence, and compassion satisfaction in the promotion of person-centred care among intensive care unit nurses. Nursing management should contemplate specific measures to reduce turnover among experienced intensive care unit nurses and to enhance the factors that promote person-centred care, such as compassion satisfaction and emotional intelligence.     

Perceptions of nurses towards oral health in palliative care: A qualitative study

BackgroundOral health problems among people receiving palliative care are common and can significantly affect quality of life. Nurses are at the frontline of palliative care in Australia. However, how optimal oral health care is addressed in clinical practice by palliative nurses is not known.AimTo explore the perceptions of nurses working in Australian palliative care settings to determine the acceptability, challenges and recommendations that need to be considered to develop and implement an oral health care model in palliative care settings.MethodsTwo focus groups were conducted with community (n = 8) and inpatient nurses (n = 10) working in urban palliative care settings.FindingsFour main themes were developed through consensus: 1) Oral health is important in the palliative care setting; 2) Additional training could enhance what nurses already do; 3) Barriers to receiving oral care: a structural issue; 4) Exploring alternative pathways to dental services.DiscussionNurses recognised the importance of oral health in palliative care; however, the paucity of set protocols based on existing guidelines meant that oral care was often unstructured. Systemic factors reduced the number of available options for people receiving palliative care to access professional dental treatment. Although alternative solutions, including teledentistry services, were explored, there were some constraints.ConclusionA palliative care oral health model of care would need to integrate existing formal guidelines into a comprehensive framework specific for palliative care nurses and develop palliative care oral health training for them taking into consideration existing barriers for people to receive professional dental treatment.     

护士灾害护理认知及自我效能的影响因素

目的了解影响护士灾害护理认知及自我效能的影响因素并分析其影响程度,为灾害护理的开展与推行提供参考依据。方法采用灾害护理知识认知及自我效能问卷,对本院急救中心和外科监护室101名当日在岗护士进行调查。结果护士灾害护理知识认知得分（47．72±13．78）分,年龄、工作年限及科室与护士知识认知水平呈正相关（r分别为0．208,0．300,0．315;P〈0．05）。自我效能平均得分为（47．92±8．59）分,年龄、工作年限、职称、职务及学历与护士灾害护理自我效能呈正相关（r分别为0．385,0．336,0．331,0．314,0．246;P〈0．05）。结论应根据护士年龄、学历、专业方向、职称、职务并结合当地的灾害发生特点,对其进行系统化灾害护理教育及培训,提高护士灾害护理知识及自我效能水平,为灾害救援工作的顺利开展提供了有力的保障。