Clinical observation on effect of Xiaoyu Zhixue Tablet on 104 patients with idiopathic multifocal bleeding and pletelet aggregation defect

Objective: To explore the effect and pharmacological mechanism of Xiaoyu Zhixue Tablet (XZT).Methods: XZT mainly composed of Chinese medical herbs to replenish Qi and remove stasis was used to treat patients with idiopathic multifocal bleeding and platelet aggregation defect. Patients were divided into 2 groups, the TCM group (104 cases) treated with XZT, and the control group (84 cases) with vitamin C, K and P, adrenosin and/or artificial menstruation, for at least 4 months.Results: The hemostatic effective rate was 92.3% in the TCM group and 27.4% in the control group (P< 0.005), the recovery rate of platelet aggregation after 6 months’ therapy was 69.2% and only 1.8% respectively. The difference between the two groups was very significant (P < 0.005).Conclusion: XZT could regulate the hemostatic action and platelet aggregation     

Clinical study on Shuxuening combined with antipsychotics in treating chronic schizophreniacombined with antipsychotics in treating chronic schizophrenia

Objective: To make a preliminary evaluation of the clinical efficacy of Shuxuening (SXN).Methods: One hundred and forty-nine chronic schizophrenic patients were divided randomly into the SXN group and the control group in a double-blind research. SXN was given to the SXN group and placebo to the control group, and patients of both groups went on receiving the previous antipsychotic treatment. Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Scale for Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) and Treatment Emergent Symptoms Scale (TESS) were used to assess the effects of treatment and side effects of the drug. The evaluation was done before and during the 2nd, 4th, 6th, 10th and 12 th weeks in the course of treatment.Results: SXN was effective by BPRS evaluation (P < 0.05), and even the more effective to negative symptoms than positive symptoms by SANS evaluation (P < 0.05). It was safe and with little side effect. In addition, it was found that the incipience of SXN’ s efficacy was somehow related with the course of disease and the daily dosage used.Conclusion: SXN is worthy of further study n the treatment of chronic schizophrenia.     

Comparative study of Tiaoxue Yisui recipe with SSL regimen in treating infantile chronic aplastic anemia) with SSL regimen in treating infantile chronic aplastic anemia

Objective: To find the effective method in treating infantile chronic aplastic anemia (ICAA) by using traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).Methods: Seventy-eight cases of ICAA were observed, 48 in the treated group were treated with Tiaoxue Yisui recipe, and 30 cases in the control group with SSL regimen.Results: The remission rate and total effective rate in the treated group were 52.08% and 81.25% respectively, which were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). After one year’s treatment the ratio of hemopoietic and non-hemopoietic cells in the treated group was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05).Conclusion: Tiaoxue Yisui recipe could improve the living quality of ICAA patients. The therapeutical mechanism of the recipe might be related to its promoting the proliferation of hemopoietic stem cells and regulating the immune function.     

Clinical study on early senile cataract treated by Shezhu Mingmu powder

Objective: To evaluate the clinical effect of Shezhu Mingmu powder (SZMMP) in treatment of early senile cataract.Methods: A comparison was made between the treatment group, 162 eyes of 92 cases of early senile cataract treated by SZMMP, and the control group, 57 eyes of 30 cases treated by drops baineitini. The treatment periods were one to three months.Results: The total effective rate for the treatment group was 79.01 % and the rate of obvious improvement was 25.31%. In the treatment group both rateswere clearly higher than the rates (36.84% and 7.02%) of the control group. After 4 to 8 months’ following up, treatment of 42 cases showed that most of them reached the best curative effect within 1 to 3 months.Conclusion: SZMMP is obviously effective in improving visual acuity of early senile cataract, but the lens opacity was not changed.     

Clinical observation on 30 cases of chronic renal failure treated with Shentekang Capsule and peritoneal dialysisand peritoneal dialysis

Objective: To evaluate the effect of Shentekang Capsule (STKC) combined with peritoneal dialysis (PD) in treating chronic renal failure (CRF).Methods: With single-blind, parallel control and random method, 60 cases of CRF patients were equally divided into 2 groups: (1) STKC group treated with combined therapy of STKC and PD; (2) control group treated with PD alone. The course of treatment were 1~2 months for both groups. Clinical manifestations, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, total protein and hemoglobin were observed before and after the treatment. Results: Blood urea nitrogen decreased in both groups after treatment as compared with that before treatment significantly (P < 0.05), but no obvious difference was found between blood urea nitrogen levels of the two groups (P > 0. 05). However, levels of serum total protein and hemoglobin of the STKC group after treatment were higher than those of the control group (P < 0.01). Clinical manifestation in STKC group also showed more improvement after treatment than that in the control group. Conclusion: STKC could improve nutritional state and quality of CRF patient’s life treated with PD.     

Clinical biochemical observation on the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis with Gusong II

Objective: To assess the effect of Gusong II in treating postmenopausal osteoporosis and try to reveal its mechanism.Methods: Thirty-five women, 49 to 62 years old, with 5.6 years menopause, were treated as the subjects and followed-up for 6 months, 12 months or 24 months. The course of treatment ranged from 6 months to 25 months with an average of 14 months. Some related biochemical parameters, such as serum estradiol (E₂), testosterone (T), the ratio of fasting urinary calcium to creatinine (Ca/Cr), the ratio of 24h urinary calcium to creatinine (24h Ca/Cr), 24h urinary E₂, and 24h urinary hydroxyproline (HOP) were measured before and after treatment.Results: After 6~9 months or 1~2 years of treatment, the levels of serum E₂ and 24h urinary E₂ were raised significantly, while the levels of serum T and urinary Ca/Cr fell evidently after one or two year’s treatment. The levels of serum E₂ and 24h urinary E₂ were significantly correlated with the levels of fasting urinary Ca/Cr, 24h urinary Ca/Cr, serum T, and 24h urinary HOP respectively.Conclusions: Gusong-II can elevate the serum E₂ levels of postmenopausal women, reduce the discharge of urinary calcium and HOP, and inhibit bone resorption. The rise of the serum E₂ level might be correlated with the conversion of T to E₂.     

Prospective study on intelligence quotient of hepatic lenticular degeneration patients treated with combined traditional Chinese and Western medicine

Objective: To assess the efficacy of hepatic lenticular degeneration (HLD) relief decoction in treating HLD.Methods: Intelligence quotient (IQ) of 28 (HLD) patients was analysed with Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-revised by China (WAIS-RC) before and after treatment by the HLD-Relief decoction supplemented with copper-clearing drug, and the result was compared with that of 30 healthy persons for control.Results: The Vocable IQ (VIQ), Performance IQ (PIQ) and Full IQ (FIQ) of HLD patients were markedly lower than those of the control (P<0.005), especially in visual space disorder, which indicated that the copper ion depositing in patient’s brain not only damaged neuronic motorial functions but also produced a marked effect on the patient’s intelligence. After treatment, the intelligence levels including VIQ, PIQ and FIQ was raised, particularly in PIQ in which all scores were obviously increased (P< 0.001). It was also shown that the damage of intelligence in HLD patients became more serious as the course of disease was prolonged and early treatment facilitated the IQ level to approach the normal criterion.Conclusion: The combined treatment is effective to the recovery of intelligence and extrapyramidal symptoms in HLD patients.     

Prevention of tumor necrosis factor-a induced insulin resistance by Radix Astragali

Objective: To investigate the preventive effect of Radix Astragali on tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-a) induced insulin resistance.Methods: Rats were treated orally with Radix Astragali before TNF-α intravenous injection. The changes of K value in glucose-insulin tolerance test, the concentrations of glucagon (GC), ACTH and lipids in serum and the contents of glycogen, triglyceride (TG) in liver and red quadriceps were tested 4 hours after the injection and compared with the control.Results: Exogenous TNF-α can induce hyperinsulinemia in normal rats, and the K value decreased, the concentration of serum ACTH, GC and lipids all increased, the glycogen contents in liver and red quadriceps muscle decreased, and the liver TG depots increased. Radix Astragali can improve all the parameters significantly except the serum lipids level and liver triglyceride depots.Conclusions: Radix Astragali has preventive effect on insulin resistance induced by TNF-α and is useful in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. The mechanism may be due to the decrease of insulin-antagonistic hormones and the increase of tissue glycogen contents.     

Effect of Reduqing on TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, IL-8 and PAF levels in endotoxin-lnduced DIC model of rabbits) on TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, IL-8 and PAF levels in endotoxin-lnduced DIC model of rabbits

Objective: To study the mechanism of anti-endotoxemic effect of Reduqing Injection (RDQ) and to explore the essence of traditional Chinese “heat-clearing and detoxifying therapy”.Methods: A disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) model was made in rabbits by intravenous injection with E. coli endotoxin. Increased plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8) and platelet activating factor (PAF), as well as the ex-vivo LPS-induced interleukin-1 (IL-1) production in peripheral blood monocytes were observed in model (M) group.Results: Same parameters were significantly lower in RDQ and dexamethasone (DXM) groups than those in the M group (P<0.01,P<0.05). Histopathological examination showed severe damage of the liver, lungs and kidneys in the rabbits of M group, in contrast, only mild affects were seen in the RDQ and DXM groups.Conclusions: RDQ exhibits protective effect on rabbits against endotoxin-induced DIC. The suppression of cytokines and inflammatory mediator PAF by RDQ may play a central role in the inhibition of endotoxin-induced DIC cascade.     

Effects of Qarlicin on unstable angina pectoris and its relationship with blood lipid and granule membrane protein-140

Objective: To observe the clinical effects of Garlicin on unstable angina pectoris (UAP) and explore how the Garlicin’s effects vary among syndromes as defined by traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).Methods: Fifty-five patients with UAP were randomly divided into the Garlicin group (34 patients) and the control group (21 patients). Each patient was classified according to TCM Syndrome Differentiation as having Cold Syndrome type, Heat Syndrome type, severe blood stasis (SBS) type, and mild blood stasis (MBS) type of UAP. Garlicin 60 mg or nitroglycerin 5 mg was given to the two groups respectively by intravenous drip for 10 days as one therapeutic course. The curative effect was evaluated by symptomatic changes and electrocardiogram. The effective rates as well as indexes such as blood lipid, lipoprotein, apolipoprotein, and granule membrane protein-140 (GMP-140) were compared between groups and types.Results: Garlicin and nitroglycerin group did not differ significantly in effective rate, while that of Garlicin group was higher for the Cold Syndrome type than that of Heat Syndrome type (P < 0. 01). The high density lipoprotein/low density lipoprotein ratio and apolipoprotein A-I level rose markedly in the former type (P < 0.05), while an opposite trend was seen in the Heat Syndrome type. Garlicin was more effective in the SBS type than that in the MBS type, and it markedly decreased GMP-140 in the MBS type.Conclusions: Garlicin is effective in UAP, especially the Cold Syndrome and SBS types. Its mechanism may involve improving blood lipid levels and inhibiting platelet activation.     

Study on effect of Baoyuan Qiangshen Tablet No. I in prolongating interval of hemodialysis in patients of renal disease in terminal stagein prolongating interval of hemodialysis in patients of renal disease in terminal stage

Objective: To evaluate the effect of Baoyuan Qiangshen Tablet No. I (BYQS), a Chinese herbal medicine for reinforcing Kidney, activating circulation and eliminating evil Turbid factors, in prolongating interval of hemodialysis in patients of terminal stage of renal disease (TSRD).Methods: Twenty cases of TSRD were treated with BYQS combined with hemodialysis once every 5 days and the effect was observed and compared with control group treated with routine hemodialysis once every 3 days.Results: The increasing levels of serum creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen of BYQS group at dialysis interval were all lower than those of the control group (P < 0.01). After 3 months’ treatment, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen of BYQS group were lower than those before treatment, plasma albumin, lipoprotein, urine level of prostaglandin and anemia were all improved to various extent, but the creatinine clearance rate was unchanged. Conclusions: BYQS could prolong the interval and reduce the times of dialysis by way of regulating the lipid metabolic disorder, improving pathological change of kidney and protecting function of residual kidney unit. BYQS combined with hemodialysis is a good way of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine in treating TSRD.     

Clinical study on effect of Kang’aibao oral liquid in treating 103 patients of malignant tumor) in treating 103 patients of malignant tumor

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of Kang’aibao oral liquid (KABL), a Chinese herbal preparation in treating malignant tumor of middle or advanced stage.Methods: A comparative study was done by observing the effect of 103 patients treated with KABL, and another 90 patients treated with chemotherapy at the same time were taken as the control group.Results: The immunologic function, short-term effective rate (complete relieved rate and partial relieved rate), survival quality, 1-, 2- and 3-year survival rate, median survival time, and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) declining rate of the KABL group were significantly higher than those of the control group.Conclusion: KABL has the effects of inhibiting tumor growth, prolonging survival time and improving survival quality of tumor patients.     

Protective effect of ecdysterone on PC12 cells cytotoxicity induced by Beta-amyloid25–35

Objective: To examine the protective effect of ecdysterone (ECR) against beta-amyloid peptide fragment_25–35 (A?_25–35)-induced PC12 cells cytotoxicity, and to further explore its mechanism.Methods: Experimental PC12 cells were divided into the A? group (treated by A?_25–35 100 μmol/L), the blank group (untreated), the positive control group (treated by Vit E 100 μmol/L after induction) and the ECR treated groups (treated by ECR with different concentrations of 1, 50 and 100 μmol/L). The damaged and survival condition of PC12 cells in various groups was monitored by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and MTT assay. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) was measured by fluorometric assay to indicate the lipid peroxidation. And the antioxidant enzymes activities in PC12 cells, including Superoxide dismutases(SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px), were detected respectively.Results: After PC12 cells were treated with A?_25–35 (100 μmol/L) for 24 hrs, they revealed a great decrease in MTT absorbance and activity of antioxidant enzymes, including SOD, CAT and GSH-Px as well as a significant increase of LDH activity and MDA content in PC12 cells (P<0.01). When the cells was pretreated with 1 – 100 μmol/L ECR for 24 hrs before A?_25–35 treatment, the above-mentioned cytotoxic effect of A?_25–35 could be significantly attenuated dose-dependently, for ECR 50 μmol/L,P<0.05 and for ECR 100 μmol/L,P<0.01. Moreover, ECR also showed significant inhibition on the A?_25–35 induced decrease of SOD and GSH-Px activity, but not on that of CAT.Conclusion: ECR could protect PC12 cells from cytotoxicity of A?_25–35, and the protective mechanism might be related to the increase of SOD and GSH-Px activities and the decrease of MDA resulting from the ECR-pretreatment.     

Effects of Tangshenkang capsule on diabetic nephropathyon diabetic nephropathy

Objective: To study the effects of Chinese herbal medicine Tangshenkang (TSK) capsule on diabetic nephropathy (DN).Method: Fifty-seven patients with DN were randomly divided into two groups, the TSK-treated group and the control group-Results: Serious disorders of metabolism showed in DN patients, displayed high levels of thromboxane B₂/6-keto-prostaglandin F_1α(TXB2/6-keto-PGF_lα) ratio and lipid peroxide (LPO) as compared with those of healthy persons. After 6 weeks treatment with TSK, the urinary albumin level reduced obviously (by 51%), renal plasma flow (RPF) increased, glomerular filtration rate and LPO levels decreased. A positive correlation was observed between albuminuria level and TXB2/6-keto-PGF_lα ratio. The clearance rate of creatinine didn’t improve significantly. In the control group, no significant difference in the above-mentioned parameters between pre-treatment and post-treatment was found.Conclusion: TSK capsule possessed a significant effect in improving urinary albumin and glomerular function. These effects might be due to the property of TSK in adjusting TXB2/6-keto-PGF_lα ratio and its lipid-peroxidation in DN patients.     

The effect of Xin’an capsule on ventricular arrthythmia in animals) on ventricular arrthythmia in animals

Objective: To observe the effects of Xin’an capsule (XAC) on experimental ventricular arrhythmia (EVA) in animals and to explore the possible mechanism.Methods: Three types of animal arrhythmic model (ventricular arrythmia in guinea pigs induced by Ouabin, in rats caused by reperfusion after ligation of descending anterior branch of coronary artery and by CaCl₂) were used to study the effects of XAC on ventricular arrhythmia (VA).Results: After XAC treatment, the dosage of Ouabin needed for inducing ventricular premature beat (VPB), ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation (VF) increased in guinea pigs. The sustaining time of reperfusion induced VT and total occurrence of ventricular arrhythmias decreased. XAC also showed an effect in increasing CaCl₂ dosage needed to cause VA, and decreased the occurrence of VF and death in rats     

Xiaozhiling () four-step injection in treating hemorrhoids of stages III and IV — a sclerotherapeutic approach of thrombosing branches of Artery Rectalis Superiorfour-step injection in treating hemorrhoids of stages III and IV — a sclerotherapeutic approach of thrombosing branches of Artery Rectalis Superior

Objectice: Traditional Chinese medicine has a long history of over 2,000 years in treating piles, based on the principle “Sore herbs can be stringent while the puckery can control prolapse”, and a large amount of precious experience has been accumulated.Methods: Prepared mainly with such effective compositions as gallnut (Galla Chinensis) and alum, Xiaozhiling (XZL) was applied in treating piles of stages III and IV. Fourstep injections were given at (1) the branches of artery rectalis superior (ARS), (2) the submucosa, (3) the mucous lamina propria, and (4) the sinous veins. The injection obliterated the ARS and made piles sclerosed, atrophied and finally disappear.Results: From 1987 to 1996, piles of stages III and IV were treated of 21,361 cases. Of all the cases, 21,148 (99%) were cured, 203 (0.95%) improved and 10 (0.05%) ineffective for whom surgery was used. Of the 620 cases who were followed up 3 years after treatment, it recurred in only 6 cases (prolapse, 1 %).Conclusion: This method summarized a relatively ideal non-operative approach in the treatment of piles of stages III and IV.     

Study on the anti-liver fibrosis effect of benefit liver granule and its mechanism in rats

Objective

To explore the effect of Benefit Liver Granule (BLG), a traditional Chinese medical preparation, in antagonizing liver fibrosis and its possible mechanism.

Methods

Carbon tetrachloride was used to establish the experimental liver fibrosis model of rat. The model rats were randomly divided into 4 groups and BLG, Astragalus (As), Salvia (Sa) and normal saline (for control) respectively were given to them by gastrogavage. Changes of serum alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), transforming growth factor α(TGF-α), interleukine-6 (IL-6), liver content of hydroxyproline (Hyp), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malonyldialdehyde (MDA) as well as liver pathology after treatment were observed. A normal control group was also established for control.

Results

Pathological examination showed that in the saline group, the structure of normal hepatic lobuli was destroyed with swelled liver cells, focal necrosis, extensive fatty degeneration, and focal inflammatory cell infiltration. Small amounts of proliferated fiber tissue were found in the intra-lobular area, peri-central vein area, portal area and limiting plate area, and formation of pseudolobuli was also seen. In the 3 treated groups, the serum ALT, AST, TGF-α and IL-6 as well as liver content of Hyp, and MDA were lower and SOD were higher than those in the control group significantly,P<0.05 orP<0.01.

Conclusion

BLG, As and Sa have the action of anti-liver fibrosis, while BLG has the best effect. The mechanisms are probably related to their effects in regulating TGF-α and IL-6, reducing collagen fiber synthesis, promoting free radical scavenge and anti-lipid peroxidation.     

Study on effect of kangyanling ()on cytokine and C-reactive protein inpatients of systemic inflammatory reaction syndrome and multi-organ dysfunction syndrome after abdominal surgery)on cytokine and C-reactive protein inpatients of systemic inflammatory reaction syndrome and multi-organ dysfunction syndrome after abdominal surgery

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy and mechanism of Kangyanling (KYL) in treating patients with systemic inflammatory reaction syndrome and multi-organ dysfunction syndrome ( SIRS/MODS) after abdominal surgery.Methods: Eighty-two patients of SIRS/MODS after abdominal surgery were divided into two groups according to admission time, the KYL treated group (n = 35) and the control group (n = 47). The levels of serum C-reactive protein (CRP), plasma tumor necrosis factor a (TNFα ) and interleukin-6 ( IL-6 ) were measured at the 1st, 3rd and 7th days post-operationally.Results: The levels of CRP, TNFa and IL-6 decreased gradually after surgical operation in both groups, but the reducing velocity was shorter in the KYL group than that in the control group, so the comparison of the levels in the two groups showed significant difference on the 3rd day after operation.Conclusion: KYL could inhibit the release of inflammatory mediator and relieve the inflammatory response so as to treat post-operational SIRS/MODS effectively.     

Observation of the clinical therapeutic effect of gandou tablet i on hepatolenticular degeneration

Methods

Thirtyfour patients with HLD took Gandou Tablet I for 4 weeks, their changes of symptoms, signs and daily life pattern were observed closely, and the levels of urinary trace element in 24 hours before the therapy and every week after initiation of treatment were measured.

Results

The total effective rate reached 70.59%, with markedly effective rate being 8.82%. The therapeutic effect was much better in the child and mild patients. After treatment, the daily urinary copper output was obviously increased every week compared with that before (P< 0.01). Although it was highly negative linear correlated with the duration of treatment (γ= -0.96,P< 0.05), it has insignificant difference between any two weekly excretion of urinary copper per 24 hours after treatment (P<0.05). So its effect on urinary copper excretion was not decreased.

Conclusion

Gandou Tablet I could increase the output of urinary copper, hence it was effective in treating HLD without apparent toxic or side reaction.     

Research on treatment of female idiopathic precocious puberty with combined traditional Chinese medicine and megestrol acetate

Objective: To find effective therapeutic approach for treating true idiopathic precocious puberty suitable to our national condition and different from gonadotrophin releasing hormone analogue.Methods: One hundred and six girls with idiopathic precocious puberty were divided into 3 groups. The 51 girls in the TCM-WM group were treated with Chinese herbal medicine combined with megestrol acetate (MA), 35 girls in the MA group treated with megestrol acetate alone, and 20 girls were taken as control group and given no treatment at all. Luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) stimulating test were performed before and after treatment, and the size of the uterus and ovary, linear growth rate, X-ray bone age measurement and final height prediction were also observed simultaneously.Results: After treated with TCM-WM for 2.7 years in average, the luteinizing hormone (LH) peak value of LHRH stimulating test was reduced from 48.5 ± 5.2 IU/L to 12. 2 ± 1.3 IU/L, size of uterus and ovary decreased, secondary sexual characteristics regressed, the bone age difference/chronological age difference value (ΔBA/ΔCA) reduced from 1.35 ± 0.09 to 0.65 ± 0.05 and predictive final height increased from 153.3 ± 0.5 cm to 158.5 ± 0.6 cm.Conclusion: TCM-WM therapy could not only modulate the function of hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis and the development of internal genitalia, but also could decelerate skeletal growth, delay skeletal maturation, and thereby prevent premature epiphyseal fusion and increase the final height of patients.