血管内皮生长因子C在人胃癌淋巴道转移的作用

目的　探讨人胃癌组织血管内皮生长因子C(VEGF -C)表达与淋巴管密度及胃癌淋巴道转移的关系。方法　采用免疫组化SP法检测 6 8例人胃癌组织中VEGF -C和淋巴管内皮标记物血管内皮生长因子受体 3(VEGFR -3) ,计算VEGF -C表达阳性率及胃癌微淋巴管密度 (LMVD)。结果　淋巴结阳性标本VEGF -C阳性率显著高于淋巴结阴性标本组 (70 0 5 % 30 0 0 % ,χ2 =9.2 6 ,P <0 .0 5 ) ;VEGF -C阳性组淋巴管密度明显高于VEGF -C阴性组(2 9.6 0 2 1.4 0 ,t=2 .17,P <0 .0 5 ) ;淋巴结转移阳性组淋巴管密度明显高于淋巴结阴性组 (31.6 0 2 0 .2 0 ,t=3.0 9,P <0 .0 5 )。结论　VEGF -C的表达与胃癌的淋巴结转移关系密切 ;VEGF -C主要通过调节胃癌组织微淋巴管的生成而促进其淋巴结转移 ;微淋巴管密度为胃癌淋巴结转移的重要影响因素。     

非小细胞肺癌存活素蛋白和VEGF表达与HPV感染的关系

目的探究非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)存活素(survivin)蛋白、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)表达及其与人乳头状瘤病毒(HPV)感染的关系。方法选取2018年1月-2019年6月唐山市工人医院收治的100例NSCLC患者为研究对象,采集病例患者新鲜癌组织标本和癌旁组织标本,免疫组化分析NSCLC癌组织和癌旁组织中survivin蛋白、VEGF、HPV表达情况,分析NSCLC患者survivin蛋白、VEGF表达与HPV感染及病理特征的关系。结果 NSCLC患者癌组织survivin蛋白、VEGF、HPV表达阳性率分别为89.00%(89/100)、96.00%(96/100)、39.00%(39/100)高于癌旁组织(P<0.001)。39例HPV感染NSCLC患者survivin阳性15例,survivin阴性24例,HPV感染NSCLC患者survivin阳性组分化程度为低分化、淋巴结有转移的占比分别为53.33%(8/15)、46.67%(7/15)高于survivin阴性组(P<0.05)。39例HPV感染NSCLC患者VEGF阳性19例,VEGF阴性20例,HPV感染NSCLC患者VEGF阳性组临床分期为III期、Ⅳ期、分化程度为低分化、淋巴结有转移的占比分别为71.43%(10/14)、100.00%(1/1)、90.91%(10/11)、88.89%(8/9)高于VEGF阴性组(P<0.05)。NSCLC患者survivin蛋白、VEGF表达阳性率与HPV阳性率呈正相关(P<0.001)。结论 NSCLC患者survivin蛋白、VEGF表达与HPV感染密切相关,HPV感染可能是通过上调survivin蛋白、VEGF的表达,而参与NSCLC患者的恶性生物学行为。     

联合检测血管内皮生长因子与内皮因子在宫颈癌组织中的表达及其临床意义

目的探讨血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)与内皮因子(CD105)在宫颈癌组织中的表达及其临床意义,为临床诊治提供参考依据。方法应用免疫组织化学方法 (S-P法)对宫颈癌组织(72例)和正常宫颈癌组织(48例)的VEGF表达情况进行检测,其中新生血管的内皮细胞标记采用CD105,肿瘤内微血管的密度计算方法为Weidner法。同时对宫颈癌组织中的VEGF、CD105和分化程度、临床分期情况之间的关系进行分析。结果宫颈癌组患者VEGF阳性表达率(76. 39%)显著高于宫颈正常组(10. 42%),差异有统计学意义(P0. 05);Ⅰ～Ⅱ期宫颈癌患者组织中VEGF的表达较Ⅲ～Ⅳ期患者弱,差异有统计学意义(P0. 05),宫颈癌中淋巴结转移者VEGF的表达显著高于淋巴结未转移者,差异有统计学意义(P0. 05),宫颈癌组织中VEGF的表达水平与患者年龄、组织类型及分化程度等无关,差异无统计学意义(均P 0. 05);宫颈癌组CD105-MVD(31. 51±2. 702)显著高于正常宫颈组(1. 76±2. 113),差异有统计学意义(P0. 05);Ⅰ～Ⅱ期宫颈癌患者CD105-MVD显著低于Ⅲ～Ⅳ期患者,差异有统计学意义(P0. 05),宫颈癌淋巴结转移患者CD105-MVD显著高于宫颈癌淋巴结未转移者,差异有统计学意义(P0. 05),宫颈癌组织CD105的表达与患者年龄、分化程度、类型之间无相关性,差异无统计学意义(均P0. 05);宫颈癌组VEGF阳性患者中位生存时间(22. 5个月)明显短于VEGF阴性患者中位生存时间(31. 5个月),差异有统计学意义(P0. 05)。结论 VEGF与CD105在宫颈癌组织中高表达,临床FIGO病理分期增加以及淋巴结发生转移的宫颈癌患者中VEGF与CD105的阳性表达率均高于FIGO分期低与淋巴结未转移者,证实在宫颈癌疾病的发展、淋巴结转移过程中VEGF与CD105的联合检测对于患者的预后评估具有重要应用价值。     

VEGF蛋白表达及VEGF-2578C/A等位基因频率与非小细胞肺癌临床特征、预后的关系

目的 探讨血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)蛋白表达及VEGF-2578C/A等位基因频率与非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)临床特征、预后的关系。 方法 纳入中国人民解放军海军安庆医院2018年3月—2020年2月收治的NSCLC患者80例。收集患者的临床资料,包括性别、年龄、吸烟史、病理类型、临床分期、淋巴结转移、家族史、手术方式、化疗周期、化疗方案。采集癌组织,经免疫组化法测定癌组织中VEGF蛋白表达情况,经聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性技术测定VEGF-2578C/A等位基因的分布情况。分析VEGF蛋白表达、VEGF-2578C/A等位基因频率及癌旁组织与患者临床特征的关系。随访2年,根据患者的预后情况,分成生存组、死亡组。比较两组VEGF蛋白表达与VEGF-2578C/A等位基因的分布情况。 结果 在80例患者中,VEGF阳性49例(61.25%),癌旁组织阳性10例(12.50%)。VEGF阳性者的临床分期Ⅲ～Ⅳ、淋巴结转移占比显著高于VEGF阴性者(均P＜0.05)。在80例患者中,VEGF-2578C/A等位基因频率分别为CC型49例(61.25%),AA型6例(7.50%),CA型25例(31.25%)。其中CC型的临床分期Ⅲ～Ⅳ、淋巴结转移占比显著高于CA型(均P＜0.05)。通过电话随访2年,提示56例(70.00%)生存,24例(30.00%)死亡。死亡组VEGF阳性、VEGF-2578C/A等位基因CC型占比显著高于生存组(均P＜0.05)。 结论 非小细胞肺癌临床分期Ⅲ～Ⅳ、淋巴结转移患者的VEGF蛋白表达以阳性为主,VEGF-2578C/A等位基因主要为CC型,且VEGF蛋白阳性、CC型患者的预后更差。     

胃癌组织中CEA和CD147表达及对预后的影响

目的探讨胃癌组织中癌胚抗原(CEA)和CD147表达情况及对预后的影响。方法收集2016年6月至2017年10月在辽宁中医药大学附属第三医院手术切除的胃癌组织标本126例,另随机抽取距胃癌组织边缘5 cm的癌旁组织80例为对照,SP免疫组化法检测CEA和CD147蛋白表达情况。术后随访患者,进行生存状况分析。结果 126例胃癌组织中CEA、CD147阳性率分别为68.3%(86/126)、77.8%(98/126),明显高于癌旁组织中的阳性率0.0%(0/80)、25.0%(20/80),差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。TNM分期、淋巴结转移情况、总生存期在CEA阳性表达与阴性表达患者间差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05),其中CEA阳性表达患者TNM分期、淋巴结转移率明显偏高,总生存期明显偏低。TNM分期、肿瘤浸润深度、淋巴结转移情况、总生存期在CD147阳性表达与阴性表达患者间差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05),其中CD147阳性表达患者TNM分期、浸润深度、淋巴结转移率明显偏高,总生存期明显偏低。Spearman相关性分析显示,胃癌组织中CD147与CEA表达水平呈正相关(r=0.383,P0.05)。胃癌术后总生存期3年、≥3年的患者CEA阳性率分别为88.6%(62/70)、42.9%(24/56),差异有统计学意义(P0.05);CD147阳性率分别为88.6%(62/70)、64.3%(36/56),差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。胃癌术后CEA阳性表达与阴性表达的患者中位生存期分别为27、45个月,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);CD147阳性表达与阴性表达的患者中位生存期分别为35、42个月,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 CEA和CD147表达与胃癌浸润、转移相关,二者在胃癌组织中可能具有协同作用,可促进胃癌的侵袭和转移;CEA和CD147可作为胃癌术后患者生存时间的预测指标。     

PINCH蛋白在预测非小细胞肺癌淋巴结转移及预后的作用研究

目的探讨PINCH蛋白在非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）中的表达及其与淋巴结转移和患者预后之间的关系。方法应用免疫组化EnVision法检测185例NSCLC及癌旁组织中PINCH蛋白的表达,分析其表达与患者术后淋巴结转移及预后之间的关系。结果 NSCLC组织中PINCH阳性表达率明显高于癌旁组织（P〈0.01）。PINCH在NSCLC组织中的表达与淋巴结转移密切相关（P〈0.01）。PINCH阳性表达组术后5年生存率为20.5%（16/78）,而PINCH阴性表达组5年生存率为52.3%（56/107）,两组间比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。Cox回归多因素分析表明PINCH表达是影响NSCLC患者预后的独立预后因素（P〈0.05）。结论 PINCH蛋白的表达可能在NSCLC发生淋巴结转移过程中发挥重要作用;检测其表达状态将可能有助于临床医生预测NSCLC患者的预后,并为NSCLC的分子靶向治疗提供新的靶点和思路。     

血管内皮生长因子-C及其受体-3在胃癌组织中的表达及其与患者预后的关系

目的探讨胃癌组织中血管内皮生长因子-C(VEGF-C)及其受体-3(VEGFR-3)的表达与胃癌患者预后的关系。方法免疫组化Elivision TM Plus法检测81例发生淋巴结转移和72例未发生淋巴结转移的患者胃癌组织及其癌旁组织中VEGF-C及VEGFR-3的表达。结果 VEGF-C主要表达于肿瘤细胞的胞浆内,而VEGFR-3主要表达于淋巴管的内皮细胞上。淋巴结阳性组中VEGF-C及VEGFR-3阳性率明显高于淋巴结阴性组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),且二者在淋巴结转移的胃癌组织中的表达强度也明显高于在未发生淋巴结转移的胃癌组织中的表达强度,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。VEGF-C阳性的患者及VEGFR-3阳性的患者其生存率均明显低于VEGF-C或VEGFR-3阴性的患者,且VEGFC和VEGFR-3双阳性的患者预后最差,生存率最低。结论 VEGF-C及VEGFR-3的表达可作为胃癌患者预后的一个风险评估因素。     

MMP-2mRNA表达与胃癌临床病理及预后的关系

目的探讨胃癌组织基质金属蛋白酶-2(MMP-2)mRNA表达与胃癌临床病理及预后的关系.方法 RT-PCR方法检测67例胃癌患者癌组织及癌旁≥5cm组织MMP-2mRNA的表达,生存分析采用Kaplan-Meier方法.结果 67例胃癌组织及癌旁5cm组织MMP-2mRNA阳性表达分别为31及19例,差异均有显著性;胃癌组织MMP-2mRNA表达与肿瘤有无淋巴结转移(分别为61.9%及39.1%)有显著相关;MMP-2mRNA阳、阴性表达者平均生存时间(分别为30.41月及46.51月)差异无显著性.结论 MMP-2在胃癌发生、侵袭和转移过程中可能发挥重要作用,但MMP-2mRNA表达可能不能作为判断胃癌预后的独立指标.     

血管内皮生长因子和基质金属蛋白酶-9在非小细胞肺癌中的表达及临床意义

目的研究非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）组织中血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）及基质金属蛋白酶-9（MMP-9）的表达情况,探讨VEGF及MMP-9在NSCLC侵袭和转移中的作用。方法应用免疫组织化学SABC法检测23例肺良性病变组织、30例NSCLC癌旁正常肺组织及111例NSCLC组织中VEGF及MMP-9的表达水平。结果NSCLC组织中VEGF及MMP-9的阳性表达率均高于肺良性病变组织和NSCLC癌旁正常肺组织（P〈0.05）。VEGF和MMP-9的表达随组织分化程度的降低而升高（P〈0.05）;在腺癌中MMP-9的阳性表达率高于鳞癌（P〈0.05）。VEGF和MMP-9的阳性表达率随TNM分期增高而升高（P〈0.05）,VEGF的阳性表达率随肿瘤增大而升高（P〈0.05）。有淋巴结转移者VEGF和MMP-9的阳性表达率高于无淋巴结转移者（P〈0.05）;存活1 a以内、1-3 a的患者VEGF和MMP-9的阳性表达率均高于存活3-5 a者（P〈0.05）。结论VEGF和MMP-9可能在NSCLC的侵袭和转移中发挥重要作用,可作为评估NSCLC的侵袭、转移和预后的参考指标。     

生长因子在原发性肝细胞癌中的表达及与预后的相关性

目的探讨血清血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、胰岛素原生长因子Ⅱ(IGF-Ⅱ)、转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)在原发性肝细胞癌(HCC)中的表达及与预后的相关性,为HCC的靶向治疗和预后评估提供参考。方法选取福建医科大学附属第二医院2015年1月至2018年1月收治的98例经病理确诊的HCC患者作为研究对象,均行手术治疗,收集手术标本(肝癌组织标本及癌旁组织标本),采用免疫组化法检测VEGF、IGF-Ⅱ和TGF-β1,比较肝癌组织和癌旁组织VEGF、IGF-Ⅱ和TGF-β1阳性表达率差异,分析VEGF、IGF-Ⅱ和TGF-β1与临床病理特征之间的关系,所有患者均随访截止至2019年3月,观察患者生存状况。采用SPSS 19.0软件进行χ2检验,采用Kaplan-Meier生存曲线分析VEGF、IGF-Ⅱ和TGF-β1对临床预后的影响,中位生存期的比较采用log-rank检验。结果肝癌组织VEGF、IGF-Ⅱ和TGF-β1阳性表达率均明显高于癌旁组织,差异均有统计学意义(P0.01)。VEGF、IGF-Ⅱ和TGF-β1的表达与HCC患者分化程度、淋巴结转移、TNM分期、包膜完整性、门静脉癌栓、Child-puge分级和甲胎蛋白表达均存在明显的相关性(P0.05),与性别、年龄、肿瘤大小和病灶数量没有相关性(P0.05)。98例HCC患者中6例失访,92例患者获得随访,随访率为93.88%,VEGF、IGF-Ⅱ和TGF-β1阳性组1年生存率、3年生存率均明显低于阴性组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。VEGF阳性组中位生存期为25个月,阴性组中位生存期为37个月;IGF-Ⅱ阳性组中位生存期为25个月,阴性组中位生存期为37个月;TGF-β1阳性组中位生存期为24个月,阴性组中位生存期为37个月,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 HCC患者VEGF、IGF-Ⅱ和TGF-β1均呈高表达,可作为肝癌的辅助诊断指标,且与HCC病情进展及远期预后存在相关性。     

Calcium intake in the elderly: validation of a dietary questionnaire

Epidemiological studies of calcium and osteoporosis have been hampered by the lack of a suitable tool for assessing calcium intake. This report describes a new frequency and amount questionnaire for measuring present and past calcium intake in the elderly. The validity of the questionnaire was tested against two commonly used standards of dietary assessment, five-day duplicate diets and seven-day weighed dietary inventories. The resulting correlation coefficients were, respectively, r = 0.76 and r = 0.69, while that for repeatability was r = 0.84. Furthermore, the questionnaire categorized subjects into thirds of the distribution of intake with almost no gross misclassification. It is suggested that the present findings may be extended to the majority of normal, healthy elderly subjects, implying wide application for the questionnaire in the assessment of calcium intake in the elderly.     

Self-reported health problems among Swedish miners one year after unemployment

Unemployment is considered to be a public health concern sincedeterioration in the health of the unemployed is often anticipated.However, for some groups, such as miners, unemployment mightimprove health due to a cessation of potentially harmful occupationalexposures. This study evaluates the health of 79 miners in oneSwedish iron-ore mine, and 226 age-matched controls from thegeneral population, during one year after the closure of themine. The participants received a questionnaire regarding medicalhistory and subjective symptoms at the beginning of the studyperiod, and after one year. Statistically significant negativeeffects on self-reported health attributable to unemploymentwere not found, although neuropsychiatric symptoms were morecommon among the unemployed miners. The miners reported a statisticallysignificant improvement in grip force (p=0.031). They had asignificantly higher prevalence of symptoms associated withmining related exposures when compared with the population controls;pain in the upper extremities [relative risk (RR)=2.27, 95%confidence interval (Cl)=1.44–3.59), back pain (RR=1.84;Cl=1.237–2.75), vasospastic disease of the fingers (RR=2.05;Cl=1.18–3.57) and obstructive respiratory symptoms (attacksof dyspnea and wheezing: RR=3.67; Cl=1.167–11.6).     

Excès de cas humains et animaux de tularémie en France au cours de l’hiver 2007–2008 : émergence ou phénomène isolé ?

Context

Tularemia is a zoonosis affecting humans and hares in France. We describe the results of surveillance in both species, in 2007 and 2008.

Methods

Human tularemia cases are mandatorily notifiable in France since 2003. In hares, surveillance relies on volunteer hunter associations in all districts of the country. Data from mandatory reports and volunteer surveillance in 2007/2008 were analyzed and compared with previous results.

Results

In 2007/2008, 144 cases were reported in humans and 117 cases in hares. This was a 100% increase compared to previous years. Human cases differed from those of previous years only by the frequency of contact with breeding animals. Human cases without any documented risk exposure were also more frequent.

Conclusion

An increase of tularemia cases occurred in 2007/2008 in both species. Complementary studies are needed to identify the species reservoir in France to understand the causes of this peak of cases.     

Occupational health hazards in mining: an overview

This review article outlines the physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic and psychosocial occupational health hazards of mining and associated metallurgical processes. Mining remains an important industrial sector in many parts of the world and although substantial progress has been made in the control of occupational health hazards, there remains room for further risk reduction. This applies particularly to traumatic injury hazards, ergonomic hazards and noise. Vigilance is also required to ensure exposures to coal dust and crystalline silica remain effectively controlled.     

Manufacture and use of nanomaterials: current status in the UK and global trends

This paper provides an overview of the production and use of nanomaterials (NMs), particularly in the UK. Currently, relatively few companies in the UK are identifiable as NM manufacturers, the main emphasis being the bulk markets in metals and metal oxides, and some niche markets such as carbon nanotubes and quantum dots. NM manufacturing in the UK does not reflect the global emphasis on fullerenes, nanotubes and fibres. Some assumptions have been made about the types of NM that are likely to be imported into the UK, which currently include fullerenes, modified fullerenes and other carbon-based NMs including nanotubes. Many university departments, spin-offs and private companies have developed processes for the manufacture of NMs but may only be producing small quantities for research and development (R&D) purposes. However, some have the potential to scale up to produce large quantities. The nanotechnology industry in the UK has strong R&D backup from universities and related institutions. This review has covered R&D trends at such institutions, and appropriate information has been added to a searchable database. While several companies are including NMs in their products, only a few (e.g. manufacturers of paints, coatings, cosmetics, catalysts, polymer composites) are using nanoparticles (NPs) in any significant quantities. However, this situation is likely to change rapidly. There is a need to collect more information about exposure to NPs in both manufacturing and user scenarios. As the market grows, and as manufacturers switch from the micro- to the nanoscale, the potential for exposure will increase. More research is required to quantify any risks to workers and consumers.     

深圳公立医院管理体制改革制度设计

深圳公立医院管理体制改革实行政事分开、管办分开,在理事会架构下按法定机构模式组建市医管中心,落实公立医院运营管理自主权.作者从当前公立医院管理体制的弊端入手,介绍了深圳市进行公立医院管理体制改革的基本思路及改革方案设计的主要举措,深入剖析了的改革方案的特点,并对改革效果进行了预测.     

Effects of nitrogen dioxide on red blood cells of rats: Changes in components of red cell membranes during in vivo exposure to NO2

Red cell membranes, prepared from red blood cells of rats exposed to 4, 10, or 20 ppm nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) for 1 to 10 days, were examined for evidence of changes in membrane components. Appreciable changes were not found in contents of phospholipid and cholesterol during exposure to 10 ppm NO₂. By contrast, protein content altered with the time of exposure. Moreover, changes in protein composition were observed by employing sodium dodecyl sulfate — polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Twenty-four-hour exposure to NO₂ at the concentration above 10 ppm resulted in a marked increase in the percentage of lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LysoPE) to the total phospholipids. The prolonged exposure to 10 ppm NO₂ gave rise to a further increase in LysoPE, whereas the percentage of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) showed a gradual decrease. A 1-day exposure to 4.0 ppm NO₂ also caused an increase in sialic acid content and decreases in those of PE and hexose. In addition to contents of these components the percentage of LysoPE increased 5 days after exposure and the elevated values were maintained up to the end of exposure period. These results demonstrate that red blood cells in circulation exhibit different membrane properties in terms of lipid and carbohydrate composition during 10 days of exposure to 4.0 ppm NO₂.     

Investigating clusters in the workplace and beyond

Clusters of disease are common and occur in the workplace and in the general community. They often arouse considerable concern among the population. Investigations have sometimes lead to exciting new knowledge, but in general the investigation of clusters is difficult and often unrewarding, especially for community clusters. In the workplace, investigations are more likely to find associations and even new causes, but still many clusters remain enigmatic. Despite this, there are many reasons for investigating clusters, including allaying community concern and identifying uncontrolled exposures. A structure for investigating clusters in the workplace is suggested.