Co-occurrence of IPMN and malignant IPNB complicated by a pancreatobiliary fistula: A case report and review of the literature

BACKGROUND Intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct(IPNB) is pathologically similar to intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm(IPMN). However, there are several significant differences between them. The rate of IPMN associated with extrapancreatic malignancies has been reported to range from 10%-40%, and it may occasionally be complicated with the presence of fistulas. IPMN associated with malignant IPNB is extremely rare and only nine cases have been reported in the literature.CASE SUMMARY We report a 52-year-old man who presented with recurrent cholangitis for nine months. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography showed the common bile duct stricture with dilated pancreatobiliary duct without other abnormal findings. The underlying pathogenesis could not be identified based on the radiologic images. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography revealed a pancreatobiliary fistula with dilated main pancreatic duct, biliary stricture with dilated biliary tree, and mucus discharge from the enlarged orifice of the major papilla. The patient underwent SpyGlass cholangiopancreatoscopy due to a suspected mucin-producing biliary neoplasm and indeterminate main pancreatic duct dilatation. Multiple papillary growing neoplasms with vascular images, with the extent of lesions spreading in the biliopancreatic ductal lumens, were identified by SpyGlass. In addition, the presence of a pancreatobiliary fistula was also identified. The patient was diagnosed as having benign IPMN and malignant IPNB with focal invasion by postoperative pathology. Furthermore, varying histological subtypes were present in both IPMN and IPNB. Pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy was performed on the patient with excellent results during the 52 month followup period.CONCLUSION We deemed that pancreatography and SpyGlass allowed for an efficient diagnosis of IPMN with pancreatobiliary fistula, whereas the etiology could not be identified by radiologic imaging.     

多功能病号服在临床中的应用

病人在医院接受治疗时,往往在需要暴露局部治疗部位时,必需脱去整件衣、裤,由于春季、秋季、冬季室内温度低于体温,使病人易着凉、感冒,诱发其他并发症等,引起身体的不适.局部肿瘤放疗病人,指导放疗病人和家属将放疗局部的内衣剪开,露出局部皮肤进行治疗,这样不影响治疗,还可保暖,但这一方法还有待改进.另外住院病人的病号服颜色单调,款式单一,功能缺乏,根本不能满足住院病人的身心及治疗的需要.因此,近几年,通过大量的研究和临床实践,设计出多功能病号服,获国家实用型专利.现将其介绍如下.     

手术室与供应室一体化运作中手术器械的管理

我院为一家拥有800张床位的综合性医院,年手术量1万多例,有一个现代化的供应室,由于手术器械从手术室到供应室环节多,很容易出现手术器械丢失或无菌手术器械不能及时供应而延误手术的现象.为达到资源共享,我院于2003年6月实行手术室与供应室一体化运作,经过4年尝试,在工作中不断总结经验,形成了一定的管理模式,取得满意结果.     

代谢综合征的疗养护理

代谢综合征又称代谢异常心血管综合征，它是一组心血管疾病危险因素的聚集和组合，包括高血压、高血脂（血脂异常）、高血糖（糖尿病、血糖调节受损、糖耐量异常）、肥胖、吸烟、炎症、血凝增强、纤溶降低等。心血管疾病是人类头号杀手，给社会和家庭带来了沉重的经济负担。对于心血管疾病这种新的流行病学表现，     

类风湿关节炎、高热、黑便、血三系减少

1病例介绍患者女,67岁。因"发热半个月,黑便1d"于2006年6月9日入院。患者半个月前起发热,多次测得体温≥39.0℃,无寒战,无咳嗽、咳痰,无腹痛、腹泻,无尿急、尿痛,无腰痛、咽痛,当地医院予抗生素、激素治疗体温反复,昨日起解黑便,共2次,伴头晕,晕厥1次,无呕血,为进一步诊治转入本院。既往类风湿关节炎     

1例脐尿管漏合并妊娠的护理

脐尿管瘘是一种膀胱畸形疾病,男性多见.临床表现为脐部漏尿,漏尿程度视瘘管的大小而定,脐部漏口为皮肤或黏膜所覆盖.静脉注射靛胭脂或从尿道导管将亚甲蓝注入膀胱,可见染色尿液自脐部漏出,故可诊断[1].     

ICU护士了解自由基和抗氧化剂的重要性

对自由基和抗氧化剂的基本知识,自由基在ICU常见疾病发生发展中的作用以及抗氧剂的临床应用四方面内容进行综述,提示了ICU护士了解这四方面内容是临床实践的组成部分.     

介绍一种眼科点眼药盘

眼科工作中给病人点眼药是主要治疗方法之一,一般是多种眼药水放在一个药盘或药框中,眼药水品种繁多,且眼药水瓶东倒西歪摆放没有规律,甚至会出现作用相反的眼药水(膏)拿错的现象,如缩瞳类和散瞳类就是两个作用完全相反的眼药.因此,使用时往往需要仔细寻找或凭经验才能快速找到所需的眼药,如果使用不当就会给病人造成严重的后果.为减少不良后果的发生,在临床实践中,我们制作了一种简易、方便使用的点眼药盘.现介绍如下.     

Clinical effects of apatinib mesylate for treatment of multiple brain micrometastases:Two case reports

BACKGROUND Apatinib is a small-molecule multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor.Apatinib has demonstrated encouraging antitumor activities.This study aimed to observe the efficacy and safety of apatinib for the treatment of multiple brain micrometastases.CASE SUMMARY We report two patients with multiple brain micrometastases after failure of second-line treatment.Both patients had extracerebral metastases.When the patients took 250 mg/d apatinib orally,the intracerebral lesions disappeared.The extracerebral lesions were partially alleviated.Both patients had a progressionfree survival of more than 12 mo and were still stable.The safety was good.The main adverse events(AEs)were mild hypertension and proteinuria,which could be controlled.CONCLUSION Apatinib has clear efficacy and good tolerance in patients with multiple brain micrometastases after failure of second-line treatment.     

青霉素的发现及应用

青霉素能杀灭各种病菌,却对人体几乎没有毒性,因此是迄今为止在临床上应用最为广泛的抗生素.历史上,它的发现及应用与3个人密不可分.他们分别是亚历山大·弗莱明(Alexander Fleming)、霍华德·弗洛里(Howard Florey).恩斯特·钱恩(Ernst Chain).     

Barrett's adenocarcinoma

Esophageal adenocarcinoma has seen a rapid increase in incidence throughout the Western world. Gastroesophageal reflux disease is an important risk factor for this cancer that develops in patients with Barrett's esophagus, but infection with Helicobacter pylori may reduce the risk. The diagnosis of Barrett's adenocarcinoma is often at an advanced stage and is generally associated with a poor prognosis. Several innovative techniques (eg, chromoendoscopy, magnifying endoscopy, and narrow-band imaging) have recently been developed to improve the accuracy of diagnosis. Although surgical resection has been a mainstream treatment for advanced cancer, endoscopic submucosal dissection is becoming a promising treatment procedure for mucosal cancer. Surveillance, endoscopic ablative therapies, chemoprevention, and anti-reflux surgery have been developed for cancer prevention, but are of unproven value. Further evaluation is warranted to define the optimal method and standardize the procedures for diagnosis and management of Barrett's esophagus.     

基于CT影像组学模型预测肺原位腺癌及微浸润腺癌与浸润性腺癌

目的 探讨基于CT影像组学预测肺腺癌中的原位癌（AIS）和微浸润腺癌（MIA）以及浸润性腺癌（IAC）的价值。方法 回顾性分析542例经手术病理确诊且病理亚型明确的肺腺癌患者，将AIS及MIA归为第1组，IAC为第2组。比较2组患者性别和年龄差异。采用特征提取软件提取病灶三维纹理特征参数，分析组间差异明显的影像组学特征，筛选最佳影像组学特征构建预测模型。按2：1比例将数据分为训练集和验证集，采用6种机器学习算法对5倍交叉验证数据集进行分类，选择最佳分类器；以之分析5倍交叉验证数据集、训练集和验证集，获得模型预测肺腺癌病理分型的ROC曲线及相应AUC、特异度、敏感度及准确率。结果 第1组235例，第2组307例，组间性别和年龄差异均无统计学意义（χ²=0.56、t=-0.19，P=0.63、0.98）。共提取病灶1 766个三维纹理特征参数，其中988个影像组学特征存在明显组间差异，最终以10个最佳影像组学特征构建预测模型。以Perceptron分类器为最佳分类器。模型预测验证集病理分型的AUC为0.95，准确率、特异度、敏感度分别为0.88、0.87、0.84。结论 基于CT影像组学模型能有效预测肺腺癌中的AIS及MIA与IAC。     

肺微浸润性腺癌和浸润性腺癌的CT定量参数及影像学特征鉴别诊断价值

  目的  目的分析肺微浸润腺癌（MIA）和浸润性腺癌（IAC）的CT定量参数及影像学特征的鉴别诊断价值。  方法  选取2019年1月~2021年8月本院收治的80例肺腺癌患者为研究对象,根据病理结果分为MIA组（n=36）和IAC组（n=44）,分析两组患者的CT征象,并采用受试者工作特征曲线（ROC）评估肺窗最大径、肺窗最大径的垂直径、肺窗病灶体积、肺窗平均CT值、纵膈窗最大径、纵膈窗最大径的垂直径、纵膈窗病灶体积、肿瘤影消失率指标鉴别IAC和MIA的敏感度和特异性。  结果  IAC组和MIA组CT影像中的病变位置、病灶形态、空泡征、肺瘤界面差异无统计学意义（P >0.05）;胸膜凹陷症、毛刺征、分叶征、血管集束征、支气管充气征差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）;IAC组肺窗最大径、肺窗最大径的垂直径、肺窗病灶体积、纵膈窗最大径、纵膈窗最大径的垂直径、纵膈窗病灶体积均高于MIA组（P < 0.05）,肺窗平均CT值和肿瘤影消失率低于MIA组（P < 0.05）;ROC曲线显示,CT定量参数中鉴别诊断价值最高的是纵膈窗病灶体积,然后依次是纵膈窗最大径、肿瘤影消失率、肺窗病灶体积、肺窗最大径的垂直径、纵膈窗最大径的垂直径、肺窗平均CT值、肺窗最大径。  结论  当病灶影像学特征具有胸膜凹陷症、毛刺征、分叶征、血管集束征、支气管充气征时,IAC的可能性大,纵膈窗病灶体积和纵膈窗最大径鉴别IAC和MIA价值较大。      

Postoperative radiotherapy of renal adenocarcinoma

125 patients with renal adenocarcinoma treated at two departments of radiotherapy in Finland are presented. 82 (66%) of the patients had localized disease and 43 (34%) had distant metastases. The five year survival for all stages was 38% and for cases with local disease 56%. There were no essential differences among Stage I, II and III patients treated with surgery alone or treated with combined operation and postoperative radiotherapy. For tumours with infiltration to adjacent organs or metastases in the lymph nodes the survival was slightly higher after combined surgery and radiotherapy than after surgery alone. For patients with P4 tumours or regional lymph node dissemination postoperative radiotherapy is recommended.