浙江省1999--2010年乙型流感病毒血凝素 和神经氨酸酶基因变化特征分析

目的 分析1999-2010年浙江省乙型流感病毒主要抗原基因血凝素(HA)和神经氨酸酶(NA)的分子变异特征.方法 采集浙江省流感暴发疫情和哨点监测医院的流感样患者呼吸道标本,荧光定量RT-PCR快速检测和病毒分离,选取乙型流感病毒分离代表株进行HA和NA基因测序,采用生物信息学软件分析变异和进化.结果 共分析浙江省乙型流感病毒分离株34株,其中Victoria系20株,Yamagata系14株;1999-2010年间Victoria系毒株的HA1基因变异率4.5%,Yamagata系毒株为3.4%;2004年后分离的Victoria系毒株均为基因重配株,HA属于Victoria 系,而NA属于Yamagata系;2010年新型甲型HINI流感流行高峰过后,浙江省仍以乙型流感病毒流行为主,分离株与2009-2010年流感疫苗株B/Brisbane/60/2008接近,与往年乙型流感毒株相比HA和NA发生多个氨基酸位点变异.结论 1999-2010年浙江省乙型流感病毒流行株发生明显变异,基因重配和抗原漂移是病毒发生变异的主要机制.

Abstract：

Objective To Characterize the genetic diversity of hemagglutinin(HA)and neuraminidase(NA)of influenza B viruses isolated in Zhejiang province during 1999-2010.Methods Respiratory specimens were collected from patients with flu-like syndrome during the influenza outbreaks or from the hospitals which carrying out influenza surveillance project in Zhejiang province.Samples were detected by real-time RT-PCR and isolated for influenza virus.HA1 and NA genes of influenza B virus isolates were amplified and sequenced.Phylogenetic comparison and genetic diversity analysis were performed using the bioinformation software.Results A total of 34 influenza B viruses were evolved in this study including Victoria-like and Yamagata-like strains according to the results of the HI test.The mutation rate of Victoria-like HA1 gene was 4.5% and Yamagata-like HA1 gene was 3.4%,respectively.The Victoria-like influenza B isolates had appeared to be all re-assortants having a Victoria lincage HA and Yamagata lineage NA since 2004.The predominant type of influenza virus isolates in 2010 was also influenza B virus after the H1N1 flu pandemic in Zhejiang province.The isolated strains were antigenicaily and genetically similar to B/Brisbane/60/2008--the vaccine strain proposed for 2009-2010.Many difierences of HA1 and NA amino acids existed in the current isolates when compared to previous influenza B strains.Conclusion Significant diversity was generated among influcnza B virus isolated from 1999 to 2010 in Zhejiang province.Genetic re-assortment and antigenic drift seemed the main evolutionary mechanism on influenza B virus.     

甲型H1N1流感病毒基因组序列分析及其特性研究

Objective To analyse the genome of influenza A (H1N1) vires so as to elucidate its molecular characteristics and evolution status. Methods DNA sequences of the influenza viruses were collected from NCBI, and compared with the genomes of referenced intluenza viruses. The phylogenetic trees were constructed by the neighbor-joining method, and the pathogenicity, drug susceptibility and vaccine protection were analyzed. Results Phyiogenetic analysis showed that the genes encoding HA, PB2, PBI, PA, NP, and NS protein were most closely related to those influenza A viruses circulating in swine populations in North America. NA and M gene belonged to Eurasia lineages swine influenza vires. The amino acid sequence of the cleavage site between HA1 and HA2 was PARSSR ↓ GLFGAI with the typical characteristics of the low pathogenic influenza virus. Influenza A(H1N1) virus can spread from person-to-person. It is sensitive to oseltamivir and zanamivir but resistant to amantadine and remantadine. The current human seasonal influenzavaccines confered little protection against influenza A/H1N1 because of the great diversity on antigenic domains between A/H1N1 virus and vaccine virus. Conclusions Influenza A(H1N1) virus is a reassortant virus of North America and Eurasia hneages swine influenza virus. It is important to develop a vaccine against the currently circulating virus strain to control the disease spread.     

甲型H1N1流感病毒基因组序列分析及其特性研究

Objective To analyse the genome of influenza A (H1N1) vires so as to elucidate its molecular characteristics and evolution status. Methods DNA sequences of the influenza viruses were collected from NCBI, and compared with the genomes of referenced intluenza viruses. The phylogenetic trees were constructed by the neighbor-joining method, and the pathogenicity, drug susceptibility and vaccine protection were analyzed. Results Phyiogenetic analysis showed that the genes encoding HA, PB2, PBI, PA, NP, and NS protein were most closely related to those influenza A viruses circulating in swine populations in North America. NA and M gene belonged to Eurasia lineages swine influenza vires. The amino acid sequence of the cleavage site between HA1 and HA2 was PARSSR ↓ GLFGAI with the typical characteristics of the low pathogenic influenza virus. Influenza A(H1N1) virus can spread from person-to-person. It is sensitive to oseltamivir and zanamivir but resistant to amantadine and remantadine. The current human seasonal influenzavaccines confered little protection against influenza A/H1N1 because of the great diversity on antigenic domains between A/H1N1 virus and vaccine virus. Conclusions Influenza A(H1N1) virus is a reassortant virus of North America and Eurasia hneages swine influenza virus. It is important to develop a vaccine against the currently circulating virus strain to control the disease spread.     

甲型H1N1流感病毒基因组序列分析及其特性研究

Objective To analyse the genome of influenza A (H1N1) vires so as to elucidate its molecular characteristics and evolution status. Methods DNA sequences of the influenza viruses were collected from NCBI, and compared with the genomes of referenced intluenza viruses. The phylogenetic trees were constructed by the neighbor-joining method, and the pathogenicity, drug susceptibility and vaccine protection were analyzed. Results Phyiogenetic analysis showed that the genes encoding HA, PB2, PBI, PA, NP, and NS protein were most closely related to those influenza A viruses circulating in swine populations in North America. NA and M gene belonged to Eurasia lineages swine influenza vires. The amino acid sequence of the cleavage site between HA1 and HA2 was PARSSR ↓ GLFGAI with the typical characteristics of the low pathogenic influenza virus. Influenza A(H1N1) virus can spread from person-to-person. It is sensitive to oseltamivir and zanamivir but resistant to amantadine and remantadine. The current human seasonal influenzavaccines confered little protection against influenza A/H1N1 because of the great diversity on antigenic domains between A/H1N1 virus and vaccine virus. Conclusions Influenza A(H1N1) virus is a reassortant virus of North America and Eurasia hneages swine influenza virus. It is important to develop a vaccine against the currently circulating virus strain to control the disease spread.     

甲型H1N1流感病毒基因组序列分析及其特性研究

Objective To analyse the genome of influenza A (H1N1) vires so as to elucidate its molecular characteristics and evolution status. Methods DNA sequences of the influenza viruses were collected from NCBI, and compared with the genomes of referenced intluenza viruses. The phylogenetic trees were constructed by the neighbor-joining method, and the pathogenicity, drug susceptibility and vaccine protection were analyzed. Results Phyiogenetic analysis showed that the genes encoding HA, PB2, PBI, PA, NP, and NS protein were most closely related to those influenza A viruses circulating in swine populations in North America. NA and M gene belonged to Eurasia lineages swine influenza vires. The amino acid sequence of the cleavage site between HA1 and HA2 was PARSSR ↓ GLFGAI with the typical characteristics of the low pathogenic influenza virus. Influenza A(H1N1) virus can spread from person-to-person. It is sensitive to oseltamivir and zanamivir but resistant to amantadine and remantadine. The current human seasonal influenzavaccines confered little protection against influenza A/H1N1 because of the great diversity on antigenic domains between A/H1N1 virus and vaccine virus. Conclusions Influenza A(H1N1) virus is a reassortant virus of North America and Eurasia hneages swine influenza virus. It is important to develop a vaccine against the currently circulating virus strain to control the disease spread.     

甲型H1N1流感病毒基因组序列分析及其特性研究

Objective To analyse the genome of influenza A (H1N1) vires so as to elucidate its molecular characteristics and evolution status. Methods DNA sequences of the influenza viruses were collected from NCBI, and compared with the genomes of referenced intluenza viruses. The phylogenetic trees were constructed by the neighbor-joining method, and the pathogenicity, drug susceptibility and vaccine protection were analyzed. Results Phyiogenetic analysis showed that the genes encoding HA, PB2, PBI, PA, NP, and NS protein were most closely related to those influenza A viruses circulating in swine populations in North America. NA and M gene belonged to Eurasia lineages swine influenza vires. The amino acid sequence of the cleavage site between HA1 and HA2 was PARSSR ↓ GLFGAI with the typical characteristics of the low pathogenic influenza virus. Influenza A(H1N1) virus can spread from person-to-person. It is sensitive to oseltamivir and zanamivir but resistant to amantadine and remantadine. The current human seasonal influenzavaccines confered little protection against influenza A/H1N1 because of the great diversity on antigenic domains between A/H1N1 virus and vaccine virus. Conclusions Influenza A(H1N1) virus is a reassortant virus of North America and Eurasia hneages swine influenza virus. It is important to develop a vaccine against the currently circulating virus strain to control the disease spread.     

甲型H1N1流感病毒基因组序列分析及其特性研究

Objective To analyse the genome of influenza A (H1N1) vires so as to elucidate its molecular characteristics and evolution status. Methods DNA sequences of the influenza viruses were collected from NCBI, and compared with the genomes of referenced intluenza viruses. The phylogenetic trees were constructed by the neighbor-joining method, and the pathogenicity, drug susceptibility and vaccine protection were analyzed. Results Phyiogenetic analysis showed that the genes encoding HA, PB2, PBI, PA, NP, and NS protein were most closely related to those influenza A viruses circulating in swine populations in North America. NA and M gene belonged to Eurasia lineages swine influenza vires. The amino acid sequence of the cleavage site between HA1 and HA2 was PARSSR ↓ GLFGAI with the typical characteristics of the low pathogenic influenza virus. Influenza A(H1N1) virus can spread from person-to-person. It is sensitive to oseltamivir and zanamivir but resistant to amantadine and remantadine. The current human seasonal influenzavaccines confered little protection against influenza A/H1N1 because of the great diversity on antigenic domains between A/H1N1 virus and vaccine virus. Conclusions Influenza A(H1N1) virus is a reassortant virus of North America and Eurasia hneages swine influenza virus. It is important to develop a vaccine against the currently circulating virus strain to control the disease spread.     

甲型H1N1流感病毒基因组序列分析及其特性研究

Objective To analyse the genome of influenza A (H1N1) vires so as to elucidate its molecular characteristics and evolution status. Methods DNA sequences of the influenza viruses were collected from NCBI, and compared with the genomes of referenced intluenza viruses. The phylogenetic trees were constructed by the neighbor-joining method, and the pathogenicity, drug susceptibility and vaccine protection were analyzed. Results Phyiogenetic analysis showed that the genes encoding HA, PB2, PBI, PA, NP, and NS protein were most closely related to those influenza A viruses circulating in swine populations in North America. NA and M gene belonged to Eurasia lineages swine influenza vires. The amino acid sequence of the cleavage site between HA1 and HA2 was PARSSR ↓ GLFGAI with the typical characteristics of the low pathogenic influenza virus. Influenza A(H1N1) virus can spread from person-to-person. It is sensitive to oseltamivir and zanamivir but resistant to amantadine and remantadine. The current human seasonal influenzavaccines confered little protection against influenza A/H1N1 because of the great diversity on antigenic domains between A/H1N1 virus and vaccine virus. Conclusions Influenza A(H1N1) virus is a reassortant virus of North America and Eurasia hneages swine influenza virus. It is important to develop a vaccine against the currently circulating virus strain to control the disease spread.     

甲型H1N1流感病毒基因组序列分析及其特性研究

Objective To analyse the genome of influenza A (H1N1) vires so as to elucidate its molecular characteristics and evolution status. Methods DNA sequences of the influenza viruses were collected from NCBI, and compared with the genomes of referenced intluenza viruses. The phylogenetic trees were constructed by the neighbor-joining method, and the pathogenicity, drug susceptibility and vaccine protection were analyzed. Results Phyiogenetic analysis showed that the genes encoding HA, PB2, PBI, PA, NP, and NS protein were most closely related to those influenza A viruses circulating in swine populations in North America. NA and M gene belonged to Eurasia lineages swine influenza vires. The amino acid sequence of the cleavage site between HA1 and HA2 was PARSSR ↓ GLFGAI with the typical characteristics of the low pathogenic influenza virus. Influenza A(H1N1) virus can spread from person-to-person. It is sensitive to oseltamivir and zanamivir but resistant to amantadine and remantadine. The current human seasonal influenzavaccines confered little protection against influenza A/H1N1 because of the great diversity on antigenic domains between A/H1N1 virus and vaccine virus. Conclusions Influenza A(H1N1) virus is a reassortant virus of North America and Eurasia hneages swine influenza virus. It is important to develop a vaccine against the currently circulating virus strain to control the disease spread.     

甲型H1N1流感病毒基因组序列分析及其特性研究

Objective To analyse the genome of influenza A (H1N1) vires so as to elucidate its molecular characteristics and evolution status. Methods DNA sequences of the influenza viruses were collected from NCBI, and compared with the genomes of referenced intluenza viruses. The phylogenetic trees were constructed by the neighbor-joining method, and the pathogenicity, drug susceptibility and vaccine protection were analyzed. Results Phyiogenetic analysis showed that the genes encoding HA, PB2, PBI, PA, NP, and NS protein were most closely related to those influenza A viruses circulating in swine populations in North America. NA and M gene belonged to Eurasia lineages swine influenza vires. The amino acid sequence of the cleavage site between HA1 and HA2 was PARSSR ↓ GLFGAI with the typical characteristics of the low pathogenic influenza virus. Influenza A(H1N1) virus can spread from person-to-person. It is sensitive to oseltamivir and zanamivir but resistant to amantadine and remantadine. The current human seasonal influenzavaccines confered little protection against influenza A/H1N1 because of the great diversity on antigenic domains between A/H1N1 virus and vaccine virus. Conclusions Influenza A(H1N1) virus is a reassortant virus of North America and Eurasia hneages swine influenza virus. It is important to develop a vaccine against the currently circulating virus strain to control the disease spread.     

浙江省1998--2009年H3N2亚型流感流行株基因组全序列分析

目的 从基因组全序列分析探讨浙江省1998-2009年H3N2亚型流感病毒的基因变异与流感流行的关系.方法 选择浙江省1998-2009年流感流行期间分离到的H3N2亚型流感病毒流行代表株19株,采用RT-PCR方法扩增其8个基因片段后进行序列测定,并与近十余年间使用的疫苗株序列进行比较.结果 H3N2亚型流感流行株HA和NA基因的氨基酸变异率最高,分别为13.98%和10.00%;其他6个内部基因所表达的蛋白中,除NP、M2和NS1(氨基酸变异率分别为6.43%、6.19%和3.48%)外,其他蛋白的氨基酸变异均＜3.00%;在H3N2亚型流感存在较大范围流行的年份,除HA和NA基因外,流感病毒其他6个内部基因也会发生不同程度的变异.此外,在以往一些年份中,WHO推荐的H3N2流感病毒疫苗株与浙江省同期流行株之间,在许多基因上存在着滞后现象.结论 在加强对H3N2亚型流感毒株表面HA与NA基因监测的同时,也应注意到其他内部基因的变异,为新一轮流感流行株的出现提供重要的预警信息.     

浙江省1998-2005年甲3亚型流感病毒株HA1区和NA区基因特性分析

目的分析近几年浙江省甲3亚型流行性感冒（流感）流行株血凝素（HA）和神经氨酸酶（NA）基因的特性、变异与流感流行的关系。方法选择浙江省1998—2005年流感流行期间分离的甲3亚型代表株25株，提取病毒RNA，扩增HA1和NA基因，进行序列测定，用BioEdit软件分析处理。结果浙江省近几年甲3亚型流感流行株在HA1区的核苷酸长度均为987bp，编码329个氨基酸；在NA区的核苷酸长度为1362bp，编码454个氨基酸。1998—2005年甲3亚型流感病毒HA1区与NA区的氨基酸同源性分别在90．9％～99．3％与95．2％～99．5％之间，HA1区的变异较NA区更大。这8年间在HA1区共发生了30个氨基酸的替代，其中14个氨基酸位点涉及HA1区的4个抗原决定簇；NA区发生了21个氨基酸替代，其中5个氨基酸位点涉及NA区的3个抗原决定簇。在1998与2002年无论是HA1区还是NA区，均产生了较大的变异，在氨基酸进化树上也形成了独立的分支。近年的甲3亚型毒株HA1区有11个糖基化位点，较早期毒株A/Aichi／2／68增加了5个，仅1998年至今的8年中就增加了3个。结论浙江省1998与2002年的二次较大规模的甲3亚型流感流行均与病毒的抗原性漂移有关。     

2010-2012年长沙市流感流行情况及B型流感病毒基因特性分析

目的分析2010-2012年长沙市流感流行情况,并探讨B型流感病毒分离株血凝素(HA)和神经氨酸酶(NA)基因的分子流行病学特征。方法采集长沙市流感网络监测哨点医院及暴发点流感样病例(ILI)咽拭子样本,狗肾传代细胞(MDCK)进行病毒分离,血凝和血凝抑制实验进行型别和亚型鉴定;提取B型流感病毒核酸,一步法RT-PCR扩增HA和NA基因片段,双向测定扩增产物核苷酸序列,对基因序列和氨基酸序列进行分析。结果 2010-2012年间,长沙市甲型H1N1、H3N2、B型流感交替流行,流行高峰为冬春季。3年间共分离到B型流感病毒78株,其中79.5%为Victoria系,20.5%为Yamagata系,以Victoria系为主。与WHO推荐疫苗株B/Brisbane/60/2008相比,HA基因的同源性在87.2%~98.4%之间,NA基因的同源性在94.5%~97.5%之间。氨基酸序列分析发现,与疫苗株相比,HA蛋白主要存在单个氨基酸的突变;种系进化分析发现,所有毒株HA和NA蛋白位于相应的谱系内,无抗原重排发生。结论 2010-2012年间长沙市甲型H1N1、H3N2、B型流感交替流行,B型流感病毒HA基因出现抗原漂移,但无重组毒株的出现。     

浙江省1 998年H3N2流感流行的溯源研究

目的 对1998年浙江省的H3N2流感流行进行溯源研究.方法 采用RT-PCR扩增浙江省1998年3株H3N2流感流行代表株的全基因组序列,并与GenBank上1995-1998年世界其他地区H3N2流感流行株进行比较;同时,采用交叉血凝抑制实验,计算各毒株间的抗原比.结果 HA基因进化树表明,1998年浙江省H3N2优势流行株A/Zhejiang/11/98、A/Zhejiang/18/98与1995-1996年世界各地以及1997年我国大陆的H3N2流行株间存在显著差异,在进化树上虽与A/Sydney/5/97同属一簇,但和美国纽约以及中国香港1997年后期流行株更为接近.在HA1、NA和MP基因上,A/Zhejiang/18/98与香港1997年后期流行株同源性最高,而在PA、HA和NS基因上,与纽约流行株的遗传距离也小于A/Sydney/5/97.A/Zhejiang/18/98与香港或纽约株在HA1区仅存在1～3个位点的氨基酸残基不同,而与A/Sydney/5/97存在7个位点的氨基酸残基差异,其中3个位点于抗原决定簇区.各毒株间的交叉血凝抑制实验表明A/Zhejiang/18/98与A/Sydney/5/97的抗原比已达2.0,提示二者在抗原性上存在一定差异.此外,1997-1998年H3N2各地流感流行的起始时间序列,也显示了该次流感传播的可能途径.结论 浙江省1998年H3N2流感的流行很可能是由1997年底H3N2新型流感变异株经纽约和香港输入中国大陆所导致.     

2016年6月至2017年4月辽宁省人感染H7N9禽流感病毒HA和NA基因特征分析

目的 本文对2016-2017年辽宁省人感染H7N9禽流感病毒血凝素(HA)和神经氨酸酶(NA)基因遗传进化特征分析。方法 使用逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)对选取的4株H7N9禽流感病毒株HA和NA基因进行扩增并测序,用生物信息学软件分析其基因进化变异特征。结果 2016年6月至2017年4月辽宁省4株毒株的HA和NA基因与WHO最新推荐的A/Hunan/02650/2016疫苗株的同源性最高,其HA基因的核苷酸和蛋白氨基酸序列同源性分别为99.3%~99.6%,99.8%~100%;NA基因的核苷酸和蛋白氨基酸序列同源性分别为97.7%~99.7%;98.3%~99.6%。本省所有毒株均属长江三角洲谱系,但主要聚集在两个次分支。4株病毒HA蛋白裂解位点333-342氨基酸序列均为PEIPKGR↓GLF,在338-339位点无连续的多个氨基酸插入(KRTA),属于低致病性禽流感病毒分子特征。HA受体结合位点均出现S138A、G186V、Q226L、T221P氨基酸的突变,NA茎部区均出现“QISNT”缺失,且NA蛋白上相关耐药位点上的氨基酸并未发生突变,3株毒株NA蛋白上糖基化位点第42位发生氨基酸序列NCSH→NCTH突变。结论 2016-2017年辽宁省人感染H7N9禽流感病毒HA和NA基因关键位点氨基酸发生突变,使病毒具有双受体结合特性以及毒力增强。     

浙江省2002-2006年禽流感H5N1病毒基因特性与进化重组分析

目的 对近年来浙江省禽流感病毒H5N1分离株的基因特性与进化重组特征进行分析.方法 通过对2002-2006年浙江省禽与人的H5N1病毒株进行全基因序列测定,采用Mega 3.0生物信息学软件分析病毒株基因特性并与相关基因型标准病毒株进行系统进化分析.结果 2002-2006年浙江省HSNl病毒株HA序列裂解位点序列含多个碱性氨基酸,符合高致病性禽流感病毒特征;与Gs/Guangdong/1/96相比,除Dk/Zhejiang/2/02和Ck/Zhejiang/8/03株外其他病毒株均在NA蛋白茎区缺失20个氨基酸.全基因系统进化分析表明,2002-2003年的分离株遗传基因基本属于当年流行的B、W、X、Y、z等基因型,但部分病毒株不同基因片段属于不同基因型.结论 浙江省禽类中也广泛存在H5N1的基因片段重组现象,2005年后的Ck/Zhejiang/24/05株及人H5N1 Zhejiang/16/06株各遗传基因基本上稳定于近年大陆流行的FJ-like基因型.     

2007-2009年郴州市H3N2亚型流感病毒HA1基因特性研究

目的了解2007-2009年郴州市H3N2亚型流感病毒流行情况及血凝素基因变异特征。方法 按时间先后顺序随机选择2007-2009年流感病原学监测中分离到的H3N2亚型毒株8株,提取病毒核糖核酸（RNA）,采用RT-PCR法扩增病毒HA1基因,纯化产物进行核苷酸序列测定并推导其氨基酸序列进行基因特性分析。结果H3N2亚型流感病毒在2007年为优势株,2008-2009年相对H1N1亚型流感病毒为弱势株;2007年分离株与该年疫苗株（A/Wisconsin/67/2005）比较,变异位点主要为G50E、S138A、K140I、R142G、N144D和L157S,抗原性发生了漂移;2008年分离株与2008-2009年疫苗株（A/Brisbane/10/2007）比较,变异位点主要为R142G、L157S;2009年分离株与该年疫苗株比较,变异位点主要为L157S、K173Q,2008-2009年分离株与该年疫苗株比较未发生明显变异。结论郴州市2007年H3N2亚型流感病毒HA1发生了明显变异,H3N2流感病毒较活跃,当年生产的疫苗预防效果较差;2008-2009年H3N2亚型流感病毒HA1与该年度疫苗株相比未发生明显变异,人群对其建立较好的免疫屏障,这是郴州市2008-2009年H3N2亚型流感病毒活动水平较低的主要原因。     

浙江省人禽流感病毒Zhejiang/16/2006株的基因特性分析

目的 分析浙江省首例报道的人禽流感H5N1病毒株A/Zhejiang/16/2006的基因特性与系统进化关系.方法 对A/Zhejiang/16/2006病毒株的全序列8个基因片段作序列测定,并与国内外相关病毒株进行同源性与系统进化比较.结果 A/zhejiang/16/2006的HA序列,与周边国家和地区的H5N1病毒株之间存在11个氨基酸的差异,但这些差异并未影响到相关糖基化位点的稳定;在NA区,1997年以后的毒株均缺少第49～68位的20个氨基酸.总体上中国大陆近年H5N1毒株的8个基因片段与周边国家和地区毒株相比形成另一个分支,并与1996-1997年香港及广东的H5N1毒株之间存在较大差异,但有个别毒株的基因片段在系统进化树上远离当前的毒株而更接近1997年的病毒株.结论 A/zhejiang/16/2006与中国大陆近年的病毒株自成一个体系,与周边国家和地区的H5N1病毒株之间存在一定差异.     

2017 - 2018年度陕西省甲型H1N1流感病毒基因特征分析

目的 了解陕西省2017 - 2018年度甲型H1N1流感病毒的血凝素（HA）和神经氨酸酶（NA）基因变异情况。方法 选取2017 - 2018年度分离的6株甲型H1N1流感毒株进行全基因测序,利用生物信息学软件对分离株的HA和NA基因进行进化和变异分析,并与北半球疫苗株A/Michigan/45/2015进行对比;采用MEGA（5.05） 软件NJ法构建基因进化树,进行系统进化分析。结果 陕西省2017 - 2018年度甲型H1N1流感病毒阳性占比36.85%,流行高峰为2017年12月和2018年1月。6株甲型H1N1流感病毒测序得到的HA、NA序列与疫苗株比对,分别有12、11个氨基酸位点发生变异,其中HA有7个位点变异发生在抗原决定簇,受体结合位点、潜在糖基化位点比较稳定;NA序列没有发现耐药位点变异。结论 2017 - 2018年度陕西省甲型H1N1流感病毒为优势流行株。目前甲型H1N1流感病毒与WHO推荐的新疫苗株高度同源。