小分子双链 RNAs 联合应用抑制膀胱癌细胞增殖的实验研究

目的在膀胱癌细胞系 T24和 EJ 细胞中转染两种不同的人工合成小分子双链 RNA (dsRNA),观察联合应用与分别单独应用两种 dsRNA 对膀胱癌细胞生长的影响.方法根据对膀胱癌细胞的处理不同分为：①阴性对照组(dsControl)、dsP21-322组、dsP21-555组和 dsP21-322＋dsP21-555组;②dsControl 组、dsP21-322组、dsP53-285组和 dsP21-322＋ dsP53-285组.采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(qPCR)检测各组细胞 p21 mRNA 及细胞周期依赖性激酶 CDK4、CDK6 mRNA 的表达;蛋白印迹法(Western blot)检测 P21蛋白和 CDK4、CDK6蛋白的表达;细胞增殖实验检测转染后细胞增殖能力;集落形成实验检测单个细胞克隆增殖能力.结果 qPCR 结果显示,与 dsControl 组相比,dsP21-322组、dsP2l-555组和 dsP53-285组均分别上调 T24和 EJ 细胞中p21 mRNA 的表达(P ＜0．01);而与单独转染 dsP21-322、dsP2l-555相比,同时转染 dsP21-322＋dsP21-555,差异无统计学意义(P ＞0．05).与 dsControl 组相比,dsP53-285能够上调 p53基因的表达(P ＜0．05);与单独转染 dsP53-285相比,p53 mRNA 表达在同时转染 dsP21-322和 dsP53-285组中差异无统计学意义(P ＞0．05).与单独转染 dsP21-322、dsP53-285相比,dsP21-322＋ dsP53-285能够显著增加 p21 mRNA 的表达(P ＜0．05).与 dsControl 相比,转染 dsP21-322、dsP53-285分别使 T24和 EJ 细胞中 CDK4、CDK6 mRNA 的表达下调(P ＜0．05);与单独转染 dsP21-322、dsP53-285相比,CDK4/6 mRNA 的表达在 dsP21-322＋dsP53-285组中明显被抑制(P ＜0．05).Western blot检测结果验证了组间 p21和 CDK4/6基因表达的差异.细胞增殖实验结果显示,同时转染 dsP21-322和 dsP53-285比单独转染抑制膀胱癌细胞增殖能力更明显.细胞集落形成实验中,dsP21-322＋dsP53-285组中形成的集落数量显著少于单独转染组.结论同时转染 dsP21-322和 dsP53-285能够显著抑制膀胱癌细胞的增殖.     

saRNA在转录水平激活人膀胱癌细胞p21WAF1/CIP1的表达研究

目的 探讨小激活RNA-dsP21-322上调人膀胱癌细胞系T24中抑癌基因p21WAF1/CIP1(p21)表达的效应.进一步分析dsP21-322是否还可上调p21前体mRNA的表达,以及增强RNA聚合酶Ⅱ蛋白与dsP21-322靶向的p21启动子区的联系.方法 合成靶向p21启动子区的小激活RNA序列dsP21-322及阴性对照(dsControl),并分别转染至T24细胞,RT-qPCR和Western Blot分别检测p21 mRNA、前体mRNA和蛋白表达的变化.ChIP检测RNA聚合酶Ⅱ蛋白与dsP21-322靶向的p21启动子富集的改变.结果 RT-qPCR和Western Blot结果显示,dsP21-322可以明显上调T24细胞系中p21成熟mRNA、前体mRNA及p21蛋白的表达,且与dsControl相比,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001).此外,dsP21-322的转染可以明显增强RNA聚合酶Ⅱ蛋白与dsP21-322靶向的p21启动子区的联系.结论 dsP21-322上调抑癌基因p21表达是发生在转录水平的基因调控过程,这一特征的发现为后续RNA激活机制的研究提供了部分理论依据.     

靶向沉默核干因子对前列腺癌PC-3细胞增殖能力的影响

目的:检测前列腺癌PC-3、LNCaP及DU145细胞中核干因子(Nucleostemin,NS)基因的表达,研究NS基因沉默后对PC-3细胞增殖能力的影响。方法:采用免疫细胞化学法及逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)分别检测NS蛋白及mRNA在3种前列腺癌细胞中的表达。用NS特异性小发夹RNA表达质粒转染PC-3细胞,分别用RT-PCR及Western印迹方法检测转染后细胞(简称NS-shRNA-PC-3)中NSmRNA及蛋白的变化。比较NS基因沉默前后PC-3细胞体外、裸鼠体内增殖能力及凋亡情况的变化。结果:3种细胞中均显示NS基因高表达。转染后NS-shRNA-PC-3细胞中NS表达显著降低,细胞增殖速度减慢,G0/G1期细胞百分率显著升高,早期凋亡细胞增多。体内致瘤实验显示,NS基因沉默后,PC-3细胞在裸鼠体内增殖能力显著降低。结论:NS在前列腺癌细胞系中呈高表达,RNA干扰沉默NS基因后PC-3细胞增殖能力显著降低,凋亡细胞增多。     

靶向TRPV6的siRNA对前列腺癌LNCaP细胞抑制作用的体外研究

目的:运用RNA干扰(RNAi)技术阻断前列腺癌LNCaP细胞中瞬时感受器电位离子通道蛋白V亚家族6(TRPV6)基因的表达,探讨TRPV6基因沉默对LNCaP细胞增殖、细胞周期及凋亡的影响。方法:针对TR-PV6基因,构建2条小干扰RNA(siRNA)序列;在脂质体介导下转染前列腺癌LNCaP细胞,用RT-PCR测定TRPV6mRNA的表达;MTT法和流式细胞技术测定siRNA对LNCaP细胞增殖、细胞周期及凋亡的影响。结果:两条siRNA序列均能有效地阻断LNCaP细胞中TRPV6基因在mRNA水平上的表达(P<0.01),且mRNA表达随着转染时间的延长而减少,转染72h后TRPV6mRNA的表达减少至对照组的27%和23%;siRNA转染能显著抑制LNCaP细胞增殖,转染48h细胞增殖抑制率最高,分别为34.53%和29.32%,与转染24h和72h比较有统计学意义(P<0.05);转染48h后,siRNA转染组G0～G1期细胞增多,S期细胞数量明显减少,与空白对照组及阴性对照组相比有统计学差异(P<0.01);siRNA转染组细胞的凋亡率分别为14.45%和12.73%,显著高于空白对照组及阴性对照组3.78%和5.22%(P<0.05)。结论:针对TRPV6的siRNA在体外能有效地抑制LNCaP细胞TRPV6mRNA的转录,同时能够抑制前列腺癌LNCaP细胞增殖,使细胞周期出现G0/G1期阻滞,细胞凋亡率显著增加。     

miR-1249-5p对前列腺癌PC-3细胞增殖、转移和细胞周期的影响

目的探讨miR-1249-5p对前列腺癌PC-3细胞增殖、转移和细胞周期的影响。方法采用OncoMir肿瘤数据库(OMCD)分析miR-1249-5p表达水平与前列腺癌患者总生存期的关系。将人前列腺癌细胞株PC-3分为两组:miR-1249-5p组和阴性对照组。以Lipofectamine 2000为介导,将miR-1249-5p拟似物脂质体复合物或阴性miRNA脂质体复合物转染入对数生长期的PC-3细胞。采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(RT-qPCR)检测两组PC-3细胞miR-1249-5p的表达水平,采用集落形成实验检测两组PC-3细胞增殖能力的变化,采用Transwell实验检测两组PC-3细胞侵袭变化,采用流式细胞仪检测两组PC-3细胞周期变化。通过miRNA预测软件miRGator预测miR-1249-5p的靶基因。RT-qPCR和Western blotting法分别检测miR-1249-5p的靶基因表达。计量资料以均数±标准差(x±s)表示,两组间比较采用t检验。结果与miR-1249-5p低表达的前列腺癌患者相比,miR-1249-5p表达水平较高的前列腺癌患者总生存期较长,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。miR-1249-5p组miR-1249-5p表达水平(10.74±1.19)明显高于阴性对照组(1.56±0.27),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。miR-1249-5p组集落形成数[(35.86±6.94)个/孔]明显少于阴性对照组[(88.94±11.66)个/孔],差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。miR-1249-5p组穿膜细胞数[(25.01±6.83)个/高倍视野]明显少于阴性对照组[(82.76±8.35)个/高倍视野],差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。miR-1249-5p组处于G_(0)~G_(1)期的细胞比例[(50.79±6.61)%]明显高于阴性对照组[(27.09±2.30)%],差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01),PC-3细胞被抑制在G_(0)~G_(1)期。神经前体细胞表达发育调控蛋白9(NEDD9)可能是miR-1249-5p的靶基因。与阴性对照组比较,miR-1249-5p组NEDD9基因表达水平显著低于阴性对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论miR-1249-5p可以抑制前列腺癌PC-3细胞增殖、转移和细胞周期,其可能通过负调控原癌基因NEDD9表达实现。     

滇重楼皂苷对前列腺癌细胞周期与凋亡的影响

目的探讨滇重楼皂苷对前列腺癌细胞增殖、周期和促凋亡的作用,以及对磷酸化CDK2表达的影响。方法使用不同浓度(0.1、0.3、1.0、3.0、10.0μmol/L)的滇重楼皂苷处理前列腺癌细胞株PC-3和Du145,应用MTT和流式细胞技术检测细胞增殖、周期分布和凋亡的改变,进一步运用免疫印迹法检测细胞周期及凋亡相关蛋白表达的改变。结果滇重楼皂苷明显抑制前列腺癌细胞株(PC-3及Du145)的增殖,使细胞在G0/G1期发生阻滞,并诱导细胞显著凋亡,抑制效果呈时间剂量梯度依赖关系;p21蛋白与Cleaved-Caspase-3表达水平明显上调,磷酸化CDK2、磷酸化RB蛋白下调。结论滇重楼皂苷增加p21蛋白水平,抑制细胞周期关键调控因子CDK2及RB的磷酸化,并且激活Caspase-3参与的细胞凋亡信号通路,从而抑制前列腺癌细胞增殖、阻断细胞周期,并诱导细胞凋亡,具有抗肿瘤活性。     

复方中药紫龙金对前列腺癌的体外作用

目的　探讨复方中药紫龙金对前列腺癌的体外作用机理。　方法　应用MTT法、软琼脂集落生长实验、流式细胞术和显微荧光术测定紫龙金对LNCaP、DU 1 4 5和PC 3细胞的增殖抑制、集落生长抑制、周期阻滞和诱导凋亡作用 ;应用RT PCR方法检测对前列腺特异性抗原基因PSA和雄激素受体基因AR、凋亡相关基因Bcl 2和Bax以及抑癌基因p1 6表达的影响。　结果　紫龙金对 3种前列腺癌细胞系均具有剂量依赖性增殖抑制和G0 /G1 期阻滞作用 ,作用 72h时 3种细胞IC50 分别为 0 .79、0 .4 2和 0 .5 2mg/ml;对LNCaP和DU 1 4 5细胞具有诱导凋亡作用 ,可以显著抑制DU 1 4 5细胞的集落生长 ;紫龙金可以下调LNCaP细胞PSA、AR和Bcl 2表达 ,下调DU 1 4 5细胞Bcl 2 ,上调Bax和P1 6基因表达。　结论　紫龙金可以通过抑制前列腺癌细胞增殖、抑制集落生长、G0 /G1 期阻滞、诱导凋亡、调节PSA、AR、Bcl 2、Bax和p1 6基因表达等作用机理发挥抗肿瘤作用     

左旋棉酚体外诱导人前列腺癌LNCaP细胞凋亡的研究

目的研究左旋棉酚对人前列腺癌LNCaP细胞体外增殖和凋亡的影响。方法 MTT法检测左旋棉酚对LNCaP细胞增殖的影响,透射电镜观察细胞超微结构的改变,TUNEL染色观察细胞凋亡,流式细胞术检测细胞周期的改变,半定量RT-PCR检测Bcl-2及BakmRNA的表达水平。结果左旋棉酚在体外能显著抑制LNCaP细胞增殖,呈浓度-时间依赖性。左旋棉酚可以诱导LNCaP细胞发生典型的凋亡形态学改变和G0/G1期阻滞。RT-PCR显示Bcl-2mRNA表达水平降低,BakmRNA表达水平升高。结论左旋棉酚在体外能诱导前列腺癌细胞凋亡,其主要原因可能与BakmRNA的表达升高及Bcl-2mRNA的表达下调有关。     

选择性环氧化酶2抑制剂塞来昔布对人前列腺癌PC-3细胞增殖与凋亡的影响

目的:通过观察选择性环氧化酶2抑制剂塞来昔布对人前列腺癌PC-3细胞株增殖与凋亡的影响,初步探讨塞来昔布对前列腺癌的体外抗肿瘤效应。方法:采用四甲基偶氮唑蓝(MTT)比色法、划痕损伤实验、细胞迁移实验观察塞来昔布对人前列腺癌PC-3细胞株增殖的抑制效应,利用Annexin V/FITC染色和流式细胞术检测塞来昔布诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡的作用。结果:MTT比色法结果显示塞来昔布随着作用浓度和时间增加,对PC-3的抑制率不断增加且表现出良好的量效关系和时效关系(P<0.05);划痕损伤实验显示100μm/L塞来昔布随着作用时间增加PC-3细胞的迁移距离均低于对照组(P<0.05);细胞迁移实验显示100μm/L塞来昔布作用于PC-3时PC-3细胞侵入下室的细胞数比对照组有明显减少(P<0.05);AnnexinV-FITC/PI染色检测实验表明塞来昔布可以诱导PC-3细胞凋亡(P<0.05),细胞周期实验结果表明,100μm塞来昔布作用于PC-3细胞后G0/G1期细胞比例明显增加,S期细胞比例比对照组明显减少(P<0.05)。结论:本研究表明塞来昔布对人前列腺癌PC-3细胞株增殖的抑制效应具有剂量依赖性,并可以诱导细胞凋亡,是治疗前列腺癌的一种可供研究的新途径。     

p27^kipl高表达对前列腺癌PC-3细胞增殖和侵袭转移的影响

目的探讨外源性人p27kip1的高表达对前列腺癌PC-3细胞增殖和侵袭能力的影响.方法利用携带人p27kip1基因的腺病毒(Ad-p27kip1)体外转染人前列腺癌PC-3细胞,逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)、Western印迹法分别检测目的基因不同水平的表达,通过细胞生长试验、流式细胞仪分析技术以及Boyden小室法检测PC-3转染前后细胞增殖、细胞周期、细胞凋亡和细胞体外侵袭力的变化.以Ad-X-gal病毒作为对照.结果 RT-PCR、Western印迹法检测转染Ad-p27kip1后PC-3细胞的p27kip1-mRNA(320bp)、p27蛋白(27×103)表达阳性,转染后对PC-3细胞的生长有抑制作用,出现明显的G0-G1期阻滞,早期细胞凋亡率有所增加,与对照组比较差异有显著性,Boyden小室法检测转染后体外侵袭力受到明显抑制.结论重组腺病毒介导的人p27kip1基因在体外对前列腺癌细胞系PC-3的细胞增殖和侵袭力有明显抑制作用,可望作为前列腺癌基因治疗的有效工具.     

Mechanisms involved in resveratrol-induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in prostate cancer-derived cell lines

Resveratrol is a polyphenol found at high concentrations in grapes and red wine with reported anticarcinogenic effects. We studied the molecular mechanism of resveratrol-induced apoptosis and proliferation arrest in prostate derived cells PZ-HPV-7 (nontumorigenic line), LNCaP (androgen-sensitive cancer line), and PC-3 (androgen-insensitive cancer line). Apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were evaluated by flow cytometry and proliferation by MTT assay and direct cell counting. Caspases, bax, bcl-2, cyclins, Cdks, p53, p21, and p27 were measured by Western blot and kinase activities of cyclin/Cdk complexes by immunoprecipitation followed by kinase assays with appropriate substrates. Resveratrol induced a decrease in proliferation rates and an increase in apoptosis in cancer cell lines in a dose- and time-dependent manner. These effects were coincident with cell accumulation at the G0/G1 phase. In LNCaP and PC-3, the apoptosis induced by resveratrol was mediated by activation of caspases 9 and 3 and a change in the ratio of bax/bcl-2. Expressions of cyclin D1, E, and Cdk4 as well as cyclin D1/Cdk4 kinase activity were reduced by resveratrol only in LNCaP cells. In contrast, cyclin B and Cdk1 expression and cyclin B/Cdk1 kinase activity were decreased in both cell lines in the presence of resveratrol. However, modulator proteins p53, p21, and p27 were increased by resveratrol only in LNCaP cells. These effects probably result in the observed proliferation arrest and disruption of cell cycle control. In addition, the specific differences found between LNCaP and PC-3 suggest that resveratrol acts through different mechanisms upon the androgen or estrogen receptor cell status.     

p27kip1高表达对前列腺癌PC-3细胞增殖和侵袭转移的影响

目的　探讨外源性人p2 7kip1的高表达对前列腺癌PC 3细胞增殖和侵袭能力的影响。方法　利用携带人p2 7kip1基因的腺病毒 (Ad p2 7kip1)体外转染人前列腺癌PC 3细胞 ,逆转录 聚合酶链反应 (RT PCR)、Western印迹法分别检测目的基因不同水平的表达 ,通过细胞生长试验、流式细胞仪分析技术以及Boyden小室法检测PC 3转染前后细胞增殖、细胞周期、细胞凋亡和细胞体外侵袭力的变化。以Ad X gal病毒作为对照。 结果　RT PCR、Western印迹法检测转染Ad p2 7kip1后PC 3细胞的p2 7kip1 mRNA(3 2 0bp)、p2 7蛋白 (2 7× 10 3 )表达阳性 ,转染后对PC 3细胞的生长有抑制作用 ,出现明显的G0 G1期阻滞 ,早期细胞凋亡率有所增加 ,与对照组比较差异有显著性 ,Boyden小室法检测转染后体外侵袭力受到明显抑制。结论　重组腺病毒介导的人 p2 7kip1基因在体外对前列腺癌细胞系PC 3的细胞增殖和侵袭力有明显抑制作用 ,可望作为前列腺癌基因治疗的有效工具。     

Emodin induces apoptosis in human prostate cancer cell LNCaP

AIM: To elucidate effects and mechanisms of emodin in prostate cancer cells. METHODS: Viability of emodin-treated LNCaP cells and PC-3 cells was measured by MTT assay. Following emodin treatments, DNA fragmentation was assayed by agarose gel electrophoresis. Apoptosis rate and the expression of Fas and FasL were assayed by flow cytometric analysis. The mRNA expression levels of androgen receptor (AR), prostate-specific antigen (PSA), p53, p21, Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-3, -8, -9 and Fas were detected by RT-PCR, and the protein expression levels of AR, p53 and p21 were detected by Western blot analysis. RESULTS: In contrast to PC-3, emodin caused a marked increase in apoptosis and a decrease in cell proliferation in LNCaP cells. The expression of AR and PSA was decreased and the expression of p53 and p21 was increased as the emodin concentrations were increased. In the same time, emodin induced apoptosis of LNCaP cells through the upregulation of caspase-3 and -9, as well as the increase of Bax /Bcl-2 ratio. However, it did not involve modulation of Fas or caspase-8 protein expression. CONCLUSION: In prostate cancer cell line, LNCaP, emodin inhibites the proliferation by AR and p53-p21 pathways, and induces apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway.     

Synthetic retinoid CD437 induces S-phase arrest and apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells LNCaP and PC-3

BACKGROUND: Exposure of prostate carcinoma cell lines to retinoids, which function through the classical retinoic acid nuclear receptor, (RARs) or retinoid X receptors (RXRs), results in minimal cytostatic inhibition of cell proliferation. METHODS: Growth inhibition and various regulatory responses were investigated in two human prostate carcinoma cell lines (LNCaP and PC-3) treated with or without a synthetic retinoid, CD 437. RESULTS: Incubation of prostate carcinoma cell lines with a novel retinoid CD437 resulted in the marked inhibition of proliferation. LNCaP and PC-3 possessed IC50 values for CD437 of 375 nM and 550 nM, respectively. Incubation with 1 microM CD437 for 24 hr resulted in 100% and 60% inhibition of growth in LNCaP and PC-3 cells, respectively. Simultaneously, cell flow cytometric analyses revealed a dramatic increase of the cell population in S phase, in both LNCaP (from 38.6% up to 86.7%) and PC-3 (27.9% to 55.7%), and a decreased proportion of cells in G2 phase, in LNCaP (from 23.7% down to 1.2%) and PC-3 (14.9% to 2.2%), indicating a significant S-phase arrest. The cell growth inhibition and S-phase arrest in these cells were followed by apoptosis, as revealed by the acquisition of the characteristic cell morphology including the appearance of apoptotic bodies, and further confirmed by cellular DNA fragmentation. CD437-induced-S phase arrest was associated with upregulated mRNA levels of p21waf1/cip1/sdi1 in both LNCaP (p53+/+) and PC-3 (53-/-) cells. CONCLUSIONS: CD437 represents a unique retinoid that induces S-phase arrest and apoptosis in both androgen-dependent (LNCaP) and -independent (PC-3) human prostate cancer cells, suggesting a potential role of CD437 in the treatment of human prostate cancer.     

Inhibitory effect of zinc on human prostatic carcinoma cell growth.

BACKGROUND: Normal human prostate accumulates the highest levels of zinc of any soft tissue in the body. In contrast, the zinc level in prostate cancer is markedly decreased from the level detected in nonprostate tissues. Despite these relationships, the possible role of zinc in the growth of normal and malignant prostate has not been determined. METHODS: Growth inhibition and various regulatory responses were investigated in two human prostate carcinoma cell lines (LNCaP and PC-3), treated with or without zinc. RESULTS: Incubation of the prostate carcinoma cell lines with physiological levels of zinc resulted in the marked inhibition of cell growth. A lower 50% inhibition of cell growth (IC50) value for zinc (about 100 ng/ml) was detected in LNCaP cells, which are androgen-responsive, whereas androgen-independent PC-3 cells exhibited a higher IC50 for zinc (about 700 ng/ml). Incubation with 1 microg/ml zinc resulted in maximum inhibition of growth in both cell lines. These inhibitory effects of zinc correlated well with the accumulation of zinc in the cells. Simultaneously, cell flow cytometric analyses revealed a dramatic increase of the cell population in G2/M phase, in both LNCaP (2.3-fold vs. control) and PC-3 (1.9-fold vs. control), and a decreased proportion of cells in S phase (LNCaP, -51.4%; PC-3, -23%), indicating a G2/M phase arrest. The cell growth inhibition and G2/M arrest in these cells were accompanied by an increase in apoptosis, as demonstrated by the characteristic cell morphology and further confirmed by cellular DNA fragmentation. The specificity of zinc-induced apoptosis was identified by ethylenediamine-tetraacetic acid (EDTA)-chelation, which abolished the zinc effect on cellular DNA fragmentation. The zinc-induced G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis were accompanied by increased mRNA levels of p21(Waf1/Cip1/Sdi1) in both LNCaP (p53+/+) and PC-3 (p53-/-) cells. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that zinc inhibits human prostatic carcinoma cell growth, possibly due to induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. There now exists strong evidence that the loss of a unique capability to retain high levels of zinc is an important factor in the development and progression of malignant prostate cells.     

Downregulation of androgen receptor expression by luteolin causes inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells and xenografts

BACKGROUND: Androgen receptor (ARs) play a crucial role in the development and progression of prostate cancer. Recent studies have suggested that prostate cancer cell proliferation is inhibited by AR downregulation. Our aim was to investigate how luteolin, a natural flavonoid, affects cell growth and AR expression in prostate cancer cells and xenografts. METHODS: We assessed prostate cancer cell (LNCaP, DU145, and PC-3) proliferation and apoptosis by MTT assay, flow cytometric analysis, and Western analysis. AR function was measured by evaluating the AR target molecule, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), by RT-PCR, Western blotting, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We determined the mechanism of AR downregulation with cycloheximide chase assays, proteasome inhibitor, and coimmunoprecipitation experiments. The effects of luteolin on growth inhibition in vivo were examined by LNCaP xenografts in SCID mice. RESULTS: Luteolin significantly repressed prostate cancer cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in LNCaP cells. PC-3 and DU145 cells were less susceptible to luteolin-mediated growth inhibition. Luteolin simultaneously suppressed intracellular and secreted PSA levels and repressed AR mRNA and protein expression in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Luteolin reduced the association between AR and heat-shock protein 90, causing AR degradation through a proteasome-mediated pathway in a ligand-independent manner. Luteolin also suppressed LNCaP xenograft tumor growth in SCID mice. CONCLUSION: Luteolin-mediated AR downregulation contributes to the inhibition of cell proliferation and the induction of apoptosis in LNCaP human prostate cancer cells, suggesting that AR is a molecular target for luteolin-mediated anticancer activity. Luteolin may act as a chemopreventive or chemotherapeutic agent for prostate cancer.     

微小核糖核酸miR-370-5p对前列腺癌细胞增殖影响的研究

目的 探讨微小核糖核酸miR-370-5p对前列腺癌细胞系PC3和DU145细胞增殖的影响.方法 将前列腺癌细胞系PC3和DU145分为2组:阴性对照组-转染随机序列(dsCon-trol);实验组-转染miR-370-5p或miR-370-5p+siP21.实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(qPCR)检测各组细胞中p21 mRNA的表达及前列腺癌细胞系中miR-370-5p的基础表达情况;蛋白质印迹法检测p21蛋白的表达;集落形成实验检测各组单个细胞克隆增殖情况;细胞增殖实验检测转染后各组细胞的增殖能力.结果 与正常前列腺上皮细胞(RWPE-1)比较,前列腺癌细胞系PC3和DU145中miR-370-5p表达下降;与阴性对照组相比,实验组PC3和DU145细胞中p21 mRNA的相对表达量分别提高了(2.457±0.392)倍和(1.844±0.295)倍.实验组PC3和DU145细胞中p21蛋白的相对表达分别为(0.52±0.09)和(0.63±0.14),阴性对照组为(0.18±0.06)和(0.24±0.05),两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).阴性对照组和实验组中PC3和DU145细胞的集落形成数目分别为(0.281±0.024)、(0.084±0.016)、(0.293±0.017)和(0.310±0.041)、(0.088±0.019)、(0.300±0.032),实验组在转染miR-370-5p后,细胞集落形成数目均较阴性对照组少;而在miR-370-5p+siP21共转染后,与转染miR-370-5p组相比较,PC3和DU145细胞集落形成数目均显著恢复,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).细胞增殖实验结果显示,实验组转染miR-370-5p后,PC3和DU145细胞在48、72、96 h的存活情况(用吸光度OD值表示)分别为(0.395±0.040)、(0.691±0.042)、(0.874±0.045)和(0.437±0.044)、(0.700±0.051)、(0.875±0.052),与阴性对照组相比,实验组细胞增殖能力明显下降(P<0.05);miR-370-5p+siP21共转染后48、72、96 h,PC3和DU145细胞的OD值分别为(0.675±0.041)、(1.072±0.124)、(1.323±0.136)和(0.633±0.106)、(1.072±0.167)、(1.337±0.102),与转染miR-370-5p比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 miR-370-5p能够通过上调p21蛋白的表达抑制前列腺癌细胞的增殖.     

多囊蛋白1氨基端肽对常染色体显性多囊肾囊肿衬里上皮细胞增殖和凋亡的影响

目的 探讨多囊蛋白1氨基端肽（PC-1NTP）对常染色体显性多囊肾病（ADPKD）肾囊肿衬里上皮细胞增殖、细胞周期和凋亡的影响.方法 用噻唑蓝（MTT）法检测PC-1NTP对ADPKD囊肿衬里上皮细胞增殖的影响.用流式细胞仪分析细胞周期与凋亡状况.用荧光定量PCR检测细胞中细胞周期素cyclinD1、p21WAF1、bax、bcl-2和小染色体维护蛋白2（MCM-2）的mRNA表达.结果 PC-1NTP使ADPKD囊肿衬里上皮细胞G0/G1期细胞百分比显著增多,S期细胞百分比显著减少,并明显抑制其增殖和凋亡;同时细胞中p21和bcl-2 mRNA表达明显增高（P＜0.01）,cyclinD1、bax和MCM-2的mRNA表达明显减弱（P＜0.01或P＜0.05）.结论 PC-1NTP能明显抑制ADPKD囊肿衬里上皮细胞的增殖和凋亡,减慢细胞周期进程,其作用机制可能是通过调节G1/S关卡调节因子cyclinD1/p21WAF1和凋亡调节蛋白bcl-2/bax的表达实现的.PC-1NTP有希望成为治疗ADPKD的可选药物.