CD4+CD28-T细胞在急性冠脉综合征中的作用研究进展

近年来,在急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者的粥样斑块中和外周血中发现一种不寻常的细胞,即CD4+CD28T淋巴细胞.该细胞以分泌Thl型细胞因子为主,具有大量扩增和寿命长的特征,且具有细胞毒性T细胞(CTL)的功能.这种T细胞亚群在斑块中的堆积引起了斑块的不稳定,参与ACS的发生.因而对该细胞的研究将为ACS的预防和治疗提供新的途径.     

CD4+CD28-T细胞DNA甲基化异常与免疫系统疾病的关系

在急性冠脉综合征(ACS)和一些自身免疫性疾病中发现CD4+ CD28-T细胞,该细胞具有细胞毒性,抵抗细胞凋亡和浸润组织能力.CD4+ CD28-T细胞内的DNA甲基化异常可导致一些基因的过度表达,与疾病的发生发展密切相关.深入研究CD4+ CD28-T细胞功能特性及CD4+CD28-T细胞内DNA甲基化在疾病中的作用,有利于阐明疾病的发病机制,为治疗疾病提供新的线索.     

急性冠脉综合征患者外周血CD4+CD28-T细胞与白细胞介素-6和C-反应蛋白的相关性研究

目的 检测急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者外周血中CD4+ CD28-T细胞与IL-6和C-反应蛋白(CRP)相关性.方法 选取43例ACS患者,40例稳定性心绞痛(SAP),选取40例健康人作为正常对照.采用流式细胞分析仪测定CD4+ CD28-T细胞;IL-6和CRP水平分别采用ELISA法和特种蛋白分析仪进行测定.结果 ACS组患者的CD4+ CD28-T细胞数量和IL-6和CRP水平均显著高于SAP组(P＜0.001)或正常对照组(P＜0.001),而且ACS患者CD4+ CD28-T细胞与IL-6(r=0.79,P＜0.001)和CRP(r=0.50,P＜0.001)具有相关性.结论 ACS患者CD4+ CD28-T细胞数量的增高与IL-6和CRP高度相关,可能参与冠心病的病程进展.     

急性冠脉综合征患者CD4^＋CD28^-T淋巴细胞与HLA-DRB1的相关性

目的:探讨人HLA-DRB1等位基因多态性与急性冠脉综合征(ACS)CD4 CD28- T细胞数量的关系.方法:采用聚合酶链反应-序列特异性引物DNA分型技术对136例ACS患者和115例健康对照进行HLA-DRB1基因分型.同时采用流式细胞术(FCM)进行CD4 CD28- T 细胞测定, 分析HLA与CD4 CD28- T 细胞的相关性.结果:HLA- DRB1*15, DRB1*04和DRB1*01等位基因与CD4 CD28- T淋巴细胞数量相关, 表达DRB1*04和DRB1*01的患者有高百分比的CD4 CD28-T淋巴细胞, 而表达DRB1*15的所有患者却有低数量的CD4 CD28- T淋巴细胞.结论:在黑龙江地区人群中, ACS患者CD4 CD28- T细胞的形成与HLA-DRB1*01、 DRB1*04和DRB1*15 密切相关.     

GD患者外周血CD4+CD28-T细胞亚群的表型特征及临床意义

检测Graves病(GD)患者外周血CD4~+CD28-T细胞水平及其表面CD45RO/CD45RA及ICOS的表达,探讨CD4~+ CD28-T细胞亚群在GD免疫致病机制中的作用。采用三色荧光抗体染色及流式细胞术检测了42例初发GD患者和30例健康者外周血中CD4~+CD28-T细胞的百分率及其表面CD45RO/CD45RA和ICOS表达水平,同时检测其甲状腺功能并进行相关性分析。结果GD患者外周血中CD4~+CD28-T细胞百分率明显高于健康对照组,并高表达ICOS分子,与FT3水平显著正相关;与健康对照组相比,GD患者CD4~+CD28~-CD45RO~+T细胞百分率也显著增高,而CD4~+CD28~-CD45RA~+T细胞呈下降趋势,FT3、FT4水平与CD4~+CD28-T细胞表面CD45RO的表达率呈正相关,而FT3水平与CD45RA表达呈负相关。结论GD患者外周血CD4~+CD28~-T细胞异常增高,表面高表达ICOS分子,具有记忆性细胞的表型特征,与甲状腺功能异常有一定的相关性,CD4~+CD28-T细胞可能是参与GD免疫病理反应的自身反应性T细胞。     

急性冠脉综合征患者外周血中CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞的检测及意义

目的 探讨急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者外周血中CIM CD25 调节性T细胞(Treg)的异常与疾病的关系.方法 28例ACS患者(ACS组)、26例稳定性心绞痛(SAP)患者(SAP组)和30例正常人(对照组)作为入选对象,均采用流式细胞术检测各组外周血中Treg表达百分比,并检测各组Tred的功能状态,EILSA法检测循环及上清液中细胞因子TNF-α和IL-10浓度,常规检测循环CRP及血脂水平.结果 外周血中Treg表达百分比水平及功能ACS组显著低于SAP组(P＜0.05)和对照组(P＜0.05),CRP、TNF-α的水平ACS组显著高于SAP组(P＜0.05)和对照组(P＜0.05),ACS组IL-10的水平显著低于SAP组(P＜0.05)和对照组(P＜0.05).结论 ACS患者外周血中Treg比例减少及功能的降低可能破坏了外周免疫耐受的平衡,参与炎症反应激活致动脉粥样硬化发生发展这一病理过程.     

急性冠脉综合征患者胸腺新近输出CD4~+CD25~+调节性T细胞的检测及意义

目的:探讨急性冠脉综合征患者胸腺新近输出的CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞(Treg)的水平及意义。方法:实验共分3组:急性冠脉综合征(ACS)组28例,稳定型心绞痛(SA)组25例和健康对照(HCs)组24例。采用CD31作为胸腺新近输出的典型标志,用磁性细胞分离器(MACS)分离各组CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞,流式细胞分析法检测各组患者外周血CD31+Treg占Treg细胞的比例,应用实时定量PCR检测CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞中T细胞受体重排删除环的数量。结果:ACS组外周血CD31+Treg/Treg比例明显低于SA组(P=0.003)和HCs组(P<0.001)。ACS组Treg细胞中TREC的数量亦明显低于SA组(P=0.001)和HCs组(P<0.001)。而SA组和HCs组间差异均无统计学意义(P=0.106和P=0.566)。患者CD31+Treg的比例与Treg细胞中TREC的数量呈正相关(r=0.493,P=0.014)。结论:急性冠状动脉综合征患者胸腺新近输出CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞减少可能是动脉粥样斑块不稳定的原因。     

胃癌患者PBMCs中CD4+CD25+T细胞体外增殖及对CD4+CD25-T细胞增殖的影响

目的:探讨胃癌患者外周血单个核细胞（PBMCs）中的CD4+CD25+T细胞体外增殖及对CD4+CD25-T细胞增殖的影响。 方法:以免疫磁性分离方法 （MACS）分选出胃癌患者外周血单个核细胞中的CD4+CD25+T及CD4+CD25-T细胞后，用流式细胞仪分析细胞的纯度及活力；再以小鼠抗人CD3单抗、小鼠抗人CD28单抗及rh IL-2作为共刺激因子，观察与CD4+CD25-T细胞共培养时，CD4+CD25+T细胞对CD4+CD25-T细胞增殖的抑制效应。 结果:（1）分选后健康对照组及胃癌患者PBMC 中CD4+CD25+ T细胞纯度分别为83.8%±1.84%、84.13%±2.77％，两者相比，无显著差异（P＞0.05）;(2)经MACS 分选后正常对照组与胃癌患者CD4+CD25+ T细胞活力分别为98.52%±0.72%、97.80%±0.95%，两者相比，无显著差异（P＞0.05）；(3)无论是健康对照还是胃癌患者的CD4+CD25+T均具有明显抑制效应性T细胞如CD4+CD25-T细胞的增殖，随着CD4+CD25+T细胞数的增加，这种抑制增殖的能力也相应增加，当CD4+CD25+∶〖KG-*2〗CD4+CD25-T达 1∶〖KG-*2〗1时，抑制率最大达到50％。 结论:MACS分选法能够分选出高纯度及活力的CD4+CD25+T细胞，分选后CD4+CD25+T细胞在体外均能抑制CD4+CD25-T细胞增殖，且这种抑制效应呈一定效靶比关系。     

CD4+CD25-T细胞凋亡机制的研究

目的：探讨CD4^＋CD25^-T细胞AICD发生的机制.方法：磁性细胞分离器（MACS）分离CD4^＋CD25^- T细胞.以CD3/CD28单克隆抗体活化BALB/c小鼠CD4^＋CD25^-T细胞或以OVA323-339肽、抗原递呈细胞活化DO11.10小鼠CD4^＋CD25^-T细胞两种方式建立AICD模型.基因芯片检测CD4^＋CD25^-T细胞和CD4＋CD25＋T细胞凋亡相关基因的表达.流式细胞仪检测细胞的凋亡率.并观察FasL中和抗体、TRAIL中和抗体及zVAD-fmk对CD4^＋CD25^-T细胞凋亡的影响.结果：MACS成功分离CD4^＋CD25^-T细胞,纯度可达98%.建立了CD3/CD28抗体以及OVA特异性抗原活化的CD4^＋CD25^-T细胞AICD模型,CD4^＋CD25^-T细胞凋亡率达35%～40%.基因芯片分析发现CD4^＋CD25^-T细胞相对高表达TRAIL、FAS,而CD4^＋CD25^-T细胞相对高表达DR5、FasL.FasL、TRAIL中和抗体及zVAD-fmk可明显抑制CD4＋CD25＋T细胞的凋亡.结论：FasL、TRAIL及其它凋亡相关分子可能参与了CD4^＋CD25^-T细胞的凋亡.     

CD4~+ CD28~- T淋巴细胞与自身免疫性疾病

CD4+CD28-T细胞是一个具有特殊生物学效应的细胞亚群,高频出现于某些自身免疫性疾病中,具有细胞毒样的侵蚀特性、T细胞活化的不平衡性及抗凋亡特征,与疾病的发生、发展及转归密切相关。     

Demethylation of TNFSF7 contributes to CD70 overexpression in CD4+ T cells from patients with systemic sclerosis

The pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis (SSc) is still unclear. CD70, a B cell costimulatory molecule that interacts with CD27 during B–T cell contact, is overexpressed due to demethylation of its promoter regulatory elements in CD4+ T cells from patients with the following autoimmune diseases, namely systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus (SCLE) and primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). However, as an autoimmune disease, it is unknown whether aberrant expression and methylation of CD70 occur in SSc CD4+ T cells.     

Correlation between miR-126 expression and DNA hypomethylation of CD4+ T cells in rheumatoid arthritis patients

It has been known that the occurrence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was closely correlated with DNA hypomethylation in CD4+ T cells, in which DNA methyltransferase plays a certain role. This study therefore investigated the effect of miR-126 on CD4+ T cell subgroup in RA patients and the alternation of DNA hypomethylation, in an attempt to provide new sights into the pathogenesis and treatment of RA. CD4+ T cells separated from RA patients were transfected with miRNA (miR)-126 expression vector or miR-126 inhibitor expression vector. The expression levels of CD11a, CD70 and DNMT1 mRNA were examined by real-time PCR. Protein levels of CD11a and CD70 were tested by flow cytometry while DNMT1 protein level was quantified by Western blotting. DNA was modified by sodium bisulfite and was sequenced for the methylation status of promoters of CD11a and CD70 genes. Both mRNA and protein expressions of CD11a and CD70 genes in CD4+ T cells were elevated by miR-126 transfection, along with decreased DNMT1 protein level but not mRNA level. The methylation degree of promoters of both CD11a and CD70 genes were significantly depressed after miR-126 transfection. The transfection by miR-126 inhibitor effectively reversed such effects. In RA patients, elevated miR-126 may promote the expression of CD11a and CD70 via the induction of hypomethylation of gene promoters by depressing DNMTI1 protein levels.     

伴颈动脉粥样硬化脑梗患者CD4+CD28null T细胞CD158j表达和ERK磷酸化水平的关系

Objective To investigate the relationship between CD158j expression and phosphorylated ERK (p-ERK) in CD4+ CD28null T cells in cerebral infarction (CI) patients- with carotid atherosclerosis and its effects on carotid atherosclerotic plaque stability. Methods Percentage of peripheral CD4+ CD28null and the expression of CD158j and perform on CD4+ CD28null cells was analyzed with flow cytometry in 106 CI patients with carotid atherosclerosis, 33 CI patients with normal carotid arteries and in 50 normal controls, respectively; p-ERK expression was assayed with flow cytometry in 36 CI patients with unstable plaque, and serum IFN-γ was detected with ELISA. The intima-media thickness (IMT) of bilateral carotid arteries in all subjects was confirmed by the colour Doppler ultrasonograph imagingResults Percentage of the CD4+ CD28null T cells, expression of CD158j and perform on CD4+ CD28null T cells and the serum IFN-γ levels was dramatically higher in CI patients than that in normal controls, respectively (all P <0.01), which was decreased in an order of CI patients with patients with unstable plaque, stable plaque, carotid artery IMT and with normal carotid artery. A strong positive correlation was observed between the CD158j expression and degree of p-ERK in CI patients with unstable plaque (P < 0. 01). Conclusion CD4+ CD28null T cells were significantly increased in CI patients with carotid atherosclerosis. CD158j might up-regulate p-ERK expression and induce the proliferation of the CD4+ CD28nullT cells; consequently, higher cytokine production such as IFN-γ produced by CD4+ CD28null T cells may cause the formation of unstable plaque.     

伴颈动脉粥样硬化脑梗患者CD4+CD28null T细胞CD158j表达和ERK磷酸化水平的关系

Objective To investigate the relationship between CD158j expression and phosphorylated ERK (p-ERK) in CD4+ CD28null T cells in cerebral infarction (CI) patients- with carotid atherosclerosis and its effects on carotid atherosclerotic plaque stability. Methods Percentage of peripheral CD4+ CD28null and the expression of CD158j and perform on CD4+ CD28null cells was analyzed with flow cytometry in 106 CI patients with carotid atherosclerosis, 33 CI patients with normal carotid arteries and in 50 normal controls, respectively; p-ERK expression was assayed with flow cytometry in 36 CI patients with unstable plaque, and serum IFN-γ was detected with ELISA. The intima-media thickness (IMT) of bilateral carotid arteries in all subjects was confirmed by the colour Doppler ultrasonograph imagingResults Percentage of the CD4+ CD28null T cells, expression of CD158j and perform on CD4+ CD28null T cells and the serum IFN-γ levels was dramatically higher in CI patients than that in normal controls, respectively (all P <0.01), which was decreased in an order of CI patients with patients with unstable plaque, stable plaque, carotid artery IMT and with normal carotid artery. A strong positive correlation was observed between the CD158j expression and degree of p-ERK in CI patients with unstable plaque (P < 0. 01). Conclusion CD4+ CD28null T cells were significantly increased in CI patients with carotid atherosclerosis. CD158j might up-regulate p-ERK expression and induce the proliferation of the CD4+ CD28nullT cells; consequently, higher cytokine production such as IFN-γ produced by CD4+ CD28null T cells may cause the formation of unstable plaque.     

RA患者外周血CD8＋CD28-和CD4＋CD25＋调节性T细胞的表达及疾病活动性指标相关性分析

目的：检测类风湿性关节炎（RA）患者外周血CD8＋CD28-、CD4＋CD25＋调节性T细胞亚群,探讨其与临床活动性指标的关系。方法：采用流式细胞术检测台州医院RA患者外周血CD8＋CD28-、CD4＋CD25＋ T细胞亚群比例,探讨调节性T细胞与RA活动性、类风湿因子（RF）、免疫球蛋白（Ig）、C反应蛋白（CRP）、补体C3、抗CCP抗体、抗核抗体（ANA）、血小板（PLT）及血沉（ESR）的关系。结果：活动期RA患者外周血CD4＋CD25＋调节性T细胞亚群比例显著低于正常对照组（P〈0.01）,但稳定期RA患者与正常对照组结果差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。活动期和稳定期RA患者CD8＋CD28-与正常对照组相比较,结果无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;CD4＋CD25＋与CRP密切相关（r=-0.593,P〈0.05）,CD8＋CD28-与ESR相关系数呈弱相关。CD4＋CD25＋和CD8＋CD28-细胞与RF、IGG、C3、ANA、anti-CCP和PLT未见明显相关性。结论：活动期RA患者外周血CD4＋CD25＋ T细胞亚群比例减少,CD4＋CD25＋ T细胞可能与类风湿性关节炎疾病进展有关。     

CD8+ CD28- and CD8+ CD57+ T cells and their role in health and disease

Chronic antigenic stimulation leads to gradual accumulation of late-differentiated, antigen-specific, oligoclonal T cells, particularly within the CD8(+) T-cell compartment. They are characterized by critically shortened telomeres, loss of CD28 and/or gain of CD57 expression and are defined as either CD8(+) CD28(-) or CD8(+) CD57(+) T lymphocytes. There is growing evidence that the CD8(+) CD28(-) (CD8(+) CD57(+)) T-cell population plays a significant role in various diseases or conditions, associated with chronic immune activation such as cancer, chronic intracellular infections, chronic alcoholism, some chronic pulmonary diseases, autoimmune diseases, allogeneic transplantation, as well as has a great influence on age-related changes in the immune system status. CD8(+) CD28(-) (CD8(+) CD57(+)) T-cell population is heterogeneous and composed of various functionally competing (cytotoxic and immunosuppressive) subsets thus the overall effect of CD8(+) CD28(-) (CD8(+) CD57(+)) T-cell-mediated immunity depends on the predominance of a particular subset. Many articles claim that CD8(+) CD28(-) (CD8(+) CD57(+)) T cells have lost their proliferative capacity during process of replicative senescence triggered by repeated antigenic stimulation. However recent data indicate that CD8(+) CD28(-) (CD8(+) CD57(+)) T cells can transiently up-regulate telomerase activity and proliferate under certain stimulation conditions. Similarly, conflicting data is provided regarding CD8(+) CD28(-) (CD8(+) CD57(+)) T-cell sensitivity to apoptosis, finally leading to the conclusion that this T-cell population is also heterogeneous in terms of its apoptotic potential. This review provides a comprehensive approach to the CD8(+) CD28(-) (CD8(+) CD57(+)) T-cell population: we describe in detail its origins, molecular and functional characteristics, subsets, role in various diseases or conditions, associated with persistent antigenic stimulation.