高效液相测定保健食品中淫羊藿甙的含量

目的:建立保健食品中测定淫羊藿甙含量的方法。方法:用反相高效液相色谱法测定保健食中淫羊藿甙的含量。结果:方法线性范围为:1.66000~0.00415 mg/ml,最低检出限为0.06μg/ml,总分析时间:14.0 min。淫羊藿甙平均保留时间:12.6 min。平均回收率为:97.95%。精密度实验RSD,淫羊藿甙标准品为0.85,样品为1.46。结论:反相高效液相色谱法法测定定淫羊藿甙含品的含量方法稳定、可靠、简便,适用于保健食品的分析。     

高效液相色谱法测定安神补脑片中淫羊藿苷含量

目的分析高效液相色谱法在安神补脑片中淫羊藿苷含量测定中的应用价值。方法采取Kromasil C18柱,乙腈:水(35:65)为流动相,在270 nm波长下对安神补脑片中淫羊藿苷含量进行检测。结果淫羊藿苷质量浓度在5.01~50.1 ug/ml之间存在良好的线性关系,r=0.9997,平均回收率为99.62%,RSD值为1.32%。结论采取高效液相色谱法对安神补脑片中淫羊藿苷含量进行测定,操作简单、灵敏,结果准确可靠、重现性好,值得推广。     

固相萃取反相液相色谱法测定保健食品中淫羊藿甙

目的：建立固相萃取高效液相色谱法测定保健食品中淫羊藿甙含量的方法。方法：采用固相萃取技术对样品进行净化,以甲醇＋水（体积比为50＋50）为流动相,ODS柱分离,用二极管阵列检测器于270 nm处检测。结果：淫羊藿甙在2.80～280μg/m l范围内与色谱峰的峰面积呈良好的线性关系（r=0.9999）,回收率为91.1%～94.0%,RSD小于4.2%。结论：方法快速、简便、准确、重现性好,可作为保健食品的质量检验的一个定量方法。     

高效液相色谱法测定更年乐片中淫羊藿苷的含量

目的：建立高效液相色谱法测定更年乐片中淫羊藿苷的含量。方法：采用高效液相色谱法测定。Shim—pack vp ODS色谱柱（250mm×4．6mm,5．0μm）,流动相为乙腈-水（28：72）,流速为1ml-min^-1,检测波长为270hm。结果：在0．0765μg-0．918μg范围内呈良好的线性关系,r=0．9999;乎均回收率为99．2％,RSD为0．63％。结论：采用高效液相色谱法测定更年乐片中淫羊藿苷的含量,方法简便,灵敏,可靠性好。     

高效液相色谱法测定骨力片中淫羊藿苷的含量

目的建立高效液相谱对骨力片中淫羊藿苷含量测定的方法,为制剂的质量控制提供依据。方法以淫羊藿苷为含量测定指标,色谱柱Diamonsil C18(250 mm×4.6 mm×5μm);流动相:乙腈-水(25∶75),流速:1.0 ml/min,检测波长:270 nm。结果淫羊藿苷的回归方程:y=1 259.462 5x-1.051 2,r=1.000 0,加标回收率为97.7%,RSD为0.74%。结论该方法具有样品处理简便、测定周期短、灵敏度高、重现性好、专属性强的特点,可以有效地控制骨力片的质量。     

中药制剂复方前列安颗粒中淫羊藿苷的含量分析

目的：建立用高效液相色谱法测定复方前列安颗粒中淫羊藿苷含量的方法。方法：采用C18色谱柱（200mm＊4.6mm,5um三津特纳）;流动相：乙腈—水（30：70）;检测波长：270nm,结果：淫羊藿苷在4-36ug/ml（r=0.9998）范围内有良好的线性关系。平均回收率为100.70%,RSD为2.55%。结论：本方法操作简便、准确、灵敏度高,可有效地用于复方前列安颗粒的质量控制。     

超高效液相色谱法同时测定中草药保健食品中7种功效成分

目的 建立灵敏、简便的中草药保健食品中7种功效成分(丹参酮ⅡA、芍药苷、栀子苷、丹皮酚、芦丁、淫羊藿苷和木兰花碱)同时测定的超高效液相色谱方法。方法 样品用60%甲醇超声提取，采用C18色谱柱分离，以甲醇—0.1%甲酸水溶液为流动相，梯度洗脱，紫外波长检测，外标法定量。结果 丹参酮IIA、芍药苷、栀子苷、芦丁、木兰花碱在0.50～50.0 mg/L,丹皮酚和淫羊藿苷在0.10～25.0 mg/L范围内有良好的线性关系，相关系数r≥0.9992。方法检出限为0.1～1 mg/kg,回收率88.9%～105.0%,相对标准偏差(relative standard deviations, RSDs)为0.4%～7.7%。结论 该方法操作简便，灵敏、快捷，适合中草药保健食品中7种功效成分的同时测定。     

HPLC法测定活络镇痛片中淫羊藿苷的含量

目的 建立高效液相色谱法测定活络镇痛片中淫羊藿苷的含量测定方法.方法 KromasilC18(5μm,250x4.6mm);流动相:甲醇-0.4％磷酸溶液(55:45);检测波长:270 nm,柱温:35℃.结果 淫羊藿苷在0.072 ～0.36μg范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9999),平均回收率为99.18％(n=5),RSD为1.89％.结论 结果准确,重复性好,可用于该制剂的质量控制.     

HPLC法同时测定保健食品中番泻苷A和番泻苷B的含量

目的建立高效液相色谱法测定保健食品中番泻苷A和番泻苷B含量的方法。方法样品经超声提取后,采用高效液相色谱-紫外检测技术进行检测,以Synergi Hydro-RP(250mm×4.6mm,4μm)为色谱柱,乙腈∶1.0%冰乙酸水溶液(17∶83)为流动相,检测波长270nm,外标法计算含量。结果番泻苷A和番泻苷B分别在1.40～28.0μg/ml和1.45～29.0μg/ml浓度范围内具有良好线性关系;番泻苷A和番泻苷B的平均加标回收率分别为85.2%～97.2%和86.1%～96.2%;相对标准偏差分别为7.5%和6.8%;检出限分别为0.8和0.6mg/kg;定量限分别为2.1和2.0 mg/kg。结论该方法简单、准确,可用于含有番泻苷的保健食品的质量控制。     

高效液相色谱法测定保健食品中松果菊苷

目的:建立高效液相色谱法测定保健食品中松果菊苷的方法。方法:样品经50%甲醇提取,以0.2%磷酸-乙腈为流动相,流速为1.0 ml/min,Intersil C18柱分离(柱温为35℃),在331 nm处检测。结果:被测组分在28μg/ml～280μg/ml范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9999);加标回收率为89.3%～101.2%,相对标准偏差(RSD)2.92%～3.50%(n=6)。方法检出限为0.84μg/ml,方法定量限为2.81μg/ml。结论:本方法快速、灵敏、重现性好,适用于保健食品中松果菊苷的测定。     

Calcium intake in the elderly: validation of a dietary questionnaire

Epidemiological studies of calcium and osteoporosis have been hampered by the lack of a suitable tool for assessing calcium intake. This report describes a new frequency and amount questionnaire for measuring present and past calcium intake in the elderly. The validity of the questionnaire was tested against two commonly used standards of dietary assessment, five-day duplicate diets and seven-day weighed dietary inventories. The resulting correlation coefficients were, respectively, r = 0.76 and r = 0.69, while that for repeatability was r = 0.84. Furthermore, the questionnaire categorized subjects into thirds of the distribution of intake with almost no gross misclassification. It is suggested that the present findings may be extended to the majority of normal, healthy elderly subjects, implying wide application for the questionnaire in the assessment of calcium intake in the elderly.     

Self-reported health problems among Swedish miners one year after unemployment

Unemployment is considered to be a public health concern sincedeterioration in the health of the unemployed is often anticipated.However, for some groups, such as miners, unemployment mightimprove health due to a cessation of potentially harmful occupationalexposures. This study evaluates the health of 79 miners in oneSwedish iron-ore mine, and 226 age-matched controls from thegeneral population, during one year after the closure of themine. The participants received a questionnaire regarding medicalhistory and subjective symptoms at the beginning of the studyperiod, and after one year. Statistically significant negativeeffects on self-reported health attributable to unemploymentwere not found, although neuropsychiatric symptoms were morecommon among the unemployed miners. The miners reported a statisticallysignificant improvement in grip force (p=0.031). They had asignificantly higher prevalence of symptoms associated withmining related exposures when compared with the population controls;pain in the upper extremities [relative risk (RR)=2.27, 95%confidence interval (Cl)=1.44–3.59), back pain (RR=1.84;Cl=1.237–2.75), vasospastic disease of the fingers (RR=2.05;Cl=1.18–3.57) and obstructive respiratory symptoms (attacksof dyspnea and wheezing: RR=3.67; Cl=1.167–11.6).     

Excès de cas humains et animaux de tularémie en France au cours de l’hiver 2007–2008 : émergence ou phénomène isolé ?

Context

Tularemia is a zoonosis affecting humans and hares in France. We describe the results of surveillance in both species, in 2007 and 2008.

Methods

Human tularemia cases are mandatorily notifiable in France since 2003. In hares, surveillance relies on volunteer hunter associations in all districts of the country. Data from mandatory reports and volunteer surveillance in 2007/2008 were analyzed and compared with previous results.

Results

In 2007/2008, 144 cases were reported in humans and 117 cases in hares. This was a 100% increase compared to previous years. Human cases differed from those of previous years only by the frequency of contact with breeding animals. Human cases without any documented risk exposure were also more frequent.

Conclusion

An increase of tularemia cases occurred in 2007/2008 in both species. Complementary studies are needed to identify the species reservoir in France to understand the causes of this peak of cases.     

Occupational health hazards in mining: an overview

This review article outlines the physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic and psychosocial occupational health hazards of mining and associated metallurgical processes. Mining remains an important industrial sector in many parts of the world and although substantial progress has been made in the control of occupational health hazards, there remains room for further risk reduction. This applies particularly to traumatic injury hazards, ergonomic hazards and noise. Vigilance is also required to ensure exposures to coal dust and crystalline silica remain effectively controlled.     

Manufacture and use of nanomaterials: current status in the UK and global trends

This paper provides an overview of the production and use of nanomaterials (NMs), particularly in the UK. Currently, relatively few companies in the UK are identifiable as NM manufacturers, the main emphasis being the bulk markets in metals and metal oxides, and some niche markets such as carbon nanotubes and quantum dots. NM manufacturing in the UK does not reflect the global emphasis on fullerenes, nanotubes and fibres. Some assumptions have been made about the types of NM that are likely to be imported into the UK, which currently include fullerenes, modified fullerenes and other carbon-based NMs including nanotubes. Many university departments, spin-offs and private companies have developed processes for the manufacture of NMs but may only be producing small quantities for research and development (R&D) purposes. However, some have the potential to scale up to produce large quantities. The nanotechnology industry in the UK has strong R&D backup from universities and related institutions. This review has covered R&D trends at such institutions, and appropriate information has been added to a searchable database. While several companies are including NMs in their products, only a few (e.g. manufacturers of paints, coatings, cosmetics, catalysts, polymer composites) are using nanoparticles (NPs) in any significant quantities. However, this situation is likely to change rapidly. There is a need to collect more information about exposure to NPs in both manufacturing and user scenarios. As the market grows, and as manufacturers switch from the micro- to the nanoscale, the potential for exposure will increase. More research is required to quantify any risks to workers and consumers.     

深圳公立医院管理体制改革制度设计

深圳公立医院管理体制改革实行政事分开、管办分开,在理事会架构下按法定机构模式组建市医管中心,落实公立医院运营管理自主权.作者从当前公立医院管理体制的弊端入手,介绍了深圳市进行公立医院管理体制改革的基本思路及改革方案设计的主要举措,深入剖析了的改革方案的特点,并对改革效果进行了预测.     

Effects of nitrogen dioxide on red blood cells of rats: Changes in components of red cell membranes during in vivo exposure to NO2

Red cell membranes, prepared from red blood cells of rats exposed to 4, 10, or 20 ppm nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) for 1 to 10 days, were examined for evidence of changes in membrane components. Appreciable changes were not found in contents of phospholipid and cholesterol during exposure to 10 ppm NO₂. By contrast, protein content altered with the time of exposure. Moreover, changes in protein composition were observed by employing sodium dodecyl sulfate — polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Twenty-four-hour exposure to NO₂ at the concentration above 10 ppm resulted in a marked increase in the percentage of lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LysoPE) to the total phospholipids. The prolonged exposure to 10 ppm NO₂ gave rise to a further increase in LysoPE, whereas the percentage of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) showed a gradual decrease. A 1-day exposure to 4.0 ppm NO₂ also caused an increase in sialic acid content and decreases in those of PE and hexose. In addition to contents of these components the percentage of LysoPE increased 5 days after exposure and the elevated values were maintained up to the end of exposure period. These results demonstrate that red blood cells in circulation exhibit different membrane properties in terms of lipid and carbohydrate composition during 10 days of exposure to 4.0 ppm NO₂.     

Investigating clusters in the workplace and beyond

Clusters of disease are common and occur in the workplace and in the general community. They often arouse considerable concern among the population. Investigations have sometimes lead to exciting new knowledge, but in general the investigation of clusters is difficult and often unrewarding, especially for community clusters. In the workplace, investigations are more likely to find associations and even new causes, but still many clusters remain enigmatic. Despite this, there are many reasons for investigating clusters, including allaying community concern and identifying uncontrolled exposures. A structure for investigating clusters in the workplace is suggested.