乳腺浸润性导管癌中PS2的表达及其与ER、PR的关系研究

目的探讨乳腺浸润性导管癌中雌激素调节蛋白(PS2)的表达及其与雌激素受体(ER)、孕激素受体(PR)的关系。方法收集新疆医科大学附属肿瘤医院2008-2009年经病理确诊并行外科手术治疗的70例乳腺浸润性导管癌组织石蜡标本,采用免疫组化法检测PS2、ER、PR表达,分析PS2与ER、PR表达及临床病理因素的相关关系。结果 PS2、ER、PR阳性表达率分别为37.14%(26/70)、40.00%(28/70)、42.86%(30/70)。PS2在ER阳性和阴性病例中的阳性表达率分别为60.71%(17/28)和21.43%(9/42),两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。PS2在PR阳性和阴性病例中的阳性表达率分别为66.67%(20/30)和15.00%(6/40),两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。患者年龄、月经状态与PS2蛋白表达无明显关系(P>0.05),PS2表达与ER呈正相关(γs=0.35,P=0.014),PS2表达与PR呈正相关(γs=0.475,P=0.000),PS2表达与患者组织分级及淋巴结转移有关(P<0.05)。结论 PS2表达与ER、PR及淋巴结转移状况与组织分级临床因素有关。ER、PR、PS2综合检测对判定乳腺内分泌治疗效果及预后具有重要意义。     

PS2蛋白在乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中的表达及意义

目的探讨PS2蛋白在乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中的表达及与其临床病理因素的关系,评估其作为乳腺浸润性导管癌预后判断和内分泌治疗指标的价值。方法应用免疫组织化学S-P法检测PS2、雌激素受体(ER)、孕激素受体(PR)在57例乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中的表达,分析PS2阳性表达与乳腺癌常用的临床病理因素的关系。结果 PS2阳性表达率为42.10%(24/57),PS2阳性表达与ER、PR相关,但并不完全一致,与患者年龄、月经状况、肿瘤大小、组织学分级、腋窝淋巴结状况无关。结论 PS2阳性表达可能是乳腺浸润性导管癌内分泌治疗的合理指标,但只能是作为对ER、PR不足的补充,并不能取代ER、PR,也不能作为预测乳腺浸润性导管癌患者预后的一个独立指标。     

新疆维吾尔族乳腺癌组织中CerbB-2的表达及意义

目的 探讨新疆维吾尔族乳腺癌患者组织中CerbB-2的表达及与ER、PR表达的关系及临床意义.方法 采用免疫组化对笔者所在医院100例维族乳腺癌组织进行CerbB-2及ER(雌激素受体)、PR(孕激素受体)测定,分析它们之间的表达及其临床意义.结果 CerbB-2阳性表达者占34%,ER、PR阳性率分别为52%、50%,CerbB-2阳性率在ER阳性组为19.2%,在ER阴性组为50%(P=0.0012,r=-0.325),CerbB-2阳性率在PR阳性组为16%,在PR阴性组为52%(P=0.0001,r=-0.38);CerbB-2阳性表达与肿瘤大小呈正相关(P<0.05),与临床分期呈正相关(P<0.01),与雌激素、孕激素受体呈负相关(P<0.01),与年龄、淋巴结转移无关.结论 维吾尔族乳腺癌组织CerbB-2的表达与肿瘤大小及临床病理分级呈正相关,是预后较差的指标,CerbB-2的表达与ER、PR阳性表达呈负相关,CerbB-2是判断维吾尔族乳腺癌预后的有效指标,联合检测CerbB-2、ER和PR 可以指导临床综合治疗,评判预后.     

ER、PR、HER-2在绝经后乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中的表达及临床病理相关性的研究

目的　探讨雌激素受体(ER)、孕激素受体 (PR)及人表皮生长因子受体 2 (HER 2)在绝经后女性乳腺浸润性导管癌中的表达、临床病理相关性及意义。方法　应用免疫组织化学染色方法,检测 57例绝经后女性乳腺浸润性导管癌组织中ER、PR、HER 2定位和蛋白表达,比较它们相互之间及与腋窝淋巴结转移、肿瘤大小、临床分期、组织学分级关系。结果　ER、PR定位于细胞核, HER 2定位于细胞膜,其阳性表达率分别为 49 1%、45 6%及 50 9%。ER表达与组织学分级呈负相关(rs=-0 271,P<0 05),与PR呈正相关(rs=0 748,P<0 01),与HER 2呈负相关 (rs=-0 347,P<0 01 );HER 2不仅与ER呈负相关 (rs= - 0 347,P<0 01),且与肿瘤大小呈正相关 (rs=0 269,P<0 05 )。ER、PR、HER 2与腋窝淋巴结转移及临床分期无相关性。结论　联合检测ER、PR、HER 2在乳腺癌中的表达对于术后指导治疗的选择具有一定的临床价值。但在绝经后,ER、PR、HER 2作为乳腺浸润性导管癌独立的预后指标用以判断预后的意义有所降低。     

乳腺癌中C-erbB2癌基因与雌、孕激素受体和PS2的关系及其预后意义

目的　探讨 C- erb B2癌基因在乳腺癌中的表达及其与雌激素受体 (ER)、孕激素受体 (PR)及 PS2的关系和预后意义。方法　采用链亲和素法检测 2 4 5例乳腺癌中 C- erb B2的表达。结果　约 6 0 %的乳腺癌有 C- erb B2癌基因表达 ,C- erb B2表达阳性率在 ER、PR及 PS2阳性组分别为 4 5 .19% ,4 8.0 8% ,2 3.2 6 % ,在 ER、PR及 PS2阴性组分别为 71.5 5 % ,70 .4 3% ,5 0 .75 % ,C- erb B2癌基因表达与 ER、PR及 PS2均分别呈负相关 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,其表达与患者年龄、肿瘤大小无关 (P>0 .0 5 ) ,与乳腺癌临床分期晚、组织学分级高、腋淋巴结转移有关 (P<0 .0 5 )。结论检测 C- erb B2癌基因在乳腺癌中的表达有助于乳腺癌预后的判断及治疗方案的制定。     

乳腺癌雌激素受体表达和临床病理因素的关系

目的:探讨雌激素受体β亚型(Estrogen Receptor,ERβ)在乳腺癌组织中的表达与雌激素受体ɑ亚型(ERɑ)、孕激素受体(PR)表达和临床病理因素的关系.方法:采用免疫组化显色系统二步法(EnVision系统)测定75例原发性乳腺癌组织中ERβ与ERα、PR的表达,并对临床诊断相关指标进行对比分析.结果:ERβ阳性表达率为53.33%(40/75),共同表达46.66%(35/75),ERα和ERβ共同表达,二者无相关性(P>0.05),ERβ表达与组织学分级、腋淋巴结阳性差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与肿瘤大小、临床分期、和病理类型无相关性(P>0.05).结论:ERβ表达与乳腺癌高危患者密切相关,与乳腺癌的发生、发展及预后有关,可作为反映乳腺癌生物学行为的指标,不能通过ER、PR及ERα联合测定来代替ERβ的检测.     

雌激素受体和孕激素受体在乳腺原发与转移癌中的表达及临床意义

目的　探讨雌激素受体 (ER)、孕激素受体 (PR)与乳腺原发和转移癌的关系。方法　采用石蜡和冰冻切片 ,免疫组化染色对乳腺原发与转移癌组织中ER、PR的分布进行检测。结果　原发癌与转移癌ER阳性率有显著性差异 (p <0 .0 1) ,PR阳性率无显著性差异(p>0 .0 5 )。原发癌ER阳性表达在各年龄组明显高于转移癌 (p<0 .0 1) ,PR阳性表达在各年龄组无显著性差异 (p >0 .0 5 )。原发与转移癌之间ER和PR阳性表达在绝经后年龄段与绝经前年龄段之间无显著性意义 (p >0 .0 5 )。在各病理分型中 ,原发癌、转移癌ER、PR阳性表达无统计学差异 (p>0 .0 5 )。结论　ER、PR对乳腺原发与转移癌预后的评估是一个有用的指标。     

细胞周期素E(CyclinE)在乳腺癌组织中的表达及意义

目的:探讨细胞周期蛋白E(CyclinE)在乳腺癌组织中的表达及其与乳腺癌预后的关系。方法:用免疫组织化学的方法检测66例乳腺癌患者及15例乳腺良性肿瘤患者的病理组织切片标本上CyclinE、ER、PR、C-erbB-2(HER-2/neu)的表达,分析CyclinE的表达与患者临床资料、ER、PR、C-erbB-2(HER-2/neu)、中位生存期的关系。结果:CyclinE的表达情况:乳腺癌明显高于乳腺良性肿瘤(P<0.01),临床分期晚者高于临床分期早者(P<0.05),雌激素受体(ER)阳性者明显低于ER阴性者(P<0.01),孕激素受体(PR)阳性者与阴性者无明显差异(P>0.05),C-erbB-2(HER-2/neu)阳性者明显高于阴性者(P<0.01),乳腺癌患者中位生存期CyclinE过表达者明显低于阴性表达或弱表达者(P<0.01)。结论:CyclinE的表达水平与乳腺癌患者的预后存在密切的关系。     

性激素受体在人脑膜瘤中的表达

目的 :了解雌激素受体 (ER)、孕激素受体 (PR)、雄激素受体 (AR)在脑膜瘤中的表达情况以及在脑膜瘤中 3种受体表达间的相互关系。方法 :采用链霉菌抗生素蛋白 -过氧化酶 (SP)免疫组化法对 4 5例脑膜瘤石蜡切片进行 ER、PR和 AR的检测。采用χ2 检验、spearman等级相关分析法对 3种性激素受体间的相关关系 ,以及 3种受体在实验组与对照组中表达的差异性进行统计学分析。结果 :(1)脑膜瘤中存在性激素受体的表达。AR阳性率为 5 3.33% (2 4 / 4 5 ) ,ER为 2 4 .4 4 % (11/ 4 5 ) ,PR为 6 2 .2 2 % (2 8/ 4 5 )。 (2 ) AR与 PR间存在相关性 (r=0 .316 5 ,P<0 .0 5 ) ,AR与 ER、ER与 PR间无相关性 (P>0 .0 5 )。(3) 3种性激素受体在男女患者中的表达差异无显著性 (P均 >0 .0 5 )。结论 :(1) AR、PR在脑膜瘤中有较高的表达率 ,而 ER的表达率较低。 (2 ) AR、PR间存在相关性 ,PR的表达可能受雄激素系统调节。     

ER、PR、PS2在胃癌组织中的表达及临床意义

目的探讨ER、PR及PS2蛋白在胃癌组织中的表达及临床意义。方法用IHC(免疫组化)S-P法检测80例胃癌组织中ER、PR和PS2等3种指标的表达,分析这3种指标表达之间的相关性及与临床病理因素间的关系。结果胃癌组织中ER、PR及PS2阳性表达率分别为38.75%(31/80)、36.25%(29/80)、43.75%(35/80),ER与PR表达强度呈正相关(rs=0.966,P<0.01),而ER、PS2、PR与PS2表达强度呈负相关(rs=-0.357,P<0.01;rs=-0.329,P<0.01);ER、PR和PS2阳性表达在BorrmannⅠ、Ⅱ型与BorrmannⅢ、Ⅳ型之间存在显著性差异;各分组中的ER、PR阳性表达率在分化程度、淋巴结转移数目上存在显著性差异(P<0.05),而各分组中PS2阳性表达率在分化程度、淋巴结转移数目上无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论ER、PR的表达可能与胃癌发生、生长方式以及淋巴结转移等因素密切相关,PS2的表达可能与胃癌生长方式有关。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.