创伤性脑损伤后亚低温治疗对细胞间粘附分子-1表达的影响

目的 :探讨早期应用亚低温治疗对创伤性脑损伤后细胞间粘附分子 1(ICAM 1)表达的影响。方法 :采用Feeney自由落体改良模型 ,设定假颅脑外伤模型组、颅脑外伤模型组及亚低温组。取伤灶区脑组织检测髓过氧化物酶 (MPO)活性 ,作ICAM 1免疫组织化学染色 ,光境下计数ICAM 1阳性血管数 ,同时通过半定量逆转录 聚合酶链式反应 (RT PCR)检测ICAM 1基因mRNA的表达。结果 :亚低温组伤灶侧脑组织中ICAM 1阳性血管数及ICAM 1mRNA表达量均显著低于颅脑外伤模型组 (P <0 .0 1)。亚低温组MPO活性明显低于颅脑外伤模型组 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :早期应用亚低温治疗能明显减少伤灶区脑组织中ICAM 1的表达及中性粒细胞浸润 ,有助于改善创伤性脑损伤后炎症反应所引起的继发性脑损伤     

大鼠脑外伤后P-selectin表达的变化及意义

目的 探讨大鼠脑外伤后P-selectin的表达变化及其与脑水肿等继发性脑损伤的关系。方法 采用Feeney大鼠脑损伤动物模型,将60只Sprague-Dawley大鼠随机分为3组：A（标准对照组）,B（轻伤组）、C组（重伤组）,每组20只。分别于脑外伤后6h、24h、3d、7d随机各取标本5只,测量脑水肿程度以及P-selectin在脑组织的表达变化以及免疫阳性染色血管,并进行计算机图像分析系统和统计学分析。结果 外伤后6h P-selectin的表达及粒细胞在脑组织的浸润显著升高（P〈0．05）,于伤后24h达到高峰,然后逐渐降低。结论 脑外伤后P-selectin的表达及粒细胞在脑组织的浸润显著升高,其时程和空间分布与脑外伤后继发性损伤相吻合。提示P-selectin的表达增加可能参与了脑外伤后的继发性损伤。     

体外循环中性粒细胞ICAM-1表达、中性粒细胞-内皮细胞黏附率变化及谷胱甘肽的影响

目的 :观察体外循环 (CPB)手术中中性粒细胞(PMN)细胞间黏附分子 (ICAM 1 )的表达、PMN 培养内皮细胞(EC)黏附率变化及谷胱甘肽的影响 .方法 :随机抽取年龄 5～ 1 2岁先心病患儿 2 0例 ,配对分组为对照组 1 0例、干预组 1 0例 ,干预组CPB预充液中加入谷胱甘肽 30mg/kg .对照组于术前 2 4h、CPB开始 2 0min、复温前、CPB结束前、术后 4h、术后 2 4h ,干预组于术前 2 4h、术后 4h采血 ,分离PMN ,免疫组化检测ICAM 1表达 ,记数法测量PMN 培养EC黏附率 .结果 :PMNICAM 1表达与PMN 培养EC黏附率均增高 ,术后 4h干预组明显低于对照组 [P <0 .0 5 .ICAM 1表达 :干预组 (2 .5 2± 0 .96 )× 1 0 6,对照组 (4 .2 0± 0 .82 )× 1 0 6;PMN 培养EC黏附率 :干预组 (2 3.6 3± 2 .5 1 ) % ,对照组 (2 7.99± 2 .5 8) % ].结论 :CPB可引起PMNICAM 1表达、PMN 培养EC黏附率增高 ,谷胱甘肽可抑制PMNICAM 1表达 ,降低PMN EC黏附率 ,有助于减轻炎性反应 .     

光量子液疗对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤后炎症反应的影响

目的 :研究光量子液疗治疗脑缺血再灌注损伤的作用及机制。方法 :雄性SD大鼠 12 0只 ,随机分为假手术组、手术组、生理盐水治疗组和光量子液疗组 ,各组分别于缺血 1h再灌注 3h、6h、12h、2 4h、4 8h处死动物 ,断头取脑 ,采用ELISA检测大鼠脑组织匀浆中细胞间粘附分子 1(ICAM 1)、巨噬细胞炎性蛋白 1(MIP 1)的表达。结果 :手术组、生理盐水治疗组和光量子液疗组各时间点ICAM 1、MIP 1均高于假手术组 (P <0 .0 1)。光量子液疗组各时间点ICAM 1、MIP 1的表达显著低于手术组和生理盐水治疗组 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :减轻炎症细胞对缺血区脑组织的浸润 ,可能是光量子液疗脑保护的作用机制之一。     

烧伤休克大鼠外周血白细胞表面LFA-1及其配基表达的变化

目的　探讨烧伤性休克时白细胞表面LFA -1,ICAM -1的表达情况。方法　以烧伤休克大鼠为模型 ,用单克隆抗体间接免疫荧光标记法测定白细胞表面LFA -1,ICAM -1的表达。结果　烧伤后 2h白细胞表面LFA -1,I CAM -1表达无明显变化。在烫伤后 5h ,多形核粒细胞表面LFA -1,ICAM -1表达有下降趋势但无统计学意义 (P >0 0 5 ) ;而单核白细胞表面LFA -1表达量明显下降 (P <0 0 5 ) ,ICAM -1始终无变化。结论　烧伤后白细胞表面LFA -1与ICAM -1表达量随着休克进展而呈下降趋势 ,尤以LFA -1为明显 ,说明白细胞表面LFA -1表达量与休克不同时期相关联 ,而ICAM -1表达变化与LFA -1不同。     

急性重型颅脑损伤核因子-кB表达的临床研究

目的：研究急性重型脑外伤后核因子-кB的表达及其与脑水肿、GCS及GOS间的相互关系。方法：免疫组化检测64例急性脑外伤患者术中切除的挫伤脑组织中核因子-кB的表达,干湿重法测定脑组织含水量;并进行GCS和GOS评估。结果：不同受伤时间脑挫裂伤组织NF-кB表达水平明显高于对照组(P < 0.05),且随受伤时间的延长表达增强;NF-кB表达与脑组织含水量呈正相关(r=0.802, P<0.01)。特重型脑外伤组NF-кB达水平明显高于重型脑外伤组。重度致残组NF-кB水平明显高于轻度致残组(P < 0.05)。结论：急性重型颅脑损伤患者NF-КB表达水平明显升高,并参与脑水肿的形成,NF-кB的表达可能在脑外伤后继发性脑损伤的病理生理过程中起重要作用。NF-кB可作为脑外伤严重程度和预后的评估指标。 [关键词]颅脑损伤;核因子-кB;GCS;GOS     

大鼠脑挫裂伤后Fos蛋白表达及硫酸镁的作用

目的　通过鼠脑外伤模型 ,在脑的不同部位检测Fos蛋白表达。并在大鼠脑外伤后早期用MgSO4 治疗 ,通过对Fos蛋白的检测 ,探讨MgSO4 的作用机制 ,为今后脑外伤患者早期用MgSO4 治疗提供理论依据。方法　用Feeney脑挫裂伤模型 ,5 0g× 12cm的能量作用于鼠脑顶部皮质 ,造成脑挫裂伤。脑外伤后 30min、1h、2h、4h分别在尾壳核、海马、损伤周顶部皮质测定Fos蛋白。大鼠脑外伤后 10min股静脉注射MgSO4 ,在伤后 2h检测Fos蛋白表达。结果　 ( 1)外伤后 30min ,只有损伤周顶部皮质出现明显Fos蛋白表达 (P <0 .0 1)。脑外伤 1h、2h、4h伤侧尾壳核、损伤周顶部皮质、双侧海马皆出现Fos蛋白高表达 (P <0 .0 1)。Fos蛋白表达以 2h时最为明显。 ( 2 )MgSO4 治疗后以上 3个部位的Fos蛋白表达与生理盐水假治疗组相比有明显下调 (P <0 .0 1)。结论　脑外伤可诱发Fos蛋白表达 ,脑外伤后 10min ,MgSO4 治疗 ,能下调Fos蛋白表达。表明脑外伤后早期MgSO4 治疗 ,能明显减轻脑外伤后继发性脑损伤     

环孢素A对大鼠肝脏缺血再灌注损伤影响的实验研究

目的 :探讨环孢素A对肝脏缺血再灌注损伤的作用。方法 :雄性SD大鼠 2 4只 ,实验组 (A组 )术前 4d用环孢素A10mg/kg/d灌胃 ,对照组 (B组 )和假手术组 (C组 )则用生理盐水 5ml/kg/d灌胃 ,建立大鼠部分肝脏缺血再灌注模型。采用生化分析仪 ,肝组织切片HE染色 ,免疫组织化学分别测定血浆谷草转氨酶 (AST)、谷丙转氨酶 (ALT)、乳酸脱氢酶 (LDH)水平 ,肝脏病理改变。血管内皮细胞间粘附分子ICAM - 1的表达。结果 :与对照组比较 ,应用环孢素A的大鼠再灌注 10min后血浆中AST、ALT和LDH的浓度无明显差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,再灌注 60min后AST、ALT和LDH的浓度明显低于对照组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;组织病理损伤减轻 ;肝血窦内皮细胞间粘附分子ICAM - 1的表达减少。结论 :环孢素A可以减轻肝脏缺血再灌注损伤     

体外循环中抑肽酶对内皮细胞激活的影响

目的　观察体外循环 (CPB)时抑肽酶 (APR)对内皮细胞 (EC)激活影响。方法　 16例双瓣膜替换术病人 ,随机分为对照组 (n =8)和APR组 (n =8,3× 10 6kIU) ,分别于麻醉后CPB前、CPB 30min、开放后 30min、术后第 1和第 2天采取病人无菌血浆 ,分别刺激培养的人脐静脉内皮细胞 (HUVEC) ,测定HUVEC上细胞间黏附分子 1(ICAM 1)的表达及其与中性粒细胞 (PMN)黏附率。结果　CPB开始后不同时点血浆刺激HUVEC上ICAM 1的表达明显增高 ,其中APR组明显低于对照组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;CPB复跳后 30min的血浆刺激HUVEC后 ,与PMN的黏附率明显增加 ,而APR组明显低于对照组 (分别为 34.2 %和 5 8.7% ,P <0 .0 5 )。结论　APR可明显抑制EC的激活 ,这可能是其抗炎作用的机制之一     

三七总皂苷对心肌缺血再灌注损伤保护作用的分子机制

目的 :研究心肌缺血再灌注时心肌组织细胞间粘附分子 1(ICAM 1)表达、中性粒细胞浸润与核因子 κB(NF κB)活性变化的关系及三七总皂苷的心肌保护作用。方法 :新西兰兔 15 2只分为 :①缺血再灌注组 (IR组 ) :结扎兔左冠状动脉前降支造成心肌缺血 4 5min后再开放 ;②三七总皂苷 (PNS)预处理组 (IR +PNS组 ) :在心肌缺血前 10min静脉注射PNS(10 0mg/kg) ;③假手术对照组 (Sham组 )。每组又分缺血前 (0 ) ,再灌注后 30 ,6 0 ,90 ,12 0 ,2 4 0 ,36 0min时相点。用免疫印迹法 (Westernblot)检测心肌组织ICAM 1的表达 ,凝胶电泳迁移率分析检测心肌组织NF κB的活性 ,髓过氧化酶法 (MPO)定量测定心肌组织中浸润的中性粒细胞。结果 :与缺血前比较 ,在缺血再灌注组中心肌再灌注 30min后NF κB活性开始增高 ,12 0min后达到高峰 ,之后活性有所下降 ,但仍明显高于缺血前 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;心肌ICAM 1的表达在心肌再灌注 12 0min后开始增高(P <0 .0 5 ) ,并与中性粒细胞浸润升高有相关性 (r =0 .94 3,P <0 .0 5 ) ;在三七总皂苷预处理组 ,PNS能抑制NF κB的活化及中性粒细胞浸润 ,与IR组比较差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :心肌缺血再灌注能刺激心肌NF κB的活化 ,活化的NF κB启动ICAM 1的表达而参与缺血再灌注损     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.