防风多糖的抗氧化活性研究

目的研究防风多糖的抗氧化活性.方法采用水提醇沉法提取防风多糖,利用CTAB沉淀法对防风多糖进行分离,得到酸性防风多糖(A-SPS)和中性防风多糖(N-SPS).在体外化学模拟条件下,研究不同防风多糖的总还原能力以及对超氧阴离子(O-2 ·)、羟基自由基(·OH)、1,1-二苯基-2苦苯肼自由基(DPPH·)的清除作用和对Fe2-诱导的脂质过氧化反应的抑制作用.结果防风多糖具有一定的清除自由基、抑制脂质过氧化的能力,其中对·OH和DPPH·具有较强的清除作用.在几种防风多糖中,以A-SPS的效果较好,当实验浓度为8 mg/ml时,对·OH和DPPH·的清除率均接近于70%.结论A-SPS具有较强的抗氧化作用,可能是防风多糖的主要活性组分,可作为潜在天然抗氧化剂应用于食品和医药工业中.     

Antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of Orthosiphon stamineus Benth. standardized extract

Orthosiphon stamineus (OS), Benth. (Lamiaceae) is widely used in Malaysia for treatments of various kidney and liver ailments. In the experiment, DPPH* radicals scavenging, Fe(3+)-induced lipid peroxidation inhibiting activities and trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) of methanol/water extract of Orthosiphon stamineus (SEOS) were determined. The results indicated that SEOS exhibited antioxidant, lipid peroxidation inhibition and free radical scavenging activities. The hepatoprotective activity of the SEOS was studied using CCl(4)-induced liver toxicity in rats. The activity was assessed by monitoring liver function tests through the measurement of alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST). Furthermore, hepatic tissues were also subjected to histopathological studies. Pretreatment of SEOS (125, 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg p.o.) dose-dependently reduced the necrotic changes in rat liver and inhibited the increase of serum ALT and AST activities. The results of the present study indicated that the hepatoprotective effect of Orthosiphon stamineus might be ascribable to its antioxidant and free radical scavenging property.     

葡萄籽原花青素舒张家兔离体主动脉的研究

目的研究葡萄籽原花青素(PC)对主动脉环的舒张作用及机制。方法采用家兔离体主动脉平滑肌标本,以去甲肾上腺素(NA)预收缩主动脉后给予不同剂量PC观察其张力变化,并探讨去除血管内皮、给予NO合酶抑制剂左旋硝基精氨酸(L-NNA)、甲烯蓝(M B)、环氧酶抑制剂吲哚美辛(Indo)和β肾上腺素能受体阻断剂普萘洛尔(P rop)对血管张力变化的影响。结果PC对动脉环静息张力无明显影响,但不同剂量PC可使1×10-6m o l/L NA预收缩的血管出现明显地舒张(r=0.63,P<0.001)。去除血管内皮、1×1-0 4m o l/L L-NNA或1×10-5m o l/L M B可减弱PC的舒张作用,但Indo和P rop无影响。另外,40μg/mL PC对无内皮血管环NA和KC l的量效收缩反应明显减弱,且NA和KC l的PD2分别由对照组的7.05±2.19和1.57±1.37降低为6.04±1.77和1.01±0.93。结论PC对主动脉的舒张作用是通过平滑肌细胞膜上的受体依赖性C a2 通道和电压依赖性C a2 通道抑制C a2 内流,使动脉环舒张,其作用与内皮释放的NO有关。     

青藤碱清除氧自由基和抗脂质过氧化作用

目的研究青藤碱体外清除氧自由基与抗脂质过氧化的作用。方法超氧阴离子自由基(O2÷)由邻苯三酚自氧化法产生,采用F en ton体系产生羟自由基(.OH),研究青藤碱对O2÷和.OH的清除作用;用硫代巴比妥酸(TBA)法测定VC-F e2 系统诱导大鼠肝匀浆及肝线粒体产生的脂质过氧化物丙二醛(M DA),研究青藤碱抗脂质过氧化的作用。结果青藤碱能清除.OH和O2÷,其EC50分别为1.35和0.136 m g/mL,且呈浓度依赖关系,青藤碱能抑制大鼠肝匀浆自氧化及VC-F e2 系统诱导引起的脂质过氧化。结论青藤碱具有清除氧自由基和抗脂质过氧化的作用,对肝线粒体也有保护作用。     

雪灵芝提取物清除羟自由基和抑制脂质过氧化作用

目的研究雪灵芝提取物清除羟自由基(·OH)和抑制脂质过氧化作用。方法采用组织匀浆MDA比色法测定不同浓度的雪灵芝提取物对小鼠肝脏自发性脂质过氧化的作用。利用Fenton反应产生·OH,研究雪灵芝提取物对·OH的清除作用,计算半数抑制率(IC50)。结果雪灵芝提取物对小鼠肝组织自发性MDA的抑制率醇提物水提物;·OH的IC50为醇提物水提物。结论雪灵芝提取物有较强的体外抗氧化活性,且活性与浓度呈明显的量效关系。     

决明子抗氧化作用的研究

目的研究决明子提取物的抗氧化作用。方法以光照核黄素体系产生超氧阳离子(O2-),测定决明子提取物对O2-的清除能力;以3种自由基生成体系诱导的红细胞膜脂质过氧化为模型,测定决明子提取物对脂质过氧化的抑制作用。结果决明子提取物显示了强的清除O2-能力,对黄嘌呤-黄嘌呤氧化酶系统、过氧化氢(H2O2)及紫外线照射3种方法引起的细胞膜脂质过氧化均有抑制作用,其作用呈剂量依赖性。结论决明子提取物有较好的抗氧化作用。     

Effects of Rhus coriaria L (Anacardiaceae) on lipid peroxidation and free radical scavenging activity

In order to evaluate the antioxidant potential of Rhus coriaria L. (Anacardiaceae), a well-known spice, the methanolic extract (water-soluble part) was prepared and investigated using free radical-generating systems in vitro. The IC(50) value of the extract for lipid peroxidation was estimated as 1200 microg/mL in the Fe(+2)-ascorbate system while those for superoxide-scavenging activity in the xanthine-xanthine oxidase method and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity in the deoxyribose decomposition method were 282.92 microg/mL and 3850 microg/mL, respectively. These data suggest that the methanolic extracts of Rhus coriaria L. fruits have considerable antioxidant activity against free radicals and lipid peroxidation in vitro, a fact that may encourage in vivo studies.     

A study on antioxidant, free radical scavenging, anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective actions of Aegiceras corniculatum (stem) extracts

AIM OF THE STUDY: The present study was conducted to evaluate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective potential of Aegiceras corniculatum Linn. Blanco (Aegicerataceae). METHODS AND RESULTS: The n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts, derived from Aegiceras corniculatum stems, scavenged superoxide anions (O2*) and hydroxyl radicals (*OH) in nitro blue tetrazolium reduction and deoxyribose degradation assays, respectively. All the extracts inhibited the process of lipid peroxidation at its initiation step. Additionally, in rat liver microsomes n-hexane and ethyl acetate extracts also caused termination of radical chain reaction supporting their scavenging action towards lipid peroxy radicals (LOO*). Moreover, increased production of O2* in human neutrophils, stimulated by phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) and/or opsonized zymosan were also suppressed (IC50 approximately 3-20 microg/mL). Thereby, revealing the ability of plant extracts to antagonize the oxidative stress via interference with NADPH oxidase metabolic pathway. These in vitro results coincide with the reduction in the glucose oxidase-induced paw edema in mice in the presence of ethyl acetate and methanol extracts (10, 50, and 100mg/kg, i.p.). Plant extracts (250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg, p.o.) also significantly protected the carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced oxidative tissue injury in rat liver. This was reflected by a approximately 60% decline in the levels of serum aminotransferase enzymes. CONCLUSION: Aegiceras corniculatum extracts found to possess pronounced antioxidant effect that may be at least in part related to its anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective activities. This study provides a scientific basis for the ethnomedical claims that Aegiceras corniculatum is effective against inflammation and liver injury.     

Effect of the alcohol extract of the seeds of Mucuna pruriens on free radicals and oxidative stress in albino rats

In vitro and in vivo studies were made with an alcohol extract of the seeds of Mucuna pruriens (Fabaceae) to investigate its antioxidant property. In vitro studies were carried out in rat liver homogenate to investigate the chemical interaction of various phytochemicals with different species of free radicals. The effect was also checked on iron-induced lipid peroxidation, oxidation of GSH content, and its interaction with hydroxyl and superoxide radicals. There was no change on the rate of aerial oxidation of GSH content but it significantly inhibited FeSO(4) induced lipid peroxidation. It also inhibited the specific chemical reactions induced by superoxides and hydroxyl radicals. The removal of these species was through direct chemical interaction. An in vivo study on albino rats for 30 days showed no toxic effect up to a dose of 600 mg/kg body weight, on oral administration. There was no change in the level of TBA-reactive substances, reduced glutathione content and SOD activity in the liver. The activity of serum GOT, GPT and alkaline phosphatase was also unchanged. Thus it could be concluded that the alcohol extract of the seeds of M. pruriens has an antilipid peroxidation property, which is mediated through the removal of superoxides and hydroxyl radicals.     

杨梅核提取物的体外抗氧化活性研究

目的:考察杨梅核不同溶剂提取物的体外抗氧化活性。方法:采用分光光度法,测定杨梅核不同溶剂提取物对DPPH、脂质过氧化的清除能力和总还原力,考察了杨梅核提取物体外抗氧化活性。结果:杨梅核不同溶剂提取物具有较强的DPPH、脂质过氧化的清除能力和总还原力,其中杨梅核无水乙醇提取物的体外抗氧化作用最强。结论:杨梅核提取物具有显著的抗氧化活性。     

中药复方柴胡疏肝散体内外抗氧化活性及其与抗抑郁作用的 潜在关系

目的：研究中药复方柴胡疏肝散（CSGS）的体内外抗氧化活性, 探讨其抗氧化活性与抗抑郁作用之间的联系, 助以阐释CGGS抗抑郁的作用机制。方法：采用总抗氧化能力测定（FRAP法）, DPPH （1 ,1-二苯基-2-苦基苯肼） 自由基（DPPH法）、ABTS[ 2 ,2-连氮（3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸）二铵盐]阳离子自由基（ABTS法）、超氧阴离子（O2·^-）及羟自由基（·OH）清除能力测定5 种方法, 以维生素C为阳性对照, 研究CSGS体外抗氧化活性。建立束缚氧化应激模型, 通过测定全血中谷胱甘肽（GSH）含量, 肝组织中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、丙二醛（MAD）含量研究CSGS体内抗氧化作用。结果：CSGS体外具有一定的铁离子还原能力和自由基清除能力, 其还原能力（FRAP法）每克CSGS提取物相当于 0.24 mmol FeSO4, 清除DPPH自由基、ABTS阳离子自由基、O2·^-及 ·OH的IC50分别为 0.83, 1.03, 10.31 和 7.79 mg·mL^-1。体内抗氧化活性研究显示, 在束缚应激状态下, CSGS给药组小鼠与模型组小鼠比较具有相对高的SOD和CAT活性及GSH含量, 相对较低的MDA水平。结论：复方柴胡疏肝散具有抑制脂质过氧化、缓解氧化应激损伤、调控机体抗氧化水平的药理作用, 其抗抑郁作用可能与其抗氧化活性有一定相关。     

眼镜蛇毒组份在动物体内外的抗氧化作用研究

目的:以大鼠组织匀浆及红细胞为材料,研究中华眼镜蛇毒组份F和H的抗脂质过氧化作用;探讨组份F/H对小鼠体内抗氧化酶活性的影响.方法:以MDA为指标,观察组份F/H对组织匀浆体外脂质过氧化及红细胞自氧化溶血体系脂质过氧化产物MDA生成量的影响;观察组份F/H对邻苯三酚自氧化产生的O-·2及Cu2 -VitC自由基产生系统产生的·OH的清除作用;连续15天腹腔注射组份F/H,测定小鼠体内SOD、CAT的活性.结果:组份F/H均能抑制红细胞自氧化,显著减少红细胞自氧化过程中MDA的含量;组份F/H均可抑制正常大鼠心、肝、脑组织匀浆体外过氧化脂质生成,并能对抗Fe2 -Cys激发的过氧化脂质生成增加;组份F/H均能清除超氧阴离子(O-·2)和羟自由基(·OH),组份H的作用更强;组份F/H均能不同程度地增加小鼠体内多种抗氧化酶的含量.结论:组份F和H具有一定的抗氧化作用,能直接清除活性氧自由基,提高SOD的活性.     

Effect of celery (Apium graveolens) extracts on some biochemical parameters of oxidative stress in mice treated with carbon tetrachloride

Extracts of celery leaves and roots in ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water were evaporated to dryness and dissolved in 50% ethanol to make 10% (w[sol ]v) solutions. The potential protective action of the extracts was assessed by the corresponding in vitro and in vivo tests. In the in vitro experiments crude methanol extracts were tested as potential scavengers of free OH* and DPPH* radicals, as well as inhibitors of liposomal peroxidation (LPx). Analogous experiments were also carried out with the extracts of celery root, for comparison. The results obtained show that both the extracts of root and leaves are good scavengers of OH* and DPPH* radicals and reduce LPx intensity in liposomes, which points to their protective (antioxidant) activity. In vivo experiments were concerned with antioxidant systems (activities of GSHPx, GSHR, Px, CAT, XOD, GSH content and intensity of LPx) in liver homogenate and blood of mice after their treatment with extracts of celery leaves, or in combination with CCl4. On the basis of the results obtained it can be concluded that the examined extracts showed a certain protective effect. Of all the extracts the n-butanol extract showed the highest protective effect. Combined treatments with CCl4 and extracts showed both positive and negative synergism - inducing or suppressing the impact of CCl4 alone. The differences observed in the action of particular extracts are probably due to the different contents of flavonoids and some other antioxidant compounds.     

长松萝多糖清除氧自由基和抗脂质过氧化反应的研究

目的:对长松萝多糖(PUS)清除氧自由基、抗脂质过氧化作用进行研究。方法:采用黄嘌呤-黄嘌呤氧化酶体系测定PUS对超氧阴离子自由基的清除作用,采用Fenton反应体系测定PUS对羟自由基的清除作用及其对羟自由基诱发的小鼠肝匀浆脂质过氧化反应的影响。结果:长松萝多糖对超氧阴离子自由基及羟自由基均有清除作用,其百分之五十抑制浓度IC_(50)分别为0.45 mg/ml和1.57 mg/ml,但对羟自由基诱发的小鼠肝匀浆脂质过氧化反应的抑制作用较弱。结论:PUS对氧自由基有明显的清除作用,但在Fenton反应体系中抗脂质过氧化作用较弱。     

Effect of parsley (Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Nym. ex A.W. Hill, Apiaceae) extracts on some biochemical parameters of oxidative stress in mice treated with CCl(4)

The in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activity of different extracts of leaves and root of parsley (Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Nym. ex A.W. Hill, Apiaceae) were studied. Free radical scavenging capacity (RSC) was evaluated measuring the scavenging activity on the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil (DPPH) and OH radicals. Also, the effects on lipid peroxidation (LP) were evaluated. The results obtained showed that all examined extracts act as good scavengers of DPPH and OH radicals and reduce the intensity of LP. The in vivo effects were evaluated on some antioxidant systems (activities of LPx, GSH-Px, Px, CAT and XOD, and GSH content) in the mice liver and blood after treatment with the examined parsley extracts, or in combination with carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)). On the basis of the results obtained it can be concluded that the examined extracts exhibited a certain protective effect. However, combined treatments with CCl(4) and the examined extracts showed both positive and negative synergism, inducing or suppressing the influence of CCl(4) alone.     

In Vitro effect of D-004, a lipid extract of the ground fruits of the Cuban royal palm (Roystonea regia), on rat microsomal lipid peroxidation

D-004 is a lipid extract of the fruits of the Cuban royal palm (Roystonea regia) containing a mixture of saturated fatty acids. D-004 inhibits prostate hyperplasia (PH) induced with testosterone, in rodents. Since fatty acids inhibit lipid peroxidation (LP), this study investigated whether D-004 prevents in vitro LP. D-004 (0.9-1000 microg/mL) markedly and dose-dependently inhibited in vitro iron-induced LP in native brain and liver microsomes. D-004 showed hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, which could explain partially its antioxidant effect on microsomal iron-induced LP, but it was unable to scavenge superoxide and ABTS radicals, indicating a limited radical scavenging activity. Also, D-004 inhibited CCl4-mediated LP in active liver microsomes through a decreased generation of radical species rather than a radical trapping action on CCl(4)-derived radical species. D-004 also inhibited lipooxygenase (LOX) and cyclooxygenase (COX) activities, and the generation of protein-associated carbonyl groups after LP. Since increased oxidative stress has been linked to PH, the antioxidant effect of D-004 shown here could contribute to explaining its beneficial effects on T-induced PH in rodents. Nevertheless, this study shows only in vitro results. Further studies should investigate whether D-004 also exhibits antioxidant effects in vivo.     

三七花总皂苷清除活性氧自由基及抗脂质过氧化作用研究谢云峰谢集照龙盛京邱莉李映新张莹

目的：探讨三七花总皂苷清除活性氧自由基及对抗脂质过氧化作用的影响。方法从三七花盘中提取三七花总皂苷,D-101大孔吸附树脂分离纯化皂苷;采用分光光度法测定其对羟基自由基、DPPH 自由基的作用。用硫代巴比妥分光光度法观察三七花总皂苷对 Fe2＋半胱氨酸诱发肝脂质过氧化作用的影响。结果三七花总皂苷对羟自由基、1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼（DPPH）自由基的半数清除率（IC50值）分别为0.035 mg/ml、0.094 mg/ml;对Fe2＋半胱氨酸诱发肝脂质过氧化的最大抑制率为89.31%,具有较强的抑制作用。结论三七花总皂苷具有清除活性氧自由基及抗脂质过氧化作用。     

有机锗Ge-132对氧自由基和由羟自由基诱导的脂质过氧化的影响

 有机锗Ge-132对邻苯二酚自氧化过程中产生的超氧阴离子自由基具有清除作用,但比抗坏血酸弱;Ge-132对由Fenton反应产生的羟自由基具有清除作用,对羟自由基诱导的大鼠肝匀浆脂质过氧化具有抑制作用?在清除羟自由基抗脂质过氧化方面,Ge-132的作用强于甘露醇?     

黄柏炮制品清除氧自由基和抗脂质过氧化作用

目的 :研究炮制对黄柏抗氧化作用的影响。方法 :采用体外氧自由基生成系统和羟自由基诱导的小鼠肝匀浆脂质过氧化反应方法 ,评价炮制对黄柏抗氧化作用的影响。结果 :黄柏生品、清炒品、盐炙品和酒炙品水提取物和醇提取物可清除次黄嘌呤 黄嘌呤氧化酶系统产生超氧阴离子 (O₂·)和Fenton反应生成的羟自由基(·OH) ,并能抑制羟自由基诱导的小鼠肝匀浆上清液脂质过氧化作用 ,它们之间抗氧化作用存在一定的差异性。炒炭品则无抗氧化作用。结论 :酒炙炮制品醇提取物抗氧化作用较好。     

Antioxidant availability of turmeric in relation to its medicinal and culinary uses

Turmeric (Curcuma longa) has been used in Indian cooking, and in herbal remedies. Its possible mechanism of action was examined in terms of antioxidant availability during actual cooking conditions and in therapeutic applications using standardized extracts. The assays involve different levels of antioxidant action such as oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), radical scavenging abilities using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azobis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and protection of membranes examined by inhibition of lipid peroxidation besides the content of phenols and total flavonoids. The aqueous and ethanol extracts of two major preparations of turmeric, corresponding to its use in cooking and medicine, showed significant antioxidant abilities. In conclusion, the studies reveal that the ability of turmeric to scavenge radicals, reduce iron complex and inhibit peroxidation may explain the possible mechanisms by which turmeric exhibits its beneficial effects in relation to its use in cooking and medicine.