腹腔镜巨脾切除术

目的:探讨腹腔镜巨脾切除术的手术方法、安全性及有效性。方法:回顾分析1996年4月至2009年3月我院为72例巨脾患者行腹腔镜脾切除术的临床资料,其中38例同时行门奇静脉断流术。结果:本组70例手术均获成功,手术时间1.8～5.5h,出血60～400ml,2例中转开腹(2.7%)。2例术后腹腔出血,其中1例再次行腹腔镜探查创面止血,1例做小切口开腹止血;3例发生膈肌破裂,1例结肠脾曲破裂,4例术后发热(>38℃),1例切口血肿。术后1～5d肛门恢复排气,术后住院7～15d,平均10.5d。结论:腹腔镜巨脾切除术安全、有效,适用于脾功能亢进和巨脾患者。     

预结扎脾动脉腹腔镜巨脾切除术12例分析

目的:探讨预结扎脾动脉腹腔镜巨脾切除术的方法和疗效。方法:为12例巨脾伴脾功能亢进患者行腹腔镜脾切除术。术中预结扎脾动脉,超声刀解剖脾周韧带,Endo-GIA离断脾蒂。结果:12例患者均顺利完成手术,无中转开腹及并发症发生。术后血小板、白细胞均明显上升。结论:随着超声刀、Endo-GIA等先进器械的应用,预结扎脾动脉腹腔镜巨脾切除术已成为治疗巨脾、脾功能亢进的有效术式。     

腹腔镜脾切除术100例

目的 总结8年多来行腹腔镜脾切除术（LS）的临床经验，探讨LS的安全性和有效性。方法 从1996年4月至2004年11月连续进行了100例15，94例为原发性和继发性脾功能亢进，6例为其它脾疾病，其中34例为巨脾。结果 100例15全部完成，1例术后5h需作小切口开腹止血，2例术后需再次腹腔镜探查和清除脾窝积血。平均手术时间2．3h，平均失血160ml。平均术后住院6d。结论 15安全、有效、切实可行，适用于有脾切除指征的原发性和继发性脾功能亢进或其它脾疾病。     

腹腔镜脾切除术

1991年法国Delaitre首先报道了腹腔镜脾切除术(LS),此外美国Tul man、Carroll和日本Hashizume也被认为是开展LS的先驱。随后英国Akle、加拿大Poulin和德国Zoring也开展了LS。1992年苏格兰Cushieri描述了LS的技术要点,加拿大Poulin则阐述了LS的解剖学基础。很快LS被证明是切实可行的,并具有恢复快、住院时间短和并发症少的优点[1]。一、手术适应证应用脾切除治疗某些血液病已有一个世纪的历史,其中血小板减少性紫癜(ITP)占绝大多数。同样自从1991年开始报道LS以来,LS也主要用于ITP等血液疾病[2]。早期LS主要限于脾体积正常至中…     

腹腔镜脾切除术十年经验总结

目的 总结10年来行腹腔镜脾切除术(LS)的临床经验,探讨LS的安全性和有效性.方法 从1996年4月至2006年3月连续进行了135例LS,119例为原发性和继发性脾功能亢进,16例为其他脾疾病,其中48例为巨脾.结果 135例LS中因出血转行开腹脾切除术3例(2.2%),1例术后5 h需作小切口开腹止血,3例术后8～18 h需再次腹腔镜探查和清除脾窝积血.平均手术时间2.3 h,平均失血160 ml,平均术后住院6.5 d.结论 LS安全、有效、切实可行,适用于有脾切除指征的原发性和继发性脾功能亢进或其他脾疾病.     

腹腔镜巨脾切除术9例报告

随着外科观念的改变和腹腔镜技术的成熟与完善,腹腔镜脾脏切除术已逐渐成为外科常规治疗术式。因门脉高压症巨脾、脾功能亢进造成全血减少,脾周围血管增粗、扭曲、数量增多,同时巨脾造成了手术视野狭窄,手术风险明显增加,在腹腔镜下手术操作较困难。因此,常被视为腹腔镜脾切除术相对禁忌证。我院2009年3月～2010年7月成功开展完全腹腔镜巨脾切除术9例,现报道如下。     

腹腔镜巨脾切除术对患者术后免疫功能的影响

目的 观察腹腔镜巨脾切除术对患者免疫功能的影响.方法 将26例巨脾、脾功能亢进患者随机分为腹腔镜巨脾切除组(LS)12例和开腹脾切除组(OS)14例,比较两组病例术前、术后1、7 d外周血淋巴细胞亚群及免疫球蛋白变化.结果 腹腔镜组术后1、7 d的成熟T淋巴细胞(CD3)、辅助T淋巴细胞(CD4)、CD4与抑制淋巴细胞(CD8)的比值及免疫球蛋白IgG、IgA、IgM与术前比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).开腹组术后1、7 d的CD3、CD4、CD4/CD8及IgG与术前比较明显下降(P<0.05).结论 腹腔镜巨脾切除术较开放脾切除术对患者免疫抑制程度轻.     

腹腔镜脾切除术在肝硬化门静脉高压症合并脾功能亢进中的应用

自1991年Delaitre首先报道腹腔镜脾切除术(LS)以来，该手术已在很多医院的内镜中心得以开展，较多地应用于治疗原发性血小板减少性紫癜(ITP)、遗传性球形红细胞增多症(HSC)等血液病，对肝硬化门静脉高压症合并脾功能亢进的病人施行LS的报道相对较少。作者对6例肝硬化门静脉高压合并脾功能亢进的病人施行LS，获得成功，现总结如下。     

脾动脉灌注在巨脾切除术中的应用

我科自1998年6月至2002年6月4年期间对9例巨脾患者行脾切除术，术中采用脾动脉灌注的方法，促进脾血回输，效果满意。本组9例，男5例，女4例。年龄13～54岁，平均42岁。合并原发性脾功能亢进6例。乙肝肝硬变，门脉高压和继发性脾功能亢进3例。本组巨脾的标准系指平卧位后深吸气时脾下缘达脐水平下。均采用气管插管全麻，取     

腹腔镜下巨脾切除术24例分析

目的探讨腹腔镜巨脾切除术的临床可行性。方法对24例巨脾伴脾功能亢进或外伤性脾破裂行腹腔镜巨脾切除术患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 21例患者成功行腹腔镜巨脾切除术,3例患者中转开腹。手术时间为90～390min,平均（170±30）min,术中出血量为50～3500mL,平均（900±50）mL。术后胃肠功能恢复时间为20～72h,2～5d拔除引流管,术后住院5～12d,平均（7±2）d,无手术死亡患者。结论在具备熟练的腔镜和开腹脾外科技术、合适的手术路径、完善的手术器械的条件下,腹腔镜巨脾切除术可以在临床上安全的应用。     

腹腔镜脾切除治疗外伤性脾破裂

目的探讨采用腹腔镜脾切除的方法治疗外伤性脾破裂的可行性. 方法 2004年8月～2005年5月我院采用腹腔镜脾切除方法治疗外伤性脾破裂8例. 结果 7例顺利完成腹腔镜脾切除术,1例改行手辅助腹腔镜脾切除术成功.手术时间150～200 min,平均180 min.术中出血量600～5 500 ml,平均2 200 ml.Ⅱ级损伤5例,Ⅲ级3例,术后恢复佳,无并发症. 结论腹腔镜脾切除治疗外伤性脾破裂安全、可行.     

Laparoscopic splenectomy for histiocytic sarcoma of the spleen

Primary histiocytic sarcoma of the spleen is a rare but potentially lethal condition. It can remain asymptomatic or only mildly symptomatic for a long time. An 81-year-old woman presented with an extremely enlarged spleen. She suffered from progressive anemia and required a red blood cell transfusion once a month. Although computed tomography, ultrasonography, and magnetic resonance imaging were performed for diagnosis, a confirmed diagnosis was not obtained. Her enlarged spleen compressed her stomach, and she suffered from gastritis and a sense of gastric fullness just after meals. She underwent laparoscopic splenectomy for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes. Her post-operative course was uneventful. After surgery, her red blood cell and platelet counts increased markedly. The tumor was diagnosed as splenic histiocytic sarcoma. Post-surgical chemotherapy was not performed, and the patient died of liver failure due to liver metastasis 5 mo after surgery. Laparoscopic splenectomy is minimally invasive and useful for the relief of symptoms related to hematological disorders. However, in cases of an enlarged spleen, optimal views and working space are limited. In such cases, splenic artery ligation can markedly reduce the size of the spleen, thus facilitating the procedure. The case reported herein suggests that laparoscopic splenectomy may be useful for the treatment of splenic malignancy.     

电视腹腔镜脾切除术及断流术

为拓宽电视腹腔镜应用范围，在动物实验的基础上，相继成功地为３例患者分别实施了电视腹腔镜脾切除（ＬＳ）、手助腹腔镜巨脾切除加门奇静脉断流术（ＨＬＭＲＰＤ）以及免气腹装置辅助的腹腔镜脾切除术（ＧＤＬＳ）。３例患者均顺利恢复，无手术并发症。结果表明：ＬＳ、ＨＬＭＲＰＤ、ＧＤＬＳ达到了微创外科手术效果，且经济安全，简便易行。     

脾切除治疗小儿肝豆状核变性合并脾功能亢进的疗效分析

目的 探讨脾切除治疗小儿肝豆状核变性合并脾功能亢进的有效性及安全性.方法 回顾分析30例小儿肝豆状核变性合并脾功能亢进而行脾切除的临床资料,对手术前后血细胞和免疫球蛋白的变化进行比较.结果 全部患者术后白细胞及血小板恢复至正常,手术前后免疫球蛋白比较差异无统计学意义.结论 脾切除是小儿肝豆状核变性合并脾功能亢进的主要治疗措施,它能保证患儿继续驱铜治疗.只要充分地进行围手术期处理,脾切除是有效的、可行的、安全的.     

Laparoscopic splenectomy

We describe the clinical course of 23 patients considered for laparoscopic splenectomy. One patient was excluded on the basis of preoperative angiography findings, and two (9%) were converted to open surgery. In the remaining 20 patients who successfully underwent laparoscopic splenectomy, no mortality was reported; four postoperative complications (20% morbidity) occurred. Mean operating time was 3 h 35 min (135–300 min). After a mean postoperative stay of 3.9 days (2–9 days), all patients except two were back to normal activities within 2 weeks of hospital discharge. Preoperative splenic artery embolization, begun with the third patient, helped to reduce operative blood loss and made the procedure easier to perform. Laparoscopic splenectomy has become our procedure of choice for elective removal of normalsized (<11 cm long) or moderately enlarged (11–20 cm long) spleens.Presented at the annual meeting of the Society of American Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Surgeons (SAGES), Nashville, Tennessee, USA, 18–19 April 1994     

腹腔镜脾切除术的技术改进

目的总结完全经腹腔镜行脾切除术的手术技巧. 方法需行脾切除术的患者20例,包括肝硬化继发性脾亢4例,脾假性囊肿1例,遗传性球形细胞增多症1例,原发性血小板减少性紫癜14例.采用4孔法进腹,先结扎切断脾蒂,将脾脏放入标本袋中,用电动子宫旋切器切成条状分次取出. 结果 1例因大出血中转开腹,余19例均成功.脾切除术操作时间平均195(135～270)min. 结论腹腔镜脾切除术安全可行、创伤小、费用不高, 值得临床推广.     

Laparoscopy Splenectomy for Massive Splenomegaly

ABSTRACT

Objective: This study is aimed to evaluate the feasibility of laparoscopic splenectomy (LS) for massive splenomegaly in patients with hypersplenism secondary to portal hypertension and liver cirrhosis. Method: A retrospective study of adult patients was conducted for splenectomy occurring from January 2006 to December 2010. We have performed the surgical procedures of splenectomy in 80 patients who were suffering from splenomegaly or hypersplenism secondary to portal hypertension and liver cirrhosis, among whom 40 patients underwent LS and another 40 patients received open surgery (OS). Results: Among the patients who had undergone LS, 2 patients were converted to OS and the other 38 patients underwent complete LS. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and the length of stay in LS group and OS group were 100–200 min (mean: 150 ± 30 min) vs. 120–210 min (mean: 100 ± 30 min), 50–1,000 ml (mean: 150 ± 110 ml) vs. 60–900 ml (mean: 140 ± 50 ml) and 4–9 days (mean: 6.1 ± 2.2 days) vs. 8–14 days (mean: 11.3 ± 2.3 days), respectively. No deaths occurred in the two groups, and there are no significant differences between the two groups in terms of estimated blood loss, complications, length of stay, and operating time. Conclusion: LS for treatment of massive splenomegaly is a feasible, effective, and safe surgical technique. Hypersplenism secondary to portal hypertension and liver cirrhosis are not supposed to be considered absolute contraindications to LS.     

Laparoscopic splenectomy for lymphoproliferative disease

Background: Elective laparoscopic splenectomy (LS) achieves excellent results for benign hematologic diseases. The role of LS for hematologic malignancies is harder to define owing to associated splenomegaly and patient disease that may alter outcome. Methods: Retrospective review of single institution experience 1996 through 2002. To limit variability of disease processes, only patients with immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and lymphoproliferative disease (LPD) were studied. Results: A total of 211 LS have been performed, including 73 for LPD and 86 for ITP. Patients with LPD were significantly older, 61 vs 46 years p<0.001; male, 45 (62%) vs 33 (38%), p<0.001; and larger splenic weight, 680 vs 162 g, p<0.001. Fifty-nine patients (81%) with LPD were operated with standard LS with a conversion rate of 15%. Hand-assisted LS was performed in 14 patients (19%), and three were converted to open. Compared to ITP, patients with LPD had longer operative time, 148 vs 126 min, p<0001, and higher blood loss, 200 vs 100 cc, p = 0.004. There was one mortality (0.6%), and morbidity occurred in six patients (8%) with LPD and seven (8%) with ITP. The median length of stay was 3 days for LPD and 2 days for ITP, p = 0.03. Forty-six patients were principally operated for a diagnosis, and 27 (60%) were found to have lymphoma. Conclusions: LS can be performed safely in patients with LPD, and when used judiciously with hand-assisted techniques can be performed with low conversion and morbidity rates. Splenectomy plays an important role in establishing the diagnosis of lymphoma in LPD.     

三孔法腹腔镜脾脏切除术

目的：总结三孔法腹腔镜脾脏切除术的手术经验及治疗效果。方法；对5例原发性血小板减少性紫癜、2例脾脏占位性病变的患采用三孔法腹腔镜脾切除术。结果：本组7例手术过程均顺利，术中出血少、创伤小、术后6例恢复快，无并发症发生，1例术后出血，再次行剖腹探查止血。7例患均痊愈出院。结论：腹腔镜脾切除对于某些病例是可行的，防止术中和术后出血是手术的关键。