Vertebral osteotomy for correction of kyphosis in ankylosing spondylitis

Eleven patients with ankylosing spondylitis had severe disabling kyphosis with forward bending of the upper part of the spine. The kyphosis was corrected by osteotomy by removal of a wedge composed of the spinous processes and the neural arch of the second lumbar vertebra and by excision of bone from the inside of the posterior part of the vertebral body of L2. By hyperextending the spine, a wedge fracture occurs in the vertebral body, producing lordosis and correction of the deformity without an anterior opening of the lumbar discs.     

经椎弓根椎体截骨内固定治疗陈旧性胸腰椎后凸畸形

[目的]评价经椎弓根椎体截骨内固定治疗陈旧性胸腰椎后凸畸形的疗效,探讨陈旧性胸腰椎后凸畸形的危险因素。[方法]回顾分析1999年7月~2005年3月不同病因25例陈旧性胸腰椎后凸畸形患者,均行经椎弓根椎体截骨内固定,并分析其危险因素。[结果]术后平均随访18个月,Cobb′s角平均8.2°,均获骨性融合,平均融合时间为4.8个月。[结论]经椎弓根椎体截骨是治疗陈旧性胸腰椎后凸畸形的有效手段,同时在早期治疗中对相关危险因素应引以为戒。     

脊柱去松质骨化截骨术治疗强直性脊柱炎并脊柱后凸畸形

目的探讨脊柱去松质骨化截骨术矫正强直性脊柱炎并脊柱后凸畸形的疗效。方法采用脊柱去松质骨化截骨术治疗28例强直性脊柱炎并脊柱后凸畸形患者。测量患者术前和术后的身高、颌眉角、矢状面失平衡距离和截骨部位后凸角,以评价疗效。结果手术时间128~226 min,术中出血量960~4 580 ml。9例术中出现硬脊膜破裂,经严密缝合裂口并放置引流愈合;3例术后出现肺部感染,经积极抗感染治疗痊愈;4例发生应激性溃疡,经质子泵抑制剂治疗症状消失。患者身高由术前110.6~135.4(122.6±11.2)cm矫正到术后150.6~175.8(160.8±9.66)cm,颌眉角由术前62°~112°(66°±26.3°)矫正到术后5.2°~21.4°(12.3°±6.2°),矢状面失平衡距离由术前12~28(16.6±4.6)cm矫正到术后4.5~13.8(8.6±3.2)cm,Cobb角由术前40°~145°(86.2°±20.3°)后凸矫正到术后-19.2°~21.4°(-2.6°±16.1°)前凸,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。患者均获得随访,时间1~4(2.6±0.5)年。末次随访时,患者后凸畸形均明显改善。结论脊柱去松质骨化截骨术可以有效矫正强直性脊柱炎并脊柱后凸畸形,患者的外观和生活质量均可得到明显改善。     

Vertebral subluxation during three-column osteotomy in surgical correction of adult spine deformity: incidence,risk factors,and complications

Purpose

To investigate incidence, risk factors, and complications of vertebral subluxation (VS) during three-column osteotomy in surgical correction of adult spine deformity.

Methods

Adult spine deformity patients who underwent three-column osteotomies including VCR, PSO, and other modified types from March 2000 to December 2014 in our center were retrospectively reviewed. The following parameters were measured pre- and postoperatively: Cobb angle of main curve, global kyphosis, sagittal vertical axis, and kyphosis flexibility. Radiographic parameters between groups (VCR vs. PSO and subluxation vs. non-subluxation) were compared.

Results

171 ASD patients were recruited, 18 of which (10.5%) developed sagittal vertebral subluxation at the osteotomy site. 5 of 18 patients (27.8%) developed neurological complications after surgery. For these five patients, two patients got partial recovery, and three got complete recovery at 2-year follow-up. 116 patients underwent PSO, 12 of which (10.3%) developed sagittal vertebral subluxation. In 55 patients receiving VCR, 6 (10.9%) developed sagittal vertebral subluxation. No significant difference was noted between the two groups (P > 0.05). The mean age of VS group was larger than that of non-VS group (46.2 vs. 34.2, P < 0.05). VS group had less kyphosis flexibility (11 vs. 23%, P < 0.05). More patients in VS group had preoperative sagittal VS as compared to non-VS group (77.8 vs. 20.9%, P < 0.05). VS group had more neurological complications than non-VS group (25 vs. 5.4%, P < 0.05).

Conclusion

VS occurred in one-tenth of patients receiving three-column osteotomies, one-fourth of which would develop neurological deficits. Older age, rigid kyphosis, and the pre-existence of VS were risk factors for developing VS.

     

Vertebral osteomyelitis

Vertebral osteomyelitis (VO) is an infectious disease of the vertebral body that requires early diagnosis with identification of the infecting organism to direct antibiotic therapy. Most VO can be treated nonsurgically, but 10% to 20% of cases require open surgical treatment. Excellent clinical outcomes can be achieved with appropriate medical and surgical treatment.