多囊性肾细胞癌

多囊性肾细胞癌（MCRCC）,也叫多囊性透明细胞肾细胞癌（RCC）和多囊性透明细胞癌,是一种预后较佳的少见的肾脏囊性肿瘤。2004年WHO肾肿瘤分类中将MCRCC作为透明细胞肾细胞癌的一种罕见亚型,其预后较佳。虽然文献报道囊性肾细胞癌比实体型透明细胞RCC预后好,但对于诊断MCRCC真正的临床意义和其预后还不清楚。作者根据WHO2004年的诊断标准收集了45例MCRCC,年龄30～80岁,平均54．3岁。男性28例,年龄36～80岁,平均56．3岁;女性17例,年龄30～78岁,平均51．1岁。50％的患者年龄小于50岁。肿瘤直径1—14cm,平均4．9cm,     

多房性囊性肾细胞癌2例

例1,患者女性,52岁,因无明显诱因出现右腰部不适、活动时加重半年入院.查体:一般情况好,BP:120/80 mg,右侧肾区扣击痛(±),未扪及明显肿块.B超:右肾切面形态稍大,下段背侧稍隆起,其内可见多个形态不规则的囊性暗区,内见多条强光带分隔.CT示:⑴右肾盂旁囊肿;⑵右肾下极皮质囊肿.既往有高血压病史,术中见右肾下极及肾盂输尿管旁各有1囊肿,剔除囊肿送病检.术后给予抗炎对症治疗,未行特殊处理,患者痊愈出院.随访7年未见复发或转移.     

多房囊性肾细胞癌一例

患者女 ,5 4岁。两年前无明显诱因突发肉眼血尿伴肾区绞痛 ,经抗炎、止血等对症治疗好转。此后 ,类似情况发生过 3次。多次彩超检查均提示左肾多囊肾。患者于 2 0 0 0年12月 5日在外院住院。ＣＴ示左肾内有一类圆形呈膨胀性生长且边界尚清之低密度灶 ,其密度不均 ,可见小点状钙化灶 ,ＣＴ值 3～ 98Ｈｕ不等。经增强扫描 ,病灶内可见增强之条索状影 ,条索交织成蜂窝状 ,有多个分隔的低密度灶 ,ＣＴ诊断考虑为多囊肾合并感染 ,但不除外其他占位性病变。专科检查 :双肾区无叩痛 ,不饱满 ,双输尿管行程无压痛 ,膀胱区无压痛 ,未扪及肿块。手术所…     

多囊性肾细胞癌1例报道及文献复习

目的：阐明多囊性肾细胞癌的病理形态学特征及鉴别诊断要点。方法：报道1例多囊性肾细胞癌,结合文献对本病的临床病理特征进行探讨。结果：肿瘤由厚的假纤维被膜环绕,瘤体全部由大小不等的囊腔及无膨胀性实性结节的薄的间隔构成,囊腔被覆透明细胞,异形性小,间隔内含聚集的透明细胞上皮巢,结论：多囊性肾细胞癌是一种罕见的有低度恶性倾向的肿瘤,术前影像学,细胞学检查及术后的肉眼特征均与囊性肾瘤,囊性部分分化性肾母细胞瘤相似,最重要的是本瘤缺乏肉眼所见的膨胀性实性结节,显微镜下的关键特征是间隔内可见聚集的透明细胞巢。     

透明细胞（管状）乳头状肾细胞癌临床病理学分析

目的：探讨透明细胞（管状）乳头状肾细胞癌（clear cell tubulopapillary renal cell carcinoma,CCTPRCC）临床病理学特征。方法：复习2012年至2014年肾细胞癌病理学切片,筛选CCTP-RCC病例。观察CCTP-RCC巨检及镜检特征,行免疫组化染色以及分子遗传学检测。结果：肾细胞癌中CCTP-RCC占2.0%（4/201）。肿瘤平均直径2.8 cm（范围1.2~4.5 cm）。囊性、乳头状、管状以及实性生长方式出现频率分别是100%（4/4）、100%（4/4）、100%（4/4）以及75%（3/4）。4例（100%）细胞轻度异型性。Fuhrman细胞核分级2级3例（75%）,1级1例（25%）。细胞核远离基底膜的细胞占17.5%（范围10%~20%）,其他位置占82.5%（范围80%~90%）。4例（100%）见平滑肌组织,3例（75%）见发育不全血管。3例（75%）T1a,1例（25%）T1b,所有病例均为I期肿瘤。免疫组化CK7 4例（100%）弥漫强阳性;CD10 3例（75%）阴性反应,1例（25%）局灶弱阳性。分子遗传学4例FISH检测17号染色体为二倍体。平均随访时间15.5（3~23）个月,所有病例没有局部复发、淋巴结转移以及远处转移。结论：CCTP-RCC是一种少见的RCC亚型;病理诊断应结合生长方式、细胞学以及间质表现三方面综合分析;典型免疫表型是CK7弥漫强阳性,CD10阴性或局灶阳性。     

囊性肾细胞癌临床病理分析

囊性肾细胞癌是一种罕见的肾癌。我们报道3例囊性肾细胞癌,并结合临床病理特征复习有关文献。1材料与方法1.1材料收集鄞州人民医院1998年1月～2003年5月确诊的3例囊性肾细胞癌,其中1例快速冷冻时曾误诊为脉管性错构瘤。3例均为男性,年龄45～62岁,例1有上腹隐痛伴右腰部酸胀不适     

透明细胞乳头状肾细胞癌1例

<正>患者女性,60岁,因右侧输尿管结石入院,自诉偶有右腰部酸胀感,无发热,无尿频、尿急、尿痛,无肉眼血尿;查体:心肺听诊无殊,腹软,未及包块,未及压痛、反跳痛,右肾区轻叩痛,左肾区无叩痛;腹部CT示右肾实质内见直径1. 6 cm等低密度结节影突出肾轮廓,增强后动脉期强化类似肾皮质,后期密度减低,呈相对略低密度,报告提示右肾占位,肾癌可能。行右肾部分切除术,送病理检查。     

透明细胞性肾细胞癌中MYBL2表达及临床意义

目的 探讨骨髓母细胞增生症病毒癌基因同源物样2(MYB proto-oncogene like 2,MYBL2)在透明细胞性肾细胞癌(clear cell renal cell carcinoma,ccRCC)中的表达及其与临床病理特征的相关性.方法 应用qRT-PCR法检测ccRCC及癌旁正常肾组织中MYBL2 mR...     

多房性囊性肾细胞癌的临床病理学特征和分子遗传学观察

目的 探讨多房性囊性肾细胞癌(MCRCC)的临床病理及分子遗传学改变特征.方法 对1990年1月至2006年12月间第二军医大学附属长海医院病理科病理诊断为肾细胞癌(706例)中的21例MCRCC进行了光镜、免疫表型观察和微卫星不稳定性(MSI)及杂合性缺失(LOH)检测.结果 21例MCRCC患者年龄34～72岁(平均年龄50岁),男19例,女2例.肉眼或镜下血尿3例,18例因体检而偶然发现.10例肿瘤位于左肾,11例位于右肾.T1期18例,T2期2例,T3期1例.其中1例侵犯肾包膜,均无淋巴结转移.随访20例,无一例死于肾癌,未发现肾癌转移或复发病例.组织学观察,肿块最大直径0.3～10.0 cm(平均3.6 cm).切面呈多房性囊性,囊腔大小不等,囊腔间隔厚薄不均(0.1～0.5 cm.平均0.2 cm),内含淡黄色液体或胶冻样或血性液体.囊腔内衬单层或多层上皮细胞,胞质透明或淡嗜酸性.囊腔间隔内也可见呈巢状或腺泡状排列的透明细胞.Fuhrman 1级16例,Fuhrman 2级5例.免疫组织化学观察,瘤细胞波形蛋白、ABC、CAM5.2、上皮细胞膜抗原(EMA)均呈阳性表达,CD10阳性表达6例.神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)阳性表达16例.分子遗传学观察,21例标本中,PCR扩增成功的有11例,5例发现微卫星变异,3例有LOH,其中D3S1560基因座2例,D14S617基因座1例;2例有MSI,分别为D9S168和D14S617各1例.结论 MCRCC是一种少见的肾囊性肿瘤,具有独特的临床和病理学特征,肿瘤预后良好,可通过手术切除而治愈.     

双侧甲状腺转移性肾透明细胞癌1例

患者女性,56岁,因颈前无痛性肿物1个月入院。初诊:甲状腺双侧肿瘤。患者于7年前因肾癌行右肾癌切除术。查体:一般情况好,双侧甲状腺可触及一表面光滑,随吞咽上下移动的肿物;甲状腺功能正常。X线示气管向左移位。腹部(B超、彩色多普勒)超声示:甲状腺右叶内探及一4·7cm×3·2cm椭圆形低回声团块,边界清,规整,内部滋养层血管增多,血流丰富;左叶内探及一3·0cm×2·0cm的低回声区,边界欠规整,内部回声不均匀,血流较丰富呈“花环征”。SPECT示甲状腺位置正常,两叶明显肿大,形态不完整,双侧甲状腺示踪剂分布不均匀,右叶中下部见一较大示踪剂缺…     

转移性透明细胞性肾细胞癌42例临床病理分析

目的探讨转移性透明细胞性肾细胞癌(clear cell renal cell carcinoma,CCRCC)的临床病理学特征、诊断及鉴别诊断。方法回顾性分析42例转移性CCRCC的临床病理资料,并复习相关文献。结果 42例转移性CCRCC中,男性35例,女性7例;转移部位依次为肺19例,骨8例,淋巴结及软组织各3例,肾上腺、皮肤及脑各2例,肝、小肠及鼻腔各1例。42例转移性CCRCC中,31例于肾原发灶手术切除后3周~11年出现转移,4例原发灶与转移灶同时发现;28例转移灶为单发,14例为多发性。34例转移性CCRCC仍具有原发性CCRCC的组织学形态,4例出现多灶状坏死,6例呈肉瘤样分化。Fuhrman细胞核分级:Ⅰ级4例、Ⅱ级13例、Ⅲ级18例、Ⅳ级7例。17例间质小血管呈簇状增生。免疫组化标记42例转移性CCRCC中CD10、vimentin、CAⅨ、PAX8、RCC和EMA阳性例数分别为39例(92.9%)、40例(95.2%)、38例(90.5%)、38例(90.5%)、31例(73.8%)和38例(90.5%)。结论转移性CCRCC具有独特的临床病理学特征,结合临床病史及肿瘤组织形态学特点,联合免疫组化标记vimentin、EMA、CD10、CAⅨ、PAX8等有助于诊断及鉴别诊断。     

Papillary renal cell carcinoma with clear cell cytomorphology and chromosomal loss of 3p

AIMS: Cytogenetic studies on renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) have disclosed a correlation between chromosome aberrations and histomorphological features. Nevertheless, it is still controversial whether the cytomorphology of the tumour cells (clear cell, chromophilic, chromophobe) or their growth pattern (nonpapillary, papillary) is more discriminative for the combined histomorphological-cytogenetic classification of RCCs. METHODS AND RESULTS: Three RCCs with papillary growth pattern and clear cell cytomorphology were analysed by classical cytogenetics using standard G-banding techniques. Each tumour displayed clonal aberrations leading to loss of terminal 3p chromosomal segments. Monosomy 14 was also consistently found. Trisomy 17 was not observed in any of the tumours. CONCLUSIONS: This series of three RCCs consisting of clear cells with papillary architecture revealed chromosomal aberrations characteristic for the conventional (clear cell) RCC. Irrespective of the predominant papillary growth pattern, none of the cases were characterized by trisomy of chromosomes 3q, 7, 8, 12, 16, 17 and 20 and loss of Y chromosome which are widely regarded as the most consistent genetic alterations for papillary RCC. Therefore, our cytogenetic findings provide evidence that papillary clear cell RCCs should be classified according to their cytomorphology rather than their growth pattern even when papillary architecture is prominent.     

Clinicopathologic study on clear cell hepatocellular carcinoma

In order to study the clinicopathologic characteristics of the clear cell variant of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), 215 consecutive cases measuring less than 5 cm in diameter were reviewed. The cases were divided into clear cell HCC (20 cases); focal clear cell HCC (77 cases); and non-clear cell HCC (118 cases). Clinical and pathological findings were compared among these groups. Clear cell HCC was moderately differentiated in 80% of cases and the incidence was not related to tumor size. The male to female ratio was 2.3:1, lower than the 6.9:1 of non-clear cell HCC. The association rate with liver cirrhosis was 90%, higher than the 59.3% of non-clear cell HCC. Three- and five-year survival rates, and no recurrence time were 54.5%, 33.3%, and 564 days, respectively, lower than the findings of 74.3%, 46.1%, and 770 days for non-clear cell HCC. But there is no significant difference in prognosis between both groups. Ultrastructurally, clear cells showed abundant glycogen storage and a variable degree of fat vacuoles, with a marked reduction of the number and size of organelles in the 8 cases examined. Non-clear cells of focal clear cell and non-clear cell HCC showed a moderate degree of glycogen storage in 85.7% and 28.6% of the seven cases examined from each group, with significant difference. It was concluded that clear cell HCC occurs mostly in the moderately differentiated form and is characterized by high female prevalence, high rate of association with liver cirrhosis, and has no significant difference in prognosis compared with non-clear cell HCC.     

肾透明细胞癌VHL基因和CD44v6表达及预后价值

目的　探讨vonHippel Lindau(VHL)基因和CD4 4v6与肾透明细胞癌 (CCRCC)分级、分期和预后及两者关系。 方法　采用免疫组化EnVision法检测 5 8例CCRCC标本中VHL基因和CD4 4v6的表达 ,比较两者同Fuhrman分级、病理分期和预后的关系及两者之间的关系。结果　VHL基因表达阳性率为 5 6 9% (33/5 8) ,为胞质染色 ;CD4 4v6表达阳性率为 4 4 8%(2 6 /5 8) ,为细胞膜染色。两者表达与病理核分级 (P <0 0 0 1)和患者生存率 (P <0 0 0 1和P <0 0 1)均相关。与病理分期无关 (P >0 0 5 )。两者相互之间也相关 (P <0 0 0 1)。结论　VHL基因和CD4 4v6表达可能在CCRCC进展中发挥作用 ,并为判断预后提供了有用的信息。     

Confusing cases: clear cell but not renal cell lesions in kidney

Diagnosis of low-grade clear cell lesions in kidney can be challenging to the pathologist in practice. There is limited information in the literature addressing the practical issues that may be encountered in this regard. Herein is presented two cases: one was an adrenal cortical nodule; the second, an intrarenal adrenal heterotopia that was assumed to be renal cell carcinoma initially. Certain red flags should prompt pathologists to investigate further; close morphological examination including immunohistochemistry may be warranted in these lesions.