肝移植术后乙型肝炎复发的预防

目的 总结肝移植术后预防乙型肝炎复发的临床经验,探讨预防乙肝病毒再感染的个体化治疗措施.方法 回顾性分析我院2004年7月至2008年6月完成的195例乙肝相关性终末期肝病患者的肝移植临床资料,按照其移植术后抗病毒方案不同分为两组:A组(168例)应用拉米夫定(LAM)联合乙肝免疫球蛋白(HBIG);B组(27例)应用阿德福韦(ADF)联合乙肝免疫球蛋白.平均随访(23.7±13.4)月,观察总体及两组复发率.结果 A组和B组各复发1例,复发时间分别在术后6个月至11个月,复发率分别为0.6%(1/168)和3.7%(1/27),总体复发率为1%,两组复发率差异无统计学意义(P=0.14).结论 拉米夫定联合HBIG可有效预防肝移植术后乙型肝炎复发,根据术前病毒携带情况调整抗病毒方案与HBIG用量可获得满意疗效.     

肝移植术后早期巨细胞病毒感染的先驱性治疗

目的 通过临床病例对照研究,寻求肝移植术后防治巨细胞病毒(CMV)感染的较好方法。方法 将63例原位肝移植患者分为预防性治疗组与先驱性治疗组,术后3个月内定期进行CMV-PP65定性和CMV-DNA定量检测,预防性治疗组均在术后2周时给于静脉更昔洛韦治疗,先驱性治疗组仅在检测阳性时给予更昔洛韦治疗。结果 预防性治疗组中17％(5／35)出现了CMV感染;先驱性治疗组中36％(10／28)出现了CMV感染。两组中全部病例均未发生CMV病。结论 肝移植术后早期采用先驱性治疗不增加巨细胞病毒病的发生率。     

补救性肝移植和再次肝切除治疗肝癌术后复发的疗效对比

目的探讨补救性肝移植和再次肝切除治疗肝癌切除术后复发的疗效。方法回顾性分析2004年9月至2010年8月72例符合米兰标准且肝功能为Child A肝癌复发患者的资料,依据手术方式不同分为再次肝切除组(53例)和补救性肝移植组(19例)。Kaplan-Meier曲线检验2组患者肝癌切除术后复发的术后生存率和术后无瘤生存率的差异。COX比例风险回归模型分析影响复发患者再次手术后生存的因素。结果再次肝切除组1年、3年、5年生存率为86.79%、62.26%、45.28%,补救性肝移植组治疗1年、3年、5年生存率为89.47%、68.42%、57.89%,2组比较差异无统计学意义(χ~2=2.530,P=0.112);再次肝切除术组1年、3年、5年无瘤生存率分别为67.92%、47.17%、35.85%,补救性肝移植组1年、3年、5年无瘤生存率分别为94.74%、68.42%、52.63%,2组比较差异有统计学意义(χ~2=4.395,P=0.036)。单因素和多因素分析结果显示,微血管侵犯、卫星灶和肿瘤多发影响肝癌术后复发再次术后生存的独立危险因素。结论当肝癌术后复发符合米兰标准且肝功能为Child A时,补救性肝移植可取得稍优于再次肝切除治疗的效果,行补救性肝移植是一种可行有效的治疗方法。     

不同手术方式治疗对高原地区肝包虫病患者围术期指标及术后复发率的影响

目的分析半肝切除、自体肝移植治疗对高原地区肝包虫病患者围术期指标及术后复发率的影响。方法选择2014年1月至2015年12月我院收治的肝包虫病患者60例,按半肝切除、自体肝移植治疗方法的不同分为2组,每组30例;对比2组患者一般手术情况、残肝功能储备功能、术后并发症等围术期指标,并绘制Kaplan-Meier生存曲线分析2组术后无复发生存情况。结果 2组患者均顺利完成手术并出院,无死亡病例;半肝切除组手术时间、术中出血量低于自体肝移植组,差异具有统计学意义(P 0. 05),但总住院时间、术后引流导管拔除时间、剩余残肝大小比较差异无统计学意义(P 0. 05);术后2组术前肝储备功能指标均有不同程度上升,并显著高于术前水平,但组间差异无统计学意义(P 0. 05); 2组患者术后并发症主要以肝功能不全、胆瘘、胸腹腔积液及感染为主,但2组并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P 0. 05);随访截至2018年7月,2组患者无复发累积生存率比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=0. 324,P=0. 569)。结论半肝切除、自体肝移植治疗对高原地区肝包虫病患者围术期指标及术后复发率的影响无显著差异,自体肝移植手术难度相对较大,但对难以常规切除的肝包虫病患者不失为有效治疗手段。     

肝肾移植术后巨细胞病毒感染者T细胞表面CD38的动态变化

目的动态监测肝肾移植术后巨细胞病毒(CMV)感染者T细胞表面CD38表达水平的变化。方法将研究对象的淋巴细胞与相应荧光标记的单克隆抗体反应,经洗涤、固定后用流式细胞仪检测T细胞表面CD38的表达量,健康对照组采血1次、稳定组术前及术后各采血1次、巨细胞病毒感染组受者分不同时间段采血。结果健康成人淋巴细胞表面CD38的表达量为(642.1±107.3)细胞,在不同性别及年龄组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);肝、肾移植感染组受者因CMV病毒感染发病时,CD38的表达量显著增加,与术前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);抗感染治疗1周后,CD38的表达量逐渐下降,与感染时比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);在非病毒感染的移植受者CD38的表达水平不增高;CMV病毒感染组的患者在临床出现CMV感染症状前CD38+CD8+的表达水平已经增高,至治疗3个月以后由于体内CMV抗原的存在,CD38的表达水平仍然超出健康成人。结论双色流式细胞术定量分析淋巴细胞表面CD38+CD8+的表达水平对于监测CMV感染是较灵敏且特异的指标之一,在减少患者的医疗费用、评估治疗效果中具有重要的意义。     

乙肝患者重叠巨细胞病毒感染的肝组织学观察

乙型肝炎患者可重叠巨细胞病毒(CMV)感染.近年来,一些血清学的资料提示,CMV重叠HBV感染后可以加重患者的临床症状.我们采用免疫组化对一组乙肝患者肝组织中的CMV进行了检测,并对HBV与CMV在肝组织中表达与分布的相关关系进行了探讨.     

肝移植术后主要并发症的病理观察指标分析

目的 通过对大样本肝移植术后肝穿刺病例的回顾性研究,分析术后主要并发症的特征性病理指标,以提高临床鉴别诊断准确率.方法 收集具有完整临床及实验室检查资料的肝移植术后肝穿刺病例共415例(肝穿刺667例次),将13种肝移植术后肝穿刺组织中常见的病理表现进行定量或半定量后,对其在术后主要并发症中的发生率进行统计学分析.结果 肝移植术后并发症发生率居前5位的依次是:急性排异(31.5%)、胆管并发症(24.1%)、缺血/再灌注损伤(18.7%)、药物性损伤(7.8%)和乙型肝炎病毒感染/肝炎复发(3.6%),显著性分析结果显示5种主要并发症各自相对特征性的诊断谱.结论 肝穿刺活检对移植术后并发症的诊断及治疗具有重要价值,并发症诊断谱利于综合评估肝穿刺标本,有助于提高鉴别诊断的准确率.     

联合检测巨细胞病毒感染在原位肝移植术后诊断的应用

目的比较外周血巨细胞病毒（CMV）定量PCR检测,CMV-pp65抗原检测及组织病理学检查对原位肝移植术后CMV感染诊断的价值。方法回顾分析45例肝移植患者临床资料,统计三种检查结果,并结合文献进行讨论。结果三种方法检查均显示,有18例患者发生巨细胞病毒感染,18例均为无临床症状的巨细胞病毒感染。经更昔洛韦治疗,18例全部治愈。结论外周血CMV定量PCR,CMV-pp65抗原检测及组织病理学检查均能作为肝移植术后CMV感染早期诊断的有效手段,CMV定量PCR更敏感,CMV-pp65抗原检测更特异,组织病理学检查则具有创伤性,三者的共同应用能够对CMV感染患者做出早期诊断并且指导治疗。更昔洛韦能够有效治疗CMV感染。     

非甲-非戊型慢性病毒性肝炎患者隐匿性HBV感染的研究

目的 观察非甲-非戊型慢性病毒性肝炎患者隐匿性HBV感染的状况,探讨荧光定量聚合酶链反应(FQ-PCR)技术对隐匿性HBV感染的诊断价值.方法 应用FQ-PCR技术对57例非甲-非戊型慢性病毒性肝炎患者进行了血清、肝组织HBV-DNA定量检测,并将肝组织HBV DNA定量水平与肝脏炎症活动度的关系进行了分析.结果 血清、肝组织HBV DrqA定量阳性分别为13例(22.81%)、22例(38.60%).13例血清HBV DNA定量阳性患者其肝组织定量亦均阳性,但9例肝组织HBV DrqA定量阳性患者其血清定量为阴性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);同时13例血清与肝组织定量均阳性患者比较.显示肝组织HBV DNA定量水平显著高于血清定量水平[(6.62±1.21)拷贝,gvs.(4.03±1.06)拷贝/ml,(P<0.01)].肝组织HBV DNA水平与肝脏炎症活动度并无相关性,10例G2,7例G3,5例G4患者HB'q DNA定量分别为(6.13±1.65)拷贝/g、(5.92±1.81)拷贝,g、(5.83±1.89)拷贝/g,(P0.05),但HBV DNA定量阳性患者均为活动性肝脏病变.结论 HBV隐匿性感染是部分非甲-非戊型慢性病毒性肝炎患者的病因.单纯检测血清免疫学标志物对HBV感染诊断存在漏诊,对非甲-非戊型慢性病毒性肝炎患者应用FQ-PCR技术开展血清定量尤其是肝组织中HBV DNA定量检测可提高HBV感染的诊断.对隐匿性HBV感染的慢性病毒性肝炎亦应给予有效的抗病毒治疗.     

HLA高分辨等位基因与骨髓移植受者HCMV抗原血症研究

目的 分析HLA高分辨等位基因与骨髓移植术后HCMVpp65抗原血症的相关性.方法 选取2009年2月至2010年10月在我院行骨髓移植术患者48例;采用免疫组化方法检测患者HCMVpp65,采用直接测序分型方法（PCR-SBT）检测患者HLA-A＊1101、HLA-A＊0201、HLA-A＊2402、HLA-B＊4001、HLA-DRB1＊0901五个高分辨等位基因.结果 ①48例骨髓移植术后患者HCMV感染率100％;②HLA-A＊1101、HLA-A＊0201、HLA-A＊2402、HLA-B＊ 4001等位基因阳性率在pp65抗原血症12例低感染组和36例高感染组中比较没有统计学意义（P＞0.05）,其阳性率HLA-A＊1101为33.3％ （8/24）和20.8％ （15/72）、HLA-A＊0201为4.2％ （1/24）和13.9％ （10/72）、HLA-A＊ 2402为12.5％ （3/24）和19.4％ （14/72）、HLA-B＊ 4001 16.7％ （4/24）和12.5％ （9/72）;③HLA-DRB1＊0901等位基因阳性率在pp65抗原血症12例低感染组和36例高感染组中比较有统计学意义（P =0.048）,其阳性率为4.2％ （1/24）和19.4％ （14/72）;④HLA-DRB1＊0901组患者pp65抗原血症高于HLA-A＊2402组（P =0.007）和HLA-A＊1101组患者（P=0.028）,HLA-A＊0201组患者pp65抗原血症高于HLA-A＊2402组患者（P=0.02）,其他高分辨等位基因组之间pp65抗原血症差异没有统计学意义（P＞0.05）.结论 HLA-DRB1＊0901等位基因可能与骨髓移植术后患者发生高HCMVpp65抗原血症有关;HLA-A＊2402等位基因可能与骨髓移植术后患者发生低HCMVpp65抗原血症有关.     

HCMVpp65抗原、HCMV mRNA和IgM抗体检测在诊断HCMV活动性感染中的比较

目的比较人巨细胞病毒（HCMV）pp65抗原、HCMV mRNA和血清HCMV—IgM抗体检测3种方法在诊断HCMV活动性感染中的实用意义。方法采集医院TORCH检查HCMV—IgM阳性的病人外周血（60份）。将标本分2份2ml和3ml,别用于HCMV mRNA和pp65检测。将三者结果进行比较。结果pp65抗原检测的结果与IgM抗体检测的阳性符合率为81．67％。与HCMV mRNA检测相比pp65抗原检测法的符合率、特异度和敏感度分别为81．67％,81．81％和81．63％。而且高pp65抗原血症与患者的临床症状密切相关。结论pp65抗原血症反映该病毒活动状况,可监测HCMV活动性感染,联合HCMV—IgM的检测可以提高临床的诊断率并可用于指导临床用药及监测药物疗效。     

HLA-DQA1基因多态性与HBV感染结局相关

目的探讨中国汉族人群人类白细胞抗原(HLA)-DQA1基因多态性是否与乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染结局相关联。方法以213例HBV自限性感染者和420例慢性乙肝患者为研究对象,应用聚合酶链反应-序列特异性引物(PCR-SSP)技术进行HLA-DQA1基因分型,用EPI和SPSS软件分析DQA1多态性的分布频率及其组间差异。结果DQA1*0102在慢性乙肝组的分布频率显著低于HBV自限性感染组(15.47%比较20.42%,P<0.05),而DQA1*0201在慢性乙肝组的分布频率显著高于HBV自限性感染组(10.48%比较6.10%,P<0.05)。调整性别、年龄等混杂因素影响的非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,与HLA-DQA1其他等位基因相比,携带DQA1*0102者降低慢性乙肝发生的风险(P<0.05,OR=0.69,95%C I:0.49-0.96),而携带DQA1*0201者增加慢性乙肝发生的风险(P<0.05,OR=1.77,95%C I:1.09-2.87)。结论HLA-DQA1基因多态性可能是影响HBV感染结局的重要宿主遗传因素。     

Polymerase chain reaction detects hepatitis B virus DNA in paraffin-embedded liver tissue from patients sero- and histo-negative for active hepatitis B

Summary The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to analyse tissues from paraffin blocks of liver needle biopsies retrospectively. Biopsies of 29 patients with proven HBsAg and HBcAg expression in liver tissue and of 8 healthy volunteers served as positive (group 1) and negative tissue controls (group 2), respectively. These were compared with 16 patients with proven HBsAg expression in liver but lack of HBcAg (group 3), with 23 patients with anti-HBc as the only hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related marker (group 4) and with 21 patients with liver disease and without HBV markers in tissue or serum (group 5). PCR detected HBV sequences in all cases of the positive control group and in 94% of group 3, in 65% of group 4, and in 71.4% of group 5, whereas all healthy volunteers were negative. Our data show that PCR is able to detect HBV-DNA sequences in virtually all patients with active viral antigen expression but also in a high proportion of hepatitic patients who are silent for active HB but may or may not show signs of a contact with the HBV. Thus, PCR for HBV-DNA in paraffin sections might become a useful tool for identifying patients carrying HBV-DNA but not expressing HBV antigens.     

Hepatitis B prophylaxis post liver transplantation with newer nucleos(t)ide analogues after hepatitis B immunoglobulin discontinuation

Newer nucleos(t)ide analogues (NUCs) have better resistance profiles making hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG)-sparing protocol an attractive prophylactic approach against hepatitis B virus (HBV) recurrence after liver transplantation (LT). We evaluated the risk of HBV recurrence after withdrawal of HBIG in patients who had been under HBIG plus NUCs after LT. Stable patients without HBV recurrence after LT while receiving combination of HBIG plus NUCs for at least 12?months were eligible for HBIG discontinuation. The patients were at low risk for HBV recurrence (only 4.5% had detectable HBV DNA at the time of LT, and 32% had HBV/hepatitis D virus co-infection). All patients were followed up with HBV serum markers, HBV-DNA, and evaluation of renal function, including glomerular filtration rate. Forty-seven recipients discontinued HBIG and were maintained on newer NUCs. Median follow-up post-HBIG withdrawal was 24?months (range: 6-40?months). Twenty-eight (60%) patients continued on lamivudine in combination with adefovir dipivoxil (n?=?23, 82%) or tenofovir (n?=?5, 18%); 10 (21%) and 9 (19%) of the 47 patients continued on tenofovir and entecavir monoprophylaxis, respectively. Although 3 (6.3%) patients developed detectable hepatitis B surface antigen, all of them had undetectable HBV DNA and no clinical manifestations of HBV recurrence. Renal function was similar between the different groups of patients. In conclusion, maintenance therapy with newer NUCs after discontinuation of HBIG prophylaxis was effective, but further studies in larger cohorts with longer follow-up are needed.     

Occult hepatitis B virus infection and clinical outcomes of patients with chronic hepatitis C

Although occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections in individuals without detectable hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) may occur and have been reported to be common in patients with chronic hepatitis C, the clinical relevance remains controversial. We searched for serum HBV DNA in 210 HBsAg-negative patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related liver disease (110 patients with chronic hepatitis, 50 patients with cirrhosis, and 50 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma) by PCR. Most of the patients had detectable antibodies to HBsAg or HBV core antigen. All of the 110 chronic hepatitis C patients were treated with a combination therapy consisting of interferon plus ribavirin. In addition, 100 HBsAg-negative healthy adults served as controls. Thirty-one of the 210 patients (14.8%) had HBV DNA in their sera, as did 15 of the 100 healthy controls (15%). HBV DNA was not detected in the sera of those negative for serological markers of HBV infection. In patients with chronic HCV infection, the prevalence of occult HBV infection did not parallel the severity of liver disease (14.5% in patients with chronic hepatitis, 8% in patients with liver cirrhosis, and 22% in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma). In addition, the sustained response to combination therapy against hepatitis C was comparable between patients with and without occult HBV infection (38 versus 39%). In conclusion, these data suggest that occult HBV infection does not have clinical significance in chronic hepatitis C patients residing in areas where HBV infection is endemic.     

重型病毒性肝炎中丁型肝炎病毒的检测

为了探讨丁型肝炎病毒（ＨＤＶ）感染在重型病毒性肝炎中的作用，对北京佑安医院１９８０年至１９８９年收治的５４例急性和亚急性重型肝炎和３８例急性乙肝患者血清，应用国产ＨＤＶＥＬＩＳＡ试剂测定抗－ＨＤ、抗－ＨＤＩｇＭ和ＨＤＡｇ，应用斑点杂交技术测定ＨＤＶＲＮＡ。结果发现重型肝炎组ＨＯＶ－Ｍ检出率明显高于急性乙肝组（２７．８％比５．３％．Ｐ＜０．０５）。单独ＨＢＶ感染和ＨＤＶ／ＨＢＶ混合感染的重型肝炎患者均有较高的病死率。提示ＨＤＶ感染是重型肝炎中重要的病原学因素之一，ＨＤＶ与ＨＢＶ具有协同作用加重肝损害，导致肝衰竭。     

Diagnostic value of HCMV pp65 antigen detection by FCA for symptomatic and asymptomatic infection: compared to quantification of HCMV DNA and detection of IgM antibody in infants

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) can cause symptomatic or asymptomatic infection in infants. One hundred and twenty-six infants were assessed clinically for disease in infantile period. Eighty of them were classified as symptomatic infection on the basis of physical, instrumental, and laboratory findings, 5 were demonstrated by following up to have later developed HCMV disease, and the other 41 infants were classified as asymptomatic infection. HCMV DNA was positive in all urine samples of the symptomatic infants detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. HCMV-IgM antibody detected by chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA) was positive in 62 of the 85 symptomatic infants, but was negative in all of the samples of asymptomatic infants. HCMV pp65 antigen detected by flow cytometry assay (FCA) was positive in 77 of the 85 symptomatic infants and in none of the asymptomatic infants. The coincidence to symptom of HCMV pp65 antigen detection was higher than those of HCMV DNA and HCMV-IgM antibody detection. The sensitivity, specificity, positive prognostic value and the negative prognostic value of HCMV pp65 antigen detection for diagnosis of HCMV infection was 90.6, 100, 100 and 83.7%, respectively. We concluded that detection of pp65 antigen by FCA is more sensitive for diagnosis of HCMV infection than detection of HCMV-IgM antibody and is better than HCMV DNA quantification for distinguishing the symptomatic and asymptomatic HCMV infection in infants.     

Human cytomegalovirus pp65 lower matrix protein: a humoral immunogen for systemic lupus erythematosus patients and autoantibody accelerator for NZB/W F1 mice

Both the infection of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and the immunization of its recombinant glycoprotein (gB) in mice have been known to induce autoimmunity, resulting in symptoms similar to those of human systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Research has also found that the murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV)-specific monoclonal antibody (mAb) is able to react with a human U1-70K-like autoantigen. To investigate HCMV involvement in autoimmunity, we analysed the humoral responses to HCMV by autoimmune patients and normal adults. Our studies show unambiguously that sera from SLE patients exhibited an elevated IgG titre to HCMV when compared with those observed in controls and other connective tissue disease (CTD) patients (P < 0.001). The IgM titres to HCMV and IgG to HBV were evaluated, and no significant differences were noted among all testing groups. In addition to initiating T cell activity, as reported by many investigators, we found that the HCMV pp65 antigen (also known as lower matrix protein) was able to induce humoral responses in SLE patients. Immunoblot assays showed that 82.56% of sera from SLE patients reacted with the HCMV pp65 antigen, but only 11.11%, 23.53% and 31.17% of patients from normal control, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and CTD patients, respectively, reacted to it. Unlike HCMV pp65, HCMV pp150 induced B cell activity in most collected sera (92.22%-98.04%). Finally, female NZB/W F1 mice immunized with plasmids encoding HCMV pp65 open reading frame (pcDNApp65) developed an early onset of autoantibody activity and more severe glomerulonephritis. Thus, we conclude that the HCMV pp65 antigen triggers humoral immunity in SLE patients and autoimmune-prone mice and that it could very well exacerbate the autoimmune responses in susceptible animals.     

活动性巨细胞病毒感染与反复自然流产的关系探讨

目的探讨活动性人巨细胞病毒（human cytomegalovirus,HCMV）感染与反复自然流产（recurrent spontaneous abortion,RSA）的关系.方法采集反复自然流产孕妇和正常产前体检孕妇外周血,分离外周血单个核细胞（PBMCs）和血浆,分别用免疫荧光法和实时定量PCR检测HCMV pp65抗原和HCMV DNA,并比较2种方法的一致性.结果 65例RSA患者HCMV pp65抗原有20例阳性,阳性率30.8%,50例正常体检孕妇 HCMV pp65抗原有4例阳性,阳性率8.0%,2组孕妇HCMV活动性感染率有显著性差异（χ^2=8.87,P＜0.01）.孕妇HCMV pp65抗原阳性率升高,孕妇流产几率增加（χ^2=7.53,P＜0.01）. 免疫荧光法和实时定量PCR有较好的一致性（92.3%）.结论反复自然流产孕妇 HCMV活动性感染率显著高于正常孕妇,HCMV pp65抗原检测也许可作为RSA早期诊断指标之一.     

HBV基因型与HBV感染慢性化、重症化的关系

目的 探讨HBV基因型与HBV感染后慢性化、重症化的关系.方法 应用型特异性引物聚合酶链反应法,对中国2922例HBV感染者进行HBV基因型检测,比较各临床类型HBV感染者基因型分布差异及各基因型HBV感染者肝功能和病毒学差异.结果 2922例HBV感染者中,基因型B、C、B/C、D分别占15.9%、83.5%、0.41%、0.21%.与慢性肝炎比较急性肝炎B基因型所占比例较高（P=0.003）,肝硬化和肝细胞性肝癌C基因型所占比例较高（P值均为0.000）,慢加急性肝衰竭与慢性肝炎比较基因型分布差异无统计学意义.急性肝炎和慢性肝炎B、C基因型患者HBeAg 阳性率、HBV DNA病毒载量、肝功能生化指标差异无统计学意义.慢加急性肝衰竭、肝硬化、肝细胞性肝癌组C基因型较B基因型患者HBeAg阳性率更高（P值分别为0.000、0.024、0.003）,肝细胞性肝癌C基因型患者HBV DNA病毒载量高于B基因型患者（P=0.025）,慢加急性肝衰竭和肝细胞性肝癌组C基因型较B基因型患者胆碱酯酶更低（P值为0.0004、0.02）.结论 中国HBV感染者的HBV基因型以B、C基因型为主,少量的B/C、D基因型;C基因型较B基因型HBV感染者更易发生慢性化和进展为肝硬化和肝细胞性肝癌,但未观察到基因型对慢加急性肝衰竭发生的差异.急性和轻症HBV感染者B、C基因型未显示对病情的明显影响,但重症和终末期HBV感染者C基因型较B基因型患者HBeAg阳性率、HBV DNA病毒载量更高,肝功能损害更严重.