C-12蛋白芯片检测系统对肺癌诊断的价值评价

目的探讨多肿瘤标志物蛋白芯片检测系统在肺癌中的诊断价值。方法使用多肿瘤标志物蛋白芯片检测系统(C-12)检测61例肺癌患者、47例肺良性疾病患者、50例健康体检者血清中12项肿瘤标志物的水平。结果肺癌组肿瘤标志物C-12检测阳性率明显高于良性疾病组及健康体检组(P<0.01);12项联合检测阳性率(77.05%)明显高于单项检测阳性率(14.75%～45.9%),P<0.01;CEA、NSE、CA125、CA19-9、CA242联合检测是一种肺癌诊断既经济又有效的组合;CEA阳性率以肺腺癌组最高,NSE阳性率以小细胞肺癌组最高;随着肺癌病情进展,CA19-9、CA242、CA125阳性率明显升高。结论多肿瘤标志物蛋白芯片检测系统对肺癌早期诊断、提高肺癌诊断灵敏度有较好的应用价值,对肺癌病理分型、判定病情进展程度也有一定的价值。     

多肿瘤标志物蛋白芯片检测技术对肺癌的诊断价值分析

目的研究多肿瘤标志物蛋白芯片检测技术对肺部恶性肿瘤的诊断价值。方法同期住院患者分为三组：肺癌组（78例）、肺部良性病变组（118例）、对照组（68例），用多肿瘤标志物蛋白芯片检测系统测定血清中12种肿瘤标志物的水平。结果癌胚抗原（CEA）、糖原125（CAl25）、铁蛋白（Fer）和糖原242（CA242）的血清水平肺癌组明显高于肺部良性病变组和对照组。CEA、CAl25、Fer和CA242检测诊断肺癌的灵敏度分别为41．O％、35．9％、26．9％、17．9％，特异度分别为89．8％、86．0％、86．6％、95．7％。12种肿瘤标志物中单项检测阳性诊断肺癌的敏感度和特异度分别为57．7％和72．0％，二项阳性为32．1％和88．7％，三项阳性为24．4％和96．8％，四项阳性为15．4％和98．9％。结论多肿瘤标志物蛋白芯片检测方法对肺癌诊断的阳性率较高，当三项以上同时阳性时虽然敏感度下降，但特异度可高达96．8％，对于初步判断病灶的恶性性质有一定的帮助。     

联合检测CEA、CA199和CA242在胰腺癌诊断中的应用价值

目的探讨用蛋白芯片法检测CEA、CA199和CA242在胰腺癌诊断中应用价值。方法用蛋白芯片法测定38例胰腺癌患者、65例非胰腺恶性肿瘤患者、37例良性疾病患者和20例健康人群血清CEA、CA199和CA242含量。结果CEA、CA199和CA242对胰腺癌有诊断价值，其中敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为60．3％、61．4％、36．3％和80．3％；81．3％、72．5％、52．6％和89．3％；79．0％、84．2％、64．5％和90．3％；联合检测可提高检测的特异性和阳性预测值。结论联合检测CEA、CA199和CA242有利于胰腺癌临床诊断。     

血清TSGF、CA242、CA19-9对老年胰腺癌患者诊断作用的临床研究

目的 评价血清中肿瘤标志物恶性肿瘤相关物质(TSGF)、糖类抗原CA242和CAl9-9对老年胰腺癌患者的诊断作用。方法 采用生化比色法与酶免法分别检测200例健康人、52例胰腺炎及96例胰腺癌患者的TSGF、CA242和CAl9-9含量。结果 TSGF、CA242和CAl9-9阳性似然比依次为5．4、12．6和6．3，阴性似然比依次为0．10、0．19和0．17。单项肿瘤标志物对胰腺癌诊断：TSGF敏感性高达91．6％，CA242特异性高达93．5％。以3项均为阳性诊断胰腺癌：敏感性为77．1％，特异性和阳性预测值皆为100．0％。胰头癌TSGF与CA242水平显著高于胰体癌、胰尾癌及全胰癌，而CAl9-9的表达与其部位无相关性。TSGF、CA242与CAl9-9随着临床分期的进展而敏感性增加，Ⅰ期者TSGF的敏感性显著高于CA242与CAl9-9，因此TSGF可以作为胰腺癌早期筛选的肿瘤标志物。结论 应用TSGF、CA242和CAl9-9联合诊断胰腺癌可以提高特异性，其表达对胰腺癌的不同组织分型起到重要作用，3项标志物联合检测可助早期诊断胰腺癌。     

胰腺癌患者血清中CA19-9、CA50、CA242、CEA的水平变化及意义

目的探讨胰腺癌患者血清肿瘤标志物血清糖类抗原(CA)19-9、CA50、CA242、癌胚抗原(CEA)水平,及其与胰腺癌术前诊断、临床分期、肿瘤大小以及预后的关系。方法分别测定38例胰腺癌(观察组)和25例胰腺良性病变(对照组)患者血清中CA19-9、CA50、CA242和CEA。探讨其与胰腺癌临床分期、肿瘤大小及预后的关系。结果观察组血清CA19-9、CA50、CA242和CEA水平明显高与于对照组,术后血清CA19-9、CA50、CA242和CEA水平较术前明显下降,TS3+TS4、Ⅲ+Ⅳ期患者血清CA19-9、CA50、CA242和CEA水平分别高于TS1+TS2、Ⅰ+Ⅱ期者(P均<0.05)。结论胰腺癌患者血清CA19-9、CA50、CA242和CEA水平对胰腺癌患者术前诊断、临床分期和肿瘤大小的判断有一定的参考意义。     

肿瘤标志物检测在胰腺癌诊断和预后评估中的价值研究

目的评价胰腺癌肿瘤标志物对胰腺癌诊断及预后的影响。方法收集2007年1月至2011年12月沈阳军区总医院胰腺癌住院患者198例,良性胰腺病50例,正常对照组61名。采用放射免疫分析法检测血清肿瘤标志物CA19-9、CA242、CA50、CA125、CEA。分析回访到生存期的120例胰腺癌患者预后影响因素。结果胰腺癌患者肿瘤标志物CA19-9、CA242、CA125明显增高,与正常对照组及良性胰腺病变组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);CA19-9、CA242、CA125、CA50和CEA灵敏度分别为80.84%、72.50%、56.67%、56.12%、45.31%,特异度分别为76.80%、69.32%、72.96%、65.33%、57.40%。联合检测灵敏度有提高,但特异度降低。胰腺癌患者中位生存期5.5个月,胰体尾癌及全胰腺癌较胰头癌生存期短,CA19-9、CA242、CA125升高的患者生存期短(P0.05)。多因素Cox比例风险回归分析显示,CA19-9、CA242是独立预后因素(P0.05)。结论胰腺癌血清肿瘤标志物检测有助于胰腺癌的早期诊断。联合检测肿瘤标志物有助于提高对胰腺癌的诊断效率,胰腺体尾部肿瘤、CA19-9、CA242、CA125升高的患者生存期短。CA19-9、CA242是胰腺癌的独立预后因素,有助于评估预后。     

肿瘤标志物CA242与CA19-9对胰腺癌的诊断价值

目的:比较血清肿瘤标志物CA242与CA19-9对胰腺癌的诊断价值。方法:1996年4月至1997年6月,北京医院对门诊及住院197例患者进行了血清CA19-9的检测,148例进行了CA242的检测,其中25例为临床明确诊断为胰腺癌,12例为急性胰腺炎,18例为良性阻塞性黄疸。结果显示:胰腺癌患者血清CA19-9和CA242较对照明显增高,其中25例胰腺癌患者有21例CA19-9阳性,检测的灵敏度为84％,特异性为74.4％,有17例CA242阳性,检测的灵敏度为68％,特异性为87.8％。CA242与CA19-9比较,灵敏度无显著差异(0.10相似文献   

胰腺癌患者血清中巨噬细胞因子-1、糖链抗原19-9、糖链抗原242及癌胚抗原的检测分析

目的 探讨血清巨噬细胞因子-1（MIC-1）、糖链抗原（CA）19-9 、CA242及癌胚抗原（CEA）在胰腺癌中的应用价值.方法 分析129例胰腺癌患者和120例健康体检者4项肿瘤标志物的检测结果,计算各肿瘤标志物组合方式对提高胰腺癌诊断的作用.结果 胰腺癌患者血清中各项肿瘤标志物的水平与对照组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.MIC-1＋CA19-9组合的敏感性与单项检测敏感性最高的MIC-1比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;MIC-1＋CA19-9组合的特异性与单项检测特异性最高的CA19-9比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）.Ⅲ~Ⅳ期胰腺癌患者血清CA19-9、CA242水平与Ⅰ~Ⅱ期比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.结论 4项肿瘤标志物的检测对胰腺癌的诊断均有一定的价值,MIC-1＋CA19-9联合检测可提高诊断的敏感性,同时未降低其特异性.CA19-9、CA242对判断胰腺癌的预后有一定价值.     

血清肿瘤标志物在五种消化系统肿瘤诊断中的价值

目的评价12种血清肿瘤标志物在不同消化系统肿瘤中的临床诊断价值。方法研究对象包括直肠癌、结肠癌、胃癌、肝癌以及胰腺癌五种消化系统肿瘤患者共149例,健康人群299例。流式荧光发光法检测12种肿瘤标志物(AFP、CA125、CYFRA21、CA242、CEA、f-βHCG、NSE、t-PSA、f-PSA、CA19-9、SCCA、CA15-3)在这5种消化系统肿瘤中的水平。结果 CYFRA21与CA19-9在所有肿瘤患者中检出率相对较高;CA19-9以及CA242在胰腺癌中的灵敏度极高;CYFRA21+CA242+CEA+NSE+CA19-9联合检测可有效提高直肠癌的检出率,CA125+CYFRA21+CA242+CEA+NSE+CA19-9联合检测可提高胰腺癌的检出率,CA125+CYFRA21+CA19-9联合检测可提高胃癌的检出率,CA242+CEA+NSE+CA19-9+CYFRA21联和检测可提高结肠癌的检出率,AFP+CA125+CYFRA21+CA242+CEA+NSE+CA19-9联合检测可提高肝癌的检出率。结论多种标志物适当组合之后联合检测可有效提高特定肿瘤的检出率,具有一定的临床参考价值。     

43例胰腺癌患者血清CA19-9、CA125、CEA水平检测及分析

目的 探讨血清肿瘤标志物CA19-9、CA125及癌胚抗原（CEA）联合检测对胰腺癌诊断及疗效监测的价值.方法 采用全自动电化学发光分析仪测定43例胰腺癌患者（胰腺癌组）及40例健康查体者（对照组）血清CA19-9、CA125及CEA水平,其中胰腺癌组手术前及术后1个月各测定1次;根据试剂厂家提供的参考值计算三种标志物诊断胰腺癌的敏感性、特异性及准确性.结果 胰腺癌组手术前后血清CA19-9、CA125及CEA水平均显著高于对照组（P＜0.01）,尤以术前为著（P＜0.05）;三种肿瘤标志物术后阳性率均显著低于术前（P＜0.05）,联合检测上述三种肿瘤标志物诊断胰腺癌的敏感性、特异性及准确性均显著高于单一标志物检测（P＜0.05）. 结论联合检测血清CA19-9、CA125、CEA水平对胰腺癌的辅助诊断、疗效判定、病情监测等均有重要价值.     

The immunoneuroendocrine role of melatonin

Abstract: A tight, physiological link between the pineal gland and the immune system is emerging from a series of experimental studies. This link might reflect the evolutionary connection between self-recognition and reproduction. Pinealectomy or other experimental methods which inhibit melatonin synthesis and secretion induce a state of immunodepression which is counteracted by melatonin. In general, melatonin seems to have an immunoenhancing effect that is particularly apparent in immunodepressive states. The negative effect of acute stress or immunosuppressive pharmacological treatments on various immune parameters are counteracted by melatonin. It seems important to note that one of the main targets of melatonin is the thymus, i.e., the central organ of the immune system. The clinical use of melatonin as an immunotherapeutic agent seems promising in primary and secondary immunodeficiencies as well as in cancer immunotherapy. The immunoenhancing action of melatonin seems to be mediated by T-helper cell-derived opioid peptides as well as by lymphokines and, perhaps, by pituitary hormones. Melatonin-induced-immuno-opioids (MHO) and lymphokines imply the presence of specific binding sites or melatonin receptors on cells of the immune system. On the other hand, lymphokines such as -γ-interferon and interleukin-2 as well as thymic hormones can modulate the synthesis of melatonin in the pineal gland. The pineal gland might thus be viewed as the crux of a sophisticated immunoneuroendocrine network which functions as an unconscious, diffuse sensory organ.     

Changes in connexin43, the gap junction protein of astrocytes, during development of the rat pineal gland

Abstract: The abundance of gap junctions between rat pineal astrocytes formed by connexin43 (Cx43) was studied during development. Levels and distribution of Cx43 were measured by immunoblotting and indirect immunofluorescence, respectively. The amount of Cx43 in cells located within the gland was low until about the 7th postnatal day and increased to adult values between the 14th and 21st days postpartum. Although astrocytes, recognized by their vimentin immunoreactivity, were scarce before birth, they were abundant by the 7th postnatal day suggesting that the low levels of Cx43 found at this age corresponded to a low expression of this protein. Localization of the immunoreactivity to Cx43 and vimentin showed a close correlation, indicating that mature or immature pineal astrocytes form gap junctions made of Cx43. Since Cx43 levels attained their adult values at about the time the innervation and the functional state of the gland reached maturity (2–3 weeks after birth), it is proposed that astrocyte gap junctions are involved in the function of the adult rat pineal gland.     

Response of rat pineal melatonin to calcium, magnesium, and lithium is circadian stage dependent

Abstract: Herein we documented the response of pineal melatonin production to electrolytes known to be effective on pineal function in view of a possible circadian stage dependence. We studied the release of melatonin by perifused rat pineal glands at 2 different circadian stages corresponding to the middle of the light and dark periods, i.e., respectively, 7 and 19 HALO (Hours After Light Onset, L:D = 12:12). The initial efflux rates were, as expected, much higher in the perifusates of glands removed from rats sacrificed during the dark phase than of those removed during the light phase. After 3 hr of perifusion, melatonin release reached similar levels which were found constant up to the 8th hr of perifusion, whatever the circadian stage. Perifusion of the glands with physiological concentrations for the rat of calcium (5.2 mmol/1) and magnesium (1.34 mmol/1) resulted in a stimulatory effect on the pineal glands removed from rats sacrificed in the middle of the dark period (19 HALO), whereas no effects were observed on the pineal glands removed from rats sacrificed during the light (7 HALO). Lithium (0.28 and 0.55 mmol/1) was ineffective on melatonin release in pineal glands removed 7 and 19 HALO. Our results show differences in the initial efflux rates of melatonin and in the response of perifused pineal glands to calcium and magnesium according to the circadian stage.     

Conservative management of perforated duodenal diverticulum： A case report and review of the literature

Duodenal diverticula are a relatively common condition. They are asymptomatic, unless they become complicated, with perforation being the rarest but most severe complication. Surgical treatment is the most frequently performed approach. We report the case of a patient with a perforated duodenal diverticulum, which was diagnosed early and treated conservatively with antibiotics and percutaneous drainage of secondary retroperitoneal abscesses. We suggest this method could be an acceptable option for the management of similar cases, provided that the patient is in good general condition and without septic signs.     

Presence of immunoreactive growth hormone and prolactin in the ovine pineal gland

Abstract: The use of antisera raised against bovine growth hormone (GH) and ovine prolactin (PRL) enabled the detection of related immunoreactive (ir) sequences of proteins in ovine pineal tissue. The isolation of PRL-like ir-material was accomplished using a 0.25 M ammonium sulphate (pH 5.5) extraction followed by ethanol precipitation, whereas the resulting 2.0 M ammonium sulphate (pH 7.0) precipitate contained a GH-like immunoreactivity. Gel chromatography of the GH-like immunoreactivity (Sephadex G-100) indicated the presence of several GH-like fragments ranging in the M_r range of 7,000 to 55,000. Analyses of the PRL-like ir-material found in pineal tissue on HPLC using a TSK 545-DEAE column led to the resolution into a single peak of immunoreactivity. A single peak of activity was also observed following chromatofocusing and hydrophobic interaction chromatography of the ir-peak from the TSK 545-DEAE column. The PRL-like ir-material inhibited the binding of [¹²⁵I]ovine PRL-S14 to anti-ovine PRL antibodies without showing an affinity for binding to anti-rat PRL or anti-bovine GH antibodies. Scatchard analysis of the binding of pineal PRL-like ir-material and pituitary ovine PRL-S14 to liver membranes from day-20 pregnant rats revealed similar affinity constants (K_a of 4.7 ± 0.2 × 10⁹ M^-1). In addition, the replication of Nb 2 Node rat lymphoma cells was stimulated by pineal PRL-like ir-material, an effect known to be specific for lactogenic hormones. The pineal PRL-like immunoreactivity appeared on sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gels as a single major band of M_r 24,000. The functional status of PRL-and GH-like ir-material in the ovine pineal remains to be determined, but evidence is presented that the overall protein synthesis rate of the rat pineal responded to circulating concentrations of PRL.     

Microbiology of human immunodeficiency virus anorectal disease

PURPOSE: Individuals who are seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus are at high risk for opportunistic infection and anorectal disorders. Little prospective information is available regarding anorectal pathogens in these patients. METHODS: One hundred sixty-three HIV-seropositive patients presented to the colorectal clinic between 1989 and 1992. Forty-seven (29 percent) patients were thought to have an infectious process and were prospectively studied using a standardized multiculture protocol. RESULTS: Mean age was 33 (range, 19–59) years. All were male; high-risk behavior accounted for 87 percent of HIV transmissions. Presenting complaints included anorectal pain (79 percent), pus per anum (28 percent), and blood per anum (26 percent). Examination revealed perianal tenderness (60 percent), condyloma (38 percent), perianal ulcers (38 percent), and anal fissures (34 percent). Sixty-six sets of cultures were performed; 28 patients had one set, 15 had two sets, and 4 had three sets. Thirty-two of these 47 patients (68 percent) had positive cultures including herpes (50 percent), cytomegalovirus (25 percent),Neisseria gonorrhoeae (16 percent), chlamydia (16 percent), acidfast bacilli (2 percent), and others (9 percent). Six of 32 patients with positive cultures had more than one organism cultured. Sixteen (50 percent) patients with positive cultures were treated medically, 8 (25 percent) were treated surgically and 8 (25 percent) were treated with both modalities. Sixty-one procedures were performed on 17 patients for condylomata. Eighteen patients had 20 procedures for abscesses, 50 percent of whom had positive cultures for other than common bowel flora; all improved. Fourteen patients underwent 33 procedures for perianal fistulas.Mycobacterium fortuitum was cultured from one patient who required 13 procedures for abscesses and fistulas. Forty-five (96 percent) patients were followed for an average of 12.5 months ±2.9 SEM (range, 1–94 months). Symptoms were improved or resolved in 22 of 32 (69 percent) patients with positive cultures and in 11 of 13 (84 percent) with negative cultures. CONCLUSIONS: Specific pathogens may often be identified in human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive patients with anorectal disorders if aggressively sought. Although patients without specific pathogens identified may be expected to improve with planned empiric treatment, positive identification allows more directed therapy.