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目的了解医学生对婚前性行为的态度、性行为安全意识及性别差异。方法随机整群抽样选取某医学院2009、2010级学生1 149名,匿名自填问卷完成调查。结果男、女学生获取艾滋病(AIDS)知识和性健康知识主要来自电视、报纸杂志,最希望的途径是学校性健康教育和自学。34.12%的学生反对婚前性行为,女生显著高于男生;60.66%的学生介意未来配偶曾经的婚前性行为,并无性别差异。10.53%的学生已有过性行为,男生显著高于女生,安全性行为意识较差。结论男、女生在婚前性行为现状、对待婚前性行为态度及安全性行为意向等多个方面有差异。 相似文献
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应用流行病学方法对合肥市1599名中专生的性心理状况作了一次横断面调查。结果表明:男生首次遗精年龄平均15.18±1.67岁;女生月经初潮年龄平均13.98±1.21岁;生源不同,月经初潮年龄不同;独生子女的平均初潮年龄早于非独生子女;中专生恋爱率男生为32.4%,女生为19.8%;婚前性行为,男2.9%,女0.28%;半数以上学生对手淫是否有害、无害的回答为不清楚,相当部分学生对手淫的认识不当;部分学生存在异常性心理行为表现。提示:青少年学生早期的性教育对培养其正常性心理、性行为及其身心健康有重要意义。 相似文献
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Background Sexual and reproductive health among adolescents have become increasingly important and aroused international concerns. In this study, we investigate sexual knowledge, attitudes, sexual behaviors, the unwanted pregnancy and the abortion rate and to explore related determinants among college students in Beijing.
Methods This study is based on a cross-sectional survey of college students’ knowledge, attitudes and behavior. Multistage cluster sampling was used to select subjects in Beijing. The self-questionnaire designed by our research group including general information, knowledge, attitude and behavior about sexuality was used to collect information. A total of 2003 questionnaires were collected from June to July 2010.
Results The data showed that most of the college students lacked knowledge about reproductive health. Only 17.9% of the respondents knew the appropriate time of abortion. Data also showed that the respondents had high-risk attitude about sex, 58.7% could accept premarital sex, and 29.7% had negative attitude towards contraception. Moreover, sexual activity of the respondents was active. Data showed that 18.5% of the respondents had had sexual activities. Significantly more boys than girls had sex (χ2=73.374, P <0.001). Among the boys and girls who reported sexual history, 43.1% of the boys had impregnated girlfriend and 49.3% of the girls among those people who have sex had unwanted pregnancies. Logistic regression analysis showed that the variables the gender (OR=3.12, 95% CI: 2.39–4.11), grade (OR=1.78, 95% CI: 1.40–2.26), specialty (OR=1.35, 95% CI: 1.12–1.74), family situation (OR=1.66, 95% CI: 1.15–2.38), score of knowledge (OR=0.74, 95% CI: 0.58–0.95) and attitude to sex activity (OR=0.09, 95% CI: 0.04–0.22) had a significant effect on having sexual behavior.
Conclusions College students lack knowledge and methods to avoid risky sexual behaviors in Beijing. College students have high-risk sexual attitude and behaviors. Therefore, suitable and effective sex health measures to protect college students would be strongly recommended.
相似文献5.
侯建林 《中华医学教育探索杂志》2024,23(5):577-581
全球卫生教育是一个以跨国因素直接或间接引起的健康问题为重点的教育领域。目前,全球卫生教育迅速发展,国外高校纷纷设立全球卫生教育机构,开展通识教育、学位项目教育和非学位项目教育等形式多样的全球卫生教育,并且采取了提供经济资助、学分认定等扶持性措施。借鉴国际经验,我国在医学教育改革中应该支持并推动全球卫生教育的发展,加强高校全球卫生教育机构建设,鼓励开展形式多样的全球卫生教育活动,并提高全球卫生教育的国际化程度。 相似文献
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Objective To promote healthy sexual behaviour among rural college youth.
Methods The intervention study consisted a sample of 1 500 (800 male and 700female) in baseline and 1 953 (1 022 male and 931 female) college going students in post intervention, in the age groups 15-24 years from 8 colleges in Thane district of Maharashtra. The interventions included dissemination of lEC (Information, Education and Communication), counselling in colleges and provision of health care services at rural health centers in the experimental area. Male and female teachers and peer leaders were trained to provide IEC. Chi-square test was carried out to find out the association between contributing factors and sexual behaviour.
Results Post intervention results showed that overall any sexual experience (coital/ non-coital) increased by 2.6% and 1.0% among male students and 4.6% and 0.8% among female students in control and experimental groups respectively which suggests that in the control area physical closeness and sexual relationship has increased between sexes. A significant improvement was noted in the usage of condom during their sexual intercourse in experimental group. The provision of IEC in college settings, peer leader training and orientation to teachers helped students and teachers to initiate a dialogue on reproductive health issues. Intervention programs helped college youth to develop the skills, make informed decisions about engaging in sexual intercourse and using contraceptives in a social context that sometimes encourages risky sexual behaviour. The study found that peer interaction was exposure to erotic material; habits and working status among boys and peer interaction and place of study among girls were closely associated with their coital and non-coital sex experience.
Conclusion A scientifically developed, need based and demand driven reproductive health service package for male and female students in colleges can help them to develop their knowledge, skills and attitudes for critical 相似文献
Methods The intervention study consisted a sample of 1 500 (800 male and 700female) in baseline and 1 953 (1 022 male and 931 female) college going students in post intervention, in the age groups 15-24 years from 8 colleges in Thane district of Maharashtra. The interventions included dissemination of lEC (Information, Education and Communication), counselling in colleges and provision of health care services at rural health centers in the experimental area. Male and female teachers and peer leaders were trained to provide IEC. Chi-square test was carried out to find out the association between contributing factors and sexual behaviour.
Results Post intervention results showed that overall any sexual experience (coital/ non-coital) increased by 2.6% and 1.0% among male students and 4.6% and 0.8% among female students in control and experimental groups respectively which suggests that in the control area physical closeness and sexual relationship has increased between sexes. A significant improvement was noted in the usage of condom during their sexual intercourse in experimental group. The provision of IEC in college settings, peer leader training and orientation to teachers helped students and teachers to initiate a dialogue on reproductive health issues. Intervention programs helped college youth to develop the skills, make informed decisions about engaging in sexual intercourse and using contraceptives in a social context that sometimes encourages risky sexual behaviour. The study found that peer interaction was exposure to erotic material; habits and working status among boys and peer interaction and place of study among girls were closely associated with their coital and non-coital sex experience.
Conclusion A scientifically developed, need based and demand driven reproductive health service package for male and female students in colleges can help them to develop their knowledge, skills and attitudes for critical 相似文献
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目的:了解当代大学生性健康知识和性行为的相关情况。方法:采用性健康知识量表和性相关行为问卷测量安徽、四川两地大学生性健康知识和性相关行为情况,数据采用SPSS 16.0统计软件包进行统计分析。结果:两地大学生性健康知识较为匮乏,表现为女生明显低于男生;性相关行为活跃呈多样性趋势,男生显著活跃于女生、同性性接触、强迫性关系等表现。结论:中国大学生急需性健康知识教育,尤其需侧重女大学生性知识健康知识教育及男大学生性健康行为教育,同时应关注性和性别多样性、性别教育、性与法律和性与社会教育。 相似文献
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通过总结历代对“子咳”的论述及认识,阐明了“子咳”的病因病机,结合当今医学的研究进展,指出“子咳”产生的生理病理基础。结合临床提出“子咳”的辨证分型及治疗方法,并提供有效的治疗经验。指出并探究与“子咳”相关中医理论的重要性及对临床的指导意义。 相似文献
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622名吸毒者艾滋病相关知识及性行为调查 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
目的:了解宁夏吸毒人员有关艾滋病知识及性行为特征。方法:采用匿名自填问卷方式对在宁夏某戒毒所内戒毒的622名吸毒者进行了调查。结果:59.6%~82.7%的吸毒者知道艾滋病的三大传播途径,41.0%的吸毒者认为携带了艾滋病病毒后一定有症状,5.9%的吸毒者认为自己得艾滋病的可能性很大,68.2%的吸毒者想获得艾滋病知识;95.7%的吸毒者曾有过性行为,61.3%的已婚者有婚外性行为,95.4%有婚前性行为,5.5%有同性性行为,74.6%有多性伴行为;58.8%为口吸毒品,2.9%为静脉注射,38.3%为口吸混合静脉注射;19.9%的吸毒者表示出戒毒所后不会再吸毒。结论:宁夏吸毒人员有关艾滋病知识和性行为情况不容乐观,应引起有关部门的重视,及早做好艾滋病的预防工作。 相似文献
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目的 针对目前医疗资源紧张、患者数量巨大、就诊困难的医疗状况,设立由医学生初诊的教授预约门诊,鼓励医学生完成门诊辅助工作,实现坚持以患者为中心原则的同时对医学生进行个性化教学的目的.方法 在北京大学第三医院眼科中心设立65岁以上老年患者的教授预约门诊,由硕士研究生教育阶段临床医学专业学生先做出临床初步诊断、实施相关辅助检查,并为患者预约相对应的专科教授门诊就诊时间.自2009年3月至2010年12月对教授预约门诊患者进行就诊满意度调查及完成诊断所需要的平均有效就诊次数调查,分析出诊医学生理论考核成绩及多站式考查结果,并对教授预约门诊工作效率进行评估.结果 教授预约门诊的设立大大提高了患者的就诊满意度和出诊效率,同时提高了医学生的考核成绩,锻炼了医学生的临床思维能力,增加了医学生的临床经验.结论 教授预约门诊的设立大大方便了老年患者就诊,降低了患者就诊难度,并使患者完成诊断及治疗的有效就诊次数大大减少,就诊流程更加流畅,做到了以患者为中心.教授预约门诊的开展,为医学生的临床实践设立了一个安全有效的锻炼平台,通过教授完成诊断及对预约门诊书写病例的进一步评估的过程,有利于医学生临床能力锻炼以及个性化培养,同时也是合理、充分利用医疗资源的有效手段. 相似文献
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【目的】了解军队医学生的性行为和性观念情况,为有针对的实施性教育提供依据。【方法】采用问卷调查的方法,对某军队医学院校542名大学生进行性行为和性观念情况进行调查。【结果】不同性别军校医学生的性行为和性观念情况均存在显著性差异,男性性观念比较开放,对于婚前性行为,只有5.1%的男生表示不能接受,而女生有30.2%持此态度;对于多个性伴侣,91.8%的女学生表示绝对不能接受,男生持此态度的占61.2%;男性性行为发生率为30.8%,显著高于女性3.7%,但是女性主动避孕率高于男性。【结论】军队医学生性行为和性观念与性别有关,男性比女性更为开放。 相似文献
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目的:了解4个地区居民自我药疗行为的现状及其特点,分析影响4个地区居民自我药疗行为和自我药疗意愿的主要因素。方法:采用多阶段分层整群抽样的方法,对抽取的北京、西安、成都和昆明4地区4 400户城乡居民进行健康询问调查,选择明确回答半年内是否采取自我药疗行为及是否愿意自我药疗的15岁以上居民(n=8 826),再从中选取无任何缺失项的8 585个居民作为分析对象,以Andersen医疗服务利用框架,采用Logistic回归方法对先决、使能和需要3个层面的相关因素与自我药疗行为和自我药疗意愿的关系进行了实证分析。结果:控制其他变量条件下,25~44岁居民、45~64岁居民、65岁及以上居民采取自我药疗行为的概率分别是参照组(15~24岁居民)的1.52倍(P=0.000)、1.59倍(P=0.000)、1.53倍(P=0.001);城市居民比农村居民更少采取自我药疗行为(P=0.000);半年内至少有1种常见病症的居民采取自我药疗行为的概率是参照组(未有常见病症居民)的10.85倍;患有慢性病居民的自我药疗意愿是参照组(未患有慢性病居民)的1.22倍(P=0.035);半年内至少有1种常见病症居民的自我药疗意愿是... 相似文献
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当代中国自杀及自杀行为流行病学特征及干预 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
自杀是重要的公共卫生问题。中国农村自杀率高于城市,女性自杀率高于男性,但预计未来男性自杀率将超过女性。与西方国家相比,自杀者精神患病率较低。推测自杀行为与自杀一样,为女性发生率高于男性,其中自杀未遂率农村高于城市;但与自杀不同的是年轻人发生率高于老年人。自杀行为的发展过程并非连续性的。自杀行为与冲动性密切相关。未来自杀的预防工作应将青少年、年轻成人和老年男性作为重点对象,并限制自杀工具尤其是农药的易得性、降低自杀工具的致死性,同时应关注农民工人群。 相似文献
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妊娠期梅毒的临床特点及妊娠结局分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的探讨妊娠期梅毒的临床特点及妊娠结局。方法收集延安市人民医院于2008年1月至2012年12月收治的74例妊娠期梅毒孕妇的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 74例妊娠期梅毒孕妇中自然分娩31例,剖宫产43例,其中因胎儿窘迫指征剖宫产25例(33.78%);74例所分娩的新生儿中有48例血清梅毒螺旋体实验均为阴性,6例新生儿螺旋体血凝反应试验阳性,快速血浆反应素试验均为阴性,6例经16个月随访均自然转阴。结论加强宣教,加强产前检查,可以及时发现妊娠期梅毒,妊娠期梅毒经积极治疗可获得较好妊娠结局。 相似文献
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目的了解柳州市性病门诊男性就诊者艾滋病知识知晓率、高危行为和艾滋病性病感染现状,为制定防治策略提供科学依据。方法对2011年柳州市人民医院性病门诊男性就诊者进行问卷调查,并采集3~5ml血清做艾滋病(HIV)、梅毒(TP)检测特异性检测。结果共调查387名性病门诊男性就诊者,平均年龄为40.10岁,艾滋病知识知晓率76.49%,共检测出HIV阳性15例,阳性率为3.88%,检出TP阳性26例,阳性率为6.72%。结论柳州市性病门诊男性就诊者艾滋病防治相关知识水平很低,迫切需要加强对该人群艾滋病防治知识的宣传教育和行为干预,加强控制艾滋病经性途径传播的工作。 相似文献
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目的 分析剖宫产瘢痕妊娠(CSP)的临床特点,探讨不同类型CSP的治疗方式,以为今后临床治疗方案的选择提供依据。方法 回顾性分析2009年1月至2011年9月中国医科大学附属盛京医院诊治的CSP患者185例,统计CSP的临床特点,比较相同手术方式治疗内生型及外生型CSP的差异性,并分析内生型及外生型CSP在不同方式下的治疗结局。 结果 (1)宫腔镜治疗的患者中,内生型CSP术中出血量、住院天数、术后住院时间均少于外生型CSP,差别具有统计学意义(P值分别为0.000,0.027,0.002);(2)清宫术治疗的患者中,内生型CSP的手术时间明显短于外生型CSP,差别具有统计学意义(P =0.004);(3)内生型CSP手术治疗方式中,宫腔镜电切术的术中出血量、手术时间及术后住院时间优于阴式病灶切除术,差异具有统计学意义(P值分别为0.015,0.001,0.021);(4)宫腔镜电切术手术时间少于清宫术、阴式病灶切除术及经腹病灶切除术,差异有统计学意义(P值分别为0.013,0.025,0.00);(5)宫腔镜电切术术中出血量少于清宫术,差异有统计学意义(P=0.035);(6)其他各项比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 内生型CSP选择宫腔镜电切术,可减少手术时间及术中出血量,二次处理的比例相对较低。外生型CSP可进行经腹病灶切除术,减少二次处理的风险,但创伤较大;此外阴式病灶切除术可能成为治疗CSP的一种新的微创治疗方案。 相似文献
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青少年特发性脊柱侧凸(AIS)的发病率女性高于男性。AIS疾病本身及其临床治疗是否会影响妊娠和分娩已成为女性AIS患者和临床医师关注的问题。本文基于女性AIS患者治疗后生育状况的相关文献,总结了腰痛、脊髓麻醉率、分娩方式/剖宫率、性功能、产后抑郁等五个用以评估女性AIS患者治疗后生育状况的指标,列举了评估不同指标所用的测量方法。同时,总结不同研究所得的女性AIS患者治疗后关于腰痛、脊髓麻醉率、分娩方式/剖宫率、性功能、产后抑郁等问题的数据与结论,概述了女性AIS患者治疗后的生育状况。 相似文献
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目的掌握5 000 m以上高原男性军人性知识及性教育情况,为高原部队开展性知识教育提供参考依据。方法采用问卷调查的方式,抽样调查了喀喇昆仑山5 000 m以上高原86名17~29岁男性军人的性知识及性教育情况。结果 (1)分别有68.6%和58.1%的高原军人对男性和女性生殖系统及其构成稍有了解。在了解意愿方面,对自身的了解以非常想(51.2%)为主,而对异性的了解以无所谓为主(58.1%)。(2)获取性知识途径第一位的是学校(47.7%),认为艾滋病是性传播疾病的占84.9%,认可性接触可传播性病的占90.7%,误认为一起淋浴可传染性病的占19.8%,最愿意与朋友一同讨论性知识(74.4%)。(3)88.4%的军人认为目前生活环境对性功能会有影响,选择生育能力的占87.2%,82.6%的军人认为在部队有必要开展性知识讲座,最想了解的内容是性卫生知识(82.6%)。结论 5 000m以上高原男性军人性知识比较缺乏,性教育较为薄弱,需要引起高原边防部队和卫生行政部门共同关注,旨在加强军人的性知识普及和性教育工作,维护边防部队守防任务的顺利完成。 相似文献