应用多普勒导丝技术研究内乳动脉与冠状动脉前降支血流动力学

目的 比较内乳动脉(IMA)与冠状动脉前降支(LAD)相关血流动力学参数。方法应用血管内多普勒导丝记录22例患者IMA和LAD的平均峰值流速(APV)、舒张收缩流速比(DSVR),造影测量血管直径(D),计算血流量(F)。结果IMA的APV和DSVR与LAD相比有明显差别[分别为(38±12)cm/s VS(23±7)cm/s,P<0.001;0.6±0.3VS 2.4±1.1,P<0.001)];IMA的D和F明显低于LAD[分别为(2.3±0.4)cm vs(3.2±1.1)cm,P<0.05;(90±12)ml/min vs(260±12)ml/min,P<0.001]。结论IMA收缩期供血为主,血流量小;而LAD舒张期供血为主,血流量大。     

多普勒导丝评价猪急性冠状动脉闭塞侧支循环状态及硝酸甘油的影响

目的应用冠状动脉内多普勒导丝评价猪冠状动脉急性闭塞后侧支循环状况及硝酸甘油对其的影响.方法使用冠状动脉内多普勒导丝测定14头小型家猪正常状态及左回旋支急性闭塞后远端血管的血流频谱,并观察冠状动脉内应用硝酸甘油对其的影响.结果急性闭塞左回旋支远端的平均峰值流速(APV)明显低于正常[(0.97±1.05)cm/svs.(25.78±4.36)cm/s,P<0.01];应用硝酸甘油后梗死相关血管(IRA)血流呈现逆向或双向,APV绝对值较用药前明显增加[(0.97±1.05)cm/svs.(8.32±1.53)cm/s,P<0.01];闭塞后90 min基础及重复用药后APV分别为(0.99±1.14)cm/s和(9.02±1.47)cm/s,较闭塞即刻差异均无统计学意义.结论多普勒导丝可用来评价冠状动脉侧支循环,猪急性冠状动脉闭塞时侧支循环自身建立不足,硝酸甘油可明显增加冠状动脉侧支循环血流.     

瑞舒伐他汀对冠状动脉慢血流患者冠状动脉贮备功能和超敏C反应蛋白的影响

目的:探讨长期瑞舒伐他汀治疗对冠状动脉慢血流患者冠脉贮备功能(CFR)和超敏C反应蛋白(hsCRP)的影响。方法:选择冠状动脉造影正常但存在冠脉慢血流的患者48例,所有患者随机分为试药组和对照组,对照组(22例)予常规治疗,试药组(26例)在常规治疗基础上加用瑞舒伐他汀20 mg/d,治疗期为6个月。治疗前后测定两组患者的血脂,hsCRP,利用腺苷负荷超声记录左前降支远端血流频谱评评价CFR。结果:经过6个月瑞舒伐他汀的治疗后,试药组总胆固醇(TC)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)较对照组明显下降,[TC:(3.2±0.9)mmol/Lvs.(5.4±1.2)mmol/L,P<0.05;LDL-C:(2.1±0.7)mmol/L vs.(3.4±0.8)mmol/L,P<0.05]。hsCRP较对照组明显下降[(2.1±1.4)mg/L vs.(3.7±2.1)mg/L,P<0.05]。试药组静息冠脉血流速度(bCFV)较对照组和治疗前显著下降[(21±6)cm/s vs.(26±5)cm/s和(21±6)cm/s vs.(25±7)cm/s,P<0.05],而最大冠状动脉扩张状态hCFV较对照组和治疗前增加[(71±9)cm/s vs.(56±8)cm/s和(71±9)cm/s vs.(56±10)cm/s,P<0.05],冠状动脉血流储备CFR较对照组和治疗前明显增加[(3.2±0.6)cm/s vs.(2.1±0.5)cm/s和(3.2±0.6)cm/s vs.(2.2±0.4)cm/s,P<0.05)]。结论:冠状动脉慢血流患者经过瑞舒伐他汀治疗可以有效改善冠脉贮备功能。     

冠状动脉内多普勒技术评价急性冬眠心肌动物模型冠状动脉血流动力学特点

目的　闭胸法建立急性冬眠心肌动物模型 ,评价其冠状动脉 (冠脉 )血流动力学特点。方法　将 13只小型中国家猪制备成急性冬眠心肌模型 ,采用冠脉内多普勒技术检测模型制备前后、有效复灌后冠脉平均峰值流速 (APV)、舒张收缩流速比值 (DSVR)、冠脉血流速度储备 (CFVR)等指标的变化。处死实验动物 ,对心肌行病理观察。结果　 10只实验动物 (76 92 %)成功制备成模型 ,病理检查未见心肌细胞坏死。急性冬眠心肌动物模型相关冠脉狭窄远端的APV、CFVR均明显低于正常水平 [(4 5 6± 2 2 3)cm svs (2 2 13± 7 99)cm s,P <0 0 1];[(0 95± 0 2 2 )vs (2 37± 0 4 2 ) ,P <0 0 1],复灌后均明显改善 [(10 14± 2 11)cm svs (4 5 6± 2 2 3)cm s ,P <0 0 1];[(1 34± 0 19)vs (0 95± 0 2 2 ) ,P <0 0 1],但仍明显低于正常水平 (P <0 0 1) ,DSVR始终无明显改变。结论　急性冬眠心肌动物模型相关冠脉的APV、CFVR明显降低 ,有效的复灌在早期可使冠脉循环得到一定程度的改善。     

瓣膜替换或成形术同期行冠状动脉旁路移植术的临床分析

目的　经皮冠状动脉成形术 (PTCA)与支架术都可有效的恢复冠状动脉狭窄引起的冠状动脉血流异常。采用冠状动脉内多普勒血流速度描记技术评价PTCA及支架在恢复冠状动脉血流作用上的特点及差异。方法　冠心病患者 2 1例 (男 18例 ,女 3例 ) ,平均年龄 (6 4.1± 5 .4)岁 ,对 2 3支狭窄的冠状动脉 (左前降支 15支 ,右冠状动脉 6支 ,左回旋支 2支 )行PTCA之后置入支架 2 1枚。分别在介入治疗前及PTCA术后、支架术后采用多普勒导丝描记技术分别记录狭窄近端和远端的平均峰值流速 (averagepeakvelocity ,APV) ,狭窄近、远端血流速度比 (proximalanddistalratioofpeakvelocity,p/DVR)及冠状动脉血流储备(coronaryflowreserve ,CFR)。结果　 2 3支冠状动脉的平均狭窄率PTCA术前为 88.5 % (6 0 .3%～ 97.5 % ) ,术后为 37.2 % (17.5 %～ 6 8.3% ) ,置入支架 (2 1支冠状动脉 )后为 0 .7% (- 2 .1%～ 7.4% )。 2 0支冠状动脉获得完整的多普勒导丝检查资料 ,结果显示 :PTCA术后狭窄远端APV及充分血相APV、CFR明显高于术前 [(2 0 .7± 6 .4)cm/svs (12 .8± 6 .0 )cm/s,(31.8± 15 .4)cm/svs (14.6± 9.1)cm/s ,1.8± 0 .4vs1.3± 0 .4,P均 <0 .0 5 ],狭窄近端APV、P/DVR较术前分别有增高或下降趋势 ,但差别均无统计学     

多普勒血流速度测定评价冠状动脉成形术与支架术的疗效

目的　经皮冠状动脉成形术(PTCA)与支架术都可有效的恢复冠状动脉狭窄引起的冠状动脉血流异常。采用冠状动脉内多普勒血流速度描记技术评价PTCA及支架在恢复冠状动脉血流作用上的特点及差异。方法　冠心病患者2 1例(男18例,女3例) ,平均年龄(6 4.1±5 .4)岁,对2 3支狭窄的冠状动脉(左前降支15支,右冠状动脉6支,左回旋支2支)行PTCA之后置入支架2 1枚。分别在介入治疗前及PTCA术后、支架术后采用多普勒导丝描记技术分别记录狭窄近端和远端的平均峰值流速(averagepeakvelocity ,APV) ,狭窄近、远端血流速度比(proximalanddistalratioofpeakvelocity,p/DVR)及冠状动脉血流储备(coronaryflowreserve ,CFR)。结果　2 3支冠状动脉的平均狭窄率PTCA术前为88.5 % (6 0 .3%～97.5 % ) ,术后为37.2 % (17.5 %～6 8.3% ) ,置入支架(2 1支冠状动脉)后为0 .7% (- 2 .1%～7.4% )。2 0支冠状动脉获得完整的多普勒导丝检查资料,结果显示:PTCA术后狭窄远端APV及充分血相APV、CFR明显高于术前[(2 0 .7±6 .4)cm/svs (12 .8±6 .0 )cm/s,(31.8±15 .4)cm/svs (14.6±9.1)cm/s ,1.8±0 .4vs1.3±0 .4,P均<0 .0 5 ],狭窄近端APV、P/DVR较术前分别有增高或下降趋势,但差别均无统计学意义(P>0 .0 5 )。置入支架后上述指标进一步改善,P/DVR明显下降。与PTCA术后比较,充血相APV增加至(49.1±15 .5 )cm/s,CFR增加至2 .2±0 .6 (P均<0 .0 5 ) ,狭窄近端及远端APF有进一步增高趋势,但无统计学意义(P<0 .0 5 )。结论　PT CA可使狭窄远端的基础、充血相血流速度及CFR明显增加,但P/VDR下降不明显,置入支架可进一步增加狭窄远端充血相血流速度及CFR ,并使P/VDR明显下降。采用冠状动脉内血流速度描记技术可以更精确地评价PTCA术及支架术的急性期治疗效果。     

心肌桥对冠状动脉血流储备的影响

目的　探讨心肌桥对冠状动脉血流储备的影响。方法　对 16例经冠状动脉造影诊断有心肌桥者作冠状动脉内多普勒检查 ,观察并记录壁冠状动脉及其远近段血流图形及特点 ,壁冠状动脉远段、近段的基础平均峰值流速 (bAPV)和充血平均峰值流速 (hAPV) ,分别计算出壁冠状动脉远段、近段的血流储备 (CFR)并予比较 ,作配对t检验。CFR定义为冠状动脉相同节段hAPV和bAPV的比值。结果　 16例患者的心肌桥均位于左前降支 ,其壁冠状动脉多普勒频谱血流图形呈特征性的舒张早期指尖样变化 ,壁冠状动脉近段和远段bAPV无明显差异 [(18 8± 9 2 )cm/s比 (17 5± 7 8)cm/s,P>0 0 5 ],而hAPV的增加明显高于其远段 [(5 5 5± 19 5 )cm/s比 (4 1 1± 17 9)cm/s,P <0 0 5 ]。壁冠状动脉近段CFR明显高于其远段 (3 13± 1 15比 2 38± 0 76 ,P <0 0 1)。结论　心肌桥使壁冠状动脉的多普勒血流图形呈特征性指尖样现象 ,其远段CFR下降 ,低于其近段值     

组织多普勒成像评价血压昼夜节律变异对左心室舒张功能的影响

目的探讨血压昼夜节律变异对左心室舒张功能的影响。方法31例非杓型高血压患者(非杓型组)和31例年龄、性别相匹配的杓型高血压患者(杓型组)入选。两组患者均行24 h动态血压监测和组织多普勒成像(DTI)检查。结果两组日间平均收缩压和平均舒张压无显著性差异,非杓型组的夜间平均收缩压和平均舒张压均显著高于杓型组[(145.1±34.5)mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)vs(127.9±18.1)mm Hg,(94.2±38.1)mm Hgvs(78.5±18.2)mm Hg,P<0.05]。心脏超声检查显示两组在心腔内径、室壁厚度和左心室射血分数等参数无显著性差异,DTI结果显示非杓型组的平均组织舒张早期速度(MEa)、MEa/平均组织舒张晚期速度(MAa)显著低于杓型组[(5.9±2.1)cm/svs(7.8±3.1)cm/s,(0.68±0.56)cm/svs(0.95±0.39)cm/s,P<0.05和P<0.01)];非杓型组的MAa较杓型组明显升高[(9.5±2.8)cm/svs(8.6±1.7)cm/s,P<0.01]。结论血压昼夜节律变异可加重左心室舒张功能受损。对于存在血压昼夜节律变异的高血压患者应尽早诊断,积极治疗和加强随访。     

多巴酚丁胺对心肌桥-壁冠状动脉血流动力学的作用

目的探讨运动对心肌桥患者血流动力学的影响。方法观察8例心肌桥患者在静脉滴注多巴酚丁胺前后壁冠状动脉受压程度的变化,并运用腔内多普勒技术观察壁冠状动脉的基础峰值血流速率(bAPV)、最大峰值血流速率(hAPV)、冠状动脉血流储备(CFR)的变化。结果多巴酚丁胺使壁冠状动脉受压程度由用药前的平均(51.7±21.4)%增加至(90.0±12.7)%,P<0.01;壁冠状动脉近段和远段的 hAPV 分别由(19.83±5.84)cm/s 和(20.75±4.91)cm/s 增加至(31.52±10.93)cm/s 和(30.46±9.01)cm/s;壁冠状动脉近段和远段的 CFR 分别由(2.91±0.62和2.46±0.82,P<0.05)下降至(2.17±0.66和1.83±0.51,P 均<0.01)。结论运动可能使壁冠状动脉受压程度增加,CFR 显著下降。     

微血管性心绞痛冠状动脉血流速度与内皮损伤的研究

目的　通过冠状动脉血流多普勒检测 ,探讨微血管病变患者的冠状动脉血流速度及其与血管内皮损伤、局部微血栓的关系。方法　对有胸痛而冠状动脉造影正常的 16例患者的 43支血管 (右冠状动脉 14支 ,左前降支 15支 ,左回旋支 14支 )行冠状动脉内多普勒超声血流检查 ,记录基础血流参数和充血相血流参数 ,同时记录冠状动脉血流速率储备 (CFVR)。以CFVR 2 5为标准 ,分为正常组 (A组 )和微血管病变组 (B组 ) ,比较二组的冠状动脉血流速度参数及血浆血管性假血友病因子(vWF)的差异。结果　A组包括 7例患者的 19支血管 ,B组包括 9例患者的 2 4支血管。A组的基础平均峰值流速 (bAPV)显著小于B组 [(17 7± 4 8)vs (2 0 9± 5 4)cm s ,P <0 0 0 1];而充血相平均峰值流速 (hAPV)A组显著大于B组 [(5 1 0± 13 3)vs (4 2 5± 11 3)cm s ,P <0 0 5 ];A组的CFVR显著大于B组 [(2 9± 0 5 )vs (2 0± 0 3) ,P <0 0 0 1];A组的血浆vWF显著小于B组 [(112 5± 2 7 5 ) %vs(173 2± 40 8) % ,P <0 0 5 ]。结论　微血管病变患者的基础平均峰血流速度显著增大 ,而充血相平均峰血流速度显著减小 ,可能与冠状动脉内皮损伤及局部微血栓形成有关。     

经胸多普勒超声心动图冠状动脉显像技术对单纯左前降支狭窄患者血流动力学的研究

目的 以冠状动脉造影(CAG)为金标准,应用经胸多普勒超声心动图冠状动脉显像技术(TTDE-CFI)探讨单纯左前降支(LAD)不同狭窄程度的血流参数改变.方法 选取我院2016年10月至2018年10月入院患者75例,并于CAG前2 h行TTDE-CFI检查,记录LAD中远段血流信号频谱,测量收缩期峰值流速(PSV)、舒张期峰值流速(PDV)、舒张期平均流速(MDV)、舒张期加速度(DAR)、舒张期减速度(DDR)、舒张期速度时间积分(DVTI)和舒张期与收缩期峰值流速比值(DSVR).根据CAG结果,取CAG正常者27例(对照组),单纯LAD狭窄率在50%~75%患者25例(A组)、单纯LAD狭窄大于75%患者23例(B组),回顾性分析不同程度单纯LAD狭窄患者冠状动脉支架置入术前血流动力学参数改变情况.结果 对照组LAD远端多普勒超声心动图显示为红色前向血流,LAD狭窄患者显示红色或五彩湍流血流.三组之间PDV、MDV、DAR、DDR、DVTI、DSVR比较均有统计学意义[(0.28±0.03)m/s比(0.43±0.17)m/s比(0.67±0.15)m/s、(0.24±0.08)m/s比(0.43±0.17)m/s比(0.61±0.13)m/s、(3.41±1.67)m/s2比(5.52±1.91)m/s2比(8.74±2.23)m/s2、(0.36±0.14)m/s2比(0.52±0.21)m/s2比(0.91±0.36)m/s2、(0.08±0.04)m比(0.17±0.03)m比(0.26±0.12)m、1.62±0.41比2.72±0.56比3.97±0.75,P<0.05],而三组之间PSV比较均无统计学意义[(0.14±0.03)m/s比(0.15±0.02)m/s比(0.15±0.03)m/s,P>0.05].结论 TTDE-CFI技术是诊断和评价冠状动脉狭窄程度的一种无创、简单、重复性较高的新方法.     

Transthoracic Doppler echocardiographic coronary flow imaging in identification of left anterior descending coronary artery stenosis in patients with left bundle branch block

Background: Conventional noninvasive methods have well‐known limitations for the detection of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with left bundle branch block (LBBB). However, advancements in Doppler echocardiography permit transthoracic imaging of coronary flow velocities (CFV) and measurement of coronary flow reserve (CFR). Our aim was to evaluate the diagnostic value of transthoracic CFR measurements for detection of significant left anterior descending (LAD) stenosis in patients with LBBB and compare it to that of myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (MPS). Methods: Simultaneous transthoracic CFR measurements and MPS were analyzed in 44 consecutive patients with suspected CAD and permanent LBBB. Typical diastolic predominant phasic CFV Doppler spectra of distal LAD were obtained at rest and during a two‐step (0.56–0.84 mg/kg) dipyridamole infusion protocol. CFR was defined as the ratio of peak hyperemic velocities to the baseline values. A reversible perfusion defect at LAD territory was accepted as a positive scintigraphy finding for significant LAD stenosis. A coronary angiography was performed within 5 days of the CFR studies. Results: The hyperemic diastolic peak velocity (44 ± 9 cm/sec vs 62 ± 2 cm/sec; P=0.01) and diastolic CFR (1.38 ± 0.17 vs 1.93 ± 0.3; P=0.001) were significantly lower in patients with LAD stenosis compared to those without LAD stenosis. The diastolic CFR values of <1.6 yielded a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 94% in the identification of significant LAD stenosis. In comparison, MPS detected LAD stenosis with a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 29%. Conclusions: CFR measurement by transthoracic Doppler echocardiography is an accurate method that may improve noninvasive identification of LAD stenosis in patients with LBBB.     

Intra-aortic balloon pumping and variations in flow in the dilated coronary artery in acute myocardial infarction

The object of this study of acute anterior myocardial infarction uncomplicated by cardiogenic shock, a context in which the role of intra-aortic balloon pumping (IABP) remains controversial, was to analyse the effects of IABP on coronary flow in the culprit artery. Twenty-one patients admitted for angioplasty in the acute phase of anterior myocardial infarction were included. The IABP was performed in 6 patients (Group 1) because of clinical signs of cardiac failure. Fifteen patients (Group 2) had no signs of cardiac failure. Coronary flow velocity was recorded by a Doppler catheter after successful angioplasty. The following parameters were analysed: average peak velocity (APV), average diastolic peak velocity (ADPV), average systolic peak velocity (ASPV), diastolic to systolic velocity ratio (DSVR) and maximum peak velocity (MPV). Intra-aortic balloon pumping was associated with an increase in the diastolic indices (APV 17.9 +/- 3.5 vs 14.9 +/- 3.6 cm/s; p < 0.05; ADPV 27.6 +/- 5.2 vs 19.7 +/- 4.7 cm/s; p < 0.05), and a decrease in the systolic index ASVP (3.8 +/- 1.3 vs 7.6 +/- 2.6 cm/s; p < 0.05). The diastolic indices recorded with IABP did not change in Group 2. The velocity spectra changed with the appearance of abnormalities usually described in the presence of microcirculatory abnormalities ("no reflex" phenomenon): decrease in anterograde systolic flow, rapid deceleration of diastolic velocities with appearance of a retrograde systolic flow. The authors conclude that IABP increases diastolic velocities of coronary flow in the acute phase of revascularised anterior myocardial infarction complicated by left ventricular failure but does not seem to be accompanied by improved myocardial perfusion.     

阿托伐他汀对冠状动脉血流缓慢患者冠状动脉血流储备的影响

目的 探讨冠状动脉血流缓慢患者冠状动脉血流储备(CFR)的改变以及阿托伐他汀对这类患者CFR的影响.方法 入选有胸痛症状但冠状动脉造影结构正常的冠状动脉血流缓慢患者91例,分为治疗组(51例)和无治疗组(40例).治疗组给予阿托伐他汀20 mg治疗8周.另选26例冠状动脉造影正常且运动试验阴性的无心脏疾患者为正常对照组.治疗前后测定治疗组和无治疗组的血脂以及利用腺苷负荷超声记录左前降支远端血流频谱,并评价CFR.结果 (1)冠状动脉血流缓慢者接受阿托伐他汀8周治疗后总胆固醇(TC)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)较无治疗组及正常对照组明显减低[TC:(3.83±0.80)mmol/L比(5.30±1.18)mmol/L和(5.32±1.17)mmol/L,均P＜0.05:LDL=C:(2.26±0.64)mmol/L比(3.28±0.85)mmol/L和(3.30±0.82)mmol/L,均P＜0.05].(2)给予阿托伐他汀前,治疗组与无治疗组CFR(分别为2.32±0.30和2.25±0.33)均低于正常对照组(3.15±0.34,P＜0.05);8周后,治疗组冠状动脉血流速度(CFV)[(26.06±3.22)cm/s]较无治疗组[(29.02±3.36)cm/s]及治疗前静息状态[(28.43±3.40)cm/s]低(均P＜0.05),最大冠状动脉扩张状态CFV高于无治疗组和对照组[分别为(77.63±8.96)、(65.17±7.22)和(64.58±6.26)cm/s,P＜0.05],CFR低于治疗前和无治疗组(分别为3.07±0.29、2.28±0.35和2.32±0.30,P＜0.05),且与正常对照组差异均无统计学意义.结论 冠状动脉血流缓慢患者CFR明显减低,短期阿托伐他汀在调脂的同时可以有效改善其CFR.     

Simultaneous Improvement in Aortic Distensibility and Coronary Flow Velocity Reserve after Successful Coronary Interventions

Objective: Deteriorations in coronary flow velocity reserve (CFR) and aortic distensibility have been demonstrated in coronary artery disease. The objective of the present study was a simultaneous echocardiographic evaluation of the CFR and aortic distensibility indices before and after successful percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) in patients with left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) disease. Methods: The study population, comprising 12 patients (4 women and 8 men) with significant proximal LAD stenosis, were compared with matched controls. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) was carried out to evaluate the CFR and aortic distensibility indices (the aortic elastic modulus E(p) and Young's circumferential static elastic modulus E(s)) before and after PCI to the LAD. The subjects underwent TEE on average 8 ± 11 days before PCI and 25 ± 6 weeks after PCI. Results: An improvement in CFR was demonstrated in patients with LAD stenosis after successful PCI (1.71 ± 0.36 vs. 2.08 ± 0.28, P < 0.05), which paralleled the decreases in E(p) (936 ± 544 mmHg vs. 567 ± 184 mmHg, P < 0.05) and E(s) (10,207 ± 6,295 mmHg vs. 5,831 ± 2,010 mmHg, P < 0.05) during the follow‐up. Conclusion: The aortic distensibility improves in parallel with the increase in CFR in patients with LAD stenosis after successful PCI. (Echocardiography 2010;27:311‐316)     

Does coronary flow reserve assessed by blood flow velocity analysis reflect absolute coronary flow reserve?

Doppler guidewire enables us to measure phasic coronary velocity and has been used for the measurement of coronary flow reserve (CFR). Although CFR is usually calculated by the quotient of peak flow velocity during papaverine infusion and flow velocity at rest, this assumption is true only if conduit vessel size is constant. To determine the accuracy of measurement of CFR using average peak velocity (APV) with Doppler guidewire, we investigated the influence of intracoronary papaverine on coronary flow velocity and coronary arterial diameter (CAD) and examined the correlation between CFR derived using APV and that derived using coronary blood flow (CBF) in 26 patients with normal coronary arteries. We measured phasic coronary flow velocity, and performed quantitative coronary angiography in the proximal left coronary artery at control and during 10 mg of intracoronary papaverine. Compared to control value, papaverine induced a significant increase in APV (% increase: 182 ± 101%; P<0.001). Papaverine also significantly increased CAD (16 ± 10%; P<0.001). Thus, CFR derived from APV was significantly lower than that derived from CBF (2.8 ± 1.0 vs. 4.0 ± 1.5, P<0.001). Although there was a significantly strong positive correlation between these two methods (R² = 0.83, P<0.001), there was also considerable variability with regard to predicting one variable from the other. These results suggest the importance of standardizing the conditions in which coronary flow velocity is measured with regard to either controlling or measuring changes in epicardial coronary arterial diameter during changes in distal resistance vessel tone. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

尼可地尔对冠状动脉慢血流患者冠状动脉贮备功能的影响

目的探讨尼可地尔治疗对冠状动脉慢血流患者冠状动脉贮备功能的影响。方法选择冠状动脉造影正常但存在冠状动脉慢血流的患者44例,所有患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,对照组(20例)予常规治疗,治疗组(24例)在常规治疗基础上加用尼可地尔5 mg,每天3次,治疗期为6个月。利用腺苷负荷超声记录左前降支远端血流频谱评价冠状动脉储备功能。结果经过6个月尼可地尔的治疗后,治疗组静息冠状动脉血流速度较对照组和治疗前无明显差别(26.37±5.39 cm/s比24.72±4.35 cm/s,26.37±5.39 cm/s比24.61±6.18 cm/s,均P>0.05),最大冠状动脉扩张状态较对照组和治疗前明显增加(73.69±9.84 cm/s比55.97±7.62 cm/s,73.69±9.84cm/s比51.29±9.72 cm/s,均P<0.05),而冠状动脉血流储备功能较对照组和治疗前明显增加(2.79±0.53比1.99±0.47,2.79±0.53比2.08±0.44,均P<0.05)。结论长期尼可地尔治疗可以有效改善冠状动脉慢血流患者冠状动脉贮备功能。