供心脏病患者使用的手机

在为移动电话是否对人体有害而争论不休的今天 ,德国有了一种对心脏病患者十分有益的新型手机 ,并已取得了发明的专利权。如果这种手机持有者在街上自我感觉不好时 ,通过手机上的按钮便可迅速通知医疗中心来进行心脏病急救 ,而且手机还会通知急救中心 ,该手机持有者的所在位置。把手机贴近胸部 ,可直接向医生传送患者的心电图 ,然后听取医生的建议。这种供心脏病患者使用的手机系列 ,将于最近在德国埃森市投产。供心脏病患者使用的手机@成舟     

浅谈手机壳对人体健康的影响

随着社会的发展手机越来越普及,特别是使用中高档智能手机的人群不断增加,给手机包上一个起保护作用的外壳已成为越来越普遍的行为。给手机套外壳,已经不止于对手机起保护作用,更多的则是一种追求潮流的方式。这引发了一系列的问题,在手机使用过程中,手机壳会释放出有毒物质苯和甲醛,会对人体的健康造成一定的影响。     

七种大错特错的打电话行为

现代生活，科技大发展，手机几乎是人手一只。快节奏的工作方式。让我们每天都和手机有着“亲密接触”，电磁辐射也就悄然地于无形中伤害着我们的身体。     

广州某高校大学生手机依赖倾向与人际关系的相关性

目前,手机已成了人们日常生活不可缺的一部分,大学生手机拥有率已高达99%以上[1].由于大学生群体具有易于接受新事物而心理发育不成熟等特点,使他们在享受手机带来的便利和娱乐的同时,也成为了手机依赖的高危人群.手机依赖也称"手机依赖综合征""手机成瘾""手机焦虑症"等.韩登亮等[2]将手机成瘾症界定为由于某种原因过度地滥用手机而导致手机使用者出现生理或心理上不适应的一种病症[2].徐华等[3]从操作层面界定手机依赖为由于重复使用手机所导致的一种慢性或周期性的着迷状态,并产生强烈的、持续的需求感和依赖感的心理和行为;主要表现为对手机短信的依赖,缺乏人与人之间语言交流,影响青少年人际交往的正常发展[4].本研究于2013年11月以广州某高校不同专业的各个年级学生为调查对象,分析手机依赖对大学生人际关系的影响,为促进大学生的健康成长提供参考依据.     

大学生手机使用行为与抑郁症状双向关联的随访研究

目的 描述大学生手机使用行为和抑郁症状的流行现状及双向关联,为促进大学生健康行为养成提供循证依据。方法 于2019年4—5月选取安徽省合肥市和江西省上饶市2所高校的1 135名学生进行基线问卷调查,每6个月随访1次,于2021年4—5月进行最后一次问卷随访,匹配后获得有效人数999人。运用自评问卷调查大学生手机使用时长和手机功能使用情况,运用青少年手机使用依赖自评问卷和患者健康问卷-9项(PHQ-9)评估大学生手机依赖情况和抑郁症状。采用Pearson相关分析检验基线和2年后手机使用行为和抑郁之间的相关性;采用线性回归模型分析手机使用行为与抑郁症状评分之间的线性关联;采用自回归交叉滞后模型分析大学生手机使用行为和抑郁症状之间的双向关联。结果 基线调查中大学生手机依赖和抑郁症状的检出率分别为24.3%和42.4%。基线和2年后随访中大学生平均手机使用时长分别为[(2.84±0.90)(2.02±1.05)h/d];手机依赖平均得分分别为[(23.30±9.00)(23.29±10.45)分];手机功能使用平均得分分别为[(30.12±6.66)(29.12±7.27)分];抑郁症状平均得...     

你家有木有“玩爸”?

你家里有没有一位爱玩手机和电脑的爸爸?部说男人是大孩子,这话一点儿也不错,爱疯手机多么风靡,好多爸爸沦陷成了"水果一族"。其实,哪怕没有iphone4,男人们也着迷于电脑游戏、PSP等"电子玩具"。也许,这也是一种现代症候群——"电玩依赖症"。带孩子?玩手机?谁能做到两全?     

小型压力蒸汽灭菌器消毒牙科手机的效果评价

牙科手机消毒一直被口腔界认为是“老大难”问题。用传统的方法消毒牙科手机 ,如戊二醛擦拭、紫外线瞬间消毒器照射消毒等 ,均只能消毒手机表面 ,而不能深入机芯杀灭残留内部的病菌〔1〕。武汉大学口腔医院借鉴国外先进经验和方法 ,于 1998和 1999年先后从台湾和美国购进二台小型压力蒸汽灭菌器 ,并配备可供临床周转的耐高温手机 ,实行“一人一机一消毒”,经抽样监测 ,效果满意。牙科手机经过精心保养和维修 ,使用寿命没有因高压消毒而缩短。1　材料和方法1.1　压力蒸汽灭菌器的使用二台压力蒸汽灭菌器的外型、容量、用法大致相似。它们的共…     

牙科手机集中灭菌的管理

目的确保牙科手机集中灭菌的管理工作有序规范地进行。方法成立手机消毒供应中心,配置手机清洗灭菌设备,规范牙科手机椅旁预清洁、回收、预处理、清洗、干燥、注油养护、塑封、灭菌、下收环节的管理。结果手机集中灭菌管理保障了手机灭菌的规范处置,真正做到了牙科手机一人一用一灭菌,有效地避免了外源性感染的发生,保障了患者的安全。结论牙科手机集中灭菌管理是一种行之有效的管理方法。     

胚胎期暴露手机辐射对仔鼠记忆功能影响

目的:探讨胚胎期暴露手机辐射对仔鼠记忆功能的影响.方法:手机辐射妊娠母鼠,分娩后测定并比较仔鼠记忆功能.结果:同对照组相比,胚胎期暴露手机辐射仔鼠潜伏期短于对照组,错误次数多于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:胚胎期暴露手机辐射可能引起仔鼠记忆功能降低.     

山东省某高校大学生视疲劳与手机冷落行为的相关性分析

目的 探讨山东省某高校大学生视疲劳与手机冷落行为的现状及关系，为缓解大学生视觉疲劳以及相关部门制订健康促进方案提供参考。方法 采用便利整群抽样的方法于2022年3—5月在山东省3所高校抽取3337名学生开展调研，将中文版手机冷落行为通用量表（GSP）、集合不足症状调查量表（CISS）以及社会人口学特征编制成电子问卷进行问卷调查。结果 大学生手机冷落行为得分为（42.02±15.49）分，不同专业、不同学习成绩评价、平均一天使用手机时长不同手机冷落行为总分差异均有统计学意义（F/t值分别为2.983,6.830,21.312,P均<0.005）；视疲劳得分为（33.78±11.98）分，不同专业、不同生源地、平均一天使用手机时长不同视疲劳总分差异均有统计学意义（F/t值分别为2.522,-2.742,10.440,P均<0.005）;Pearson分析表明，大学生手机冷落行为4个维度及总分与视疲劳总分均呈正相关（r=0.487,0.434,0.560,0.586,0.659,P均<0.001）。logistic回归分析发现平均一天使用手机时间≥8 h、问题认知、无手机恐...     

Calcium intake in the elderly: validation of a dietary questionnaire

Epidemiological studies of calcium and osteoporosis have been hampered by the lack of a suitable tool for assessing calcium intake. This report describes a new frequency and amount questionnaire for measuring present and past calcium intake in the elderly. The validity of the questionnaire was tested against two commonly used standards of dietary assessment, five-day duplicate diets and seven-day weighed dietary inventories. The resulting correlation coefficients were, respectively, r = 0.76 and r = 0.69, while that for repeatability was r = 0.84. Furthermore, the questionnaire categorized subjects into thirds of the distribution of intake with almost no gross misclassification. It is suggested that the present findings may be extended to the majority of normal, healthy elderly subjects, implying wide application for the questionnaire in the assessment of calcium intake in the elderly.     

The occurrence of antimicrobial substances in toilet,sink and shower drainpipes of clinical units: A neglected source of antibiotic residues

Antibiotics represent one of the most important drug groups used in the management of bacterial infections in humans and animals. Due to the increasing problem of antibiotic resistance, assurance of the antibacterial effectiveness of these substances has moved into the focus of public health. The reduction in antibiotic residues in wastewater and the environment may play a decisive role in the development of increasing rates of antibiotic resistance. The present study examines the wastewater of 31 patient rooms of various German clinics for possible residues of antibiotics, as well as the wastewater of five private households as a reference.To the best of our knowledge, this study shows for the first time that in hospitals with high antibiotic consumption rates, residues of these drugs can be regularly detected in toilets, sink siphons and shower drains at concentrations ranging from 0.02?μg·L^?1 to a maximum of 79?mg·L^?1. After complete flushing of the wastewater siphons, antibiotics are no longer detectable, but after temporal stagnation, the concentration of the active substances in the water phases of respective siphons increases again, suggesting that antibiotics persist through the washing process in biofilms. This study demonstrates that clinical wastewater systems offer further possibilities for the optimization of antibiotic resistance surveillance.     

Self-reported health problems among Swedish miners one year after unemployment

Unemployment is considered to be a public health concern sincedeterioration in the health of the unemployed is often anticipated.However, for some groups, such as miners, unemployment mightimprove health due to a cessation of potentially harmful occupationalexposures. This study evaluates the health of 79 miners in oneSwedish iron-ore mine, and 226 age-matched controls from thegeneral population, during one year after the closure of themine. The participants received a questionnaire regarding medicalhistory and subjective symptoms at the beginning of the studyperiod, and after one year. Statistically significant negativeeffects on self-reported health attributable to unemploymentwere not found, although neuropsychiatric symptoms were morecommon among the unemployed miners. The miners reported a statisticallysignificant improvement in grip force (p=0.031). They had asignificantly higher prevalence of symptoms associated withmining related exposures when compared with the population controls;pain in the upper extremities [relative risk (RR)=2.27, 95%confidence interval (Cl)=1.44–3.59), back pain (RR=1.84;Cl=1.237–2.75), vasospastic disease of the fingers (RR=2.05;Cl=1.18–3.57) and obstructive respiratory symptoms (attacksof dyspnea and wheezing: RR=3.67; Cl=1.167–11.6).     

Excès de cas humains et animaux de tularémie en France au cours de l’hiver 2007–2008 : émergence ou phénomène isolé ?

Context

Tularemia is a zoonosis affecting humans and hares in France. We describe the results of surveillance in both species, in 2007 and 2008.

Methods

Human tularemia cases are mandatorily notifiable in France since 2003. In hares, surveillance relies on volunteer hunter associations in all districts of the country. Data from mandatory reports and volunteer surveillance in 2007/2008 were analyzed and compared with previous results.

Results

In 2007/2008, 144 cases were reported in humans and 117 cases in hares. This was a 100% increase compared to previous years. Human cases differed from those of previous years only by the frequency of contact with breeding animals. Human cases without any documented risk exposure were also more frequent.

Conclusion

An increase of tularemia cases occurred in 2007/2008 in both species. Complementary studies are needed to identify the species reservoir in France to understand the causes of this peak of cases.     

Occupational health hazards in mining: an overview

This review article outlines the physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic and psychosocial occupational health hazards of mining and associated metallurgical processes. Mining remains an important industrial sector in many parts of the world and although substantial progress has been made in the control of occupational health hazards, there remains room for further risk reduction. This applies particularly to traumatic injury hazards, ergonomic hazards and noise. Vigilance is also required to ensure exposures to coal dust and crystalline silica remain effectively controlled.     

Manufacture and use of nanomaterials: current status in the UK and global trends

This paper provides an overview of the production and use of nanomaterials (NMs), particularly in the UK. Currently, relatively few companies in the UK are identifiable as NM manufacturers, the main emphasis being the bulk markets in metals and metal oxides, and some niche markets such as carbon nanotubes and quantum dots. NM manufacturing in the UK does not reflect the global emphasis on fullerenes, nanotubes and fibres. Some assumptions have been made about the types of NM that are likely to be imported into the UK, which currently include fullerenes, modified fullerenes and other carbon-based NMs including nanotubes. Many university departments, spin-offs and private companies have developed processes for the manufacture of NMs but may only be producing small quantities for research and development (R&D) purposes. However, some have the potential to scale up to produce large quantities. The nanotechnology industry in the UK has strong R&D backup from universities and related institutions. This review has covered R&D trends at such institutions, and appropriate information has been added to a searchable database. While several companies are including NMs in their products, only a few (e.g. manufacturers of paints, coatings, cosmetics, catalysts, polymer composites) are using nanoparticles (NPs) in any significant quantities. However, this situation is likely to change rapidly. There is a need to collect more information about exposure to NPs in both manufacturing and user scenarios. As the market grows, and as manufacturers switch from the micro- to the nanoscale, the potential for exposure will increase. More research is required to quantify any risks to workers and consumers.     

深圳公立医院管理体制改革制度设计

深圳公立医院管理体制改革实行政事分开、管办分开,在理事会架构下按法定机构模式组建市医管中心,落实公立医院运营管理自主权.作者从当前公立医院管理体制的弊端入手,介绍了深圳市进行公立医院管理体制改革的基本思路及改革方案设计的主要举措,深入剖析了的改革方案的特点,并对改革效果进行了预测.     

Effects of nitrogen dioxide on red blood cells of rats: Changes in components of red cell membranes during in vivo exposure to NO2

Red cell membranes, prepared from red blood cells of rats exposed to 4, 10, or 20 ppm nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) for 1 to 10 days, were examined for evidence of changes in membrane components. Appreciable changes were not found in contents of phospholipid and cholesterol during exposure to 10 ppm NO₂. By contrast, protein content altered with the time of exposure. Moreover, changes in protein composition were observed by employing sodium dodecyl sulfate — polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Twenty-four-hour exposure to NO₂ at the concentration above 10 ppm resulted in a marked increase in the percentage of lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LysoPE) to the total phospholipids. The prolonged exposure to 10 ppm NO₂ gave rise to a further increase in LysoPE, whereas the percentage of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) showed a gradual decrease. A 1-day exposure to 4.0 ppm NO₂ also caused an increase in sialic acid content and decreases in those of PE and hexose. In addition to contents of these components the percentage of LysoPE increased 5 days after exposure and the elevated values were maintained up to the end of exposure period. These results demonstrate that red blood cells in circulation exhibit different membrane properties in terms of lipid and carbohydrate composition during 10 days of exposure to 4.0 ppm NO₂.     

Investigating clusters in the workplace and beyond

Clusters of disease are common and occur in the workplace and in the general community. They often arouse considerable concern among the population. Investigations have sometimes lead to exciting new knowledge, but in general the investigation of clusters is difficult and often unrewarding, especially for community clusters. In the workplace, investigations are more likely to find associations and even new causes, but still many clusters remain enigmatic. Despite this, there are many reasons for investigating clusters, including allaying community concern and identifying uncontrolled exposures. A structure for investigating clusters in the workplace is suggested.