纤支镜吸痰联合肺泡灌洗治疗COPD合并呼吸衰竭患者的疗效观察

目的观察纤支镜吸痰联合肺泡灌洗治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)合并呼吸衰竭患者的临床疗效。方法 50例COPD合并呼吸衰竭患者随机分为两组,对照组(n=25例)采用普通吸痰管吸痰,观察组(n=25例)采用纤支镜吸痰联合肺泡灌洗治疗,比较两组呼吸衰竭纠正时间、出现肺部感染控制窗的时间、有创机械通气时间、机械通气后住院天数等情况。结果观察组患者呼吸衰竭纠正时间、肺部感染控制窗出现时间、有创机械通气时间和机械通气后住院天数等均明显快于对照组(P0.05);两组患者灌洗后PaO2、PaCO2和SaO2等动脉血气指标均明显改善(P0.05),观察组改善更为显著(P0.05)。结论纤支镜吸痰联合肺泡灌洗治疗COPD合并呼吸衰竭患者是一种有效措施,可迅速控制感染、缩短有创机械通气时间、降低撤机困难等并发症的发生率。     

纤维支气管镜吸痰联合肺泡灌洗在呼吸机相关性肺炎治疗中的应用

目的探讨纤支镜吸痰联合肺泡灌洗在呼吸机呼吸机相关性肺炎(VAP)治疗中的临床价值。方法对2012年12月至2013年7月收住某院重症医学科(ICU)的76例VAP患者随机分为实验组和对照组,实验组采取常规治疗+纤支镜吸痰联合肺泡灌洗,对照组采取常规治疗,分别对两组患者的机械通气时间、ICU住院天数、ICU住院费用、简化临床肺部感染评分、痰细菌培养阳性率进行比较,同时比较实验组纤支镜吸痰联合肺泡灌洗前后的氧和指数及心输出量、体循环阻力、平均动脉压。结果实验组机械通气时间、ICU住院天数较对照组显著缩短(P<0.05);ICU住院费用明显低于对照组(P<0.05);在病后第3、5、7天实验组的简化临床肺部感染评分均显著低于对照组(P<0.05);实验组较对照组痰细菌培养阳性率高(P<0.05)。纤支镜吸痰联合肺泡灌洗后1 h较操作前5 min氧和指数有所改善(P<0.05),心输出量、体循环阻力、平均动脉压变化不明显(P>0.05)。结论纤支镜吸痰联合肺泡灌洗在VAP治疗中的应用效果较好且安全。     

纤支镜吸痰联合肺泡灌洗治疗 COPD 合并呼吸衰竭患者的疗效观察简

目的 观察纤支镜吸痰联合肺泡灌洗治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）合并呼吸衰竭患者的临床疗效.方法 50例COPD合并呼吸衰竭患者随机分为两组,对照组（n=25例）采用普通吸痰管吸痰,观察组（n=25例）采用纤支镜吸痰联合肺泡灌洗治疗,比较两组呼吸衰竭纠正时间、出现肺部感染控制窗的时间、有创机械通气时间、机械通气后住院天数等情况.结果 观察组患者呼吸衰竭纠正时间、肺部感染控制窗出现时间、有创机械通气时间和机械通气后住院天数等均明显快于对照组（P〈0.05）;两组患者灌洗后PaO2、PaCO2和SaO2等动脉血气指标均明显改善（P〈0.05）,观察组改善更为显著（P〈0.05）.结论 纤支镜吸痰联合肺泡灌洗治疗COPD合并呼吸衰竭患者是一种有效措施,可迅速控制感染、缩短有创机械通气时间、降低撤机困难等并发症的发生率.     

纤支镜肺泡灌洗对机械通气下肺部感染的治疗效果

目的观察纤支镜肺泡灌洗对机械通气下肺部感染的治疗效果。方法将127例机械通气下肺部感染患者分为两组,对照组(n=63)给予抗感染、吸痰等常规治疗,观察组(n=64)在对照组基础上加用纤支镜肺泡灌洗;比较两组患者的临床效果。结果观察组的血气变化情况、机械通气时间、感染窗控制时间、呼吸衰竭纠正时间以及撤机成功率均要优于对照组(P0.05或P0.01)。结论纤支镜肺泡灌洗不仅操作简便,而且安全性好,可以有效畅通气道、改善通气,配合常规治疗能够发挥出重要作用,建议临床推广。     

纤维支气管镜在COPD呼吸衰竭的应用

目的观察纤维支气管镜吸痰联合肺泡灌洗对COPD并呼吸衰竭的临床效果。方法将40例因感染诱发呼吸衰竭的COPD患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组各20例,对照组常规抗感染、解痉、平喘、抗炎、祛痰、吸氧等治疗。治疗组在此基础上通过纤支镜吸痰、支气管肺泡灌洗。比较两组的呼吸衰竭纠正时间,感染控制时间,住院时间,插管率情况。结果治疗组在呼吸衰竭纠正时间,感染控制时间,住院时间,插管率均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论经纤支镜吸痰肺泡灌洗治疗COPD并呼吸衰竭,能促进痰液引流,更有效的改善通气,控制感染,减少气管插管及有创机械通气的机率,缩短住院时间,具有临床应用价值。     

肺泡灌洗联合机械通气治疗COPD并呼吸衰竭的分析

目的探讨纤维支气管镜肺泡灌洗联合有创-无创机械通气序贯治疗AECOPD合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭的临床疗效。方法对86例COPD急性加重期合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭患者全部使用有创-无创机械通气序贯治疗,随机分为纤支镜肺泡灌洗联合有创-无创序贯机械通气治疗的纤支镜组(治疗组)和有创-无创序贯机械通气治疗的对照组,观察灌洗后临床疗效、血气分析等指标变化。结果治疗组中有效病例37例,有效率为86%;对照组中有效病例29例,有效率67.4%,治疗组有效率高于对照组(P<0.05);临床症状、血气分析改善明显,与对照组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论纤支镜肺泡灌洗联合有创-无创序贯机械通气治疗COPD急性加重期合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭患者,疗效确切、安全,促进患者康复具有重要的临床价值。     

经纤支镜肺泡灌洗治疗慢性阻塞性肺病急性加重期(AECOPD)并呼吸衰竭临床疗效分析

目的探讨经纤支镜肺泡灌洗治疗AECOPD并呼吸衰竭临床疗效。方法选取42例经常规对症治疗、无创机械通气治疗未有效改善的AECOPD并呼吸衰竭患者,给予经纤支镜肺泡灌洗治疗。结果 42例患者中,治愈35例、好转6例、死亡1例,总有效率为97.62%;治疗后2h、8h、24h各时间点血气指标、呼吸频率、心率变化均明显优于治疗前(P<0.05)。结论经纤支镜肺泡灌洗治疗能有效清除气道分泌物,改善临床症状,且安全可靠。     

经纤支镜灌洗吸痰治疗脑卒中并重症肺部感染35例

目的观察脑卒中合并重症肺部感染早期经纤维支气管镜(纤支镜)吸痰和灌洗的临床疗效.方法将 68 例脑卒中合并重症肺部感染病人随机分为治疗组35例、对照组33例.对照组予以抗生素、营养支持、雾化吸入、经鼻导管吸痰等综合治疗,治疗组在综合治疗基础上早期经纤支镜灌洗吸痰.对两组体温、白细胞计数及其疗效进行分析.结果治疗组有效率显著高于对照组 (P<0.01);治疗后第 6 天 ,两组体温及白细胞计数比较有统计学意义 (P<0.05).结论经纤支镜灌洗吸痰是一种安全有效的治疗脑卒中并发重症肺部感染的方法.     

肺泡灌洗治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期并呼吸衰竭

目的探讨纤维支气管镜联合肺泡灌洗治疗慢阻肺急性加重期合并呼吸衰竭的价值。方法选取我院收治的慢阻肺急性加重期合并呼吸衰竭患者60例随机分组,对照组行普通吸痰管吸痰,纤支镜组行纤支气管吸痰联合肺泡灌洗。结果纤支镜组治疗后Pa O2、Sa O2水平显著高于对照组,Pa CO2、CRP和PCR水平显著低于对照组P0.01。纤支镜组呼吸衰竭纠正时间、有创通气时间、感染控制窗出现及住院时间均显著短于对照组P0.01。结论纤支镜联合肺泡灌洗治疗慢阻肺急性加重期合并呼吸衰竭,应用价值较高,吸痰效果好,有效促进患者气道通畅和改善炎症反应。     

支气管肺泡灌洗治疗支气管张合并感染的临床研究

目的 观察对支气管扩张合并肺部感染患者经纤支镜支气管肺泡灌洗治疗的临床疗效.方法 将48例支气管扩张合并肺部感染患者随机分为灌洗组及埘照组,灌洗组26例,对照组22例,均在全身应用抗菌药物及祛痰药的基础上,灌洗组在生命体征监护下进行床旁纤支镜吸痰及支气管肺泡灌洗术治疗,对照组体位引流排痰.分析比较两组临床表现、化验和影像学变化以评价肺部感染控制情况.结果 纤支镜支气管肺泡灌洗治疗后较治疗前动脉血氧分压(PaO2)、氧合指数(PaO2/FiO2)明显提高,治疗后动脉血氧分压(PaO2)、氧合指数(PaO2/FiO2)灌洗组较对照组明显增高,灌洗组有效率明显高于对照组.灌洗组显效10例,好转12例,有效率为85%;对照组显效5例,好转9例,有效率为64%,两组有效率比较,P<0.05.无气胸及严重气道内出血等并发症.结论 经纤支镜支气管肺泡灌洗是治疗支气管扩张合并肺部感染的有效方法.     

Treatment of patients with Eisenmenger's syndrome with Bosentan

We treated prospectively 14 patients with Eisenmenger's syndrome, with a mean age of 10 years, ranging from 3 to 18 years. Treatment continued for 12 months, and demonstrated a lasting symptomatic improvement, but no improvement in terms of mean saturation of oxygen over 24 hours. Exercise capacity, as judged by peak uptake of oxygen, worsened in the six patients able to perform a treadmill test. The symptomatic benefit from dual blockage of endothelin receptors in these patients may be due to mechanisms other than selective pulmonary vasodilatation alone.     

Satisfaction with ambulatory care of persons with AIDS

OBJECTIVE: To examine the relation of patient characteristics and site of care to the perception of ambulatory care quality by persons with AIDS (PWAs). DESIGN: Patient surveys and medical record review were used to determine PWAs’ perceptions of their ambulatory care, self-perceived health status, primary care relationships, sociodemographic characteristics, and severity of illness. SETTING: A public-hospital HIV clinic, an academic group practice, and a staff-model health maintenance organization (HMO) that together care for 20% of all Massachusetts PWAs. PATIENTS: All active patients as of February 12, 1990, and all new AIDS patients at each of the three sites during the subsequent 13 months. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN BESULTS: The primary outcome measure was a six-item scale of patient-rated quality of care (PRQC), a newly developed measure that combined patients’ ratings of their physician care, nursing care, involvement in medical decisions, and overall quality of care. Multiple logistic regression was carried out with low PRQC (lowest quart He) as the dependent variable, to identify correlates of patient perceptions of poor quality. Patients who had a primary nurse were significantly less likely to have low PRQC scores (OR=0.50, 95% CI=0.26 to 0.97). Black patients and patients who used injection drugs were significantly more likely to rate their care in the lowest quartile (OR=2.22, 95% CI=1.04 to 4.78; and OR=2.43, 95% CI=1.13 to 5.23, respectively), as were those who had lower self-perceived health status, after controlling for confounders; no association was found by site or severity. CONCLUSIONS: These results show that primary nursing may be an important determinant of how PWAs rate the quality of their ambulatory care. Furthermore, PWAs who are black or who are injection drug users are less satisfied than are others with the quality of their ambulatory AIDS care. Presented in part at the annual meeting of the Society of General Internal Medicine, April 30, 1993, Arlington, Virginia. Supported by the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research, grant number HS06239.     

Experience with the treatment of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with obsidan and isoptin

Forty-five patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy were examined clinically and echocardiographically. The results of their treatment with obsidan and isoptin in relation to various types of central hemodynamic disorders are presented. The data have been obtained making it possible to treat patients differentially with regard to the form of the disease. The treatment of this category of patients requires the echocardiographic monitoring of the parameters of the central hemodynamics and myocardial contractility.     

分析老年糖尿病患者应用甘精胰岛素联合阿卡波糖治疗的效果

目的探讨甘精胰岛素联合阿卡波糖在老年糖尿病患者中的临床疗效。方法选取该院2018年7月—2019年7月收治的113例老年糖尿病患者作为研究对象,经随机数字表法,划分A组(n=56,阿卡波糖)和B组(n=57,甘精胰岛素+阿卡波糖),比较两组临床疗效、血糖指标。结果B组患者临床治疗总有效率显著高于A组;经治疗,B组患者空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 hPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbAlc)水平明显低于A组。两组之间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在老年糖尿病患者中应用甘精胰岛素+阿卡波糖,临床疗效显著,使患者的空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白等指标得到了明显改善,安全性强。     

Evaluation of atrial vulnerability with transoesophageal stimulation in patients with atrioventricular junctional: Comparison with patients with ventricular pre-excitation and with normal subjects

The aim of our work was to evaluate the inducibility of atrialfibrillation in a group of patients with atrioventricular junctionalreentrant tachycardia and to compare it with that of patientswith a Kent-type ventricular pre-excitation (Wolff-Parkinson-Whitesyndrome) and a control group. One hundred and twenty-five subjects were separated into groups.Group 1 comprised 49 Wolff-Parkinson-White patients, with amean age of 26.4, range 10.66 years; group 2, 51 patients withatrioventricular junctional reentrant tachycardia inducibleby transoesophageal atrial stimulation andlor clinically documented,with a mean age of 43.4, range 16–78 years; group 3, 25control subjects with a mean age of2.64, range 13–76 years. Each subject underwent atrial transoesophageal stimulation withthe following protocol: programmed atrial stimulation with 1and 2 stimuli during atrial pacing of 100. min^–1 and 150.min^–1; atrial stimulation for 10 s at a rate of 200–300–400–500–600.min^–1 with intervals of 10 s between stimulations, fivesuccessive ‘ramp-up’ atrial stimulations for 9 swith the rate increasing from 100 to 800. min^–1 with intervalsof 10 s between stimulations. The end point was the completionof the protocol or induction of sustained atrial fibrillation(>1 min). The chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Our resultsshowed that in group 1 atrial fibrillation was induced in 27149patients (55.1%); this was sustained in 13149 (26.5%) and non-sustainedin 14149 (28.5%); in group 2, atrial fibrillation was inducedin 22151 patients (43.0%); it was sustained in 7151 (13.7%)and non-sustained in 15151 (29.4%); in group 3, sustained atrialfibrillation was not induced in any subject and in only onesubject was a non-sustained atrial fibrillation (4 s) induced. The chi-square test showed that group 2 vs group 1 were non-significant,while group 2 vs group 3 and group 1 vs group 3 were significant(P<0.003 and P<0.0007, respectively). Therefore group 2 patients showed a greater atrial vulnerabilityin comparison to the control subjects and a similar vulnerabilityto group 1 patients. It is possible that the greater atrialvulnerability in the patients of group 2 was due to the doublenodal pathway.