复方丁香开胃贴佐治阿奇霉素静脉滴注不良反应42例

[目的]观察复方丁香开胃贴佐治阿奇霉素静脉滴注不良反应的疗效。[方法]70例诊断为支原体或衣原体肺炎患儿,随机分为治疗组(42例)和对照组(28例),均予阿奇霉素静脉滴注治疗,治疗组在此基础上加用复方丁香开胃贴贴脐,每日1贴,连续3 d,比较2组疗效。[结果]治疗组总有效率为88.10%,对照组为46.43%,2组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。[结论]复方丁香开胃贴贴脐,对阿奇霉素静脉滴注的不良反应有较好的防治作用,且安全,患儿易接受。     

干扰素栓联合阿奇霉素治疗衣原体、支原体性宫颈炎的临床观察

目的探讨干扰素栓联合阿奇霉素治疗衣原体、支原体性宫颈炎的临床效果。方法将确诊为衣原体、支原体性宫颈炎的80例患者随机分成对照组和治疗组各40例。对照组患者仅给予干扰素栓治疗,隔日1次,连续7次;治疗组患者在接受上述治疗的基础上,加服250 mg阿奇霉素分散片,每日两次,连续7 d。连续治疗2周后,取宫颈管分泌物进行PCR检测,并记录患者临床症状和体征。结果治疗组病原体转阴率达77.50%,临床有效率为87.50%,均明显高于对照组（P〈0.05）;停药2个月后复查痊愈患者,治疗组复发率为6.45%,显著低于对照组复发率21.05%（P〈0.05）。结论干扰素联合阿奇霉素是一种更为有效的治疗衣原体和支原体性宫颈炎的方法,值得临床使用。     

氨溴特罗口服液联合阿奇霉素治疗小儿支原体肺炎疗效观察

目的观察氨溴特罗口服液联合阿奇霉素治疗小儿支原体肺炎的临床疗效。方法将我院2009年1月至2012年10月收治的支原体肺炎患儿68例,随机分为观察组和对照组,各34例,观察组采用氨溴特罗口服液口服结合阿奇霉素静脉滴注治疗,对照组只给予阿奇霉素静脉滴注治疗,两组治疗时间均为5 d。结果观察组患儿总有效率(91.18%)高于对照组(55.88%),两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),秩和检验结果提示,观察组疗效显著优于对照组(P0.05)。结论采用氨溴特罗口服液联合阿奇霉素治疗小儿支原体肺炎疗效确切,值得临床推广。     

痰热清联合阿奇霉素治疗支原体肺炎疗效观察

目的探讨痰热清联合阿奇霉素治疗支原体肺炎临床疗效和安全性。方法 2012年2月~2013年5月在我院住院治疗的136例支原体肺炎患者,按治疗方法的不同分成痰热清联合阿奇霉素治疗组68例(联合组)和阿奇霉素治疗68例(对照组),观察两组治疗效果、退热时间、咳嗽消退时间、听诊肺啰音消失时间以及DR片肺部阴影改变等临床指标情况。结果两组总有效率比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05),治疗组和对照组总有效率分别为97.06%和76.047%;两组临床观察指标消失时间比较均有显著性差异(P0.05),各项指标不同年龄、性别间联合治疗组总有效率亦均高于对照组(P0.05),两组均未见不良反应。结论痰热清联合阿奇霉素治疗支原体肺炎临床疗效优于单纯阿奇霉素治疗,且安全可靠。     

阿奇霉素与红霉素治疗小儿支原体肺炎87例临床分析

87例小儿支原体肺炎患儿随机分为治疗组49例和对照组38例.治疗组静脉滴注阿奇霉素10mg/(kg·d),对照组静脉滴注红霉素30mg/(kg·d),疗程7d.观察两组临床疗效及不良反应发生率.结果 治疗组临床有效率明显高于对照组,不良反应发生率明显低于对照组,两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05).认为静滴阿奇霉素治疗小儿支原体肺炎疗效好,不良反应少.     

氨溴索联合阿奇霉素治疗小儿支原体肺炎的疗效观察

目的 探讨小儿支原体肺炎的治疗方法,观察盐酸氨溴索注射液联合阿奇霉素治疗小儿支原体肺炎的疗效.方法 小儿支原体肺炎患儿96例,随机分为两组,治疗组48例,给予大环内酯类药物阿奇霉素10mg·kg-1·d-1加入5%葡萄糖50～100ml中静脉滴注,联合盐酸氨溴索注射液1.5mg·kg-1·d-1,加入5%葡萄糖50～100ml静脉点滴,1次/d;对照组48例,每日给阿奇霉素静脉滴注.两组均以5～7d为1个疗程,同时都给予退热、止咳、化痰、平喘等对症支持治疗.结果 治疗组和对照组有效率分别为95.3%和83.3%,治疗组明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 氨溴索联合阿奇霉素治疗小儿支原体肺炎,临床效果显著,较单用阿奇霉素疗效好,疗程短.     

痰热清注射液联合阿奇霉素治疗小儿支原体肺炎的临床观察

目的探讨痰热清注射液联合阿奇霉素序贯治疗小儿支原体肺炎的临床疗效。方法将88例小儿支原体肺炎患者随机分入对照组与观察组,给予42例对照组患者阿奇霉素序贯治疗,46例观察组患者接受痰热清注射液联合阿奇霉素序贯治疗。比较两组临床疗效、不良反应发生率及血清超敏C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的差别。结果观察组与对照组治疗总有效率分别为95.7%和69.0%,差别具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组不良反应发生率显著少于对照组(21.7%vs 88.1%,P<0.05);两组治疗后血清hs-CRP、IL-6和TNF-α水平较治疗前均显著降低(P<0.05),但两组间无显著差别(P>0.05)。结论痰热清注射液联合阿奇霉素序贯治疗小儿支原体肺炎可显著提高临床疗效,减少不良反应。     

阿奇霉素治疗孕妇肺炎支原体感染的疗效观察及不良反应监测

目的观察阿奇霉素治疗孕妇肺炎支原体感染的临床疗效。方法 52例肺炎支原体感染孕妇随机分为两组。对照组(25例)采用红霉素治疗,治疗组(27例)采用阿奇霉素治疗。疗程均为1周。结果治疗组治疗总有效率为85.2%,明显高于对照组治疗总有效率72.0%(P<0.05);治疗组不良反应发生率为18.5%,明显低于对照组不良反应发生率36.0%(P<0.05)。结论阿奇霉素治疗孕妇肺炎支原体感染疗效显著,不良反应发生率较低,值得临床应用。     

阿奇霉素治疗小儿支原体肺炎疗效之变化

目的观察阿奇霉素临床疗效的变化。方法选择注射用阿奇霉素治疗的支原体肺炎患儿,2006年及2009年分别为33例和42例,阿奇霉素剂量5～10mg/(kg.d),一日一次,第一疗程用5天停3天,第二疗程用3天停3天,分析比较两组疗效。结果 2006年有效32例(97.0%),2009年有效33例(78.5%),两组比较疗效有统计学意义。结论肺炎支原体对阿奇霉素的临床耐药现象上升明显。     

阿奇霉素联合痰热清治疗小儿肺炎支原体肺炎的临床疗效观察

目的观察阿奇霉素联合痰热清治疗小儿肺炎支原体肺炎的临床效果。方法选择2013年8月—2014年1月我院收治的肺炎支原体肺炎患儿116例,将其随机分成观察组和对照组,各58例。对照组患儿采用阿奇霉素进行治疗,观察组患儿在对照组治疗的基础上联合痰热清进行治疗,连续治疗5 d后观察两组患儿临床疗效及不良反应发生情况。结果观察组患儿总有效率为98.3%(57/58),高于对照组的91.4%(53/58)(P0.05);观察组患儿不良反应发生率为3.4%(2/58),低于对照组的6.9%(4/58)(P0.05)。结论阿奇霉素联合痰热清治疗小儿肺炎支原体肺炎效果显著,不良反应发生率低,值得临床推广。     

肿瘤病人弓形虫感染分析

在肿瘤的发生和发展进程中 ,多伴有免疫功能低下或缺陷 ,从而极易遭受各种感染。弓形虫是机会感染因子 ,当患者免疫功能受损时 ,易于感染 ,还会使隐性感染激活 ,引起低热不退、淋巴结肿和脑神经系统的反应 ,此现象尚未引起临床医师的重视。近年来 ,我们对 4 0 9例肿瘤病人进行了弓形虫感染及弓形虫病的分析观察 ,报告如下 :1　材料与方法1 1　材料　 30 4例病人血清取自江西省肿瘤医院住院或门诊病人 ,随机抽样后低温保存待检 ,10 5例取自其他医院送检样品 ,有急性症状者随到随检 ,以便及时做病原学检测。1 2　弓形虫病诊断方法1 2 1　免疫…     

A patient with rectal ulcer with severe stenosis presenting with perforated peritonitis

We report a patient with rectal ulcer with severe stenosis, who underwent urgent surgical treatment for perforated peritonitis. The 54-year-old man suddenly developed cramping abdominal pain and fever while hospitalized, with signs of peritoneal irritation. An emergency laparotomy was performed, and severe stenosis of the rectum and a perforated lesion on the oral side approximately 10 cm distant from the stenosis were found, with massive abdominal purulent fluid. He was treated by rectosigmoid colon resection with transverse colon loop colostomy. Histopathologically, the stenosis was caused by ulceration extending to all muscular layers of the rectum, with inflammatory changes. Benign rectal stenosis is so rare that differential diagnosis from malignancy may be difficult when there are inflammatory changes in the surrounding tissues. However, it is necessary to keep in mind the likelihood of this disease in differentiation from rectal cancer. Received: December 21, 1998 / Accepted: May 28, 1999     

Infection with Rhodococcus equi in a patient with sarcoidosis treated with corticosteroids

A 51-year-old female farmer was diagnosed as having sarcoidosis. During 4 years of observation, slow radiological progression was observed. Cough then developed, necessitating treatment with corticosteroids. After 28 months of continuous treatment with prednisolone in low doses (5-7.5 mg daily), she suffered fever episodes, recurrent haemoptyses, general malaise and loss of weight. A chest roentgenogram showed a left upper lobe infiltrate, which progressed and finally cavitated, and rib destruction. Despite efforts, including a thoracotomy, 22 months passed before a diagnosis could be made. Blood and sputum cultures and cultures from the destroyed rib showed growth of Rhodococcus equi, a common soil organism which can cause infections in foals and other animals. Treatment with rifampicin and erythromycin was successful. R. equi has been reported to cause infection in patients with neoplastic disease and/or immunosuppression, but the disease might be more common than is suggested by the sparse case reports in the literature, owing to lack of familiarity with the organism, which will tend to be overlooked as a contaminant.     

Evaluation of atrial vulnerability with transoesophageal stimulation in patients with atrioventricular junctional: Comparison with patients with ventricular pre-excitation and with normal subjects

The aim of our work was to evaluate the inducibility of atrialfibrillation in a group of patients with atrioventricular junctionalreentrant tachycardia and to compare it with that of patientswith a Kent-type ventricular pre-excitation (Wolff-Parkinson-Whitesyndrome) and a control group. One hundred and twenty-five subjects were separated into groups.Group 1 comprised 49 Wolff-Parkinson-White patients, with amean age of 26.4, range 10.66 years; group 2, 51 patients withatrioventricular junctional reentrant tachycardia inducibleby transoesophageal atrial stimulation andlor clinically documented,with a mean age of 43.4, range 16–78 years; group 3, 25control subjects with a mean age of2.64, range 13–76 years. Each subject underwent atrial transoesophageal stimulation withthe following protocol: programmed atrial stimulation with 1and 2 stimuli during atrial pacing of 100. min^–1 and 150.min^–1; atrial stimulation for 10 s at a rate of 200–300–400–500–600.min^–1 with intervals of 10 s between stimulations, fivesuccessive ‘ramp-up’ atrial stimulations for 9 swith the rate increasing from 100 to 800. min^–1 with intervalsof 10 s between stimulations. The end point was the completionof the protocol or induction of sustained atrial fibrillation(>1 min). The chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Our resultsshowed that in group 1 atrial fibrillation was induced in 27149patients (55.1%); this was sustained in 13149 (26.5%) and non-sustainedin 14149 (28.5%); in group 2, atrial fibrillation was inducedin 22151 patients (43.0%); it was sustained in 7151 (13.7%)and non-sustained in 15151 (29.4%); in group 3, sustained atrialfibrillation was not induced in any subject and in only onesubject was a non-sustained atrial fibrillation (4 s) induced. The chi-square test showed that group 2 vs group 1 were non-significant,while group 2 vs group 3 and group 1 vs group 3 were significant(P<0.003 and P<0.0007, respectively). Therefore group 2 patients showed a greater atrial vulnerabilityin comparison to the control subjects and a similar vulnerabilityto group 1 patients. It is possible that the greater atrialvulnerability in the patients of group 2 was due to the doublenodal pathway.     

Treating patients with lupus with B-cell depletion

A new era in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus has dawned with the increasing introduction of monoclonal antibodies and other approaches, that target the key molecules involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. At present the ability to block the CD20 molecule on those B cells that carry this marker has proved the most effective way to treat patients resistant to conventional immunosuppressive drugs. However, these studies have all been open label and the results of double blind controlled studies are eagerly awaited.