24例霍奇金淋巴瘤中IL-13Rα1的表达及意义

目的探讨白细胞介素13α1受体(IL-13Rα1)在霍奇金淋巴瘤(Hodgkin’s lymphoma,HL)中的表达及意义。方法采用免疫组化SP法检测IL-13Rα1在24例HL和15例间变性大细胞性淋巴瘤(anaplastic large cell lymphoma,ALCL)中的表达水平。结果 15例ALCL缺乏IL-13Rα1的表达,而24例HL中有20例(阳性率83.3%)存在IL-13Rα1的表达,两者差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论 HL中存在IL-13Rα1的高表达,且IL-13Rα1检测可作为HL和ALCL鉴别诊断的依据。     

淋巴组织增生性病变中β Ⅲ-微管蛋白的表达及意义

目的 探讨βⅢ-微管蛋白(βⅢ-tubulin,TUBB3)在反应性增生淋巴结和淋巴瘤中的表达,分析TUBB3在淋巴瘤诊断与鉴别诊断中的价值。方法 采用免疫组化EnVision法检测20例反应性增生淋巴结和126例非霍奇金淋巴瘤(包括88例B细胞性淋巴瘤和38例T细胞性和NK细胞性淋巴瘤)中TUBB3的表达,并复习相关文献。结果 反应性增生淋巴结中,TUBB3高度局限于淋巴滤泡生发中心内。小淋巴细胞性淋巴瘤(small lymphocytic lymphoma,SLL)和结外黏膜相关性淋巴组织边缘区淋巴瘤(extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue,MALToma)中,除了残留的淋巴滤泡表达TUBB3外,肿瘤细胞均不表达TUBB3。5例套细胞淋巴瘤(mantle cell lymphoma,MCL)中,1例表达TUBB3。24例低级别滤泡性淋巴瘤(follicular lymphoma,FL)中,8例表达TUBB3。39例弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤(diffuse large B-cell lymphoma,DLBCL)中,15例表达TUBB3,TUBB3在生发中心样(germinal center B-like,GCB)型中的表达高于非生发中心样(non-germinal central B-like,non-GCB)型,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。15例外周T细胞性淋巴瘤(非特指型)中,TUBB3阳性3例;15例NK/T细胞性淋巴瘤、3例间变性大细胞性淋巴瘤(anaplastic large cell lymphoma,ALCL)和5例血管免疫母细胞性T细胞性淋巴瘤(angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma,AITL)均不表达TUBB3。TUBB3在DLBCL中的阳性率高于成熟性小B细胞性淋巴瘤(P0.05)。TUBB3在B细胞性淋巴瘤中的阳性率明显高于其在NK细胞/T细胞性淋巴瘤中的阳性率(P 0.05)。结论TUBB3高度局限于反应性增生淋巴结的淋巴滤泡生发中心内,有助于低级别FL、SLL和MALToma的鉴别诊断。     

664例淋巴瘤临床病理分析

目的 根据WHO(2008版)造血和淋巴肿瘤分类标准,探讨青岛地区淋巴瘤的病理类型及分布特点.方法 收集2008年8月～2011年8月青岛大学医学院附属医院诊治664例淋巴瘤,复习其临床资料、HE及免疫组化切片.按WHO(2008版)分类新标准进行病理诊断及分类.结果 664例淋巴瘤中,非霍奇金淋巴瘤(non-Hodgkin's lymphoma,NHL)621例(93.52%),霍奇金淋巴瘤(Hodgkin's lymphoma,HL)43例(6.48%).NHL中B细胞淋巴瘤485例(78.10%),T和NK细胞淋巴瘤136例(21.90%).NHL中,发病构成比居前5位分别为弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤-非特殊类型(diffuse large B-cell lymphoma-unspecified,DLBCL-NOS)277例(44.61%)、黏膜相关淋巴组织结外边缘区淋巴瘤(extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue type,MALT)48例(7.73%)、结外NK/T细胞淋巴瘤45例(7.25%)、外周T细胞淋巴瘤-非特殊类型(peripheral T-cell lymphoma-unspecified,PTCL-NOS)33例(5.31%)、慢性淋巴细胞性白血病/小淋巴细胞淋巴瘤(chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma,CLL/SLL)32例(5.15%).HL中以结节硬化型经典型霍奇金淋巴瘤(nodular sclerosis classical Hodgkin's lymphoma,NSCHL)为多(18例,41.86%).NHL和HL患者中,男女比例为1.52:1,平均年龄53岁(2～95岁).NHL(115例,18.52%)和HL(26例,60.47%)起病部位均以颈部淋巴结为多.结论 664例淋巴瘤中,NHL发病远多于HL,NHL中以DLBCL-NOS多见,HL中以NSCHL多见.大部分淋巴瘤类型以男性发病为多,起病部位以颈部淋巴结为多.     

Cyclin D3与Ki67在非霍奇金淋巴瘤中的表达及其意义

目的：探讨cyclinD3和Ki67在我国非霍奇金淋巴瘤(non-Hodgidn’s lymphoma，NHL）中的表达及其意义。方法：采用免疫组织化学方法检测114例IXTIL和20例反应性增生淋巴结中cyclinD3及Ki67的表达情况。结果：cyclin D3在反应性增生淋巴结(不包括生发中心)中的阳性率明显低于NHL。随着肿瘤侵袭性的增加，cyclinD3表达水平升高。Ki67在反应性增生淋巴结和NHL中的表达情况与cyclin D3一致。NHL中cyclinD3的阳性率与Ki67的表达水平呈明显正相关。结论：cyclinD3和Ki67的表达与NHL的细胞增殖活性和恶性程度密切相关，提示cyclin D3在淋巴瘤的恶性增殖过程中发挥重要作用，为淋巴瘤的诊治提供新的依据和靶点。     

B细胞非霍奇金淋巴瘤PBK/TOPK表达与增殖活性的关系

目的研究PBK／TOPK在反应性淋巴组织增生和B细胞非霍奇金淋巴瘤组织（B cell non—Hodgkin’s lymphoma,B—NHL）中的表达和肿瘤增殖活性的关系,探讨TOPK在淋巴瘤组织中发生发艮中的作用及其临床意义。方法运用SP法免疫组化法检测PBK／TOPK和Ki-67在B细胞性侵袭性淋巴瘤22例、惰性淋巴瘤21例、淋巴结反应性增生15例中的表达。结果TOPK在惰性淋巴瘤中的阳性率明显低于侵袭性淋巴瘤（P〈0．01）。Ki-67在反应性淋巴结增生和B—NHL中的表达与PBK／TOPK非常一致,二者存在正相关（P〈0．01）。在淋巴结反应性增牛中,PBK／TOPK主要表达于激活的中心母细胞,同时这些细胞亦表达Ki-67抗原。结论TOPK能激活B淋巴细胞,并与B—NHL的细胞增殖活性和恶性程度密切相关,提示TOPK在B细胞淋巴瘤的恶性增殖过程中发挥重要作用,为B细胞淋巴瘤的预后削断和诊治提供新的依据和靶点。     

外周细胞淋巴瘤中TET2和DNMT3A的表达及意义

目的探讨TET2和DNMT3A在外周T细胞淋巴瘤(peripheral T-cell lymphoma,PTCL)中的表达及其与PTCL免疫表型的关系。方法应用CD3、CD4、CD10、BCL-6、CXCL-13、CD30、ALK免疫标记将PTCL分为血管免疫母细胞性T细胞淋巴瘤(angioimmu-noblastic Tcelll ymphoma,AITL)、外周T细胞淋巴瘤,非特指(peripheral T-cell lymphoma,not otherwise specified,PTCL-NOS)、ALK阳性的间变性大细胞淋巴瘤(ALK+ anaplastic large cell lymphoma,ALK~+ ALCL)和ALK阴性的间变性大细胞淋巴瘤(ALK-anaplastic large cell lymphoma,ALK~- ALCL)4种类型。应用免疫组化法检测PTCL组织中TET2和DNMT3A的表达。结果 89例PTCL中,AITL 36例,PTCL-NOS 26例,ALK~- ALCL 18例,ALK~+ ALCL 9例。在AITL组织中,TET2胞质表达和DNMT3A胞质及胞核表达的高表达率均高于PTCL-NOS和ALCL,差异有统计学意义(P均0.05)。TET2胞质表达和DNMT3A胞质及胞核表达在AITL中均呈正相关(P0.05)。结论 TET2和DNMT3A可以作为诊断AITL的分子标志物,为AITL的明确诊断提供新策略。     

扁桃体淋巴瘤470例病理类型构成分析

目的探讨扁桃体淋巴瘤的病理类型构成、年龄和性别特点。方法回顾性分析首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院病理科2007年4月~2016年11月活检取自扁桃体的470例淋巴瘤会诊病例资料,从患者性别、发病年龄、病理类型等方面进行分析总结。结果 470例淋巴瘤患者中,男性266例,女性204例,男女比为1.30∶1,平均年龄49岁(2~90岁),41~70岁为高发年龄。470例扁桃体淋巴瘤中非霍奇金淋巴瘤(non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma,NHL)467例(99.63%)、霍奇金淋巴瘤(Hodgkin’s lymphoma,HL)3例(0.64%)。3例HL分别为:淋巴细胞为主HL、结节硬化型经典HL、混合细胞型经典HL各1例。在NHL中,B细胞淋巴瘤占85.9%,T/NK细胞淋巴瘤占14.1%。构成比高的前5位分别是弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤-非特殊类型(diffuse large B cell lymphoma-non-specific type,DLBCL-NOS)237例(50.75%),男女比为0.94∶1,中位年龄52岁;滤泡性淋巴瘤65例(13.92%),男女比为1.2∶1,中位年龄52岁;套细胞淋巴瘤28例(6.00%),男女比为4.6∶1,中位年龄60岁;黏膜相关淋巴组织边缘区B细胞淋巴瘤22例(4.71%),男女比为1.4∶1,中位年龄57岁;外周T细胞淋巴瘤-非特殊类型20例(4.28%),男女比为4∶1,中位年龄58岁。结论扁桃体淋巴瘤中几乎均为NHL,B细胞淋巴瘤远多于T/NK细胞淋巴瘤;DLBCL-NOS占比最高,各类型扁桃淋巴瘤也具有一定年龄和性别特点。     

肺原发性非霍奇金淋巴瘤28例临床病理分析

目的：探讨肺原发性非霍奇金淋巴瘤( primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma, PNHL)的临床病理学特征。方法回顾性分析28例肺PNHL临床表现、影像学和病理学特征,并复习相关文献。结果28例肺PNHL中,男性18例,女性10例,年龄27~82岁,中位年龄57岁。28例均为非霍奇金淋巴瘤( non-Hodgkin lymphoma, NHL),其中黏膜相关淋巴组织结外边缘区淋巴瘤17例,弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤(diffuse large B cell lymphoma, DLBLC)5例,NK/T细胞淋巴瘤2例,间变性大细胞淋巴瘤(ana-plastic large cell lymphoma, ALCL)2例,套细胞淋巴瘤(mantle cell lymphoma, MCL)及外周T细胞淋巴瘤,非特指各1例。1/3肺PNHL患者无特异性临床症状,主要表现为咳嗽、胸痛、呼吸困难和乏力等。影像学检查多数表现为单肺或双肺阴影,孤立或多发结节,并可累及气管或支气管。随访16例,时间3~38个月,3例患者行肺叶切除术(2例术后辅助化疗),7例行单纯化疗,5例未行任何治疗。13例生存,2例死亡,1例术后2年出现左侧腹股沟淋巴结转移。结论肺PNHL的临床和影像学无特异性改变,以黏膜相关淋巴组织结外边缘区淋巴瘤最常见,其他少见的高度侵袭性淋巴瘤也可发生。确诊需依赖病理检查,免疫组化及分子病理学检测有助于该类型淋巴瘤的诊断。     

原发性中枢神经系统淋巴瘤167例临床特征及病理类型构成分析

目的探讨原发性中枢神经系统淋巴瘤(primary central nervous system lymphomas,PCNSL)的临床特征、病理类型及构成比率,分析PCNSL的EBV感染率、c-MYC、BCL-2及BCL-6基因异常及免疫球蛋白基因重排情况。方法回顾性分析167例PCNSL的临床病理资料,总结其临床特征、病理类型及构成比率;原位杂交技术检测PCNSL中EBV编码的小RNA(EBER);荧光原位杂交(fluorescence in situ hybridization,FISH)技术检测c-MYC、BCL-2、BCL-6基因扩增及断裂重排情况;免疫球蛋白基因重排检测Ig H和Ig K。结果 PCNSL占所有淋巴瘤的0. 95%;大多为单一病灶,约占60%,且多位于浅部脑组织(66. 93%)及小脑幕上(87. 40%),最常累及额叶和颞叶,51～60岁为发病高峰期。PCNSL中霍奇金淋巴瘤(Hodgkin’s lymphoma,HL)仅1例;非霍奇金淋巴瘤(non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma,NHL) 166例:B细胞淋巴瘤占158例,其中弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤(diffuse large B-cell lymphoma,DLBCL)最常见; T/NK细胞淋巴瘤8例,其中以ALK阳性间变大细胞淋巴瘤多见。13例原发性中枢神经系统弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤(primary central nervous system-diffuse large B-cell lymphoma,PCNS-DLBCL) EBER均阴性; 11例PCNS-DLBCL中1例c-MYC基因拷贝数增加,未见断裂重排; 1例BCL-2基因拷贝数增加,未见断裂重排; 2例BCL-6基因拷贝数增加,1例断裂重排;免疫球蛋白Ig H和Ig K呈克隆性重排。结论 PCNSL病理类型多样,HL和NHL均可发生,以PCNSDLBCL最多见,T细胞来源的淋巴瘤以ALK阳性间变大细胞淋巴瘤多见,51～60岁为发病高峰期。     

抗CD30抗体药物研究进展

CD30是肿瘤坏死因子受体超家族(tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily,TNFRSF)成员之一,属于I型跨膜糖蛋白,过表达于霍奇金淋巴瘤(Hodgkin lymphoma,HL)和间变性大细胞淋巴瘤(anaplastic large cell lymphomas,ALCL),低表达于非病理状态下活化的T细胞、B细胞表面,而正常细胞不表达[1]。早期研究表明,CD30参与细胞活化和分化,NF-κB等信号的传导以及T细胞免疫激活     

Level of functioning of siblings and parents of probands of varying degrees of retardation

A further analysis of already published data supports the position that retardates of low ability level less frequently have retarded siblings, retarded parents, and parents low in occupational level than do retardates higher in ability level. The analysis supports the position that there are two types of retarded individuals, persons retarded as a result of gene or chromosomal anomalies, brain injury, etc., who more frequently occur in the lower-level retardate group, and persons whose retardation represents polygenic segregation, who more frequently occur in the higher-level group.     

局部注射辛伐他汀对骨质疏松大鼠股骨髁骨小梁的改建效应

背景：局部注射具有成骨作用的辛伐他汀,可显著增加骨质疏松大鼠股骨颈及股骨髁部的骨密度及力学强度,分析局部注射辛伐他汀对股骨髁骨小梁的影响。 目的：进一步研究骨质疏松大鼠股骨内局部注射辛伐他汀对股骨髁骨小梁的影响。为将辛伐他汀应用于临床骨质疏松局部治疗提供实验基础。 方法：18只雌性SD大鼠双侧卵巢切除后3个月,制备大鼠骨质疏松模型。实验大鼠随机数字表法均分为3组,分别在实验大鼠的右侧股骨髓腔内单次注射辛伐他汀溶液5 mg、10 mg,对照组单纯注射空白载体。分别在注射后1个月处死大鼠并取材。Micro-CT扫描并定量分析骨组织形态变化。 结果与结论：给药后1个月,Micro-CT扫描结果显示,辛伐他汀治疗组的骨微结构参数如骨皮质厚度、骨小梁密度及连接率明显优于对照组。说明疏松骨骼单次注射小剂量辛伐他汀可显著促进股骨髁部骨小梁改建,改善骨骼微结构,可为强化局部、防治骨质疏松骨折的新选择进一步提供实验基础。     

石斛属民族药用植物的分类及生药学研究

中药石斛早在《神农本草经》中就被列为上品,其应用历史悠久,具有养阴生津、补肾益气、润喉护嗓、活血明目、抗癌防老等功效。本文对国内外石斛属民族药用植物的分类及生药学研究进行了综述。     

膝关节骨性关节炎的关节镜治疗体会

目的我科自2001～2005年4月对59例67膝的骨性关节炎（0A），进行关节镜检查及镜下清理术。方法镜检：膝关节骨性关节炎伴不同程度滑膜炎，滑膜皱壁粘连纤维片，关节软骨不同程度破坏。镜下清除增生滑膜，松解粘连，去除剥脱软骨、修复关节面。结果随访2月～4年，平均1.5年，术后综合评估2月～1年，优良率94％；1～2年，优良率79.2％；2年以上优良率54.8％。结论关节镜对膝关节骨性关节炎诊断能提供了比较全面的资料，并对骨性关节炎早期有良好疗效，具有创伤小、恢复快、并发症少和重复治疗等优点。     

Anatomical study of distribution of valves of the cutaneous veins of adult''s limbs

Since the cutaneous veins of the four limbs have been used as autogenous grafts in the treatment of cardiovascular disorders, knowledge of distribution of the valves is increasingly required depending upon the use. In the gross anatomical study of distribution of valves of the trunci venae, there has been argument about locational relationships between the venous roots and the valves in the vicinity of the roots and the inter-valvular distance. However, there have been only few reports discussing detailed information about valves of the cutaneous veins of the four limbs. The authors observed patterns of distribution of the cutaneous venous valves of the four limbs of cadavers prepared for practice in anatomy. The following parts were excised from each cadaver: the cephalic, basilic, and the great saphenous veins, which originate from the acral venous network and flow into the proximal deep veins, and the venous roots communicating with these veins. An incision was made on each excised vein in the direction of the long axis under observation with a stereoscopic microscope, and the inter-valvular distance and the distance between the valve and the orifice of venous root in the vicinity of the valve were measured. The inter-valvular distance varied with type of the truncus venae, and it varied according to area even in the same truncus venae.     

Pathways of the realization of immunomodulating effects of neurotransmitters

Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 115, N ^o 4, pp. 401–404, April, 1993     

Characterization of sterols of three digenetic trematodes of buffalo

Sterols of three digenetic trematodes were isolated and characterized by infrared and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies, and gas-liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Sterols identified were cholesterol, cholestanol, 24-methylcholesterol, 24-methylcholestanol, 24-ethyl-22-dehydrocholesterol, 24-ethyl-22-dehydrocholestanol, 24-ethylcholesterol and 24-ethylcholestanol.     

Mechanisms of generation of slow components of bioelectric activity in diagnostics of functional state of the gastrointestinal tract

New electrophysiologic devices were used for the diagnostics of the state of excitable structures in the gastrointestinal tract and correction of their motor functions. Bioelectrical and biomechanical activities form the basis of functioning of internal organs. The mechanisms of generation of slow bioelectrical activity that are important for clinical and physiological studies are described. One of these mechanisms is a capacitance parametric transducer converting the energy of contractions into specific electric signals reflecting muscle functions. Another mechanism results from slow oscillations of resting potentials of interrelated excitable cells in large neuromuscular structures of internal organs. The elaborated procedure is efficient for preventing early postoperative paresis of the gastrointestinal tract. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 128, No. 10, pp. 448–452, October, 1999     

胃小弯侧血管弓的MDCT解剖

目的：研究正常胃小弯侧血管弓及其属支血管的多排螺旋CT表现。方法：回顾性分析51例正常成人的上腹部CT资料,观察胃小弯侧血管弓及其属支血管的显示情况、血管弓形态及其与胃壁的关系。结果：51例均显示胃小弯侧血管弓,血管弓贲门部属支、胃体部属支和幽门部属支分别显示46例、15例和10例;血管弓与胃壁紧邻41例。结论：MDCT检查可良好显示正常胃小弯侧血管弓及其属支血管。     

Assessment of the efficacy of treatment of hemangiomas

Assessment of the aftereffects of cryoexposure and ultrahigh-frequency cryoexposure on hemangioma tissue of various types, cavernous and squamous, showed a higher cryogenic effect in hemangiomatous tissue preexposed to ultrahigh-frequency waves. A quantitative criterion is proposed for assessing the efficacy of the studied methods of exposure. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 6, pp. 669–672, June, 1995