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1.
目的:回顾性研究桥式钢丝夹板外固定治疗小儿股骨干骨折的临床疗效,并与传统Bryant牵引的疗效进行比较。方法:2006年6月至2009年6月收治的小儿股骨干骨折38例,采用桥式钢丝夹板外固定及Bryant牵引两种方法治疗。桥式钢丝夹板组21例中男15例,女6例;年龄8个月~5.3岁,平均(2.3±0.6)岁;按骨折部位分类,股骨上1/3骨折5例,中1/3骨折9例,下1/3骨折7例。Bryant牵引组中男10例,女7例;年龄10个月~3.2岁,平均(2.2±0.4)岁;按骨折部位分类,股骨上1/3骨折4例,中1/3骨折10例,下1/3骨折3例。对两组临床功能、X线愈合时间、负重时间及并发症等进行比较。结果:桥式钢丝夹板组与Bryant牵引组骨折平均愈合时间分别为(6.0±0.3)、(6.2±0.4)周,负重时间分别为(6.1±1.0)、(6.4±1.2)周,两组比较差异无统计学意义。桥式钢丝夹板组软组织并发症3例,Bryant牵引组13例,两组比较差异有统计学意义。根据临床疗效标准,桥式钢丝夹板组优17例,良3例,可1例,Bryant牵引组优12例,良4例,可1例;两组疗效比较差异无统计学意义。结论:桥式钢丝夹板外固定及传统Bryant牵引治疗小儿股骨干骨折均能获得较为理想的疗效,与Bryant牵引相比,桥式钢丝夹板外固定具有操作简单、护理方便、疗效安全可靠等优点。  相似文献   

2.
目的:探讨弹性髓内钉治疗稳定及不稳定性儿童股骨干骨折的疗效,指导其临床应用。方法:选择我院2008年1月至2010年10月的儿童股骨干骨折44例,男24例,女20例,年龄5~12岁,平均7.4岁。根据骨折稳定性分为2组,稳定性骨折组(S组)23例,不稳定性骨折组(U组)21例。所有患儿行弹性髓内钉手术固定治疗,对复位固定不满意或体重>30kg者,术后给予牵引或小夹板保护。随访观察2组骨折愈合时间,有无钉尾激惹症状(疼痛、囊肿等),愈合时X线片上有无畸形(>5°内外翻或前后成角),患肢短缩或延长及优良率等。结果:所有患者获随访,时间5~19个月,平均13个月,末次随访时骨折全部愈合,平均愈合时间10.2周(8~14周)。U组畸形愈合5例,平均成角9°(6°~12°),发生率比S组(0例)高(P<0.05)。S组骨折愈合时间平均(10.6±1.3)周,U组(9.9±1.2)周;S组患肢缩短0例,U组3例,平均缩短1.0cm(0.5~1.8cm);S组患肢延长3例,平均延长1.1cm(0.5~2.1cm),U组1例,延长0.6cm;S组钉尾激惹2例,U组4例;S组优20例,良2例,差1例,U组优15例,良3例,差3例。以上指标2组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。U组中,5例畸形愈合中4例发生于术后无牵引或小夹板组,发生率较术后牵引或小夹板组高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:弹性髓内钉对儿童股骨干稳定及不稳定性骨折的短期疗效均较好,术后给予牵引或小夹板保护可以减少不稳定性骨折畸形愈合的发生。  相似文献   

3.
目的:探讨低龄儿童股骨干骨折应用踝背伸位桥式钢丝夹板外固定的治疗方法及临床疗效.方法:借鉴拱桥力学原理及结构形式设计踝背伸位桥式钢丝夹板,并于2006年6月至2012年6月应用于45例低龄儿童股骨干骨折的治疗.其中男31例,女14例;年龄8个月~5.5岁,平均3.2岁;股骨上1/3骨折14例,中1/3骨折26例,下1/3骨折5例;横形骨折20例,斜形骨折14例,螺旋形骨折6例,粉碎性骨折5例.定期复查X线片,随访观察影像学改变、并发症及临床疗效.结果:45例患几随访6~21个月,平均12个月,骨折均在固定后5~7周(平均6周)达临床愈合.7例出现患肢软组织并发症,包括臀部压疮,足背及跟腱部表皮坏死等,经局部换药及拆除外固定后均愈合.随访期间原重叠、成角及倒方移位者经自身塑形改造,患肢均恢复正常力线关系及骨结构.根据Flynn临床疗效标准,优35例,良8例,可2例.结论:踝背伸位桥式钢丝夹板外固定治疗低龄儿童(6岁以内)股骨干骨折安全可行,操作简单,疗效满意,值得基层医院推广运用.  相似文献   

4.
Outcomes of external fixation of pediatric femoral shaft fractures   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8  
Thirty-seven femoral shaft fractures, in 33 patients, were treated with unilateral external fixation after reduction from 1992 through 1998. Ten girls and 23 boys ranged in age from 4 to 14 years. Thirteen children had multiple injuries, whereas 20 children had isolated fractures. Average follow-up was 3 years, 9 months, with only five children lost to follow-up. The average duration in fixator was 107 days. Thirty-six of 37 fractures healed, and there was one delayed union. There was minimal angulation, and limb-length inequality was generally <1 cm; 72.7% had pin-tract infections. Eight (21.6%) patients refractured; four occurred in the four patients with bilateral femur fractures. We agree with previous reports that external fixation remains a viable option for treatment of pediatric femoral shaft fractures. However, in our series, rate of refracture (21.6%) after removal of the external fixator is significantly higher than previously reported in literature. Children with bilateral femur fractures were at greatest risk.  相似文献   

5.
带锁髓内钉治疗新鲜四肢长骨干骨折1224例疗效分析   总被引:103,自引:0,他引:103  
目的总结带锁髓内钉治疗肱骨干、股骨干、股骨髁上、胫骨干和转子间骨折的疗效。方法自1996年10月至2004年6月间使用带锁髓内钉治疗的有完整资料的新鲜四肢骨折1224例,男778例,女446例;平均年龄39岁(16 ̄92岁)。骨折位于肱骨干92例,股骨转子间210例,股骨干488例,股骨髁上92例,胫骨342例。闭合骨折按AO分型:A型642例;B型364例;C型218例。开放骨折15例(GustiloⅠ型8例,GustiloⅡ型7例)。受伤至手术时间平均为8d(3h ̄33d)。闭合复位1203例,切开复位23例;扩髓409例,非扩髓815例。结果平均随访时间为24个月(6 ̄70个月)。1204例骨折愈合,愈合率为98.2%,平均愈合时间为5个月(3 ̄12个月)。骨折不愈合22例,其中肱骨4例,股骨8例,股骨髁上4例,胫骨6例,总不愈合率为1.8%。术后无急性感染发生,3例发生晚期深部感染,总感染率为0.2%。术中16例发生严重骨折劈裂,4例为肱骨逆行髓内钉固定,4例Gamma钉固定,9例为股骨逆行髓内钉固定,占1.3%。6例发生医原性神经损伤,占0.4%。股骨髓内钉主钉断裂1例,锁钉断裂9例(0.6%)。晚期髓内钉末端骨折3例,占0.2%。53例主诉髓内钉尾端部位不适,占4.3%。结论闭合复位带锁髓内钉治疗骨干骨折在骨折愈合率、感染率、出血量、功能恢复情况和早期活动方面均较满意,是治疗骨干骨折较好的方法,但  相似文献   

6.
We report our experience with elastic stable intramedullary titanium nailing (ESIN) of femoral shaft fractures in children. From 1998 to 2001, we treated 31 children (20 boys), median age 6 (4–11) years, with ESIN for 29 closed and 2 grade I open femoral shaft fractures. We reviewed 30 children clinically after median 1.5 (1–3) years. Their median hospital stay was 6 (2–20) days. All fractures were radiographically united at a median of 7 (5–9) weeks. The nails were removed in 29 children after a median of 22 (6–38) weeks postoperatively. At follow-up, we found a leg-length discrepancy up to 1 cm in 6 children and 10 degrees of internal rotational deformity in 1 child. No angular deformity had occurred. Elastic stable intramedullary nailing seems to be a safe method for the treatment of femoral shaft fractures in children between 4 and 11 years of age.  相似文献   

7.

Background

Rotational malalignment is an important and not always avoidable complication after surgical treatment of femoral shaft fractures. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of rotational malalignment in children after surgical treatment of femoral shaft fractures and to identify potential patient- and treatment-related risk factors based on data obtained from CT scans.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective analysis of all patients aged less than 15 years with femoral shaft fractures admitted to our level 1 trauma centre between January 2004 and July 2014. Patients having obtained postoperative CT scans were included for the determination of rotational malalignment. A difference of greater than 15° in femoral torsion between both legs was considered as clinically relevant. Additionally, demographic data and clinical information such as fracture type, treatment method, fluoroscopy time and operating time were reviewed.

Results

A total of 24 patients were enrolled in this study. Clinically relevant femoral malrotation was identified in 10 patients (41.6%). Surgical revision was performed in 7 patients (29.2%). There was no association between the type of surgical procedure, age and the incidence and/or amount of femoral malrotation.

Conclusions

The data suggest that relevant femoral malrotation is an evident problem after surgical treatment of femoral shaft fractures in children that requires critical postoperative assessment.

Level of evidence

Level III, retrospective study.
  相似文献   

8.

Purpose

The combination of ipsilateral femoral neck and shaft fractures remains a treatment challenge in orthopedic surgery because both fracture types constitute separate entities and require specific treatment concepts.

Material and methods

In a case control study, incidence, treatment strategies, and outcomes of this injury were analyzed. All patients with femoral fractures treated between 1 January 2001 and 31 July 2007 at a level I trauma center were included in the study.

Results

Twenty-one out of 1,935 patients (1.1%) sustained 22 combined fractures of the femoral neck and shaft. Also considering the combination of femoral shaft fractures with fractures of the acetabulum and the distal femur (knee), the proportion of chain injuries of the femur was 3.1%. The rate of multiply injured patients in the group of patients with ipsilateral femoral neck and shaft fractures was 64%. The majority of the patients could be treated with a single implant for both fracture components. The leading fracture component was the femoral neck fracture in eight cases. All fractures consolidated after 4.7 months on average; one pseudarthrosis of the femoral neck was observed. All fractures were discovered in the course of primary diagnostic measures; in 73% of the patients, a computed tomography (CT) body scan was done. Fifty-nine percent of the patients with ipsilateral femoral neck and shaft fractures received primary definitive operative care. Complications included two torsional failures that needed correction and one case of postoperative infection that was easily treated.

Conclusion

Treatment of ipsilateral femoral neck and shaft fractures is still demanding, but diagnosis has improved with regular use of CT body scans in the management of multiply injured patients. Furthermore, possibilities for operative treatment have been advanced by the introduction of the long proximal femoral nail and the antegrade femoral nail, two implants supporting stabilization of these fracture entities.  相似文献   

9.
We report our experience with elastic stable intramedullary titanium nailing (ESIN) of femoral shaft fractures in children. From 1998 to 2001, we treated 31 children (20 boys), median age 6 (4-11) years, with ESIN for 29 closed and 2 grade I open femoral shaft fractures. We reviewed 30 children clinically after median 1.5 (1-3) years. Their median hospital stay was 6 (2-20) days. All fractures were radiographically united at a median of 7 (5-9) weeks. The nails were removed in 29 children after a median of 22 (6-38) weeks postoperatively. At follow-up, we found a leg-length discrepancy up to 1 cm in 6 children and 10 degrees of internal rotational deformity in 1 child. No angular deformity had occurred. Elastic stable intramedullary nailing seems to be a safe method for the treatment of femoral shaft fractures in children between 4 and 11 years of age.  相似文献   

10.
The clinical and radiological results of femoral shaft fractures in childhood were evaluated and compared in relation to different treatment modalities. One hundred and one children (mean age 5+/-0,4 years) were treated between 1990 to 1999. 38% of the patients were treated conservatively (mean age 2,2+/-0,5 years), 32% of the patients (mean age 6+/-0,5 years) were treated by external fixation, 17% were treated with elastic stable intramedullary nailing (ESIN, mean age 5,6+/-0,8 years) and 12% underwent other internal fixation procedures. The duration of hospital stay was significantly longer in the conservative treatment group (18+/-1,6 days) than in the external fixator (12+/-1,2 days) as well as in the ESIN group (8+/-0,9 days). Radiological controls revealed a significantly better reduction of the fracture by operative procedures (external fixator,ESIN) as compared to conservative management. Complications, i.e. secondary dislocation or infection, occurred in 25% of patients in the external fixator group,6% of the ESIN patients, and in 10% of the conservatively treated patients. Late complications,i.e.weight bearing dependent pain or hypertrophic scarring,were developed in both the conservative treatment group (4%) and in the external fixator group (19%); however,no late complications were seen in the ESIN group. While each method examined is known to be suitable for treatment of femoral shaft fractures in childhood,each has defined indications. Also there is a limited possibility of fracture reduction in conservative treatment this method is indicated in younger children (<4 years) where spontaneous bone remodelling is likely. For older children the ESIN method showed a low rate of complications and demonstrates the best long term results. When ESIN is not possible because of local soft tissue damage,additional injuries,or in complex fractures, the external fixator proved to be an alternative treatment for femoral shaft fractures.  相似文献   

11.
重建钉治疗股骨干合并同侧髋部骨折的临床观察   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
王超  孙天胜  张建政 《中国骨伤》2011,24(5):426-428
目的:评价股骨重建钉治疗股骨干合并同侧髋部骨折的临床疗效及手术要点。方法:自2002年6月至2008年6月采用重建钉治疗15例股骨干合并同侧髋部骨折患者,全部为男性,年龄34-85岁,平均45岁。股骨干骨折WinquistI型2例,Ⅱ型6例,Ⅲ型2例,Ⅳ型2例,3例多段骨折。髋部骨折包括粗隆间骨折7例,股骨颈骨折8例(根据Garden分型,I型1例,Ⅱ型3例,Ⅲ型2例,Ⅳ型2例)。结果:15例患者均获随访,时间12~55个月,平均30.9个月。股骨颈骨折不愈合1例,内翻畸形1例;14例2-6个月获得髋部骨折愈合,平均4个月。股骨干骨折延迟愈合1例(9个月时愈合),不愈合2例;13例4~9个月获得股骨干愈合,平均5.5个月。无感染、股骨头坏死及超过2cm的下肢短缩。Friedman—Wyman系统疗效评价:优良13例,一般1例,差1例。结论:股骨重建钉对于股骨干合并同侧髋部骨折固定可靠,并发症少,是一种有效的固定方式。  相似文献   

12.
We report our experience with elastic stable intramedullary titanium nailing (ESIN) of femoral shaft fractures in children. From 1998 to 2001, we treated 31 children (20 boys), median age 6 (4-11) years, with ESIN for 29 closed and 2 grade I open femoral shaft fractures. We reviewed 30 children clinically after median 1.5 (1-3) years. Their median hospital stay was 6 (2-20) days. All fractures were radiographically united at a median of 7 (5-9) weeks. The nails were removed in 29 children after a median of 22 (6-38) weeks postoperatively. At follow-up, we found a leg-length discrepancy up to 1 cm in 6 children and 10 degrees of internal rotational deformity in 1 child. No angular deformity had occurred. Elastic stable intramedullary nailing seems to be a safe method for the treatment of femoral shaft fractures in children between 4 and 11 years of age.  相似文献   

13.
[摘要]目的探讨应用成人肱骨干锁定钢板微创置入治疗儿童股骨干骨折的可行性及疗效。方法采用微创小切口置人成人肱骨干锁定钢板桥接内固定治疗儿童股骨干骨折32例,回顾性分析其临床效果。结果本组32例均获随访,平均随访时间13(8~16)个月。所有患儿无血管神经损伤,无钢板断裂及松动现象,无伤口感染,骨折全部愈合,无畸形,膝髋关节功能均正常。术后4例出现过度生长,平均0.7cm,余28例全部等长。4例过度增长者未经特殊处理,均自行停止。术后3个月取出锁定钢板,均未发生再骨折。结论利用成人肱骨干锁定钢板微创内固定治疗儿童股骨干骨折是一种有效的手术方法,对复杂的骨折效果尤为明显。  相似文献   

14.
BACKGROUND: We present a retrospective analysis of a case series to evaluate closed intramedullary Kirschner wire (K-wire) fixation as a surgical technique in the treatment of femoral shaft fractures in children. METHODS: Fifty-three femoral shaft fractures (at various levels) were fixed by using closed intramedullary K-wires. The patient was placed supine on an orthopedic traction table. Under fluoroscopic control, two K-wires (2.5-3.5 mm thick) were introduced from distal metaphysis to the proximal metaphysis, one each, from medial and lateral cortices. In three distal fractures, K-wires were inserted antegrade from the proximal to distal metaphysis through the lateral cortex. Early mobilization and weight bearing was allowed. Mean hospital stay was 6.5 days, and K-wires were removed after a mean of 5.6 months. The study included seven open fractures as well. RESULTS: Sound unions were achieved between 6 and 10 weeks without any significant complication. CONCLUSION: Closed intramedullary K-wire fixation for femoral shaft fractures in children is a simple surgical technique that has excellent clinical and functional results.  相似文献   

15.
BACKGROUND: Intramedullary rods and external fixators are reported to be more widely used than plating in osteosynthesis of femoral shaft fractures in children. In our institution plating is the routine, and we are reporting our experience in a retrospective study. METHODS: Two groups of patients were treated by AO plating for femoral shaft fractures. The first included 36 polytraumatized children and the second involved 10 cases of old malunited fractures. Average follow-up for the patients was 5 years. RESULTS: All children achieved union after one operation except one. There were no major complications except one case of mechanical failure. Insignificant limb length inequality occurred in only six children. CONCLUSION: We believed that plating of femoral shaft fractures is a reasonable option in treating children with fresh and neglected fractures.  相似文献   

16.

Introduction

Stabilisation of fractures with an intramedullary nail is a widespread technique in the treatment of femoral shaft fractures in adults. To ream or not to ream is still debated. The primary objective of this study was to determine the incidence of non-union following unreamed intramedullary stabilisation of femoral fractures. Secondary objectives were intra- and postoperative complications and implant failure.

Methods

Between March 1995 and June 2005, 125 patients with 129 traumatic femoral shaft fractures were treated with as unreamed femoral nail. From this retrospective single centre study, 18 patients were excluded due to insufficient follow up data, including 1 patient who died within 2 days after severe head injury. Sixty-six patients had suffered multiple injuries. 21 fractures were open. According to the AO classification, there were 54 type A, 42 type B, and 14 type C fractures. Dynamic proximal locking was performed in 44 cases (36 type A and 8 type B fractures).

Results

Non-union occurred in two patients (1.9%; one type B and one type C fractures). Intra-operative complications were seen in three patients (2.8%). Postoperative in-hospital complications occurred in 29 patients (27%). Local superficial infection occurred in two patients (1.9%), there were no cases of deep infection. Implant failure occurred in three patients (2.8%): nail breakage was seen in two patients.

Conclusion

In this study, the incidence of non-union following unreamed intramedullary nailing is low (1.9%) and comparable with the best results of reamed nailing in the literature.  相似文献   

17.
目的探讨股骨干骨折合并同侧髋部骨折的手术方法和疗效。方法分析自2006年10月至2009年6月应用手术治疗资料完整的20例股骨干骨折合并同侧髋部骨折患者,其中男16例,女4例;年龄27~57岁,平均42.6岁。股骨转子间骨折伴股骨干骨折10例,转子间骨折按Evans-Jensen分型,Ⅰ型1例,Ⅱ型3例,Ⅲ型2例,Ⅳ型4例;股骨颈骨折按G arden分型,Ⅰ型3例,Ⅱ型4例,Ⅲ型3例。17例患者伴有合并伤。结果本组随访12~24个月,平均21.5个月。所有股骨颈骨折均愈合,平均愈合时间为16周,无一例发生股骨头坏死;股骨转子间骨折平均愈合时间为16.2周;全部股骨干骨折均愈合,2例延迟愈合,平均愈合时间为22.2周。手术并发症4例。按F riedm an-W ym an评分标准评定,优14例,良4例,差2例,优良率90%。结论加长型PFNA是治疗股骨干骨折合并同侧髋部骨折可用的有效方法。  相似文献   

18.

Objective

To evaluate the effectiveness of a replating technique having a less-invasive stabilization system (LISS) for femoral shaft fractures due to LISS failure in adults.

Patients and methods

There were 11 patients with hardware failure of LISS for femoral shaft fractures, on an average of 50 days after the primary operation. The failed implants were removed, and the fractures were replated with a LISS following the rationale of biological osteosynthesis. Radiological fracture union and incidence of postoperative complications were employed to evaluate the effectiveness of this replating technique for femoral shaft fractures.

Results

Operative duration including removing failed hardware and replating fractures averaged 81.5 min, with an average blood loss of 330 ml. Patients had an average follow-up of 25.7 months. Radiological evaluation indicated that fracture union occurred in an average of 4.4 months in all patients. The length and alignment of the affected limb were satisfactory, and hardware failure did not recur.

Conclusion

The replating technique with LISS for femoral shaft fractures due to hardware failure of LISS can obtain satisfactory results when the appropriate rationale of biological osteosynthesis and functional exercise is followed.  相似文献   

19.
Background  No consensus exists regarding the optimal treatment of ipsilateral femoral neck and shaft fractures. The three major issues related to these fractures are the optimal timing of surgery, which fracture to stabilize first, and the optimal implant to use. In an effort to find answers to these three key issues, we report our experience of managing 27 patients with ipsilateral femoral neck and shaft fractures by using two different treatment methods, i.e., reconstruction-type intramedullary nailing and various plate combinations. Materials and methods  We divided patients into two groups. Group I included 15 patients (13 males and 2 females) who were operated with cancellous lag screws or dynamic hip screws (DHS) for fractured neck and compression plate fixation for fractured shaft of the femur. Group II included 12 patients (11 males and 1 female) who were operated with reconstruction-type intramedullary nailing. Results  Mean age was 33.2 and 37.9 years in group I and II, respectively. Mean delay in surgery was 5.9 and 5.4 days in group I and II, respectively. Average union time for femoral neck fracture in groups I and II were 15.2 and 17.1 weeks, respectively; and for shaft fracture these times were 20.3 and 22.8 weeks, respectively. There were 13 (86.6%) good, 1 (6.7%) fair and 1 (6.7%) poor functional results in group I. There were 10 (83.3%) good, 1 (8.3%) fair and 1 (8.3%) poor functional results in group II. Conclusions  Both of the treatment methods used in the present study achieved satisfactory functional outcome in these complex fractures. Fixation with plate for shaft and screws or DHS for hip is easy from a technical point of view. Choice of the treatment method should be dictated primarily by the type of femoral neck fracture and the surgeon’s familiarity with the treatment method chosen. The femoral neck fracture should preferably be stabilized first, and a delay of 5–6 days does not affect the ultimate functional outcome.  相似文献   

20.

Purpose

Pediatric closed femoral shaft fractures are commonly related to a good prognosis. There is no consensus on treatment. We aimed to evaluate the treatment, features, radiological findings and management strategies, creating an algorithm of treatment.

Materials and methods

Fifty-two simple femoral shaft fractures in children were retrospectively evaluated for age and gender distribution, side of the fracture, etiology of injuries, limb length discrepancy, range of knee and hip motion and parents satisfaction with a mean clinical and radiographic follow-up of 3 years and 6 months. Twenty-eight patients were treated with reduction and early hip spica cast while 24 patients were treated with external fixation (EF).

Results

Nearly 58 % of the cases were caused by traffic accidents and were predominantly male (61.5 %). Most of the fractures were of the middle femoral shaft (57.6 %). Muscle strength was normal (MRC scale) in all patients with no pain (NIPS and PRS scale). Knee and Hip range of motion were similar in both types of treatment. Patients treated with EF had shorter limb length discrepancy compared with SC. There were no reports of re-fracture. We found a higher familiar satisfaction in patients treated with EF.

Conclusions

An algorithm for the management of femoral shaft fractures in the pediatric population is proposed. Results on the study population gave raise to a satisfactory clinical and radiological results.  相似文献   

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