大鼠中缝背核、正中隆起接触脑脊液神经元化学性质的研究

用CB-HRP追踪与免疫细胞化学结合的方法,对大鼠中缝背核、正中隆起接触脑脊液神经元的化学性质进行了研究。将CB-HRP注入第三脑室后,中缝背核、正中隆起内观察到CB-HRP标记细胞。标记细胞分布于中缝背核的腹侧部(在中脑水管腹侧呈对称性分布)及正中隆起的室管膜带。在CB-HRP与5-羟色胺(5-HT)免疫细胞化学结合的切片上,中缝背核及正中隆起内出现三种标记细胞:HRP单标细胞、5-HT免疫反应阳性细胞、HRP/5-HT双标细胞,双标细胞中为中小型、三角形或圆形。上述结果提示:中缝背核、正中隆起存在着5-HT能触液神经元。     

伸长细胞(综述)

中枢神经系统的脑室壁,存在一种特殊的室管膜细胞。主要位于第3脑室底和腹侧壁,是丘脑下部正中隆起的主要组成成分之一。这些细胞顶部接触脑脊液,底部伸出长的突起至正中隆起的外层、脑垂体门脉系前毛细血管和弓状核、腹内侧核的毛细血管袢     

大鼠室周器官内小胶质细胞在实验性变态反应性脑脊髓炎不同时期的形态学观察

室周器官(circumvent ricular organs,CVOs)是指由室管膜特化形成的位于第三、四脑室壁上的一些微小器官,包括穹窿下器、正中隆起等.小胶质细胞是中枢神经系统中主要的宿主免疫细胞,关于CVOs处小胶质细胞的分布尚缺乏形态学报道.     

垂体前叶直接神经支配的免疫组织化学研究

经典的慨念认为下丘脑的神经内分泌细胞轴实终止于正中隆起,并释放生物活性物质进入正中隆起毛细血管,通过垂体门脉系统运输到垂体前叶,调节前叶分泌腺细胞的功能。虽有报告说少量儿茶酚胺神经纤维支配前叶的血管,但垂体前叶腺细胞没有神经支配。     

正常成年大鼠中枢神经系统内nestin蛋白免疫阳性结构的分布

目的：观察作为神经前体细胞标记物-中间丝蛋白nestin在成年大鼠中枢神经系统内的分布特征．方法：多聚甲醛灌流固定的脑和脊髓组织切片上，进行免疫组织化学(ABC法)染色．结果：nestin免疫阳性主要分布于海马齿状回、室管膜及室管膜下区、穹隆下器、正中隆起、最后区等室周器官、以及脑干和脊髓的中缝胶质结构等区域．nestin反应产物定位在胞体、及其长短不等的星状突起或放射状突起内．结论：结果提示，在成年鼠脑和脊髓的上述区域内，可能仍然存在一定数量呈nestin免疫反应的神经前体细胞，其生理学意义值得进一步探讨。     

大白鼠正中隆起栅状带超微结构的研究

本文用醛-锇酸固定法对大白鼠正中隆起栅状带的超微结构进行了研究。结果表明,正中隆起柵状带内有大量的毛细血管、神经终末和伸展细胞的基突ぷ创拿秆苣谄は赴胧头?或释放抑制)激素的转运关系密切。     

SOX2在成年小鼠室周器官细胞的表达及其意义

目的探讨SOX2在成年小鼠室周器官(CVOs)细胞的表达及其意义。方法应用免疫组织化学法检测成年C57BL/6小鼠脑CVOs细胞中SOX2的表达情况。结果 SOX2在最后区(AP)、正中隆起(ME)、穹窿下器(SFO)、联合下器(SCO)和脉络丛(ChP)细胞均有强表达,且室管膜上皮细胞几乎都100%阳性表达SOX2,除SCO外,CVOs表达SOX2阳性的细胞数量明显少于侧脑室的室下区表达SOX2阳性的细胞数量(P<0.05)。结论在成年小鼠脑CVOs分布有大量的SOX2阳性细胞,表明成年小鼠CVOs可能存在具有增殖和分化潜能的神经干细胞和/或神经祖细胞。     

大鼠室周器官的形态学观察

目的 系统观察5个室周器官的微细结构。方法 对40只成年SD大鼠行脑切片，分别行硫堇和Tolivia还原银染色，以及NADPH-d组织化学染色。结果 （1）室周器官微小的体积与其异常丰富的血床形成鲜明的反差；（2）5个室周器官依体积大小次序为穹隆下器，最后区，正中隆起，连合下器，终板血管器；（3）穹隆下器和终板血管器可能含神经分泌细胞；（4）连合下器具有室管膜下神经细胞层；（5）正中隆起具有最密集和最多的伸展细胞。一氧化氮合酶均呈阳性；（6）在最后区与延髓中央管之间，可能有神经纤维联系。结论 室周器官可能是脑内体液化学信息的重要转导位点。     

金黄鼠室管膜上神经元复合体催产素能免疫细胞化学研究

脑室周围的神经元胞体和突起部分构成的系统,即室管膜上神经元复合体(SENC),位于金黄鼠的第三脑室底和神经垂体.应用免疫细胞化学技术对SENC中神经元成分进行研究。SENC中是否存在催产素和血管加压素。研究发现催产素能神经纤维到达正中隆起室管膜上并进入SENC。一些神经纤维穿过SENC到达室管膜表面和终止于第三脑室底,同时,其它神经终末终止于SENC的神经毡。这些催产素能神经纤维分泌催产素进入脑脊液。血管加压素神经纤维仅在四个实验标本中发现有一例SENC中存在。推测它来自下丘脑—垂体束的分支。SENC中既没有发现有催产素神经元,又没有发现血管加压素神经元。SENC的功能还不清楚,但是,它可能参与神经内分泌调节,在调节过程中,脑脊液中的催产素对血压,血管反射产生影响。     

妇科神经内分泌的几个问题

<正> Harris于1937年发现丘脑下部正中隆起处分泌神经内分泌物质。这一发现表明丘脑下部既具有神经特性,又具有内分泌功能,从而出现“神经内分泌”一词。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.