鼻内镜下真菌性上颌窦炎的治疗体会

目的 探讨鼻内镜下中、下鼻道双径路与鼻内镜下中鼻道两种手术方式治疗真菌性上颌窦炎的疗效. 方法 40例真菌性上颌窦炎患者行鼻内镜下中、下鼻道上颌窦联合开窗术治疗(A组),53例采用鼻内镜下中鼻道开窗术治疗(B组).术后随访1~2年,定期行鼻窦冲洗及鼻内镜复查.根据1997年海口标准评定手术疗效.结果 A组治愈36例(90%),好转4例(10%),无效0例,有效率为100%;B组治愈45例(84.9%),好转1例(1.9%),无效及复发7例(13.2%),有效率为86.8%.两组有效率差异有统计学意义(χ²=5.713, P=0.018). 结论 鼻内镜下鼻窦术治疗真菌性上颌窦炎有效,可先行中鼻道开窗术,对真菌球不能彻底清除者,加用下鼻道开窗术治疗,可以达到理想的效果.     

鼻内镜下泪前隐窝入路治疗上颌窦良性病变

目的经鼻内镜下泪前隐窝入路治疗上颌窦良性病变,并探讨其适应证、并发症及手术方式。方法回顾性分析43例经鼻内镜下泪前隐窝入路治疗上颌窦良性病变的病例,其中术前及术后病理确诊的上颌窦内翻性乳头状瘤15例,窦内病变镜下检出菌丝或孢子的真菌性上颌窦炎8例,上颌窦囊肿12例,上颌窦后鼻孔息肉6例,上颌窦异物2例。所有病例手术前均行鼻窦冠状位或水平位CT扫描。患者在局麻下以下鼻甲前缘为中心切口,解剖内移鼻泪管-下鼻甲瓣经泪前隐窝进入上颌窦腔处理上颌窦内病变,复位鼻泪管-下鼻甲瓣,缝合手术切口并行下鼻道开窗。结果 43例患者术中均完全清除窦内病变,术后随访6～24个月,下鼻甲形态愈合良好,术腔上皮化,无溢泪、面部麻木等并发症。2例上颌窦内翻性乳头状瘤术后6个月局部复发,原手术入路切除,随访1 8个月无复发。3例术后鼻腔粘连,局部分离,随访12个月无复发。结论经鼻内镜下泪前隐窝入路进入上颌窦是一种微创、安全、有效的处理上颌窦良性病变的手术方式,可作为鼻内镜下经中鼻道行上颌窦自然口开窗无法彻底切除窦内病变组织的首选治疗方法。     

鼻内镜下泪前隐窝入路治疗上颌窦内翻性乳头状瘤的疗效分析

目的 探讨鼻内镜下经泪前隐窝入路(即鼻腔外侧壁入路)手术治疗上颌窦内翻性乳头状瘤的疗效及并发症。 方法 回顾性分析2014年9月至2016年3月收治的21例内翻性乳头状瘤的临床资料。 结果 21例患者通过鼻内镜经泪前隐窝入路手术治疗上颌窦病变,术中均完全清除窦内病变,且术中、术后病理证实为内翻性乳头状瘤。术后愈合良好,无严重并发症。1例患者术后6个月局部复发,再次手术切除,现随访12个月无复发。 结论 经泪前隐窝入路进入上颌窦切除病变是一种微创、安全、有效的处理内翻性乳头状瘤的手术方式。     

上颌窦口开放联合泪前隐窝入路治疗真菌性上颌窦炎

目的：观察鼻内镜下上颌窦口开放联合泪前隐窝入路治疗真菌性上颌窦炎的疗效。方法真菌性上颌窦炎61例,27例行鼻内镜下上颌窦口开放联合泪前隐窝入路术式（观察组）,34例行鼻内镜下单纯上颌窦口开放术式（对照组）,术后随访1～2年,比较2种手术径路对真菌性上颌窦炎的疗效。结果治疗组治愈率为81.5%（22/27）,好转率为11.1%（3/27）,无效率为7.4%（2/27）;对照组治愈率58.8%（20/34）,好转率为14.7%（5/34）,无效率26.5%（9/34）,组间疗效差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论鼻内镜下上颌窦口开放联合泪前隐窝入路术式视野清晰,能全方位暴露上颌窦窦腔各死角,有利于清除病变组织,提高治愈率。     

鼻内镜手术治疗上颌骨囊肿的临床分析

目的 探讨鼻内镜下经鼻-上颌窦进路切除上颌骨囊肿的手术方法及临床效果。 方法 回顾性分析自2014年3月至2019年4月收治的上颌骨囊肿患者21例,均为囊壁突入上颌窦内者,根据影像学检查明确囊肿的大小、范围以及与上颌窦各壁的位置关系,内镜下经鼻腔行扩大上颌窦自然口或联合泪前隐窝进路并下鼻道开窗引流,尽可能切除突入上颌窦腔的囊肿囊壁,使囊肿壁与上颌窦壁融合成共腔,建立囊肿-上颌窦-鼻腔相通的引流通道。 结果 所有患者术后随访6~24个月,术腔黏膜均上皮化良好,鼻面部症状消失或明显缓解,囊腔与上颌窦引流通畅,无复发病例。 结论 经鼻-上颌窦进路切除或开放上颌骨囊肿联合下鼻道开窗引流,可以彻底切除病变或建立充分的引流通道。相对于传统手术进路刮除或开放囊肿,该进路损伤轻微、恢复快、复发率低,符合微创手术的理念,值得临床推广。     

不同径路治疗真菌性上颌窦炎疗效分析

目的:比较2种不同入路鼻内镜手术治疗真菌性上颌窦炎的疗效。方法:取鼻内镜联合尖牙窝小视窗双径路手术治疗真菌性上颌窦炎(25例)作为治疗组,单纯鼻内镜下手术治疗真菌性上颌窦炎(25例)作为对照组,比较2组术后疗效。结果:随访1～2年,双径路手术治疗真菌性上颌窦炎疗效优于单纯鼻内镜手术,2组比较差异有统计意义(χ2=4.268,P<0.05)。结论:鼻内镜联合尖牙窝小视窗双径路治疗真菌性上颌窦炎能充分暴露上颌窦窦腔,彻底清除病变,改变窦腔低氧环境,保留上颌窦窦腔黏膜的正常生理功能,真正达到治愈和微创的目的。     

经鼻内镜中下鼻道联合开窗治疗非侵袭性真菌性上颌窦炎

目的 探讨经鼻内镜中、下鼻道联合开窗治疗非侵袭性真菌性上颌窦炎的疗效.方法 对48例非侵袭性真菌性上颌窦炎实施鼻内镜中、下鼻道联合开窗术.结果 48例术后效果良好,经6个月～3年随访,无复发及并发症发生.结论 经鼻内镜中、下鼻道联台开窗治疗非侵袭性真菌性上颌窦炎能彻底清除窦腔死角病变,便于术后冲洗、观察,避免复发,临床疗效肯定.     

鼻内镜下泪前隐窝入路处理医源性上颌窦异物

目的 探讨经鼻内镜下泪前隐窝入路处理医源性上颌窦异物的方法及疗效。方法 2012年1月至2014年6月为11例医源性上颌窦异物行鼻内镜下泪前隐窝开窗上颌窦异物取出术。结果 11例上颌窦异物均一次取出, 术后上颌窦自然口引流好, 黏膜愈合佳。术后随访3至6个月, 鼻腔、鼻窦恢复良好, 无并发症发生。结论 鼻内镜下泪前隐窝入路处理医源性上颌窦异物具有视野好、操作方便、损伤小、功能保护佳的优点, 处理巨大异物优势更明显。     

不同手术入路治疗上颌窦真菌性鼻窦炎94例的临床分析

目的探讨不同手术入路治疗上颌窦真菌性鼻窦炎的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析94例上颌窦真菌性鼻窦炎患者的临床资料,分别采用3种手术径路,即柯一陆手术入路31例、鼻内镜上颌窦窦口开放入路33例、鼻内镜上颌窦窦口开放联合下鼻道开窗入路30例;比较不同术式的临床疗效。结果所有患者术后均随访12个月。其中采用柯-陆手术入路患者治愈率74．2％（23／31）,5例出现面部麻木,无溢泪及鼻腔粘连等并发症;采用鼻内镜上颌窦窦口开放人路患者治愈率81．8％（27／33）,7例患者出现鼻腔粘连,鼻内镜下直接分开后好转,无溢泪及面部麻木等症状;采用鼻内镜上颌窦窦口开放联合下鼻道开窗入路患者治愈率100％,5例患者出现鼻腔粘连,鼻内镜下直接分开后好转,无溢泪及面部麻木等并发症。结论鼻内镜上颌窦窦口开放联合下鼻道开窗入路是一种微创、安全、有效的治疗上颌窦真菌性鼻窦炎的手术方式。     

鼻内镜下中鼻道联合下鼻道扩大泪前隐窝入路切除上颌窦良性病变

目的:探讨鼻内镜下联合入路上颌窦良性病变的手术方法和临床价值。方法:回顾性分析经鼻内镜下中鼻道联合下鼻道泪前隐窝入路手术治疗27例单侧上颌窦良性病变患者临床资料,观察临床效果。结果:所有患者术中或术后均经病理证实为良性病变,排除恶性肿瘤。随访12～24个月,所有患者术腔上皮化,下鼻甲形态良好,均无溢泪发生。仅1例乳头状瘤术后2个月复发,局部处理后随访至今未见复发。结论:经鼻内镜下鼻道扩大泪前隐窝入路治疗上颌窦良性病变创伤小,手术视野广阔清晰,能够准确完整地清除病变,术腔符合鼻腔的生理结构和功能需要,具有很高的临床实用价值。     

上颌窦冲洗在鼻内镜治疗真菌球型上颌窦炎中的应用

目的 探讨鼻内镜手术结合术中冲洗治疗真菌球型上颌窦炎的疗效。方法 2009年12月至2012年12月我科共诊治55例真菌球型上颌窦炎患者,随机分成两组。A组27例,采用单纯鼻内镜中鼻道径路治疗;B组28例,采用鼻内镜中鼻道径路结合术中冲洗治疗。术后随访,比较两组疗效。结果 术后随访至少6个月,两组术中、术后均无并发症发生。A组治愈21例,有6例复发,在第2次手术时术中冲洗最终治愈;B组治愈28例,无1例复发。B组疗效明显优于A组。结论 相比较单纯鼻内镜中鼻道径路手术,鼻内镜中鼻道径路手术结合术中冲洗治疗真菌球型上颌窦炎具有更确切的疗效,符合微创理念,值得临床推广。     

经鼻内镜泪前隐窝径路治疗上颌窦病变

目的 探讨经鼻内镜泪前隐窝入路在上颌窦病变手术中的应用.方法 回顾性分析2011年9月至2014年1月31例上颌窦病变行经鼻内镜泪前隐窝径路手术的病例资料,其中乳头状瘤19例(3例术后病理提示癌变),出血坏死性息肉5例,真菌性鼻窦炎3例,炎性息肉4例.手术采用控制性低血压全身麻醉,经鼻内镜下泪前隐窝入路切开鼻腔外侧壁进入上颌窦,清除上颌窦内病灶.结果 本组31例手术均顺利清除病灶,无任何并发症.3例乳头状瘤癌变病例术后转放疗科放疗,其余均于术后5~8 d痊愈出院.术后随访5～33个月, 仅1例乳头状瘤癌变者复发.结论 经鼻内镜泪前隐窝手术治疗上颌窦病变,该术式解剖并保证鼻泪管完整,可明视下清理上颌窦各壁及隐窝内病变,有利于更好地清除病变和降低复发率.     

Chronic Maxillary Sinusitis of Dental Origin: Is External Surgical Approach Mandatory?

OBJECTIVE: The study evaluated a minimally invasive endoscopic shaver-assisted technique for treatment of chronic maxillary sinusitis of dental origin. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective multicenter chart review was performed at two clinics of all patients who had a diagnosis of chronic maxillary sinusitis of dental origin and were treated using the technique. METHODS: The patients were divided into two main groups: patients with and without chronic oral antral fistula. Data from the patients were collected and analyzed. RESULTS: Seventy patients aged 16 to 62 years had surgery using the endoscopic technique. Thirty-nine patients presented with oral antral fistula of different locations, the most common being third molar fistula (26 cases). Foreign bodies were found in 21 sinuses, among them teeth roots (in 11), dental fillings (in 7), and packs (in 3). Fungal ball was found in six sinuses. The surgical technique included retrograde resection of the uncinate process, enlargement of the natural maxillary ostium posteriorly, and removal of the polyps and foreign bodies from the sinus through the middle meatal antrostomy window. Approach through the oral antral fistula facilitated additional access to the alveolar recess. Removal of polyps from the alveolar recess was performed using the microdebrider, which was introduced through the fistula under endoscopic control through the nasoantral window. The fistula was closed in two layers. Good results were obtained in all but four patients in terms up to 3 years. No complications occurred. Overall recovery rate after primary surgery was 94.7%. CONCLUSION: Endoscopic approach to chronic maxillary sinusitis of dental origin is a new, reliable method associated with less morbidity and lower incidence of complications.     

Evaluation of telescopes and forceps for endoscopic transnasal surgery on the maxillary sinus

BACKGROUND: Contemporary endonasal surgical treatment of chronic hyperplastic paranasal sinusitis strives for microsurgical excision of all spots of irreversibly diseased hyperplastic mucosa. However, anatomy of the maxillary sinus reveals distinct hidden areas and niches that pose problems to optical and instrumental control. METHODS: The specific range of view of common telescopes (30, 45, and 70 degrees) inside the maxillary sinus after generous middle meatal antrostomy is analyzed in three different-sized anatomic specimens. The examinations are paralleled by investigations on the range of action of 14 surgical instruments. The results are visualized by means of a three-dimensional computed tomograph of all specimens. RESULTS: The different telescopes and surgical tools that are introduced via the middle meatal antrostomy reveal a specific overlap in the range of view and in the range of action, respectively. Anatomic areas that are difficult to reach e.g., are the medial and anterior parts of the sinus and the alveolar recess. An additional inferior antrostomy offers minor benefits with respect to control of the prelacrimal recess. CONCLUSIONS: Routine surgery on the maxillary sinus in case of chronic hyperplastic pansinusitis via middle meatal antrostomy does not cover all hidden niches of the sinus. The most important area that is out of sight and control is the prelacrimal recess.     

单侧上颌窦良性占位性病变手术入路临床分析与疗效

目的：探讨单侧上颌窦良性占位性病变的手术治疗方法及疗效。方法：对2005—06—2012-06接受鼻内镜手术治疗且有完整随访资料的84例单侧上二颌窦良性占位性病变患者的临床资料进行分析。其中采用单纯鼻内镜手术59例,采用鼻内镜联合改良Caldwell-Luc术式18例,采用鼻内镜联合F鼻道开窗15例,采用鼻内镜F泪前隐窝入路12例,并对术后情况进行随访。结果：全部患者随访4个月～7年,仅5例在手术后复发,其余81例在随访期内均未见复发。所有患者术前行鼻内镜、CT或MRI检查,并经术后病理检查证实。结论：上颌窦良性占位性病变以囊肿、真菌性上颌赛炎多见;根据上颌窦良性占位性病变的不同临床特点,可采用不同手术人路,既可有效治愈上颌窦病变,又可最大限度地减少手术创伤。鼻内镜手术是治疗上颌窦良性占位性病变的首选术式。     

鼻内镜下两种不同径路治疗真菌性上颌窦炎疗效分析

目的 比较鼻内镜下两种不同径路手术治疗真菌性上颌窦炎的临床疗效.方法 取鼻内镜中鼻道联合下鼻道双径路手术治疗真菌性上颌窦炎(40例)作为治疗组,单纯鼻内镜中鼻道径路手术治疗真菌性上颌窦炎(40例)作为对照组,比较两组术后疗效.结果 随访1年,治疗组治愈39例,无效 1例;对照组治愈32例,无效8例(χ²=4.507,P<0.05).结论 中、下鼻道联合径路手术治疗真菌性上颌窦炎疗效优于单纯鼻内镜中鼻道径路手术, 是一种微创、有效、安全的治疗真菌性上颌窦炎的手术方式.     

Usefulness of partial uncinectomy in patients with localized maxillary sinus pathology

Purpose

Conventional total uncinectomy may be unnecessary in localized maxillary sinus lesion. Partial removal of the uncinate process and middle meatal antrostomy would be sufficient to eradicate the pathological condition. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of partial uncinectomy versus total removal of the uncinate process in patients with localized maxillary sinus disease.

Methods

In total, 25 patients were assigned randomly to partial and total uncinectomy groups. Preoperative computed tomography established that all patients had localized pathology in the maxillary sinus. The lower half of the uncinate process was removed in the partial uncinectomy group, while the total uncinectomy group underwent the conventional surgery. Time required for the uncinectomy, healing period for the uncinectomy site, incidence of lamina papyracea or nasolacrimal duct injury, obstruction or stenosis of the frontal recess, and incidence of synechia formation in the middle meatus were compared between the groups.

Results

All patients completed the follow-up and were included in the analysis. Surgical indications included chronic maxillary sinusitis, fungal sinusitis, antrochoanal polyp, and odontogenic sinusitis. Operation durations and healing periods were significantly shorter in the partial uncinectomy group. One patient had a minor injury to the lamina papyracea and two patients showed partial synechia formations in the total uncinectomy group. However, other parameters did not differ significantly between the groups.

Conclusions

Partial uncinectomy may be useful in patients with pathological conditions confined to the maxillary sinus. Shorter operation duration, more rapid healing, and lower incidence of complications are advantages over a conventional total uncinectomy.