凝血四项检测在预防妊娠晚期孕妇产后出血的临床价值

目的 分析凝血四项检测在预防妊娠晚期孕妇产后出血的临床价值.方法 对102例临产孕妇凝血四项结果与97例正常妇女的凝血四项进行分析.结果 大多数临产孕妇与对照组非孕女性PT、APTT指标改变不明显,差异无统计学意义;TT明显缩短(P>0.01),差异有统计学意义;所有孕产妇血浆Fib水平明显升高,两组差异有统计学意义.结论 在产前及分娩过程中,对孕妇及时进行凝血四项的检测,了解它的动态变化,对预防和治疗产妇异常出血有重要意义.     

妊娠女性凝血-抗凝-纤溶系统功能检测的临床应用价值

目的:探讨妊娠期女性凝血、抗凝和纤溶系统功能检测的临床价值。方法:选择2019-01—2019-04期间本院进行产前检查的女性927例(观察组),选取同期本院体检的健康女性270例作为对照组,对以上两组凝血、抗凝和纤溶指标[血浆凝血酶原时间(PT)、部分活化凝血活酶时间(APTT)、血浆凝血酶时间(TT)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)、抗凝血酶原-Ⅲ(AT-Ⅲ)和D二聚体(D-D)]进行检测分析并比较组间差异。结果:观察组血浆PT、APTT、TT、AT-Ⅲ水平均明显低于对照组,而FIB和D-D浓度明显高于对照组(P均0.01),APTT、FIB、AT-Ⅲ和D-D四项指标异常率明显高于对照组(P均0.01),而PT和TT两项指标异常率与对照组差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:妊娠期女性血液呈高凝状态,加强孕妇凝血、抗凝和纤溶系统功能的监测,对及时了解孕妇凝血状态,提升孕妇安全,防治并发症有重要指导意义。     

临产孕妇凝血四项指标的变化及临床意义

为了解临产孕妇的凝血功能情况，本文检测了205例临产孕妇的凝血四项指标：即凝血酶原时间(FT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)、凝血酶时间(TT)，结果报告如下。     

凶险性前置胎盘患者妊娠期止血凝血功能特点及其对产后出血的预测价值

目的 探究凶险性前置胎盘（PPP）妊娠期止血凝血特点及其对PPP患者产后出血的预测价值。方法 选择2019年3月至2021年6月四川省自贡市妇幼保健院收治的76例PPP患者作为研究对象并纳入PPP组,另于同一时期选择50例健康孕妇纳入健康组。根据PPP组组内患者产后是否出血分为产后出血组（36例）和非产后出血组（40例）。比较PPP组和健康组孕妇的凝血酶原时间（PT）、凝血酶时间（TT）、活化部分凝血酶时间（APTT）、纤维蛋白原（FIB）及D-二聚体（D-D）水平,分析PPP患者的止血凝血功能特点;多因素Logistic回归分析分析影响患者产后出血的独立影响因素;受试者操作特征（ROC）曲线分析凝血功能指标对PPP产妇产后出血的预测价值;构建并评价列线图预测模型。结果 PPP组PT、TT、APTT、FIB均明显高于正常组,D-D明显低于正常组（P<0.05）。PT、TT、APTT、FIB、D-D、胎盘粘连、胎盘植入、前置胎盘为可独立增加PPP患者产后出血风险（P<0.05）。PT、TT、APTT、FIB、D-D五者联合对PPP患者产后出血预测价值最好。列线图预测模型区分度...     

临产孕妇凝血指标的变化

为 了解临产孕妇产前凝血功能的情况 ,我们对 2 0 0 2年 1月～ 2 0 0 2年 12月在我院产科住院的 36 9例临产妇女进行了凝血酶原时间 (PT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间 (APTT)、纤维蛋白原 (FIB)、凝血酶时间 (TT)等四项指标的联合检测 ,结果报告如下。1　资料与方法1.1　检测对象实验组 :孕期大于 38周住院待产的妇女 36 9例 ,心、肝、肾功能正常 ,无其它合并症 ,年龄 2 5岁～ 37岁 ,平均年龄 31.8岁。对照组 :118例健康体检者 ,选择心、肝、肾功能正常 ,无凝血机制异常及血液系统疾病 ,未怀孕的健康女性 (口服避孕药及月经期者除外 ) ,年龄…     

米非司酮对药流患者凝血功能的影响

目的 探讨米非司酮对药流患者凝血酶原时间( PT) 、活化部分凝血活酶时间( APTT) 、凝血酶时间( TT) 、纤维蛋白原( FIB)影响.方法 检测412例药物流产孕妇服用米非司酮前后PT、APTT、TT 和FIB 值.结果 服药前后的PT、APTT、TT 和FIB 值比较差异无统计学意义( P>0.05).结论 米非司酮对PT、APTT、TT 和FIB 值无影响,如阴道流血多需及时清宫.     

妊娠晚期妇女凝血四项及D-二聚体检测分析

<正>妊娠是一个特殊生理过程,由于体内各种激素水平变化而影响孕妇凝血及纤溶功能,特别在妊娠晚期,雌激素和孕激素达到峰值,导致临产孕妇出现高凝状态[1]。凝血酶原时间(PT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、凝血酶时间(TT)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)等凝血指标及D-二聚体(D-D)检测对     

窒息新生儿凝血功能变化

目的:检测分析窒息新生儿凝血功能部分指标的变化及其临床意义。方法:回顾性分析554例新生儿凝血四项指标:凝血酶原时间(PT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、凝血酶时间(TT)、纤维蛋白原含量(FIB)的检查资料,分为正常新生儿组(n=32)、轻度窒息足月新生儿组(n=143)、重度窒息足月新生儿组(n=85)、早产儿组(n=215)及窒息早产儿组(n=79),分析各组PT、APTT、TT、FIB结果并作统计学比较。结果:以上各组四项指标数据经方差分析,差异有统计学意义(F值分别为8.41、13.18、7.30、3.19,P均0.05)。两两比较结果显示,与正常新生儿组比较,轻度窒息足月新生儿组PT、APTT、TT、FIB差异均无统计学意义(P0.05),早产儿组PT、TT、FIB亦无统计学差异(P0.05),只有APTT延长(P0.05);窒息早产儿组、重度窒息足月新生儿组PT、APTT、TT明显延长而FIB浓度明显降低(P均0.05)。窒息早产儿组PT、APTT、TT较早产儿组显著延长而FIB浓度降低(P均0.05)。重度窒息足月新生儿组PT、APTT较轻度窒息足月新生儿组延长,FIB水平较轻度窒息新生儿组降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:窒息早产儿和重度窒息足月新生儿凝血功能变化明显。     

慢性丙型肝炎患者凝血功能与血清HCV—RNA含量的关系探讨

目的探讨慢性丙型肝炎患者凝血功能与血清HCV-RNA含量之间的关系及其意义。方法收集广州市第八人民医院慢性丙型肝炎患者182例。健康人群20例作为正常对照组。慢性丙型肝炎患者根据HCV—RNA含量分为A组（HCV-RNA含量：〈10^5IU／ml）、B组（HCV．RNA含量：105IU／ml）、C组（HCV-RNA含量：106NIU／ml）、D组（HCV-RNA含量：10^7IU／ml）。分别检测其血浆凝血酶原时间（PT）、活化部分凝血酶原时间（APTT）、凝血酶时间（TT）、血浆纤维蛋白原（FIB）四项凝血功能指标及血清HCV．RNA含量。分析PT、AFIT、TT、FIB指标在不同血清HCV．RNA含量组中的变化及其意义。结果除FIB值外,不同HCV—RNA含量组之间胛、APTT、TT比较差异均有统计学意义（X2PT=32．91,X2APTT=25．78,X^2 TT=43．14,P均=0．000）。各组PT、APTT、TT值与正常对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,特别是病毒含量≥10^5 IU／ml时,与正常对照组比较差异有显著统计学意义（P〈0．01）。对于FIB值,除了病毒含量≥10^7 IU／ml≥106～〈10^7 IU／ml组外,其余两组与正常对照组比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论慢性丙型肝炎患者凝血功能随着病人体内HCV-RNA含量的增加有逐渐降低的趋势,特别是对于HCV-RNA含量≥10^6 IU／ml的病人。应随时监测病人的凝血功能,以防出现严重的出血。     

悬浮红细胞联合手工分冰冻血浆输注对大量输血患者 凝血四项指标变化的影响

目的 探究悬浮红细胞联合手工分冰冻血浆输注对大量输血患者凝血四项指标变化的影响。方法 选取2013年9月～2017年4月我院58例大量输血患者,依据输血方式不同分组,各29例。对照组输入悬浮红细胞,于此基础上,实验组输入手工分冰冻血浆。对比两组大量输血前及输血后第1、3、5 天凝血四项指标水平。结果 输血前,两组凝血四项指标FIB、TT、APTT、PT水平相比,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;输血后第1天,两组FIB水平较输血前下降,TT、APTT、PT水平较输血前上升,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;输血后第3 、5天,两组FIB水平较输血后第1天上升,TT、APTT、PT水平较输血后1 d下降,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;输血后第5天,实验组凝血四项指标FIB、TT、APTT、PT水平均基本恢复至输血前水平,差异有统计学意义（P＞0.05）;且输血后第1、3、5天 ,实验组FIB水平较对照组高,TT、APTT、PT水平均较对照组低,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 对大量输血患者联合输注悬浮红细胞、手工分冰冻血浆,有助于改善凝血功能,提高输血疗效,在临床治疗中具有重要意义。     

Persistence of Plasmodium falciparum parasites in infected pregnant Mozambican women after delivery

Pregnant women are susceptible to Plasmodium falciparum parasites that sequester in the placenta. The massive accumulation of infected erythrocytes in the placenta has been suggested to trigger the deleterious effects of malaria in pregnant women and their offspring. The risk of malaria is also high during the postpartum period, although mechanisms underlying this susceptibility are not known. Here, we aimed to identify host factors contributing to the risk of postpartum infections and to determine the origin of postpartum parasites by comparing their genotypes with those present at the time of delivery. To address this, blood samples were collected at delivery (n = 402) and postpartum (n = 354) from Mozambican women enrolled in a trial of intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy (IPTp). P. falciparum was detected by real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR), and the parasite merozoite surface protein 1 (msp-1) and msp-2 genes were genotyped. Fifty-seven out of 354 (16%) women were infected postpartum as assessed by qPCR, whereas prevalence by optical microscopy was only 4%. Risk of postpartum infection was lower in older women (odds ratio [OR] = 0.34, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.15 to 0.81) and higher in women with a placental infection at delivery (OR = 4.20, 95% CI = 2.19 to 8.08). Among 24 women with matched infections, 12 (50%) were infected postpartum with at least one parasite strain that was also present in their placentas. These results suggest that parasites infecting pregnant women persist after delivery and increase the risk of malaria during the postpartum period. Interventions that reduce malaria during pregnancy may translate into a lower risk of postpartum infection.     

Dream-associated behaviors affecting pregnant and postpartum women

STUDY OBJECTIVES: Evaluate the prevalence and phenomenology of dream-associated behaviors affecting pregnant and postpartum mothers. Episodes consist of anxious dreams and nightmares about the new infant that are accompanied by complex behaviors (motor activity, speaking, expressing emotion). DESIGN: Three-group design (postpartum, pregnant, null gravida), self-report, and repeated measures. SETTING: Pregnancy and postpartum groups: completion of questionnaires in hospital room within 48 hours of giving birth and home telephone interviews; null gravida group: completion of questionnaires and interview in person or by telephone. PARTICIPANTS: Two hundred seventy-three women in 3 groups: postpartum: n = 202 (mean age = 29.7 +/- 4.94 years; 95 primiparas, 107 multiparas); pregnant: n = 50 (mean age = 31.1 +/- 5.44 years); null gravida: n = 21 (mean age = 28.5 +/- 6.34 years). INTERVENTIONS: Subjects completed questionnaires about pregnancy and birth factors, personality, and sleep and participated in interviews concerning the prevalence of recent infant dreams and nightmares, associated behaviors, anxiety, depression, and other psychopathologic factors. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Most women in all groups recalled dreams (88%-91%). Postpartum and pregnant women recalled infant dreams and nightmares with equal prevalence, but more postpartum women reported they contained anxiety (75%) and the infant in peril (73%) than did pregnant women (59%, P < 0.05 and 42%, P < 0.0001). More postpartum (63%) than pregnant (40%) women reported dream-associated behaviors (P < 0.01), but neither group differed from null gravida women (56%). This was due to different distributions over groups of the behavior subtypes. Motor activity was present in twice as many postpartum (57%) as pregnant (24%) or null gravida (25%) women (all P < 0.0001). Expressing emotion was more prevalent among null gravida (56%) than postpartum women (27%) (P < 0.05) but was not different from pregnant women (37%). Speaking was equally prevalent among the 3 groups (12%-19%). Behaviors were associated with nightmares, dream anxiety and, among postpartum women, post-awakening anxiety (41%), confusion (51%), and a need to check on the infant (60%). Primiparas and multiparas differed in dream and nightmare recall but not in prevalence of dream-associated behaviors. CONCLUSION: The prevalent occurrence of pregnancy and postpartum infant dreams and associated behaviors may reflect the pervasive emotional influence of maternal concerns or changes instigated by severe sleep disruption, rapid eye movement sleep deprivation, and altered hormone levels.     

Depressive symptomatology in pregnant and postpartum women. An exploratory study of the role of maternal antenatal orientations

Little is known about how an expecting woman’s view of pregnancy, the child, and motherhood relates to antenatal and postpartum depressive symptomatology. In this study, we investigated the influence of the maternal orientations, as described by Raphael-Leff (Psychological processes of childbearing. The Anna Freud Centre, London, 2005), on the prevalence of depressive symptoms in pregnant and postpartum women. Four hundred three pregnant women participated in a longitudinal study and completed the EPDS and the HADS-D in each pregnancy trimester and between 8 to 12 and 20 to 25 weeks postpartum. In addition, measures of maternal orientation (PPQ), personality (NEO-FFI), coping styles (UCL), adult attachment (RQ), and parental bonding (PBI) were completed antenatally. Bivariate and multivariate analyses revealed that Neuroticism and the Regulator orientation are positively associated with the EPDS and HADS-D in both pregnant and postpartum women. These associations decreased in strength but remained significant after controlling for previous responses on the EPDS and HADS-D. Small negative associations were found between the Facilitator orientation and the HADS-D scores during pregnancy and the early postpartum period. However, this association did not hold its statistical significance within the hierarchical multiple regression models. The maternal orientations have a small but significant and independent contribution in the variance of depressive symptomatology in pregnant and postpartum women.     

孕中晚期心理及其对产后应激状况影响研究

目的了解北京西城区助产机构孕妇孕期心理状况及对产后应激状况的影响。方法应用症状自评量表(SCL-90)和应激评估量表平时版(PCL-C),对西城区助产机构产科973名孕妇进行抽样测试研究。结果①除躯体化因子,其他各因子不同孕期孕妇SCL-90评分均低于全国常模(P<0.05);②不同户籍孕妇SCL-90评分低于全国常模(P<0.05),北京农村户籍孕妇的抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖与常模相比差异不具有统计学意义(P>0.05);③产后42天产妇创伤后应激障碍筛查阳性率为1.13%;④通过相关分析,孕晚期心理和产后应激水平呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论西城区孕妇孕期总体心理状况较好,产后应激水平也较低;孕晚期心理状况不良的孕妇容易在产后发生应激障碍。     

A depression preventive intervention for rural low-income African-American pregnant women at risk for postpartum depression

Postpartum depression (PPD) is a major health problem for many women, including rural low-income African-American women. Researchers have documented the long lasting consequences of PPD. The purpose of this pilot study was to examine the initial acceptability, feasibility, and effectiveness of the ROSE Program, a brief, interpersonally-based intervention in a group of low-income, rural African-American pregnant women at risk for PPD. Participants were 36 African-American pregnant women at risk for PPD who attended a rural hospital-affiliated prenatal clinic. Participants were randomly assigned to the ROSE Program or to treatment as usual (TAU). Outcomes included measures of depressive symptoms, postpartum adjustment, and parental stress at 3 months postpartum. At 3 months postpartum, the study found no significant differences between the two conditions in degree of depressive symptoms or level of parental stress. The women in the intervention condition reported significantly better postpartum adjustment at 3 months postpartum than women in the TAU group. Those in the ROSE Program reported improvement in depressive symptoms over time, whereas women in the TAU group did not evidence such changes. These results provide initial effectiveness for the ROSE Program in improving postpartum functioning in a group of low-income, rural African-American pregnant women.     

Correlation of immune activation during late pregnancy and early postpartum with increases in plasma HIV RNA, CD4/CD8 T cells, and serum activation markers

A previously observed rise in the plasma viral load postpartum in both treated and untreated HIV-positive women remains unexplained. Virological and immunological markers were evaluated in HIV-negative controls and HIV-positive pregnant women with and without antiretroviral treatment. Plasma HIV RNA, CD4/CD8 T cells, and serum activation markers were sequentially measured during the third trimester, at delivery, and 2 to 8 weeks postpartum in a cohort of HIV-positive pregnant women (n = 96) enrolled in a maternal-fetal HIV transmission study and a control group of HIV-negative pregnant women (n = 28). Mean plasma HIV RNA (P = 0.003) increased from delivery to postpartum, and mean CD4 T cells (P = 0.002) and serum β2-microglobulin (P < 0.0001) increased from the third trimester through postpartum among the HIV-positive women. Mean CD8 T cells increased from the third trimester through postpartum in women receiving zidovudine (ZDV) and in those not treated (P < 0.05) but remained stable in those on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and the HIV-negative controls. Increases in serum β2-microglobulin were correlated with increases in HIV RNA (P = 0.01). HIV-positive pregnant women showed postpartum increases in plasma HIV RNA, CD4 T cells, and serum β2-microglobulin regardless of the treatment regimen. The rise in CD4 T cells and β2-microglobulin was also observed in HIV-negative pregnant women, suggesting hormonal changes and/or labor-induced cytokines may contribute to immune activation. Immune activation correlated with increased plasma HIV RNA in postpartum women despite treatment, although HAART appeared to blunt the effect. The observed rise in plasma HIV RNA postpartum, which correlated with markers of immune activation, may have implications for enhanced transmission to infants through early breast-feeding and to sexual partners.     

妊娠期妇女血浆纤维蛋白原生成和降解水平变化

目的:分析正常妊娠期妇女凝血以及纤维蛋白原生成和降解指标的变化特征,初步探讨孕妇妊娠期间的出凝血动态变化.方法:正常妊娠并顺利分娩的孕妇96例,序贯观察她们整个孕期和产后4-9周的活化部分凝血酶原时间(APTT)、凝血酶原时间(PT)、凝血酶时间(TT)、纤维蛋白(Fg)含量、纤维蛋白(原)降解产物(FDP)含量以及F...     

N-Acetyl-β-D-hexosaminidase in gestational diabetes mellitus - a preliminary study

PurposeN-acetyl-β-D-hexosaminidase (HEX) is an exoglycosidase which has been extensively studied and which has been used as a marker for inflammation. It was therefore thought that measurement of the activity of this enzyme might be useful in diagnosing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) as this condition is frequently associated with inflammation. The main object of the study was the determination of N-acetyl-β-D-hexosaminidase activity in women with GDM and 3 months postpartum in comparison with control groups of non-pregnant and healthy pregnant women.Material and MethodsTwenty-five blood serum samples from women with GDM and women 3 months postpartum; 20 blood serum samples from non-pregnant and healthy pregnant women (control groups) were enrolled into the study. Serum was prepared from all blood samples and HEX activity was measured by the method of Chateriee et al. (modified by Zwierz et al).ResultsA statistically significantly increase in the activity of HEX in the GDM blood serum was found as compared to the control groups (p<0.05). Further analysis showed a statistically significant decrease in the activity of HEX among postpartum women, but the level of enzyme activity was still above the normal control level in comparison to the control group of nonpregnant healthy women (p<0.05).ConclusionsChanges in the activity of HEX appear to be involved in the pathogenesis of gestational diabetes mellitus. Determination of HEX activity may have prognostic significance as an early indicator of diabetes mellitus among GDM women in the future.     

Changes of differential leukocyte counts during pregnancy and in the postpartum period]

We examined differential leukocyte counts in peripheral blood from 177 pregnant and postpartum women with an automated leukocyte differential system, and compared them with those of 52 nonpregnant and non-postpartum women. The proportions and numbers of neutrophils and monocytes increased throughout pregnancy, returned to the non-pregnant levels within one month after delivery, and decreased transiently at 4 or 7 to 10 months postpartum. The proportions and numbers of lymphocytes and eosinophils decreased throughout pregnancy, and increased transiently at 4 to 10 months postpartum and one month postpartum, respectively. The proportion and number of basophils decreased during pregnancy and one month postpartum, and those of large unstained cells (LUC) decreased in the third trimester of pregnancy, and both returned to the non-pregnant levels at 4 months postpartum and within one month postpartum, respectively. These data indicate that differential leukocyte counts change dynamically during pregnancy and after delivery until 1 year postpartum.     

Cell-Mediated Immunity to Cytomegalovirus in Pregnant Women

ABSTRACT: Employing the techniques of in vitro lymphocyte transformation (LTF) and complement fixation, cell-mediated immunity (CMI) and antibody to cytomegalovirus (CMV) were studied in pregnant and nonpregnant women. The LTF activity was determined by the whole blood microassay using four strains of CMV (AD-169 and its early antigen [EA], Davis, Veca, and Towne strains), and phytohemagglutinin (PHA). Lymphocyte transformation response to specific CMV antigens at 11–30 weeks of gestation and to nonspecific mitogen (PHA) in all pregnant and postpartum women were found to be significanty depressed compared with the nonpregnant women. The lower LTF responses to CMV antigen and PHA were found in specimens taken from pregnant women at 21–30 weeks of gestation. There were no significant differences in the mean complement-fixing (CF) antibody titers and the percentage of E-rosette-forming T lymphocytes between subjects in various stages of pregnancy. In addition, concanavalin A (Con A)-generated suppressor T cell activity was evaluated in pregnant and nonpregnant women. The suppressor effect of Con A-activated lymphocytes in pregnant women was somewhat higher than in nonpregnant women. These observations suggest that CMV-specific suppression of cellular immunity may play an important role in reactivation of CMV in pregnancy.