雄激素受体反义RNA对前列腺癌细胞LNCaP生长特性的影响

目的　观察雄激素受体 (Androgenreceptor ,AR)反义RNA对前列腺癌细胞LNCaP生长特性的影响。方法　用含不同浓度雄激素培养基培养前列腺癌细胞LNCaP、LNCaPas AR(基因组DNA中整合了AR反义RNA逆转录病毒载体的LNCaP细胞 )和LNCaPNeo(基因组DNA中整合了空逆转录病毒载体的LNCaP细胞 ) ,用台盘蓝染色细胞计数法及3 H 胸腺嘧啶核苷掺入试验观察体外细胞增殖状况。结果　在 1nmol/L合成雄激素R1881、10nmol/L 17β 雌二醇和 1nmol/L孕酮浓度下 ,与LNCaPNeo和LNCaP相比 ,LNCaPas AR生长显著受抑制 (P <0 0 5 ) ,LNCaPNeo与LNCaP细胞增殖无显著性差异 (P >0 0 5 )。3 H 胸腺嘧啶核苷掺入试验表明LNCaPas AR的DNA合成明显抑制率非常显著地高于对照组LNCaPNeoDNA合成抑制率 (P <0 0 1) ,显微镜下观察见LNCaP和LNCaPNeo生长状态良好 ,而LNCaPas AR细胞稀疏且有较多细胞死亡。结论　雄激素受体反义RNA可以改变LNCaP细胞的雄激素非依赖性特征 ,抑制前列腺癌细胞LNCaP对激素的增殖反应     

雄激素受体反义RNA对前列腺癌细胞雄激素受体表达的抑制作用研究

目的 观测雄激素受体（AR）反义RNA逆转录病毒表达载体在前列腺癌细胞中的表达及其对AR表达的影响。方法 将AR反义RNA逆转录病毒表达载体导入前列腺癌细胞株LNCaP，PCR检测AR目的片段在重组LNCaP细胞基因组中的存在，RT－PCR检测AR反义RNA表达和AR mRNA水平，Western blot检测AR蛋白表达水平。结果 PCR在LNCaP^as-AR基因组DNA中扩增出了AR目的片段，表明AR目的片段整合到了细胞基因组。RT－PCR证实LNCaP^as-AR有AR反义RNA表达，且其AR mRNA水平较LNCaP和空载体转染的LNCaP^Neo显著下调（P＜0.05)，Western blot证实LNCaP^as-AR细胞AR蛋白含量显著下降（P＜0.05)。结论 AR反义RNA可抑制前列腺癌细胞AR表达。     

靶向于雄激素受体的siRNA筛选及效能评价

目的 设计并合成新的靶向于雄激素受体(AR)的siRNA序列,转染前列腺癌细胞筛选最佳干扰序列.方法 设计并合成靶向于雄激素受体的siRNA,以不同浓度转染雄激素非依赖性前列腺癌细胞C4-2,确定最佳转染浓度.以最佳转染浓度转染细胞,分为siRNA Ⅰ组、siRNAⅡ组、siRNAⅢ组、阴性对照组、空白对照组和无关对照...     

抑制核小体结合蛋白1基因对人前列腺癌细胞LNCaP增殖的作用

目的利用RNA干扰（RNAi）技术,探讨核小体结合蛋白1（NSBP1）基因对人激素依赖前列腺癌细胞系LNCaP增殖的作用。方法设计并合成针对NSBP1的4种小分子干扰RNA（siRNA）（包含1种阴性对照）,构建能抑制NSBP1 mRNA表达的重组pSilencer 2．1-U6 neo质粒,转染LNCaP细胞。应用逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）、Western印迹实验检测不同质粒对NSBP1表达的抑制效率,选取抑制效率最高的质粒转染LNCaP细胞,用四甲基偶氮唑盐（MTT）法测定细胞增殖活性,用流式细胞光度术检测细胞周期的变化。结果筛选出抑制效率最高的质粒pSilencer-81（mRNA水平抑制80％,蛋白水平抑制85％）,与阴性对照pSilencer-Neg质粒分别转染LNCaP细胞。转染60h后,经过84h、108h,一直到132h,LNCaP／81细胞A值（代表细胞活性）低于LNCaP／Neg细胞A值,差异均有统计学意义（t=4．501,4．282,5．229,4．759,均P〈0．05）。抑制率随时间延长而增加,在84h有所降低,在108h达最大值30．2％。转染60h后,经过84h,一直到108h,LNCaP／81细胞的G2M＋S期细胞百分率较LNCaP／Neg细胞的降低,差异均有统计学意义（t=3．705,3．887,8．220,均P〈0．05）。结论针对NSBP1的siRNA通过抑制前列腺癌LNCaP细胞中NSBP1基因的表达,能明显抑制细胞的增殖,NSBP1可能参与前列腺癌细胞生长增殖过程。     

雄激素受体反义RNA抑制前列腺癌细胞LNCaP致瘤性的研究

目的　观察雄激素受体 (Androgenreceptor ,AR)反义RNA对前列腺癌细胞LNCaP致瘤性的影响。方法　分别用细胞平板克隆形成试验及裸鼠接种实验观察前列腺癌细胞LNCaP、LNCaPNeo和LNCaPas AR 细胞致瘤性的变化。结果　LNCaPas AR细胞的克隆形成效率显著低于LNCaPNeo细胞 (P <0 .0 1)。LNCaPas AR细胞在雄性裸鼠体内形成的瘤体体积明显小于LNCaPNeo细胞并且形成瘤体的时间延长。结论　雄激素受体反义RNA可抑制前列腺癌细胞LNCaP成瘤能力。     

RNAi沉默PSA基因对人前列腺癌细胞系LNCaP生长的影响

目的研究运用RNA干扰技术沉默PSA基因后对人前列腺癌细胞系LNCaP细胞产生的影响。方法构建针对PSA基因的小分子干扰RNA(PSA-siRNA),将前列腺癌LNCaP系进行分组,设PSA-siRNA转染组、阴性对照组、转染液组(只由转染试剂进行转染实验)和对照组(不添加任何转染试剂)进行实验。应用蛋白印迹法检测PSA的变化,并通过MTT法和流式细胞技术检测LNCaP细胞的调亡和细胞增殖方面的变化。结果蛋白印迹法检测结果显示,与阴性对照组、转染液和对照组比较,应用PSA-siRNA处理48h后的LNCaP细胞株,PSA的表达明显降低,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。MTT法和流式细胞仪检测示,转染组的细胞生长抑制率为27.5%,且观察到更强的细胞调亡(19.3%)。结论运用RNA干扰技术沉默PSA基因可以有效抑制LNCaP细胞中PSA基因的表达,进而抑制LNCaP细胞的生长与增殖,并可有效诱导细胞调亡。     

前列腺癌细胞核内雄激素受体靶基因的筛选

目的筛选雄激素依赖性前列腺癌（PC）和雄激素非依赖性PC细胞核内的雄激素受体靶基因。方法取雄激素依赖性PC细胞株LNCaP和雄激素非依赖性PC细胞株LNCaP-AI进行培养,使用染色质免疫共沉淀技术在全基因组水平上筛选LNCaP、LNCaP-AI细胞中的雄激素受体结合位点,联合高通量测序技术寻找雄激素受体靶基因。采用RT-PCR法检测并比较LNCaP、LNCaP-AI细胞中雄激素受体差异靶基因表达水平。结果LNCaP、LNCaP-AI细胞中分别发现9021、4949个基因组测序数据富集区域,其中4143、2380个落在雄激素受体结合位点,将这些位点定位到基因组后分别得到2796、1854个雄激素受体相关基因（相同的基因有789个）。多数靶基因集中在肌动蛋白细胞骨架的调节、紧密连接、血管平滑肌收缩信号通路;LN-CaP与LNCaP-AI细胞的差异靶细胞通路为黏着斑通路。从LNCaP与LNCaP-AI细胞测序得到的雄激素受体差异靶基因中筛选出富集程度较高的雄激素受体差异靶基因2个,即LIFR、PSMA6。LNCaP-AI细胞中LIFR、PSMA6mRNA表达水平均明显高于LNCaP细胞（均P＜0.05）。结论LIFR、PSMA6为PC细胞核内雄激素受体靶基因。     

姜黄素对前列腺癌LNCaP细胞PSA生成及AR表达的影响

【目的】研究姜黄素对前列腺癌细胞株LNCaP细胞增殖的影响。【方法】化学发光法检测不同浓度的姜黄素处理前列腺癌细胞株LNCaP后前列腺特异抗原(PSA)含量,利用荧光素酶报告基因pGL-3构建含PSA基因5’侧启动子区640 bp DNA的荧光素酶表达载体pGL3-PSA,并将其转染LNCaP细胞,不同浓度姜黄素作用24 h后应用荧光素酶测定系统检测荧光素酶表达活性。用免疫印迹Western-blotting技术检测雄激素受体(AR)的表达。【结果】姜黄素抑制LNCaP细胞培基中PSA蛋白及含PSA启动子的荧光素酶活性的表达;形态学结果显示姜黄素可抑制前列腺癌细胞LNCaP的增殖;Western-blotting技术检测结果显示姜黄素抑制AR的表达,并且对AR表达的抑制程度依赖于姜黄素的浓度。【结论】姜黄素对PSA启动子的影响及PSA蛋白表达的抑制作用是通过抑制雄激素受体(AR)的表达实现的,姜黄素能够抑制前列腺癌细胞LNCaP的增殖。     

前列腺癌相关雄激素受体突变体的促细胞增殖效应

目的评价前列腺癌相关雄激素受体突变体(mtAR)对细胞生长的促进作用。方法利用三种腺病毒表达载体:野生型雄激素受体(Ad-wtAR);一个被广泛研究的前列腺癌(CaP)相关的mtAR(Ad-mtAR,T877A);以及作为对照的腺病毒载体,我们评价并比较了野生型AR及mtAR的促细胞生长效应。结果相对于被野生型或者对照的腺病毒转染的LNCaP、PC3细胞,转染mtAR的LNCaP、PC3细胞无论有无合成的雄激素(R1881)存在的情况下均显示出更强的细胞增殖作用。并且,用腺病毒载体转染T877A的LNCaP和PC3细胞显示了对R1881更强的反应性。结论这些发现提出了崭新的关于mtAR在CaP细胞中作用的细胞生物学方面的见解,并且表明mtAR(T877A)可能为前列腺癌病程的进展提供了选择性的细胞生长的便利。     

RNAi沉默Smad4基因表达对人前列腺癌细胞增殖的影响

目的 观察RNA干扰技术沉默Smad4基因表达对人前列腺癌细胞增殖能力的影响,探讨Smad4在前列腺癌恶性进展中的作用.方法 用半定量RT-PCR和Western blot方法检测LNCaP、PC-3、DU145以及ARCaP亚细胞系IF11、IA8等多种不同前列腺癌细胞Smad4 mRNA及蛋白表达的情况,筛选出Smad4基因阳性表达的细胞;针对Smad4基因不同部位设计并化学合成3对不同的靶向小干扰RNA(small interfering RNA,siRNA),脂质体介导瞬时转染阳性表达Smad4的细胞,转染后48 h分别用RT-PCR和Western blot检测Smad4 mRNA及蛋白表达水平的变化,用MTT法检测沉默Smad4表达对细胞增殖的影响.结果 检测的5种前列腺癌细胞中仅LNCaP、PC-3、DU145 3种细胞表达Smad4 mRNA及蛋白;选择PC-3细胞做siRNA转染,与阴性对照序列组(siRNA-NC)相比,转染48 h后,转染SiRNA1、SiRNA2、SiRNA3的3组PC-3细胞的Smad4 mRNA表达水平均显著下降,但仅有siRNA3组Smad4蛋白表达水平显著降低.转染SiRNA3沉默Smad4基因表达后PC-3细胞的体外增殖能力显著增强(P＜0.05).结论 不同前列腺癌细胞Smad4基因的表达存在差异,靶向siRNA下调Smad4的表达可增强前列腺癌细胞的增殖能力.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.