64层螺旋CT冠状动脉成像与心血管疾病危险分层的相关性

目的 探讨64层螺旋CT(64MSCT)冠状动脉(冠脉)成像与心血管病危险分层的相关性.方法 收集疑诊冠心病患者470例,按64MSCT冠脉成像结果根据冠脉有无病变、病变范围、钙化积分、冠脉狭窄程度、斑块性质分组;其中80例患者同时行冠脉造影术,按冠脉造影结果根据冠脉有无病变、病变范围、冠脉狭窄程度分组.470患者按心血管病危险分层分为极高危、高危、中高危、中危、低危5组,观察各危险分层中冠脉病变情况,并分析相关性.结果 470例患者中同时行MS CT冠脉成像与冠脉造影者80例,判断冠脉病变范围(χ2=3.631,P=0.067)与狭窄程度(χ2=1.639,P=0.200)两种方法间差异无统计学意义.随着危险分层的增高,冠脉病变范围增加(极高危多支血管病变值分别为1.09、高危双支血管病变值分别为0.91、低危单支血管病变值分别为1.07,冠脉狭窄程度也增加、极高危重度狭窄值分别为0.96、高危中度狭窄值分别为1.03、低危.轻度狭窄值分别为0.78,各心血管危险分层之间冠脉病变钙化积分差异有统计学意义(F=256.20、123.76、62.50、98.24、52.36,P＜0.01).在极高危的患者中软斑块比例最高,随着危险分层降低钙化斑块比例增高或无斑块极高危软斑值分别为1.01、低危钙斑值分别为1.17.结论 64MSCT冠脉成像可作为心血管病危险分层的依据,患者冠脉病变复杂,狭窄程度、钙化积分程度严重,软斑块比例较高,危险分层越高;随着危险分层的降低,冠脉病变支数减少,钙化积分降低,狭窄程度减轻,斑块以钙化斑块比例增高或无斑块.     

64层螺旋CT冠状动脉成像与心血管疾病危险分层的相关性

Objective To investigate the relationship between the risk stratification of cardiovascular diseases and the outcome of 64-slice helical computed tomography (MSCT) coronary angiography. Methods A total of 470 cases suspected to have coronary heart disease were enrolled.They all received 64-slice MSCT coronary angiography, and they were divided into groups according to the range of disease, degree of calcium scoring, degree of stenosis and characteristic of plaque. Among them, 80 patients underwent both MSCT and selective coronary angiography (CAG) at one time, and they were grouped according to the range of disease and degree of stenosis. All the 470 cases were classified as five levels according to the risk stratification of cardiovascular diseases. The lesions of coronary artery in different risk stratifications were observed, and the correlations were analyzed.Results In the 80 patients who underwent both MSCT and selective CAG, there were no significant differences in the range of coronary artery diseases(χ2=3.631, P=0.067) and coronary arterystenosis (χ2=1.639, P=0.200) between MSCT and CAG. Along with the increased level of the risk stratification, there were the more ranges of the coronary artery diseases (λvery high risk. multi-vessel disease=1.09,λhigh risk. double-vessel disease=0.91, λlow-risk. single-vessel disease=1.07)and the more degrees of coronary artery stenosis(λvery high risk. severe stenosis=0.96,λhigh risk. moderate stenosis=1.03,λlow-risk. mild stenosis=0.78). The degrees of calcium scoring in different risk stratifications of cardiovascular diseases showed significantly differences (F=256.20,123.76,62.50, 98. 24,52.36,P＜0.01). There was the highest percentage of soft plaque in very high risk patients.Higher percentages of fiber plaque, calcified plaque and mixed plaque were found in moderate risk and low risk patients(λvery high risk. soft plaque=1.01,λlow-risk. calcium plaques=1.17). Conclusions The 64-slice MSCT coronary angiography could provide a basis for assessing risk stratification of cardiovascular diseases. The complicated coronary artery disease, moderate-severe calcification, more severe stenosis, higher percentage of soft plaque are found in the very high risk patients. The lower level of the risk stratification is found in patients with the less range of the coronary artery disease and less severe degree of the coronary artery calcification and stenosis. The calcified plaque and mixed plaque are found in moderate risk and low risk patients.     

64层螺旋CT冠状动脉成像与血管内超声评估冠状动脉临界病变的对比研究

目的评价64层CT冠状动脉成像(SCTCA)对冠状动脉临界病变狭窄程度和斑块性质判断的准确度。方法 50例拟诊或确诊冠心病患者分别行64层SCTCA和血管内超声(IVUS),并以IVUS结果作为标准进行对比分析。结果 64层SCTCA诊断冠状动脉临界狭窄的敏感性、特异性、准确性分别为88.9%、96.6%、94.8%;准确检出了28处脂质斑块中的23处、15处纤维斑块中的12处及11处钙化性斑块中的10处。结论 64层SCTCA评估冠状动脉临界病变具有较高的准确性,值得推广。     

128层螺旋CT冠状动脉成像在冠状动脉狭窄诊断中的价值研究

目的评价128层螺旋CT冠状动脉成像(128层CTCA)在冠状动脉狭窄诊断中的价值。方法选择2011年1月—2013年10月在我院检查疑似冠状动脉狭窄患者305例,均采用128层CTCA进行检查,并于2周内行冠状动脉造影术(CAG)检查。结果 128层CTCA诊断冠状动脉狭窄的敏感度为92.02%、特异度为95.76%、准确度为94.87%。128层CTCA诊断冠状动脉轻度狭窄的敏感度为91.60%、特异度为98.85%;诊断冠状动脉中度狭窄的敏感度为92.38%、特异度为98.72%;诊断冠状动脉重度狭窄的敏感度为93.83%、特异度为98.16%;诊断冠状动脉闭塞的敏感度为85.19%、特异度为99.43%。结论 128层CTCA诊断冠状动脉狭窄有较高的敏感度、特异度,尤其对轻中度狭窄有更好的准确性,可以作为临床冠状动脉狭窄的常规筛检及舒缓随访手段之一,以避免不必要的有创检查。     

64层螺旋CT冠状动脉支架成像效果的影响因素

目的 探讨64层螺旋CT冠状动脉支架成像效果的影响因素.方法选取冠状动脉药物涂层金属支架植入术后行64层螺旋CT检查的病例116例,对支架部位图像质量采取半定量评价,分析支架直径、支架长度、支架材质、支架个数和钙化情况对支架部位CT图像质量的影响.结果 64层螺旋CT检出有意义支架内再狭窄的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为85.7%、90.2%、60.0%、97.4%.直径2.75 mm以上支架的CT图像质量优于直径2.75 mm及以下的支架(P<0.001),非钙化病变的支架术后CT图像质量优于钙化病变(P<0.05).支架长度、支架材质和是否多支架对支架部位CT图像质量无影响.结论 64层螺旋CT能胜任冠状动脉支架术后复查.直径2.75 mm以上支架和非钙化病变的支架病例更适合用64层螺旋CT进行复查.     

64层螺旋CT冠状动脉成像检测不稳定斑块的危险因素分析

目的 探讨64层螺旋CT冠状动脉成像(64SCTA)检测冠状动脉粥样斑块的价值,分析形成不稳定斑块的危险因素.方法 选择112例住院冠心病患者行64SCTA和导管法冠状动脉造影,均检测血清内皮素-1、基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)、白介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α和超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP).以冠状动脉造影为标准评价64SCTA检测冠状动脉斑块的作用;根据检测正确的粥样斑块CT值将患者分为软斑块组(51例)和非软斑块组(61例),比较两组各检测指标的差异,分析软斑块形成的危险因素. 结果 64SCTA检测冠状动脉斑块的灵敏度为87.4%,特异度为87.1%,阳性预测值82.2%,阴性预测值91.0%.软斑块组与非软斑块组比较,MMP-9、IL-6、hs-CRP、冠状动脉病变数及诊断、性别和糖尿病的构成比差异有统计学意义.Logistic回归分析显示,MMP-9>5.231 ng/L(P=0.0215,OR=2.33,95%CI 1.13～4.79)、hs-CRP>3.583 mg/L(P=0.0008,OR=4.32,95%CI 1.84～10.15)和不稳定心绞痛(P=0.0339,0R=4.33,95%CI 1.12～16.77)为软斑块形成的危险因素.结论 64SCTA检测冠状动脉斑块价值较高,是目前无创方法检测冠状动脉斑块最为可靠的手段之一.MMP-9、hs-CRP和不稳定心绞痛为不稳定斑块的独立危险因素.     

冠状动脉钙化积分与冠心病危险因素的相关性

目的经多层冠状动脉CT检查测定的冠状动脉钙化积分对冠心病的诊断具有一定预测价值。而冠心病的危险因素与冠心病的发生、发展、结局和预后密切相关。我们旨在探讨冠状动脉钙化积分与冠心病诸多危险因素之间是否具有相关性。方法入选2001年1月至2007年3月在全国20家医院住院疑诊冠心病患者,采用16排或64排螺旋CT进行冠状动脉增强扫描,并运用自动分析软件进行冠脉钙化积分分析,共入选患者311例,根据冠状动脉钙化积分值分为低分值组（0～12）、中分值组（13～445）和高分值组（446以上）,比较冠状动脉钙化积分与冠心病危险因素之间的关系。结果不同冠状动脉钙化积分分组之间,平均年龄、冠心病家族史比例、高密度脂蛋白数值和糖尿病比例等方面存在差异,P〈0.05。多元Logistic回归分析显示,疑诊冠心病患者年龄（OR=1.061,95%CI1.004～1.121,P=0.036）和低HDL-C水平（OR=0.321,95%CI0.113～0.909,P=0.032）是冠状动脉钙化积分的显著相关危险因素。结论年龄、冠心病家族史、低HDL和糖尿病等冠心病危险因素与冠状动脉钙化密切相关,合并多种冠心病危险因素的患者,尤其是老年和低HDL-C患者,行多层冠状动脉CT检查及冠状动脉钙化积分测定,对冠心病的早期诊断具有一定帮助。     

64层螺旋CT成像与导管法造影检测冠状动脉狭窄的对照研究

目的探讨64层螺旋CT对冠状动脉粥样硬化病变的显示情况及临床价值。方法对69例临床诊断或疑诊冠心病的患者行64层螺旋CT冠状动脉成像检查及导管法冠状动脉造影。冠状动脉管腔内径减少>50%定义为显著狭窄。结果在69例患者冠状动脉的788节段(血管直径≥1.5mm)中,CT图像能够满足管腔评价者为778节段(98.7%),其中64层螺旋CT显示中度或中度以上狭窄(≥50%)的敏感性和特异性分别为81.9%和99.0%,阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为95.9%和95.1%。如果在方法学上进行校正,敏感性将达91.8%。结论64层螺旋CT显示冠状动脉狭窄的准确性(95.2%)较高,在冠状动脉疾病的初步诊断以及介入治疗的筛选方面,是一种颇具潜力的无创性检查方法,但尚不能完全取代传统的导管法冠状动脉造影。     

Meta分析64层螺旋CT对冠状动脉狭窄或阻塞的诊断价值

目的探讨用Meta分析方法评价64层螺旋CT对冠状动脉狭窄的诊断价值。方法在Medline、Cochrane图书馆及中国数字化期刊网/万方数据库检索2005年1月~2007年3月有关64层螺旋CT对比冠状动脉造影在冠状动脉疾病诊断价值的文献。数据处理采用随机效应模型。结果共纳入16篇参考文献的关于64层螺旋CT对比冠状动脉造影的应用研究,冠状动脉节段共计12615段,4.2%的冠状动脉段无法评价被排除。冠状动脉总体敏感性90.7%,特异性95.9%,阳性似然比23.05,阴性似然比0.08,阳性预测值83.6%,阴性预测值97.3%,OR值297.37,SROC曲线下面积0.9876。结论64层螺旋CT在冠心病高危人群有很高的诊断价值,可以作为重要的筛查和诊断方法之一。     

64排螺旋CT冠状动脉成像在冠状动脉病变诊断中的临床研究

目的探讨和评价64排螺旋CT（MSCT）在冠心病诊断中的有效性。方法选取在3周内行64排MSCT和冠状动脉造影（CAG）检查的临床可疑或确诊冠心病的患者（两项检查平均间隔时间9d）114例，其中男性62例，平均年龄65岁。将MSCT和CAG检查结果进行分析，管腔狭窄≥50％定义为明显狭窄。结果在114例患者中，CAG检出至少有1处明显狭窄的患者106例，其中单支病变占33％（38例），多支病变占60％（68例）。MSCT检出其中的104例（诊断准确度95％）。按节段分析，MSCT诊断冠状动脉明显狭窄的灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为87％、96％、86％、96％。以各冠状动脉分析，MSCT诊断冠状动脉明显狭窄的灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为96％、94％、95％、96％。MSCT与CAG在发现冠状动脉明显狭窄上差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论64排MSCT诊断冠状动脉狭窄的准确度较高，作为一种冠心病诊断的无创筛查手段，有广泛的临床应用价值。     

Non-invasive coronary angiography with 64-slice computed tomography

Multislice computed tomography is a rapidly emerging technique for the non-invasive visualization of coronary arteries. Over the past 5 years several scanner generation were introduced with a progressive improvement in the diagnostic accuracy in the detection of coronary artery stenosis in selected patients populations. The introduction of 64-slice technology has further improved the diagnostic performance. This technique is at the edge of clinical implementation and, even though large clinical trials are still missing, an increased demand for these type of studies is observed all over the world. We describe our experience of more than 1 year with 64-slice CT coronary angiography providing clues on reasonable clinical applications.     

64层CT冠状动脉成像技术和冠状动脉造影对冠状动脉疾病诊断的对照研究

目的比较64层计算机断层摄影扫描冠状动脉成像技术(64-slice computed tomography coronaryangiography,64-SCTCA)和冠状动脉造影(coronary artery angiography,CAG)在冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(冠心病)诊断中的价值。方法回顾性分析126例疑似冠心病的患者64-SCTCA和CAG检查资料,并对两组资料进行对比分析。结果 64-SCTCA和CAG检查结果中可用于评价的病变血管段支数比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。CAG共发现≥50%狭窄节段242个,64-SCTCA共发现≥50%狭窄节段199个,两种检查方法对病变狭窄的显示情况比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。全部126例冠心病患者中有91%通过64-SCTCA发现(110/121)。64-SCTCA诊断冠状动脉病变血管的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为81.6%、98.8%、79.5%、99%。结论 64-SCTCA可作为冠心病无创、便捷、可靠的检查方法。     

64层螺旋CT与冠状动脉造影诊断冠状动脉狭窄的对比研究

目的评价64层螺旋CT冠状动脉成像(64-slice spiral computed tomographic coronary angiography,64-SCTCA)对冠状动脉各节段狭窄病变的诊断价值。方法85例疑诊为冠状动脉性心脏病(冠心病)患者,先后行64-SCTCA和冠状动脉造影(coronary angiography,CAG)检查,评价64-SCTCA诊断冠状动脉各节段狭窄病变的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值和准确性。结果①在CAG可清晰显影的744个节段中,64-SCTCA造影可清晰显示和评价的占639段(85.89%),另外105段(14.11%)显影不清。左主干和前降支可评价节段的比例显著高于左回旋支和右冠状动脉(P0.001),同一支血管中近段可评价的比例显著高于远段(P0.001);②64-SCTCA诊断冠心病的敏感度、特异度、准确度、阳性和阴性预测值分别为96.23%、90.63%、94.44%、93.55%、94.12%。按可评价节段计算,64-SCTCA诊断冠状动脉各节段有意义狭窄病变总的敏感性、特异性、准确性、阳性和阴性预测值分别为89.06%、95.89%、84.44%、95.33%、94.32%;③按可评价节段计算,64-SCTCA对诊断左主干、左前降支、左回旋支和右冠状动脉各节段病变的价值相似,但检测冠状动脉近中段病变的价值高于远段(χ2=4.66,P=0.03)。结论64-SCTCA对冠状动脉狭窄病变有较好的诊断价值,其检测左主干和左前降支病变的价值高于左回旋支和右冠状动脉,对冠状动脉近段病变的诊断价值高于远段,适合于冠心病的筛查。     

Diagnostic accuracy of noninvasive coronary angiography using 64-slice spiral computed tomography

OBJECTIVES: The aim of our study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of multislice computed tomography (MSCT) coronary angiography using a new 64-slice scanner. BACKGROUND: The new 64-slice MSCT scanner has improved spatial resolution of 0.4 mm and a faster rotation time (330 ms) compared to prior MSCT scanners. METHODS: We studied 70 consecutive patients undergoing elective invasive coronary angiography. Patients were excluded for atrial fibrillation, but not for high heart rate, coronary calcification, or obesity. All vessels were analyzed, including those <1.5 mm in diameter; MSCT lesions were analyzed quantitatively as well as by a qualitative scale and compared to quantitative coronary angiography (QCA). Results were also analyzed for significant coronary stenoses (over 50% luminal narrowing) by segment, by artery, and by patient. RESULTS: All scans showed diagnostic image quality. Of 1,065 segments, 935 (88%) could be evaluated, and 773 of 935 (83%) could be assessed quantitatively by both MSCT and QCA. The Spearman correlation coefficient between MSCT and QCA was 0.76 (p < 0.0001). Bland-Altman analysis demonstrated a mean difference in percent stenosis of 1.3 +/- 14.2%. A total of 26% of patients had calcium scores above 400 Agatston U, 25% had heart rates >70 beats/min, and 50% were obese. Specificity, sensitivity, and positive and negative predictive values for the presence of significant stenoses were: by segment (n = 935), 86%, 95%, 66%, and 98%, respectively; by artery (n = 279), 91%, 92%, 80%, and 97%, respectively; by patient (n = 70), 95%, 90%, 93%, and 93%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate high quantitative and qualitative diagnostic accuracy of 64-slice MSCT in comparison to QCA in a broad spectrum of patients.     

64层螺旋CT冠状动脉成像对冠心病诊断的应用价值

目的 通过探讨64层螺旋CT冠状动脉成像(64-SCTCA)对冠心病诊断的应用价值以明确临床上适于该项检查的人群.方法 回顾性分析285例接受64-SCTCA检查、并于4周内接受冠状动脉造影(CAG)检查的冠心病疑诊患者的临床资料.依照冠心病概率Duke模型,将受检者分为冠心病低危(n=80)、中危(n=92)和高危(n=113)3组,以CAG为"金标准",判断64-SCTCA诊断冠心病的准确性以及冠状动脉钙化、不同部位血管节段等因素对诊断准确性的影响.结果 64-SCTCA诊断冠心病的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值和诊断准确指\数分别为81.2%、93.3%、68.0%、96.6%和74.5%.冠心病概率Duke模型的低危组、中危组和高危组,其冠心病检出率分别为46.3%、72.8%和82.3%;64-SCTCA在低危组诊断冠心病的敏感性及阳性预测值明显低于中危组和高危组.对于冠状动脉Agatston钙化积分＞400分组,64-SCTCA诊断冠心病的敏感性(95.0%)明显高于0～100分组和101～400分组(77.4%和77.3%,P均＜0.05),特异性(82.2%)明显低于上述两组(94.0%和95.3%,P均＜0.05).其诊断远端血管病变的敏感性、阳性预测值均明显低于近、中段血管(P均＜0.05).结论 64-SCTCA主要适用于冠心病概率Duke模型临床分层的中危人群.其诊断准确性受冠状动脉钙化、病变部位、管腔直径等因素影响.     

Comparison of accuracy of 64-slice cardiovascular computed tomography with coronary angiography in patients with suspected coronary artery disease

Cardiovascular computed tomography (CVCT) with the recently released 64-slice technology increases spatial resolution and decreases acquisition times and slice thickness. We investigated the accuracy of 64-slice CVCT in relation to catheter angiography. We studied 66 sequential subjects who underwent 64-slice CVCT and catheter angiography within 30 days. Accuracy results were 94% for interpretable images, 95% for sensitivity, 96% for specificity, 97% for positive predictive value, and 92% for negative predictive value for lesions with >50% stenosis. We found 100% agreement between 64-slice CVCT and catheterization among vein graft evaluations (9 of 9). These metrics are vastly improved from the 16-slice generation and support 64-slice CVCT as a reliable diagnostic tool.