腹腔镜胆囊切除术前行胃镜检查的必要性

目的：探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术前行胃镜检查的必要性。
方法：回顾分析近5年间500例行LC的患者中,对年龄大于50岁的70例术前及术后行胃镜检查的临床资料进行回顾性分析,其中60例术前行胃镜检查,10例术后行胃镜检查。
结果：发现3例合并胃癌(4.3%),11例合并胃或十二指肠溃疡(15.7%),4例有胃息肉(5.7%),1例有食管不典型增生(1.4%),6例伴有急性胃炎(8.6%)。胃镜检查合并有其他疾病总数为26例(37.1%)。
结论：腹腔镜胆囊切除术前行胃镜检查是必要的,可以避免胃肠疾病的漏诊。

     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术前胃镜检查价值

目的探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术(laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC)前胃镜检查的价值. 方法 2000年5月～2003年5月我们对434例40岁以下伴有上消化道症状及40岁以上患者LC术前行胃镜检查. 结果 434例LC术前胃镜检查发现6例上消化道肿瘤,占1.4%(6/434),其中食管癌1例,贲门胃底癌3例,胃窦癌1例,十二指肠球部腺癌1例. 结论胆囊疾患合并上消化道肿瘤比例虽不是太高,但漏诊后果严重,建议LC术前选择性行胃镜检查.     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术前上消化道检查的必要性

目的 :探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术前行上消化道检查的必要性。方法 :对 1796例 5 0岁以上胆囊疾病患者行上消化道钡剂或电子胃镜检查。结果 :首次诊断胃癌 4例 ,占 0 2 2 % (4 1796 )。结论 :腹腔镜胆囊切除术前应常规行上消化道检查 ,以免遗漏需手术处理的腹腔内外科病变 ,如胃癌等 ,特别是胆囊结石症状不典型、贫血和年龄偏大者。     

胆囊切除术前上消化道检查的临床意义

目的: 调查术前上消化道检查对预测胆囊切除术后综合征的意义. 方法: 回顾调查了1997年1月~2000年10月在我院行胆囊切除术的患者1245例,其中522例术前行上消化道内镜检查,178例行上消化道钡餐造影检查,232例行上腹部平片检查.其中53例行胆囊造漏术,764例行胆囊切除术,52例行其他手术. 结果: 上消化道内镜检查发现166例合并浅表性胃炎,36例合并肥厚性胃炎,12例合并萎缩性胃炎,5例合并霉菌性胃炎,6例合并胃息肉,4例合并胃癌,25例合并上消化性溃疡,11例合并十二指肠乳头旁憩室,10例合并十二指肠滞留,2例合并轻中度食道静脉曲张,245例上消化道内镜检查无异常.上消化道钡餐造影检查发现8例合并十二指肠滞留,7例合并十二指肠乳头旁憩室,22例合并上消化性溃疡,141例上消化道钡餐造影检查正常.腹部平片检查对术前诊断无临床指导意义.术后59例产生了并发症及后遗症,如:胆道感染、急性胰腺炎、胆道蛔虫感染、胆瘘、胆道损伤以及肠粘连等. 结论: 胆囊术后综合征的发生与外科技术和其他上消化道并存疾病有关.术前上消化道检查对于预测胆囊术后综合征具有重要意义.     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术后残余胆囊结石的外科处理

目的探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术后残余胆囊结石的治疗和预防方法。方法回顾分析16例腹腔镜胆囊切除术后残余胆囊结石患者的诊治经过。结果结合彩超、MRCP、ERCP等检查方法均可确定诊断,通过开腹或腹腔镜下残余胆囊切除术,术后患者临床症状均有效缓解,无严重并发症。结论对于残余胆囊应该重视初次手术中的预防。腹腔镜下残余胆囊切除术安全可靠。当合并胆总管结石时,可联合内镜和腹腔镜分次治疗。术中胆道造影或胆道镜检查可增加手术安全。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术在合并肝硬化患者中的应用

目的探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术（LC）在治疗胆囊良性病变合并肝硬化患者中的意义。方法对我院自1999年以来44例胆囊良性病变合并肝硬化（Child-Pugh肝功能分级为A或B级）的患者在腹腔镜下行胆囊切除进行回顾性分析。结果大部分患者术后恢复良好,仅4例术后出现腹水,经护肝、营养支持及利尿治疗,7d后腹水均消失,无1例出现肝昏迷和死亡。结论：在术前充分做好各项检查及准备,术中及术后恰当的处理,胆囊良性病变合并肝硬化的腹腔镜手术治疗是安全有效的;但术中操作应注意避开曲张的血管、严密止血,注意无菌操作,防止腹腔内污染。     

胆囊结石合并胆囊结肠瘘或胆囊十二指肠瘘的诊治

目的：探讨胆囊结石合并胆囊结肠瘘或胆囊十二指肠瘘的原因及腹腔镜手术治疗。方法：回顾分析2000年至2006年收治的12例患者的临床资料。结果：胆囊结石合并胆囊结肠瘘或胆囊十二指肠瘘占胆囊结石合并症的3．2％,有严重急性胆囊炎史,B超及术中探查见胆囊萎缩,术中造影可确诊。本组12例均在腹腔镜下完成手术,术后无明显并发症。结论：对有急性胆囊炎病史,术前或术中发现胆囊萎缩的病例应考虑到胆囊结肠瘘或胆囊十二指肠瘘,确诊后可行腹腔镜外科手术。     

浅谈糖尿病患者行腹腔镜胆囊切除术护理体会

目的总结合并糖尿病患者行腹腔镜胆囊切除术的围手术期的护理经验,提高护理水平.方法对50例合并糖尿病的患者术前、术中、术后采取有针对性的护理措施,特别是针对高血糖采取有效的护理措施.结果本组病例术中及术后均无明显并发症发生,术后痊愈率100％.结论加强围手术期的观察和护理,对合并糖尿病患者行腹腔镜胆囊切除术的治疗起着重要作用.     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术在基层医院的应用

目的：总结腹腔镜胆囊切除术在基层医院的应用体会。方法：回顾分析560例患者施行腹腔镜胆囊切除术的临床资料，从病史、术前辅助检查、术中探查和胆道造影、术后观察等几方面分析判断手术难易程度及中转时机，同时对腹腔镜胆囊切除术并发症进行分析。结果：腹腔镜胆囊切除术困难因素主要为病程长、高龄或合并糖尿病、高血压、反复急性发作或治疗效果不佳，肝功能异常。B超: 胆囊轮廓不清；壁厚大于5 mm；液性暗区消失或结石嵌顿；胆囊偏离正常大小等。对于术中所见胆囊管增粗或胆总管扩张，胆囊为泥沙样结石或细小结石，以及以往曾有肝功能异常或胆源性胰腺炎等情况，应行术中胆道造影，以防胆道结石残留。结论：LC虽然是微创手术，但总的术后并发症并不低，基层医院要加强围手术期综合判断，提高手术技巧和能力，规避因条件限制所带来的风险。     

老年患者腹腔镜胆囊切除术围手术期的处理

目的:总结老年胆囊良性疾病50例腹腔镜胆囊切除术围手术期的处理经验。方法:为50例60岁以上的老年胆囊疾病患者行腹腔镜胆囊切除术。术前除常规检查外,特别注意心、肺功能及血糖的检查和治疗术中监测血气和血氧饱和度;术后侧重观察心肺功能和测定血糖。结果:45例完成腹腔镜胆囊切除术,5例中转开腹;腹腔镜胆囊切除患者术后24h均恢复胃肠道功能,除1例因切口感染外,余顺利康复出院,平均住院5.2d。结论:合理且周密的围手术期处理是保证老年患者耐受腹腔镜胆囊切除术的重要环节。     

Delayed diagnosis of malignant tumors missed at laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Background: The aim of this study was to compare the significance of routine examinations prior to laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) with intraoperative abdominal investigation. Preoperative evaluation becomes increasingly important when laparoscopic procedures are performed for the removal of gallstones because other intraabdominal diseases may coexist in these patients, mimicking biliary tract disease. Methods: Over the last 6 years, we treated 816 patients with symptomatic cholecystolithiasis using LC. Prior to surgery, routine tests such as upper abdominal ultrasonography, chest radiography, and standard laboratory blood tests were carried out. Results: Despite these routine tests, coexisting colonic cancers escaped detection in four out of 816 cases. This indicates a risk of more ``missed pathologies' during the course of laparoscopic operations compared to standard laparotomy. Conclusion: The risk of missing coexisting diseases during laparoscopic operations has to be minimized by placing additional emphasis on careful evaluation of anamnesis. Physical examination and additional laboratory tests—such as analysis of tumor markers and blood in the stool—combined with complete abdominal ultrasonography, gastroscopy, and/or complete colonoscopy should be performed prior to LC. Received: 6 October 1996/Accepted: 19 February 1997     

Outcome and patient acceptance of outpatient laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate patients' experience and the outcome of outpatient laparoscopic cholecystectomy performed by a single upper gastrointestinal surgeon at a district hospital. METHODS: Between November 1999 and May 2003, 100 patients underwent outpatient laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Patients were followed up at 2 weeks as outpatients, and a questionnaire was mailed to all patients to assess their experiences. RESULTS: None of the patients required conversion to open cholecystectomy. One patient required admission to the hospital following drain insertion, and one patient was readmitted for pain control. One patient developed an epigastric port infection that resolved with antibiotics. Sixty-eight of the 100 patients completed the postal questionnaire. Thirty-five patients rated their overall experience as excellent. Twenty-three patients experienced very mild or no pain. All patients' right upper quadrant pain subsided or improved following surgery except one patient who stated that it became worse. Sixty-three patients (92.7%) stated they would recommend outpatient laparoscopic cholecystectomy to a friend or relative. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be performed safely as an outpatient procedure with a high acceptance and satisfaction rate in select patients.     

双镜联合技术在胃间质瘤切除术中的应用

目的探讨腹腔镜与胃镜双镜联合手术治疗胃间质瘤的可行性和安全性。方法对2003年12月至2009年12月间采用腹腔镜与胃镜双镜联合行胃间质瘤切除手术的23例患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,其中18例行经胃镜定位腹腔镜胃腔外胃部分切除术、1例行经胃镜定位腹腔镜胃腔内胃部分切除术、4例行胃镜下肿瘤切除联合腹腔镜胃壁修补缝合术。结果 23例手术均获成功,无中转开腹,无手术死亡和并发症。手术时间30～95min,平均(66.5±20.1)min,术中出血量1~20ml,平均(12.0±17.1)m1,术后平均住院日(4.9±1.8)d。术后病理结果示:极低度风险15例、低度风险8例。随访3～75个月,无肿瘤复发和远处转移。结论腹腔镜和胃镜双镜联合手术治疗胃间质瘤是安全可行的,近期疗效令人满意,远期结果有待进一步观察。     

A survey of the timing and approach to the surgical management of cholelithiasis in patients with acute biliary pancreatitis and acute cholecystitis in the UK

BACKGROUND: Recent management guidelines and randomised clinical trials have provided evidence-based guidance to the management of acute biliary pancreatitis and acute cholecystitis. METHODS: A questionnaire was sent to the 1086 members of the Association of Surgeons of Great Britain and Ireland. There were 583 responders (54%). RESULTS: A policy of cholecystectomy during the index admission or within 4 weeks in fit patients recovering from mild acute biliary pancreatitis was adopted by 58% of surgeons, and was significantly associated with an upper gastrointestinal and hepato-pancreato-biliary subspecialty interest and a volume of more than 50 cholecystectomies per annum (OR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.26-0.72; P = 0.001: and OR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.29-0.74; P = 0.001, respectively). A policy of urgent cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis was adopted by 20% of surgeons, and was significantly associated with an upper gastrointestinal/hepato-pancreato-biliary subspecialty interest and the 'routine' adoption of laparoscopic approach to cholecystectomy (OR, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.19-0.60; P < 0.001: and OR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.3-0.86; P = 0.01, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The management of cholelithiasis in patients with acute biliary pancreatitis in the UK remains suboptimal. Moreover, only a minority of surgeons offer patients presenting with acute cholecystitis the benefits of early laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The management of acute biliary disease may be improved if these cases were concentrated in the hands of surgeons with upper gastrointestinal/hepato-pancreato-biliary interest and those who perform laparoscopic cholecystectomy regularly.     

腹腔镜联合ECT诊治小儿消化道出血的临床价值

目的：探讨腹腔镜联合ECT诊断与治疗小儿消化道出血的临床价值。方法：34例患儿术前均行ECT检查,其中阳性32例,2例显示阴性且保守治疗（止血、输血等）效果欠佳,术前行胃镜、肠镜检查,排除上消化道出血及结肠病变,34例患儿均行腹腔镜探查。结果：经腹腔镜探查,28例为美克尔憩室,4例为肠重复畸形,1例为B细胞型淋巴瘤浸润回肠,1例探查阴性。ECT检查阳性32例,其中1例为消化道肿瘤,1例经腹腔镜探查结果阴性,经保守治疗未再出现便血;2例ECT检查阴性,行腹腔镜探查发现美克尔憩室。腹腔镜探查阳性的患者均同时行手术治疗,术后均恢复顺利,未见出血。结论：腹腔镜联合ECT诊治小儿消化道出血是安全、可行的,可提高小儿消化道出血的诊断率,值得广泛应用于临床。     

腹腔镜、胆道镜、胃镜三镜联合治疗胆囊结石伴胆总管结石的疗效分析

目的：探讨腹腔镜、胆道镜和胃镜三镜联合在治疗胆囊结石伴胆总管结石中的临床价值。方法：回顾性分析2019年1月—2021年12月在天津市第五中心医院普外科进行治疗的137例胆囊结石合并胆总管结石患者的临床资料。根据患者采取的手术方式，将研究对象分为三组：观察组、对照1组、对照2组。观察组采取腹腔镜、胆道镜、胃镜联合行胆囊切除、胆道探查取石+BD管引流+胆管一期缝合的治疗方式；对照1组采取腹腔镜下胆囊切除+胆总管切开胆道镜探查取石+T管引流的治疗方式；对照2组采取经内镜逆行性胰胆管造影术胆道取石+腹腔镜胆囊切除术；比较三组的相关临床指标。结果：三组在手术时间、术中出血量、术后腹引管拔管时间方面无统计学差异(P>0.05)，观察组住院时间、住院费用均低于对照组，差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。三组单次结石取尽率差异无统计学意义。观察组腹腔感染、出血、胆漏、窦道断裂等并发症少于对照组，有统计学差异(P <0.05)。结论：对于胆囊结石合并胆总管结石患者，通过腹腔镜、胆道镜、胃镜三镜联合行胆囊切除+胆管探查取石+BD管引流+胆管一期缝合，能明显提高治疗效果，患者痛苦小，术后...     

Timing of urgent laparoscopic cholecystectomy does not influence conversion rate

BACKGROUND: The optimal treatment of acute gallstone disease is urgent laparoscopic cholecystectomy, but there is confusion about the effect of delay in operation on conversion rates. Most reports suggest that delay beyond 3 or 4 days leads to a higher conversion rate. This study assessed the conversion rate in relation to the timing of laparoscopic surgery. METHODS: This institution operates a specialist-led protocol for the urgent management of all admissions with acute gallstone disease. Data were collected prospectively over 6 months. RESULTS: Between March and August 2002, 84 patients with acute gallstone disease underwent urgent laparoscopic cholecystectomy at the index admission with an overall conversion rate of 12 per cent. Four of 40 procedures carried out within 3 days of admission were converted, compared with six of 44 after 3 days. Five of 46 carried out within 4 days of admission were converted, compared with five of 38 after 4 days. There were no deaths and one common bile duct injury. CONCLUSION: As long as the procedure is carried out by experienced upper gastrointestinal surgeons working within a specialist-led protocol, the conversion rate for laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be as low as 12 per cent. The timing of urgent laparoscopic cholecystectomy has no impact on the conversion rate.     

单通道间置空肠在腹腔镜进展期胃癌根治术中的应用

目的：探讨腹腔镜进展期胃癌根治术行单通道间置空肠代胃术的临床疗效。 方法：回顾2011年1月—2013年6月收治的21例进展期胃癌患者资料,患者均行全胃切除术,消化道重建采用单通道间置空肠代胃,主要观察指标为术后并发症、术后营养状况、消化道症状等。 结果：21例患者手术顺利,均痊愈出院。术后未出现吻合口瘘、倾倒综合征、反流性食管炎等并发症。术后6个月复查胃镜及上消化道钡餐造影提示各吻合口黏膜光滑、通畅。患者营养良好,生活质量满意。 结论：腹腔镜进展期胃癌根治术行单通道间置空肠代胃术在改善患者术后消化道症状和生活质量等方面是比较理想的重建术式。     

腹腔镜技术在泌尿系和胆囊疾病中的联合应用

目的：探讨腹腔镜技术在泌尿系和胆囊疾病中联合应用的可行性及应用前景。方法：回顾性分析2001年10月～2004年6月间施行的腹腔镜联合手术28例,分别为腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)联合肾脏切除术4例,联合肾囊肿去顶减压术22例,联合肾上腺切除术2例。结果：1例右侧肾上腺结核病者因与下腔静脉粘连严重改行开放手术,其余联合手术均获成功。手术时间50～150min,平均110min;术中出血10～50ml,平均20ml;术后12～36h肛门排气,无并发症。术后住院4～6天,平均4,7天。结论：只要严格掌握联合手术指征,腹腔镜联合手术就能够安全、有效地同时处理泌尿系及胆囊共存疾病,具有良好的应用前景。     

胆道镜联合腹腔镜对保胆取石患者胃肠功能及生存质量研究

目的:评价经纤维胆道镜+腹腔镜微创保胆取石手术的临床效果.方法:将121例择期手术的胆囊功能正常的胆囊结石患者随机分为观察组(采用纤维胆道镜+腹腔镜微创保胆取石术)和对照组(采用腹腔镜胆囊切除术),比较两组术后胃肠功能及术前、术后2,4,8周及6个月的消化系统疾病生存质量指数(GIQLI)的变化.结果:观察组术后肠鸣音恢复时间、肛门排气及排便时间均明显短于对照组,胃肠道不良反应发生率及复发率均低于对照组(均P＜0.05);两组术前GIQLI无统计学差异(P＞0.05),但术后2,4,8周观察组GIQLI均明显高于对照组(均P＜0.01),至术后6个月两组的GIQLI基本接近(P＞0.05).结论:胆道镜+腹腔镜保胆取石术后患者胃肠功能恢复更快,短期内生存质量提升更高.