Management of a patient with a complete rupture of a main bronchus in a community hospital

We describe the successful use of a portable extracorporeal membrane oxygenation machine for a patient with complete rupture of the left main bronchus after a road crash. The machine was used before and during left main bronchus reanastomosis at a community hospital 30 km from Melbourne, and then during acute interhospital transfer.     

追女现形记

当男人们在社交场合遇到吸引他的心仪对象时，他们心中有什么想法？又会采取什么样的行动呢？[编者按]     

Choledochoscopy: a comparison of a rigid and a flexible fibreoptic instrument

A comparison of choledochoscopy using a Storz rigid choledochoscope and a flexible Olympus instrument has been made. After using both instruments during a 12-month period, it is felt that the rigid instrument has practical advantages for general use, while the flexible instrument offers additional benefits, but requires more skill and care in its use.     

一起小学生食物中毒调查报告

丹东市宽甸县某小学发生一起食用课间餐（油炸糕）的食物中毒事件。中毒人数300人，经临床症状分析，流行病学调查及实验室检验证实，此次食物中毒是由油脂酸败引起的。     

他不仅仅是一位作家和翻译家——对巴金作为编辑出版家的索引式回顾

巴金在作为作家和翻译家的同时，还是一名卓越的编辑出版家。     

Care in a birth room versus a conventional setting: a controlled trial

A controlled clinical trial was carried out to assess whether a birth room setting would influence the care of mothers and newborns. Of the 163 low-risk women enrolled, 49 (30%) manifested some prenatal risk and were excluded. The remaining 114 were allocated by strict alternation to a birth room or a conventional setting. Of the 56 women allocated to the birth room, 63% of the primiparas and 19% of the multiparas were later transferred. The numbers in the two settings who had oxytocin stimulation, epidural anesthesia, forceps delivery or cesarean section did not show statistically significant differences. The episiotomy rates were slightly lower in the birth room than in the conventional setting, and the rates of an intact perineum were higher in the birth room. Neither the Apgar scores nor the morbidity rates of the infants showed statistically significant differences related to the setting to which the mother had been allocated, although more infants from the conventional setting were admitted to a special care unit. Both "experimental" groups of women less often received routine perineal shaving, enemas or intravenous infusions than did an obstetrically similar nonexperimental comparison group. Despite the apparent inability in this setting for the birth room to influence the rate of major obstetric procedures (except for episiotomy) and outcomes, the authors believe that a birth room is desirable in tertiary care centres as well as in community hospitals.     

Towards a global antibiotic resistance surveillance system: a primer for a roadmap

The need for global data about the scale of antibiotic resistance (ABR) in a geographical explicit and timely manner has been identified by many stakeholders, including the World Health Organization. This primer should help defining the objectives, scale, scope, and structure of possible future efforts. Stakeholders and their expected information demands were identified to generate an inventory of surveillance objectives. For simplification, an original approach was chosen to bundle sets of objectives that represent common demands and can be addressed by common subject areas, which fall into three areas. Subject area I addresses clinical demands and focuses on patients; subject area II addresses public health demands by focusing on meta-populations; subject area III addresses infection control demands and focuses on pathogens. A division into these areas leads to a separation of surveillance activities suggesting a modular approach which can provide complementary information. Moreover, the modules address the conundrum of ABR at the complementary levels of 1) patient, 2) population, and 3) pathogen, which—rather conventionally—follow the operational and professional fault-lines of the main disciplines involved, namely clinical medicine, public health, and biology. Essential features that define different surveillance systems have been listed and taken into consideration when suggesting templates for future efforts. Putting ABR on the global health map is a daunting task as it requires acceptance, agreements, and engagement but also concessions at many different levels. Given the existing gaps in the global diagnostic service landscape only a step-wise approach which defines achievable aims, objectives, and milestones will succeed to produce a sustainable system of international co-operative surveillance of ABR.     

Death in a Halifax hospital: a murder case highlights a profession''s divisions

In the exhaustive report, Nancy Robb discusses the murder charge laid against respirologist Nancy Morrison following the death of a patient in a Halifax hospital. There appear to be no blacks and whites in the sea of grey surrounding this case, she reports.     

There is a difference between selecting a deaf embryo and deafening a hearing child

If genetic diagnosis and preimplantation selection could be employed to produce deaf children, would it be acceptable for deaf parents to do so? Some say no, because there is no moral difference between selecting a deaf embryo and deafening a hearing child, and because it would be wrong to deafen infants. It is argued in this paper, however, that this view is untenable. There are differences between the two activities, and it is perfectly possible to condone genetic selection for deafness while condemning attempts to deafen infants at birth.