重组质粒hTERT-siRNA对胰腺癌细胞移植瘤hTERT相关基因及蛋白表达的影响

目的探讨重组质粒pSilencer4.1CMV neo-hTERT-siRNA对胰腺癌细胞BxPC-3裸鼠皮下移植瘤hTERT相关基因及蛋白表达的影响.方法建立人原发性胰腺癌裸鼠皮下移植瘤模型,将荷瘤裸鼠随机分为4组：（1）肿瘤对照组,未作任何处理;（2）空载组,即pSilencer4.1-CMV neo空质粒组;（3）T1组,即重组质粒pSilencer4.1-CMV neo-hTERT1-siRNA组;（4）T2组,即重组质粒pSilencer4.1-CMV neo-hTERT2-siRNA组）.荷瘤裸鼠分组处理30d后,RT-PCR检测各组瘤体中hTERT、Bcl-2、Bax mRNA的表达,免疫组织化学检测各组瘤体中Bcl-2、Bax、p53、VEGF、端粒酶蛋白表达,Western blot检测各组瘤体中端粒酶蛋白表达情况.结果 T1组和T2组hTERT和Bcl-2 mRNA表达较肿瘤对照组和空载组明显降低,BaxmRNA表达明显升高（P〈0.01）.与肿瘤对照组和空载组比较,T1组和T2组Bcl-2 Telomerase、p53和VEGF蛋白表达明显降低,Bax蛋白表达明显升高（P〈0.01）.结论 （1）重组质粒T1和T2能够下调裸鼠移植瘤体内抗凋亡基因hTERT mRNA、Bcl-2 mRNA和蛋白、p53和端粒酶蛋白表达水平,上调促凋亡基因Bax mRNA和蛋白表达水平,其抗胰腺癌作用可能与促进胰腺癌细胞凋亡有关.（2）重组质粒T1和T2能够显著下调裸鼠移植瘤体内VEGF蛋白表达水平,可能具有抑制肿瘤血管生成的作用。     

PEG-PEI/Fe_3O_4纳米磁流体-TK对裸鼠移植性肝癌细胞靶向杀伤作用研究

目的研究PEG-PEI／Fe3O4纳米磁流体-TK对人肝癌细胞系SMMC-7721裸鼠移植瘤模型的靶向性治疗作用。方法建立人原发性肝癌稞鼠皮下移植瘤模型，将荷瘤裸鼠随机分成肿瘤对照组、纯自杀基因组、PEG-PEI／Fe3O4纳米磁流体-TK组3组。对照组不作任何处理，实验组于瘤体内分别直接注射纯自杀基因、PEG-PEI／Fe3O4纳米磁流体-TK，同时于裸鼠腹腔内注射GCV，观察不同时段皮下肿瘤的生长情况并做病理学检查，免疫组化法检测肿瘤微血管密度（MVD）以及血管内皮细胞生长因子（VEGF）的表达量，原位末端标记（TUNEL）法检测细胞原位凋亡。同时，用RT-PCR检测肿瘤鼠心，肝，肾的自杀基因表达情况。结果裸鼠皮下成瘤率100％；研究PEG-PEI／Fe3O4纳米磁流体-TK组的肿瘤体积、血清AFP含量、肿瘤MVD和VEGF表达强度均明显低于对照组、纯自杀基因组（P〈0．05），细胞凋亡指数都明显高于后两组（P〈0．05），可见较多的凋亡细胞。RT—PCR测示肿瘤鼠心，肝，肾未见自杀基因表达，而肿瘤细胞则出现自杀基因表达。结论PEG-PEI／Fe3O4纳米磁流体-TK可显著抑制肿瘤的生长，并对肿瘤治疗具有靶向性，是一种较为理想的肝脏肿瘤靶向给药系统，有望成为治疗原发性肝癌的新型生物制剂之一。     

联合转染血管生成抑素和Fas基因对裸鼠移植瘤生长的影响

目的探讨联合转染血管生成抑素（AS）基因和Fas基因对移植于裸鼠的人结肠癌生长的影响。方法构建pcDNA3-As和pcDNA3-Fas质粒。建立裸鼠皮下移植人结肠癌模型，通过瘤内注射分别将As、Fas、AS和Fas基因转染皮下肿瘤，定期检测肿瘤大小，用免疫组化检测肿瘤的微血管密度（MVD）。结果成功构建了pcDNA3-As和pcDNA3-Fas质粒。质粒转染后6d，Fas组和联合转染组的肿瘤体积明显小于对照组（P〈0．05）；质粒转染后9d，AS组的肿瘤体积明显小于对照组（P〈0．05）；质粒转染后12d，联合转染组的肿瘤体积明显小于Fas组和AS组（P〈0．05）。质粒转染后15d，联合转染组和AS组肿瘤的MVD明显小于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论联合转染AS和Fas基因对裸鼠移植人结肠肿瘤有协同抑制作用。     

茶多酚对人鼻咽癌细胞裸鼠移植瘤的生长抑制作用

目的：通过观察茶多酚在体内对人鼻咽癌细胞的抑制作用,探讨其可能的抗癌机制。方法以人鼻咽癌细胞株HONE1建立裸鼠皮下移植瘤模型,以茶多酚腹腔注射干预,在观察抑瘤率基础上,以实时荧光定量PCR及Western blot法分别检测裸鼠移植瘤VEGF在mRNA及蛋白水平上的表达变化。结果茶多酚具有显著抑制鼻咽癌细胞 HONE1移植瘤生长的作用,与模型对照组相比,低、高剂量茶多酚组体内抑瘤率分别为18．82％、47．66％,呈浓度相关性（P＜0．05）;荧光定量 PCR及Western blot结果示,茶多酚可下调VEGF的mRNA和蛋白表达水平,且呈浓度依赖性,其中高剂量组变化明显,差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论茶多酚对人鼻咽癌HONE1细胞裸鼠移植瘤的生长具有明显抑制作用,机制可能与调节VEGF表达,从而抑制肿瘤血管生成等作用有关。     

塞来昔布对实验性结肠癌原位移植瘤生长及环氧化酶-2表达的影响

目的探讨塞来昔布对实验性结肠癌原位移植瘤生长及环氧化酶-2（COX-2）表达的影响。方法使用对数生长期的人结肠癌细胞（HT-29）于裸鼠皮下接种4周形成皮下移植瘤，再将皮下移植瘤组织原位接种于24只裸鼠盲肠浆膜下，制成原位移植瘤模型。术后随机分为对照组（C组）及塞来昔布高、中、低剂量组（H、M、L组）四组，分别给予纯水及含有不同浓度（1．5、1．0和0．5mg／ml）塞来昔布的饮水。饲养42d后处死裸鼠，观察各组原位移植瘤的瘤体积和瘤重，计算抑瘤率。RIA测定瘤组织匀浆上清中前列腺素E2（PGE2）含量，免疫组化检测肿瘤组织COX-2表达。结果24只裸鼠实验期间无1只死亡，成瘤率为100％，比较各组原位移植瘤体积和瘤重差异有统计学意义（P值均〈0．05）。L组、M组和H组的抑瘤率分别为25.30％、38．80％、76．92％，与对照组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），且存在明显的剂量依赖。干预组瘤组织中COX-2的表达和匀浆上清中PGE2含量与对照组比较差异有统计学意义（P分别〈0．05和〈0．01），随着剂量增加，瘤组织中COX-2的表达和PGE：含量逐渐降低。瘤组织中PGE：含量与瘤重以及COX-2表达存在显著正相关性（分别为r=0．881，P〈0．01和r=0．825，P〈0．05）。结论塞来昔布通过抑制人结肠癌裸鼠原位移植瘤的COX-2，抑制PGE2合成，从而对结肠癌的生长有抑制作用。     

免疫抑制剂FTY720对小鼠肝移植瘤抑制作用的研究

目的：探讨FTY720的免疫抑制作用及其对小鼠肝移植瘤的抑制作用。方法：小鼠肝癌Hepa1-6细胞按2&;#215;106／只的量接种于C57BL／6j小鼠皮下。当C57BL／6j小鼠移植瘤直径至0．30cm,将40只成瘤小鼠随机分为4组,分别用以下药物灌胃10d,环孢素组：环孢素10mg／（kg&;#183;d）;FTY720组：FTY720,3mg／（kg&;#183;d）;5-氟尿嘧啶（5-Fu）组：5-Fu50mg／（kg&;#183;d）;生理盐水组：0．9％氯化钠注射液1mg／（kg&;#183;d）。检测胸腺、脾指数、外周血T淋巴细胞计数、肿瘤体积、外周血甲胎蛋白、凋亡指数、瘤体Bcl-2和Caspase-3的表达。结果：环孢素组和FTY720组胸腺、脾指数及T淋巴细胞百分比低于生理盐水组（P〈0．05,P〈0．01）;而5-氟尿嘧啶组与生理盐水组比较,差异无显著性（P〉0．05）;5-氟尿嘧啶组与FTY720组肿瘤体积与甲胎蛋白含量低于生理盐水组（P〈0．05,P〈0．01）,凋亡指数高于生理盐水组（P〈0．05,P〈0．01）;而环孢素组与生理盐水组比较,差异无显著性（P〉0．05）;5-氟尿嘧啶组和FTY720组小鼠瘤体Bcl-2的表达低于生理盐水组（P〈0．05）,而环孢素组与生理盐水组比较,差异无显著性（P〉0．05）;5-氟尿嘧啶组小鼠瘤体Caspase-3的表达低于生理盐水组（P〈0．01）;而FTY720组和环孢素组与生理盐水组比较,差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。结论：FTY720同时具有免疫抑制作用和抗肿瘤作用,而其抗肿瘤作用与Bcl-2的表达降低有关。     

联合应用生长激素和生长抑素对乳腺癌移植瘤的治疗作用

目的：探讨联合应用生长激素（growthhormone,GH）和生长抑素（Somatostatin,SST）在乳腺癌移植瘤动物模型治疗中的作用及影响。方法：通过乳腺癌细胞培养,将乳腺癌MCF-7细胞注射入40只裸鼠的右腋窝皮下,建立乳腺癌移植瘤动物模型,将其随机分成生理盐水组（NS组）、GH组、SST组、GH＋SST组4组,每组10只,给予GH和SST治疗后,观察裸鼠的体重变化、移植瘤体积变化。裸鼠处死后剥取移植瘤称重,计算肿瘤抑瘤率,行瘤体切片病理检查和免疫组化指标Ki-67、Bcl-2检查,以检测肿瘤细胞的增殖和凋亡,并对实验组与对照组进行比较。结果：①裸鼠注射药物前后体积变化与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。②治疗前后裸鼠移植瘤体积变化与对照组比较：GH组差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,SST组和GH＋SST组差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。③治疗后裸鼠移植瘤重量和抑瘤率与对照组比较：GH组移植瘤重量差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,SST组和GH＋SST组差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。抑瘤率GH组为18．47％,SST组为48．55％,GH＋SST组为30．32％。④移植瘤常规病理和免疫组化检查结果与对照组比较：镜下观察各组移植瘤瘤体瘤组织间有较多粗细不一的纤维组织将瘤组织分隔成巢状,偶见围成腺腔,均可见片状坏死灶,SST组坏死灶增大。Ki-67标记指数和Bcl-2表达与对照组比较：GH组差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。SST组和GH＋SST组差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：OGH促进裸鼠体重增加但并不促进肿瘤生长;②SST抑制肿瘤生长;③GH和SST联用讨改善裸鼠营养状况,抑制肿瘤生长,该研究结果为临床应用GH和SST治疗乳腺癌提供了科学依据。     

吉祥草中甾体皂苷RCE-4对宫颈癌裸鼠移植瘤的抑制作用

目的 观察吉祥草中甾体皂苷RCE-4对宫颈癌裸鼠移植瘤的抑制作用.方法 采用传统方法分离鉴定RCE-4.将0.3 mL Caski(4×107/mL)细胞悬液接种于裸鼠右侧后腿背部皮下,建立宫颈癌移植瘤模型,然后按瘤体积大小随机分为模型组、紫杉醇(10 mg/kg)和RCE-4(25、50、100 mg/kg)组,1次/d给药,连续4周,末次给药的次日处死裸鼠,称量裸鼠体质量、瘤质量,测量肿瘤体积,计算抑瘤率.光镜下观察移植瘤组织形态学变化,TUNEL染色测定细胞凋亡率,免疫组化检测肿瘤组织中COX-2表达,荧光定量PCR测定移植瘤组织中Bcl-2、Bax、Caspase-3和Caspase-9 mRNA表达,计算Bcl-2/Bax值,Western blot检测移植瘤组织中Survivin蛋白表达.结果 RCE-4(25、50、100 mg/kg)可明显降低宫颈癌裸鼠移植瘤的体积和瘤质量(P ＜0.05,P＜0.01),上调Bax、Caspase-3和Caspase-9 mRNA表达,下调Bcl-2 mRNA表达和COX-2、Survivin蛋白表达及Bcl-2/Bax值(P ＜0.05,P＜O.01).结论 RCE-4对宫颈癌裸鼠移植瘤的生长具有显著抑制作用,其机制可能与其上调Bax、Caspase-9、Caspase-3的表达和下调Survivin、Bcl-2、COX-2的表达有关.     

SphK1及其抑制剂对人胃癌裸鼠移植瘤的作用

目的研究鞘氨醇激酶-1（sphingosinekinase-1,SphKl）及其抑制剂在人胃癌裸鼠移植瘤生长中的作用,并探讨其作用机制。方法对数生长期SGC7901细胞注射于裸鼠皮下建立人胃癌裸鼠移植瘤模型,建模成功后将裸鼠随机分为4组（每组8只）,分别用生理盐水、SKI-Ⅱ、顺铂（DDP）、SKI-Ⅱ联合DDP进行治疗,每周注射1次,共3次。定期测量肿瘤体积,绘制肿瘤时间-体积生长曲线。在治疗结束后的第7天脱颈处死裸鼠,取瘤体组织,免疫组化法检测瘤体内SphKl、Bax、Bcl-2蛋白的表达,TUNEL法检测肿瘤组织细胞凋亡。结果成功构建了人胃癌裸鼠移植瘤模型。SKI-Ⅱ联合DDP较SKI-Ⅱ、DDP更显著地减少肿瘤组织SphK1、Bcl-2蛋白的表达（P〈0．05）,并增加Bax蛋白的表达（P〈0．05）,且更明显地增加了肿瘤细胞的凋亡率并抑制了肿瘤的生长（P〈0．05）。结论SphK1通过引起胃癌细胞内Bax／Bcl-2比值的降低,在胃癌的生长过程中发挥了抑制胃癌细胞凋亡、促进肿瘤生长的作用,SphK1抑制剂SKI—Ⅱ与DDP有协同抗肿瘤作用。     

MicroRNA-16抑制人卵巢癌在裸鼠皮下移植瘤生长的研究

目的:探讨microRNA-16(miRNA-16)转染对人卵巢癌细胞株SKOV-3在裸鼠皮下移植瘤形成的抑制作用。方法:将成熟miRNA-16双链模拟物及其阴性对照序列转染人卵巢癌SKOV-3细胞株,然后分别接种于裸鼠皮下,观察两组肿瘤出现时间及肿瘤体积变化,接种20d后取出肿瘤组织称重,计算抑瘤率。采用逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)方法检测肿瘤组织中Bcl-2mRNA表达,并进行免疫组化检测两组肿瘤组织中Bcl-2蛋白表达。结果:miRNA-16转染组肿瘤生长相对延缓,种瘤20d后miRNA-16转染组移植瘤重量明显小于阴性对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),抑瘤率达38.46%;PCR结果显示miRNA-16转染组Bcl-2 mRNA表达量与阴性对照组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);移植瘤组织免疫组化分析两组Bcl-2蛋白表达差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:miRNA-16对人上皮性卵巢癌裸鼠移植瘤生长有抑制作用,可能成为卵巢癌基因治疗的新靶点。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.