ColorMeter和VISIA-CR图像提取肤色的方法对比

目的：建立基于VISIA-CR图像提取中国人群面部肤色表型的方法,比较VISIA-CR图像提取的肤色参数与ColorMeter肤色仪测量值的一致性,为利用面部图像数据提取肤色表型建立参考方法。方法：基于机器学习模型自建算法自动批量提取VISIA-CR图像的肤色参数,并比较提取面积、位置和光源模式对结果的影响;随后利用256例健康人群面部VISIA-CR图像提取的肤色参数与ColorMeter肤色仪测量值进行了Pearson相关性分析。结果：VISIA-CR标准光和交叉偏振光两种模式下提取的肤色参数强相关（L*,R=0.86;a*,R=0.90;b*,R=0.85;P<0.05）,相邻或对称位置下不同面积的肤色参数也强相关（R>0.82,P<0.05）,提示光源模式、相邻或对称位置和测量面积对VISIA-CR图像提取结果的影响不大。VISIA-CR图像提取的肤色参数与ColorMeter测量值有相关性（P<0.05）,其中交叉偏振光模式下,较大提取面积的肤色参数L*值与仪器测量值强相关（R>0.73）。结论：该方法可从VISIA-CR图像中准确提取肤色参数且...     

深肤色人种的激光脱毛

当今激光技术飞速发展，提高了激光脱毛的临床疗效，并使我们增加了对毛发生理及激光-组织相互作用的认识。配有冷却装置的长脉宽、长波长激光的应用，使得激光脱毛能够安全有效地应用于深肤色人种（皮肤Ⅳ～Ⅵ型）。目前主要用于深肤色人种脱毛的光源有长脉宽翠绿宝石（755nm）、长脉宽半导体（800nm）、长脉宽Nd：YAG（1064nm）激光和强脉冲光（590．1200nm）。但其中长脉宽Nd：YAG激光在深肤色人种脱毛中更为安全。     

皮肤色度学：一种客观可靠的肤色测量技术

皮肤科需要具有良好的一致性和可重复性的肤色评价方法。研究人员和医生在评价药物干预、环境暴露和生理变化时经常需要描述皮肤的颜色, 肤色参数(如色素沉着)与罹患皮肤癌的风险有关。此外, 紫外线暴露引起的最小红斑量常被用于制定光疗计划。     

云南汉族人群和系统性红斑狼疮患者中补体C2Ⅰ型缺失的研究

补体C2缺失与风湿性疾病相关,并可以增加其对感染的易感性。已经发现C2有两种类型的缺失^[1],Ⅰ型缺失是由于在C2基因外显子6处28bp缺失导致C2蛋白质不能合成。Ⅱ型缺失是由于一错义突变导致C2蛋白质能够合成但不能分泌^[2]。在C2缺失患者,10%~30%有SLE的表现^[3]。而我们对C2基因Ⅰ型缺失在云南汉族人群的分布及其与SLE的相关性研究结果与此差异较大。     

果酸治疗藏族人群面部轻、中度痤疮356例临床疗效分析

目的 回顾性分析西藏高原地区356例面部轻、中度痤疮中果酸治疗的临床疗效及相关不良反应,探索高原地区痤疮果酸治疗的最优方案.方法 选取符合诊断标准的某院门诊面部轻、中度痤疮患者356例为研究对象,行果酸治疗,每两周一次,四次为一个疗程,观察临床疗效、统计治疗中、治疗后的不良反应.结果 患者第3周,第5周、第7周、第9周...     

窄波UVB诱导正常皮肤色素斑的研究

目的 观测窄波UVB诱导正常人腹部皮肤色素沉着斑的颜色变化指标。方法 采用窄波UVB治疗仪，以1.5倍的最小红斑量照射30例志愿者的腹部皮肤，形成人工色素沉着斑。在照射前、照射后1，2，4，6，8周，分别用 CM-2600d分光光度计测量局部皮肤的L*、a*、b*、△L、△a、△b、 △E值，以SIAscopy仪检测色素斑处血红蛋白、胶原蛋白、黑素总量，并捕获相应图像。同时，用数码相机拍摄志愿者腹部照片。结果 照射后局部皮肤呈淡灰色，4 h后出现局部潮红，1周后色素沉着最明显，2例受试者照射部位出现细小脱屑，所有受试者均无水疱发生。CM-2600d分光光度计测量照射部皮肤，结果显示，照射后1周，L*下降到最低，a*值升至最高，b*变化不明显。1周后L*值开始升高，而a*值下降，直到照射后8周，各自接近照射前水平。SIAscopy仪检测提示，照射后1周，皮肤血红蛋白增加最明显，以后迅速下降，低于照射前水平。而总黑素含量和胶原蛋白照射后持续缓慢增加，第6周达最高。结论 窄波UVB可诱导正常皮肤色素斑形成，通过观察皮肤色素的变化规律，客观地评估美白产品的功效。     

新疆维吾尔族和汉族天疱疮患者临床特征研究

目的:比较新疆地区维吾尔族和汉族天疱疮患者临床特征。方法:回顾性分析121例维吾尔族、汉族天疱疮初次住院患者的临床资料(维吾尔族59例,汉族62例),总结其临床特点,从发病年龄、临床分型、黏膜受累情况及病情分级等几个方面分析新疆地区维吾尔族和汉族天疱疮的差异。结果:维吾尔族患者和汉族患者相比,其发病年轻化、黏膜受累、患寻常型天疱疮几率及病情严重程度均显著增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:维吾尔族天疱疮患者与汉族人群相比更倾向青中年发病,更易患寻常型天疱疮,且更易发生黏膜损害,死亡率明显高于汉族。     

紫外线引起皮肤色素沉着的机制

紫外线引起的皮肤色素沉着包括速发色素沉着和迟发色素沉着。紫外线可通过黑素细胞内的一些分子作用引起皮肤色素沉着,但其它细胞也参与色素沉着的发生,其中角质形成细胞起非常重要的作用。角质形成细胞可通过旁分泌因子影响黑素细胞黑素的生成。     

慢性饮水型砷中毒患者皮肤表现和合并疾病及影响因素分析

目的 分析慢性饮水型砷中毒患者的皮肤表现、合并疾病以及可能的影响因素。方法 对内蒙古95例慢性饮水型砷中毒患者的人口学特征、皮肤表现、合并疾病进行流行病学调查和分析。建立logistic回归模型,分析性别、年龄、开始饮用高砷水年龄、水砷浓度及饮用高砷水时间年龄与皮肤表现、合并疾病间的相关性。结果 95例患者中共有77例患者发生色素沉着,75例发生色素减退,93例发生掌跖部皮肤角化,27例患者发生皮肤癌,其中多发性皮肤癌8例。合并结核5例、高血压15例、类风湿性关节炎2例、脑梗死4例、冠心病7例、内脏恶性肿瘤3例、肝硬化6例、贫血2例。回归分析发现色素沉着与水砷浓度相关（OR = 0.32,95% CI = 0.10 ~ 0.98）;校正OR = 0.27,95% CI = 0.08 ~ 0.90）。冠心病的发生与饮用高砷水时间具有相关性（OR = 6.41,95% CI = 1.09 ~ 37.88;校正OR = 8.55,95% CI = 1.212 ~ 60.41）。肝硬化的发生与水砷浓度具有相关性（OR = 24.67,95% CI = 2.69 ~ 226.57;校正OR = 22.51,95% CI = 2.38 ~ 213.11）。结论 慢性砷中毒患者色素代谢异常、掌跖部皮肤角化、皮肤癌发生率高。水砷浓度、饮用高砷水时间不同对人体可能产生不同的影响。     

丽江市纳西族和汉族初中生性别角色的调查比较

目的:比较纳西族和汉族初中生性别角色取向的异同,为纳西族、汉族初中生性别角色教育提供参考。方法:整群抽取云南省丽江市两所中学1000名初中生,采用性别角色量表测评。结果:纳西族和汉族初中生未分化和双性化比例均高于单性化(P0.05)。纳西族和汉族男生男性化比例均高于女生,女生女性化比例均高于男生(P0.01);纳西族女生双性化比例高于男生(P0.05)。纳西族初中生4种性别角色类型年级差异无统计学意义(P0.05),汉族初中生双性化初一初二初三(P0.05)。纳西族独生子女男性化比例高于非独生子女(P0.01);汉族非独生子女双性化比例高于独生子女(P0.05)。结论:纳西族和汉族初中生性别角色总体分布表现出一致性,但不同性别、年级、家庭结构性别角色存在一定的差异。     

Physiological and lifestyle factors contributing to risk and severity of peri-orbital dark circles in the Brazilian population

BACKGROUND

Peri-orbital dark circles are a cosmetic concern worldwide, and have been attributed to hyperpigmentation from allergy or atopic dermatitis, blood stasis, structural shadowing effects, and a thin epidermis/dermis under the eye. It is of interest to better understand lifestyle and demographic risk factors and the relative impact of melanin, blood and epidermal/dermal factors on the severity of Peri-orbital dark circles.

OBJECTIVE

To compare by non-invasive imaging the impact of biological factors to a visual grading scale for Peri-orbital dark circles, and test the correlation of various demographic factors with Peri-orbital dark circles.

METHODS

Subjects completed a lifestyle and health survey, and Peri-orbital dark circles severity was evaluated using standardized photographs. Hyperspectral image analysis was used to assess the contributions of melanin, blood volume, degree of blood oxygen saturation, and dermal scattering.

RESULTS

Family history was the most significant risk factor for Peri-orbital dark circles. The average age of onset was 24 years, and earlier onset correlated with higher severity scores. Asthma was significantly associated with Peri-orbital dark circles scores, but self-reported allergy was not. In this study, sleep was not correlated with Peri-orbital dark circles scores. Hyperspectral imaging indicated that melanin was the dominant correlate for Peri-orbital dark circles severity, while oxygen saturation was secondary. The difference between under-eye and cheek measurements for ∆L*and ∆E* were the most significant instrumental parameters correlated with visual assessment of Peri-orbital dark circles severity.

CONCLUSION

Although typically associated with lack of sleep, risk of Peri-orbital dark circles is primarily hereditary. The main factors contributing to the appearance of Peri-orbital dark circles are melanin and (deoxygenated) blood.     

Superoxide Dismutase 1 Inhibits Alpha-Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone and Ultraviolet B-Induced Melanogenesis in Murine Skin

Background

Over the last decade, the incidence of ultraviolet B (UVB)-related skin problems has increased. Oxidative stress caused by UVB induces the secretion of melanocyte growth and activating factors from keratinocytes, which results in the formation of cutaneous hyperpigmentation. Therefore, increasing the antioxidant abilities of skin cells is thought to be a beneficial strategy for the development of sunscreen agents. Superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) is an antioxidant enzyme that is known to exhibit antioxidant properties.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of SOD1 on alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) and UVB-induced melanogenesis in B16F10 melanoma cells and HRM-2 melanin-possessing hairless mice.

Methods

The inhibitory effect of SOD1 on tyrosinase activity was evaluated in a cell-free system. Additional experiments were performed using B16F10 melanoma cells to demonstrate the effects of SOD1 in vitro, and HRM-2 melanin-possessing hairless mice were used to evaluate the antimelanogenic effects of SOD1 in vivo.

Results

We found that SOD1 inhibited melanin production in a dose-dependent manner without causing cytotoxicity in B16F10 melanoma cells. SOD1 did not inhibit tyrosinase activity under cell-free conditions. The results indicate that SOD1 may reduce pigmentation by an indirect, nonenzymatic mechanism. We also found that SOD1 decreased UVB-induced melanogenesis in HRM-2 melanin-possessing hairless mice, as visualized through hematoxylin and eosin staining and Fontana-Masson staining.

Conclusion

Our results indicate that SOD1 has an inhibitory effect on α-MSH and UVB-induced melanogenesis, indicating that SOD1 may be a promising sunscreen agent.     

Clinical study of skin changes in low and high risk pregnant women

BACKGROUND

During pregnancy there is immunological, metabolic, endocrine and vascular changes responsible for physiological and pathological skin changes.

OBJECTIVES

determine the prevalence of specific physiological changes and pregnancy, comparing the period of gestation of their appearances and compare type of prenatal care as the skin changes.

METHODS

A cross-sectional study with 905 pregnant women.

RESULTS

The prevalence of physiological skin changes was 88.95% and the most common was pigment. The prevalence of specific dermatoses was 8.72% and atopic eruption was the most common.

CONCLUSION

Physiological changes were seen more in the 3rd quarter, as well as the specific dermatoses. No statistical difference in prenatal low risk compared to high risk was observed, whereas the cutaneous physiological changes and specific pregnancy dermatoses.     

皮肤屏障

皮肤屏障由水脂膜和皮肤“砖墙”结构构成。皮肤屏障结构和功能障碍与多种皮肤疾病的病因、病理过程相关。目前有多种无创检测方法可以评价皮肤的屏障功能。     

华北、华东和华南地区人群皮肤颜色与年龄的关系

目的探讨华北、华东和华南三大地区中国人不同年龄段人群皮肤颜色差异,以选择适合用于美白功效评价的测试部位。方法利用同一型号色差测试仪测量该三大地区各200名(分为四个年龄段)受试者的额头、左脸颊、左手臂内侧和手背等四个部位的皮肤颜色。采用L*a*b*色度系统测量值计算得出每一个志愿者的个人类型角(individual type angle,ITA°)。结果三个受试地区人群额头、左脸颊和左手背的皮肤颜色随着年龄增加而逐渐加深。各个地区受试人群的额头、左脸颊和左手背的皮肤颜色均显示出了与年龄有较强的相关性。随着年龄的增长,其额头和左脸颊皮肤颜色差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论不同年龄段人群肤色存在差异,皮肤颜色会随着年龄的增长而逐渐加深。左手臂内侧受年龄与环境的影响不明显,肤色相对稳定,适合作为美白功效评价的受试部位。     

日光反应性皮肤型的测定及其意义

根据皮肤对日光的反应性对９０例正常人的皮肤加以分型，其中主要是Ⅳ型（８０．１１％），其次是少见的Ⅴ和Ⅲ型。分别测定其对ＵＶＢ和ＵＶＡ的最小红斑量（ＭＥＤ）以及对ＵＶＡ的即刻色素反应（ＩＰ）。双变量相关分析示９０例正常人的ＭＥＤ－ＵＶＢ和ＭＥＤ－ＵＶＡ存在着正相关关系。ＩＰＤ－ＵＶＡ显著低于 ＭＥＤ－ＵＶＡ。与 Ⅱ、Ⅲ型皮肤为主的英国人相比，ＭＥＤ－ＵＶＢ和 ＭＥＤ－ＵＶＡ均显著较高。讨论了皮肤型在光敏性皮肤病和光疗研究中的价值。     

硒与皮肤病

微量元素硒是机体重要的抗氧化酶谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的必需组分,具有广泛的生物学功能, 尤其在抗氧化、免疫调节、抗炎症、抗肿瘤、抗衰老等方面,已引起人们的关注。研究表明,硒与一些皮肤病的发生、发展密切相关。为此,就硒与银屑病、白癜风、紫外线照射对皮肤损伤及皮肤肿瘤的发生、发展及转归中的生物学作用等方面的研究进展进行综述。     

Perceptions and Behavior Regarding Skin Health and Skin Care Products: Analysis of the Questionnaires for the Visitors of Skin Health Expo 2018

BackgroundSocial standards for skin health have changed and have led to a rise in the general population''s interest to achieve flawless skin.ObjectiveTo survey the Korean public''s perception of skin health and dermatologists and skin-health-related behaviors.MethodsA total of 355 participants of the Skin Health Expo 2018, held by the Dermatological Research Foundation of the Korean Dermatological Association from September 14 to 16, 2018, completed a questionnaire that assessed demographics, status, and behaviors regarding skin health. The questionnaire also included lifestyle characteristics, satisfaction, behavioral factors, and perceptions regarding skin-care products.ResultsParticipants were using various skin-care products including toners, lotions, hydrating or nutrition creams, sunscreens, essences, serums, facial masks and packs, body, hand, and foot moisturizers, eye creams, and hair products. The participants believed that the most reliable source of information on skin-care product recommendations was the dermatologist (41.55%). However, purchases were also being made at skin-care product stores (27.64%) based on the recommendation of a friend or acquaintance (40.11%). The results also revealed that 23.8% of participants experienced side effects from using skin-care and cosmetic products, and about 40% of participants could not yet distinguish hospitals run by dermatologists.ConclusionDemand for skin-care products has been increasing, and dermatologists should provide proper information about skin health to prevent adverse effects from skin-care products. Educational and informative activities, such as the expo planned by dermatologists, are necessary to improve skin health in the general population.     

保存真皮下血管网皮片修复全阴茎皮肤缺损的临床评价

目的评估保存真皮下血管网皮片修复全阴茎皮肤缺损的效果。方法阴茎皮肤缺损患者11例。对比观察保存真皮下血管网皮片修复与其他方法修复的临床效果。结果4例应用保存真皮下血管网皮片修复者,移植的皮肤100%成活,厚薄适中而富有弹性和伸延性,皮片可随年龄生长,修复后的阴茎形态酷似正常,能适应阴茎勃起、疲软的不同状态,一次手术完成治疗,未出现并发症。其他方法:1例表皮植皮者再次用皮管修复,皮管虽经多次修薄,仍显臃肿;2例中厚植皮者均再次手术行挛缩松解、局部皮瓣转移,以添加阴茎皮肤的组织量与伸延度;皮瓣修复4例,有3例再次修整。结论应用保存真皮下血管网皮片修复阴茎皮肤缺损是一种较为简易有效的方法。