共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
Decomposing Intra-Subject Variability in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Adriana Di Martino Manely Ghaffari Jocelyn Curchack Philip Reiss Christopher Hyde Marina Vannucci Eva Petkova Donald F. Klein F. Xavier Castellanos 《Neuropsychopharmacology》2008,64(7):607-614
2.
Markus Frings Kristina Gaertner Paul Buderath Hanna Christiansen Marcus Gerwig Christoph Hein-Kropp Beate Schoch Johannes Hebebrand Dagmar Timmann 《Cerebellum (London, England)》2010,9(3):429-432
Structural changes of the cerebellum have been reported in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in several studies. The cerebellum is a structure essential for motor coordination and motor learning. Beside behavioral deficits, children with ADHD often show slight motor abnormalities. In the present study, handwriting was examined in both children with ADHD and children with cerebellar lesions. By writing the same sentence several times, letter height increased in the ADHD and cerebellar groups but not in controls. Comparable disorders of handwriting in cerebellar and ADHD children support previous studies, which suggest a contribution of cerebellar dysfunction to motor abnormalities in ADHD. However, an involvement of non-cerebellar dysfunctions in ADHD cannot be excluded. 相似文献
3.
4.
5.
Hyunjin Cho Seokyeon Ji Sungho Chung Meesun Kim Yoo-Sook Joung 《Psychiatry investigation》2014,11(3):223-227
Objective
Motor function critically influences daily activities and academic performance. We compared motor function in school-aged children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) to that of normal children.Methods
Participants were 58 children with ADHD [51 males, 7 females; mean age 9 years 6 months±2 years 0 months (SD)] and 70 normal controls [56 males, 14 females; mean age 9 years 2 months±1 years 7 months (SD)]. We assessed motor function with the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, Second Edition.Results
The ADHD group had a significantly lower total motor composite score (t=-9.32, p<0.001) than that of the control group. Standard scores of four motor-area composites such as fine manual control (t=-3.76, p<0.001), manual coordination (t=-6.87, p<0.001), body coordination (t=-7.14, p<0.001), and strength and agility (t=-8.54, p<0.1) were significantly lower in the ADHD group than those in the control group. Among the subtests, scores on fine motor precision, fine motor integration, manual dexterity, bilateral coordination, balance, running speed and agility, and strength were significantly lower in the ADHD group than those in the controls, whereas upper-limb coordination was not significantly different between the groups.Conclusion
School-aged children with ADHD in Korea had significantly lower motor function compared to that of controls. Thus, it is suggested that appropriate target intervention for motor function is important in children with motor impairment in addition to pharmacotherapy or psychosocial therapy for improving the core symptoms. 相似文献6.
7.
8.
Adam R. Clarke Robert J. Barry Rory McCarthy Mark Selikowitz 《Journal of neurotherapy》2013,17(3):193-199
The aim of this study was to determine whether EEG activity in specific bands correlated with the core behavioral symptoms of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD). Sixty boys diagnosed with AD/HD Combined type and 60 age-matched male controls participated in this study. An EEG was recorded during an eyes-closed resting condition and relative power estimates in the delta, theta, alpha, and beta bands, and the theta/beta ratio, were calculated. The EEG measures of the AD/HD group were converted to z scores relative to the controls, and these were correlated with scores on the Conners' Rating Scale obtained from a parent. The AD/HD group had global increases in theta activity and the theta/beta ratio, increased frontal delta, with reduced global alpha and frontal beta activity. Frontal theta activity correlated with inattention, the theta/beta ratio correlated with hyperactivity-impulsivity, and both measures correlated with a Combined type diagnosis. EEG power anomalies in AD/HD are associated with specific symptom clusters in the disorder. 相似文献
9.
10.
Zheya Jenny Yu Caroline Parker-Kotler Kathleen Tran Ronald A. Weller Elizabeth B. Weller 《Current psychiatry reports》2010,12(2):111-115
Psychostimulants (methylphenidate and amphetamine salt) are the pharmacologic treatment of choice for children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder. However, psychostimulants have been linked to a variety of vascular problems, including peripheral vasculopathy.
This article describes four boys with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder who developed vasculopathy during treatment
with psychostimulants. 相似文献
11.
12.
Psychiatric research applications of electroencephalography (EEG), the earliest approach to imaging human cortical brain activity,
are attracting increasing scientific and clinical interest. For more than 40 years, EEG research has attempted to characterize
and quantify the neurophysiology of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), most consistently associating it with
increased frontocentral theta band activity and increased theta to beta (θ/β) power ratio during rest compared to non-ADHD
controls. Recent reports suggest that while these EEG measures demonstrate strong discriminant validity for ADHD, significant
EEG heterogeneity also exists across ADHD-diagnosed individuals. In particular, additional studies validating the use of the
θ/β power ratio measure appear to be needed before it can be used for clinical diagnosis. In recent years, the number and
the scientific quality of research reports on EEG-based neurofeedback (NF) for ADHD have grown considerably, although the
studies reviewed here do not yet support NF training as a first-line, stand-alone treatment modality. In particular, more
research is needed comparing NF to placebo control and other effective treatments for ADHD. Currently, after a long period
of relative stasis, the neurophysiological specificity of measures used in EEG research is rapidly increasing. It is likely,
therefore, that new EEG studies of ADHD using higher density recordings and new measures drawn from viewing EEG as a 3-dimensional
functional imaging modality, as well as intensive re-analyses of existing EEG study data, can better characterize the neurophysiological
differences between and within ADHD and non-ADHD subjects, and lead to more precise diagnostic measures and effective NF approaches. 相似文献
13.
Desiree W. Murray 《Current psychiatry reports》2010,12(5):374-381
This article reviews the current treatment literature for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in preschoolers.
Parent training studies show consistent behavioral improvements reported by teachers and observers as well as parents, with
evidence of clinically significant improvement in ADHD symptoms for up to 2 years. Few other behavioral interventions have
been evaluated, although data from a large psychosocial, multimodal intervention are forthcoming. There is evidence to support
the benefit of immediate-release stimulant medication for up to 1 year; however, effects do not seem to be as large, and some
of the side effects may be greater than for school-age children. With regard to nonstimulants such as atomoxetine, there are
literally no controlled outcome data for children with ADHD who are younger than 5 years of age. Overall, a great deal remains
to be learned about the safety and efficacy of pharmacotherapy in this age group. Fortunately, results of several large intervention
studies will be available soon to better inform clinical practice. 相似文献
14.
This article reviews recent research that examines service use for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder among Latino children.
Using MEDLINE, PsycInfo, and PubMed, literature searches were conducted for research published between January 2008 and April
2010 that specifically focused on Latino children or included a sufficient sample of Latino children and examined racial/ethnic
differences between groups. Eight studies regarding general service use, treatment with medication, and parenting interventions
were identified and are reviewed herein. Results of these studies highlight important factors associated with the continued
mental health service use disparities among Latino children, such as parental attitudes toward service use. Results also provide
much-needed data with regard to adapting and engaging Latino parents into parenting interventions. Suggestions for clinical
practice and future research are discussed. 相似文献
15.
Nancy B. Palmer Kathleen M. Myers Ann Vander Stoep Carolyn A. McCarty John R. Geyer Amy DeSalvo 《Current psychiatry reports》2010,12(5):409-417
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders diagnosed in children and
adolescents (youth). ADHD is equally distributed geographically, but services are not. Access to expert evaluation and treatment
remains limited for youth with ADHD living in rural areas, as well as for ethnic and racial minority youth. Telepsychiatry
is a service delivery model with the potential to reach these youth and to develop collaborative models of care among local
primary care physicians, remote telepsychiatrists, and local families. Care delivered through telepsychiatry can readily adhere
to the practice parameters of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. Work to date indicates that ADHD is
the most common disorder treated through telepsychiatry. This article reviews the status of child and adolescent telepsychiatry,
with particular focus on its potential to improve the care and outcomes of underserved populations of youth diagnosed with
ADHD. 相似文献
16.
This study examined teachers’ acceptability of evidence-based and promising treatments for children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD). Teachers (N = 156) from 11 elementary schools read a vignette describing a boy with symptoms typical of combined type ADHD. Using the
Intervention Rating Profile-10, teachers rated the acceptability of three promising treatments (peer tutoring, self-reinforcement,
and social skills) and three evidence-based treatments, both psychosocial (daily report card and time-out) and pharmacological
(stimulant medication). Teacher factors, including teacher self-efficacy, were evaluated as predictors of treatment acceptability.
The daily report card (DRC) received the highest mean acceptability rating among the treatments, and was rated significantly
higher than 4 of 5 other treatments; the DRC was not rated significantly higher than the self-reinforcement strategy. Years
of experience was predictive of acceptability in that more experienced teachers rated time-out as more acceptable than peer
tutoring. Results replicate previous findings and uniquely indicate that promising treatments are considered as acceptable,
and in some cases, more acceptable than evidence-based treatments for children with ADHD. 相似文献
17.
18.
19.
Chung-Ju Huang Ching-Wen Huang Chiao-Ling Hung Yu-Jung Tsai Yu-Kai Chang Chien-Ting Wu Tsung-Min Hung 《Child psychiatry and human development》2018,49(6):993-1002
This two stage study examined the effects of acute exercise on resting electroencephalographic (EEG) patterns of children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The first stage compared the neural oscillatory patterns of children with and without ADHD. Resting EEGs were recorded under an open-eyes condition from 24 boys with ADHD and 28 matched controls. The second stage of the study employed a randomized cross-over trial design. The 24 boys with ADHD engaged in a 30-min intervention that consisted of either running on a treadmill or watching a video on alternative days, with resting EEGs recorded before and after treatment. The first stage found that children with ADHD exhibited significantly higher theta/beta ratios over the midline electrodes sites than controls. The second stage further indicated that children with ADHD displayed smaller theta/beta ratios following the exercise condition compared with the video-watching condition. This finding suggests that acute exercise normalizes arousal and alertness of children with ADHD, as reflected in resting EEG readings. 相似文献
20.
Franca E. Dupuy BSc PGradDipPsyc Adam R. Clarke Robert J. Barry 《Journal of neurotherapy》2013,17(1):49-67
Although Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (AD/HD) affects millions of females worldwide, our understanding of AD/HD continues to be based heavily on male-dominated research. Significant sex differences reported in the presentation and diagnosis of AD/HD can no longer be ignored; females with AD/HD are different from males with the disorder. Electroencephalography (EEG) is a valuable tool for measuring electro-cortical activity and has been found useful in AD/HD research. Preliminary studies have shown that females with AD/HD have EEG abnormalities different from those found in males with AD/HD. This article reviews the current literature on EEG activity of females with AD/HD and concludes that the lack of comprehensive research draws attention to the necessity for sex-specific EEG research within AD/HD populations. 相似文献