PROGRESS IN THE TREATMENT OF NERVE-ROOT-TYPE CERVICAL SPONDYLOSIS WITH CHINESE HERBAL DRUGS

With the highest morbidity rate, cervicalspondylosis of the nerve root type is mostcommon among various other types. It is fromthis type of cervical spondylosis that peoplebegan to know the disease. In recent years,conservative treatment for this type of cervicalspondylosis has been adopted by modernmedicine for most patients, while surgicaltreatment has also been used for a smallnumber of patients who were conservatively     

Effect of valsartan-eluting stents on the expression of angiotensin Ⅱ type 2 receptor

Percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI） with drug-eluting stent implantation has been provedefficient to reduce complications and restenosis in type B2/C lesions compared with bare stent, since the major drawback of the latter technique is intimal hyperplasia from the vessel media, which significantly cause in-stent restonosis. Despite the beneficial effects on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone （RAAS） system, the role of angiotensin-converting enzyme （ACE） inhibitors after PCI is still unclear. However, first results of angiotensin receptor antagonist （valsartan） after stent implantation in the VaI-PREST1 and VALVACE2 trials have indicated the systemic pharmacological effect in the prevention of in-stent-restenosis. Up to our knowledge, whether local treatment of valsartan by implanting drug-eluting stent can generally prevent restenosis by inhibiting intimal hyperplasia has not been explored.     

Influence of berberine on protein tyrosine kinase of erythrocyte insulin receptors from type 2 diabetes mellitus

Objective： Bererine has been used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus in Chinese traditional medicine because of its hypoglycemic effect. In this report, we compared the intrinsic tyrosine kinase activities of erythrocyte insulin receptors from type 2 diabetes mellitus with or without stimulation by berberine in vitro. Methods- Preparations containing insulin receptors were obtained from soluble human erythrocytes, and the insulin receptors were partially purified by affinity chromatography. The tyrosine kinase activity was measured by the exogenous substrate phosphorylation. Results： Both the membrane tyrosine kinase activity and the purified receptor tyrosine kinase activity from diabetics decreased significantly compared with those of normal individuals （reduced by 67.4% and 47.2%, respectively）. After incubation with berbefine, there is a statistical difference in the activity of membrane tyrosine kinase for diabetic patients （ a 150% increase）. Berefine had no effect on the tyrosine kinase activity of purified insulin receptors. Conclusion： We concluded from these results that berbefine was able to improve the insulin sensitivity by increasing the protein tyrosine kinase activity of membrane-bound insulin receptors from type 2 diabetes mellitus.     

Laparoscopic approach of Castleman’s disease in the pararenal retroperitoneum: report of two cases

Castleman＇s disease （CD） is a benign lymphoid neoplasm characterized by massive proliferation of the lymphoid tissue due to an uncertain cause. Two clinical types （localized, multicentric） have been described with three histological variants （hyaline-vascular, plasma cell and mixed type）. The expected localization is mediastinum and rarely pararenal retroperitoneum. We reported two cases of CD in the pararenal retroperitoneum, one was complicated with autoimmune hemolytic anemia.     

A novel Rad gene polymorphism combined with obesity increases risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus

The ras-associated diabetes (Rad) was initially identified by subtraction cloning from the skeletal muscle of humans with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (type 2 DM). Rad mRNA expression is markedly increased in the skeletal muscle of type 2 DM patients compared with normal controls. Since the last decade, it has been suggested that Rad overexpression may be involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 DM and insulin resistance.     

Auricular-Plaster Therapy for Treatment of IBS

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), a disease of the digestive system related to mental factors, is clinically characterized by diarrhea (or alternation of diarrhea and constipation) and abdominal pain. In recent years, the authors have used auricular-plaster therapy plus pressing on the back-shu points to treat IBS, and obtained good therapeutic results.     

A New Type of Selective Shunt for the Treatment of Portal Hypertension:Distal Splenocaval Direct Anastomosis A New Type of Selective Shunt for the Treatment of PortalHypertension:Distal Splenocaval Direct Anastomosis(Original artical on page 278)Fig.1Ven

Ten cases of portal hypertension due to liver cir-rhosis were treated with a new procedure of selective distalsplenocaval shunt in the period from January,1984 to October,1985.The liver function was grade Ⅰ in 6 cases,grade Ⅱ in 2,and grade Ⅲ in the other 2.The operative procedure consisted ofa direct end to side anastomosis between the distal part of thesplenic vein and the infeiror vena cava.There was no operativemortality.After the completion of the anastomosis,the portalpressure was reduced by 4.4 cm H_2O on average.All the patientshave been followed up for 3 to 24 months,and they are all doingvery well and have resumed fully or partially their original job.Neither rebleeding nor hepatic encephalopathy occurred postopera-tively.The patency of the anastomosis was demonstrated byultrasonography and angiography.The spleen markedly shrinkedin size and became softened in consistency.Our method is a new type of selective shunt.No report of sucha type of shunt has ever been published in the literature.It isrecommended that this operation be used in the treatment of portalhypertension since it is effective.     

The Current State of Pancreas-kidney Transplantation in China： The Indications, Surgical Techniques and Outcome

It is currently estimated that 50 million Chinese have diabetic mellitus （DM） with more than 90% of these being afflicted with type 2 DM. Concomitantly, the socio-economic improvements in China are supporting the adoption of pancreas-kidney transplantations as a treatment option for these patients. Recipient candidate pool has yet to be expanded and the final effect to be improved in clinical practice. To date, more than 250 pancreas-kidney transplants have been performed on patients with type 1 and type 2 DM. To improve the outcome, a new surgical technique that involves anastomosis of the graft duodenum to recipient jejunum side-to-side but not Roux-en-Y, has been devised for enteric drainage. Furthermore, the systemic venous drainage （SVD） has been used as the method of choice for endocrine secretions. Graft and recipient long-term survival in China was similar to that in America and Europe. Three-year survival rate of pancreas and kidney grafts was 92.2% and 90.2%, respectively, in our center. No difference in survival and graft function between type 1 and type 2 DM recipients was noted. It is concluded that pancreas-kidney transplantation is an effective way for the treatment of type 1 DM and some type 2 DM complicated with uremia.     

A case of Klinefelter’s syndrome with type 1 diabetes mellitus

Klinefelter’s syndrome (KS) is the most common sex chromosome disease in men. Classical features of the syndrome include a eunuchoidal body habitus, small testes and hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism. There has been an increased risk of diabetes mellitus and autoimmune disease for KS patients. This paper reports a case of KS in association with type 1 diabetes mellitus. The patient was a 21-year-old man, who has been confirmed by absolute insulin deficiency and positive IA-2 autoantibody. The hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp test indicated his insulin sensitivity in normal range, and his blood glucose was controlled well by the insulin therapy.

     

Morphogenetic Action of Neurotransmitters on Regenerating Planarians—A Review

Planarians can be used as invertebrate bioassays to evaluate the role of neurotransmitters on regenerating cells.The influence of the nervous system is crucial to regenerate a normal complete animal.The neurotrophic action of the nervous system has been attributed to the major neurohormones present throughout the animal kingdom.The same type of transmitters found in mammals have been extensively found in many invertebrates,including planarians,but their tole in regeneration is unclear.Neurotransmitters and drugs which act on neurohumoral transmission have been used to determine the role of each neurohormone on regenerating planarians.Biochemical and pharmacological mechanisms of neurohormones on regenerative planarians are reviewed,as is their putative role on regeneration.Correlation with the roles of neurotransmitters in the central nervous system of higher organisms are also addressed.     

Current Status of Integral Medical Study on Endometriosis

Endometriosis (EM), an estrogen dependent disease that comes from the planting of endometri-al gland and stroma outside the uterine cavity, is characterized by invasiveness, wide planting and liability to relapse. It has been proved by recent studies that the pathogenesis of EM has its genetic background and is closely related with neuro-, en-docrino- and immuno-factors. There has been great progress in the treatment of EM, but the clinical effect is not yet satisfactory. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has definitely played its role in EM treatment. In this article, the current status of integral medical study on EM is reviewed.     

Treatment of Irritable Bowel Syndrome by Oral Administration of Chinese Medicines and Retention-Enema——A Report of 50 Cases

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS),a commondisease of intestinal dysfunction,is also calledemotional enteritis,mucous enteritis,irritable colonand so on.It is often lingering with a long diseasecourse and is easy to recur.The author has in recentyears treated 50 cases of the disease by oraladministration of Chinese medicines and retention-enema,with satisfactory results reported as follows.General DataAll the patients under observation came fromthe outpatient department of my hospital.Routine     

Effect of Shugan Jianpi Granule(舒肝健脾颗粒) on Gut Mucosal Serotonin-positive Cells in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome of Stagnated Gan-qi Attacking Pi Syndrome Type

Objective:To evaluate the effect of Shugan Jianpi Granule (舒肝健脾颗粒,SJG) on the number of gut mucosal serotonin-positive cells (5-HT+C) in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) of stagnated Gan-qi attacking Pi (SGAP) syndrome type.Methods:Twenty-four patients were randomized equally into three groups.All were treated with the basic conventional treatment by cognition-behavior therapy with assistance of lactein 3 tablets thrice a day.Additionally,24 g of SJG was given three times a day to group A,and the same dosage of SJG and Smecta 15 g thrice a day was given to group B,while no additional treatment was given to the control group.The number of 5-HT+C was measured respectively before and two weeks after treatment by immunohistochemical method.Results:The number of 5-HT+C decreased after treatment in all the three groups (P＜0.05),but the decrement was more significant in the two test groups than in the control group (P＜0.05 and P＜0.01,respectively),while comparison of 5-HI+C between the two test groups showed insignificant difference (P＞0.05).Conclusion:SJG can reduce the number of 5-HT+C in IBS patients of SGAP syndrome type,and its effect is enhanced when used in combination with Smecta.     

Recent advances in the study of the pathogenesis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).

Hunan Province is one of the high incidence areas of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in China and ranks the fourth after Guangdong, Guangxi and Fujian. Consequently, the pathogenesis of NPC has been the focus of our study for many years. Induction of experimental NPC by chemical carcinogens began from 1972. Later, NPC in rats was successfully induced by nitroso compounds, especially N, N'-dinitroso-piperazine (DNPZ) which possesses relative organospecificity and is able to induce squamous cell carcinoma of nasopharynx in rats even by subcutaneous injection. NPC induced in rats is slightly different from the NPC of human due to species difference: it often developed as well-dif-     

Treatment of rotatory subluxation of the scaphoid by scapho-trapezoid limited arthrodesis

Objective To introduce a new procedure for treatment of rotatory subluxation of the scaphoid. Methods Eighteen patients with rotatory subluxation of the scaphoid were divided into five types according to clinical manifestation and cause: type Ⅰ (predynamic) 1 case,type Ⅱ (dynamic) 2 cases, type Ⅲ (static) 7 cases, type Ⅳ (degenerative) 3 cases, type Ⅴ( secondary) 5 cases. All cases underwent scapho-trapezio-trapezoid limited wrist arthrodesis. Results The follow-up ranged from 6 months to 3 years. The results showed that the all rotatory subluxatiopn of scaphoid in the study had been corrected with satisfactory fusion and painless wrist. The average grip strength was 90% of the normal wrist, and the average range of motion was 62% of the opposite side. Conclusion Scapho-trapezio-trapezoid limited arthrodesis is a reliable and useful procedure for treatment of chronic andChina Medical Abstracts(Surgery) static rotatory subluxation of the scaphoid. 15 refs,2 figs.     

Antenatal Diagnosis and Outcome of 12 Congenital Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation of Lung

Objective To investigate the ultrasonic detection probability, type, prenatal diagnosis, and outcome of congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation of lung (CCAM). Methods In this retrospective study, all 12 cases which were diagnosed with suspected prenatal CCAM over the period in the hospital were analyzed. Information on diagnosis time, types and progression of the lesions during pregnancy, the additional abnormalities, and the outcome of pregnancies were recorded. Results The positive rate of ultrasonic detection of CCAM was about 1.01‰ (1/11 124) before 28 gestation weeks. There were 1 case of type I (8%), 2 cases of type II (17%) and 9 cases of type III (75%). Nine pregnancies were terminated and 2 cases were confirmed by pathology. Three neonates were alive and without any symptom now. Conclusions Type III is the major type. Ultrasound examination during 20-28 weeks and following up, prenatal consultation, chromosome examination of fetus, delivery with a pediatrician standing by, and all suspected neonates being investigated are recommended.     

Controversies and limitations in irritable bowel syndrome studies

Irritable bowel syndrome （IBS） is a common gastrointestinal disorder characterized by recurrent abdominal pain or discomfort associated with altered bowel movements. It affects 8%-22% of the population in Western countries and the prevalence of IBS prevalence is 5%-10% in most Asian communities^14 Akhough IBS is not a life-threatening disease,[第一段]     

N-terminal 5-mer Peptide Analog P165 of Amyloid Precursor Protein Exert Antioxidant,Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Apoptotic Effects on UVB-Irradiated HaCaT Cells

<正>Skin is the first line of defense against a wide variety of physical and chemical damages.Photodamage of the skin can have an effect on beauty, while it is correlated with various skin diseases. Accordingly, effective prevention of skin photodamage has constantly been a research hotspot in the field of skin.The precursor protein of amyloid β-protein (APP)refers to a type of transmembrane protein that has been widely found in numerous types of cells.