新发传染病概况

新发传染病(emerging／new infectious diseases，EID)给人类健康造成了极大危害，应该予以高度关注。本文从新发传染病概况、机制及控制措施等方面分别作了综述。     

新发传染病的文献计量学分析

以CBMdisc和PubMed为数据源,统计国内外公开发表的新发传染病研究文献并进行文献计量学分析,从而从文献量的角度客观反映国内外新发传染病的研究情况。     

International Conference on Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2010

The seventh International Conference on Emerging Infectious Diseases (ICEID) was held in Atlanta, Georgia, USA, July 11-14, 2010. The conference goal was to bring together public health professionals to encourage exchange of scientific and public health information on global emerging infectious disease issues. The conference was organized by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), American Society for Microbiology, the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists, the Association of Public Health Laboratories, and the World Health Organization; additional support was provided by 40 other multidisciplinary public health partners.     

新发传染病控制与卫生检疫法律体系完善

SARS(非典型性肺炎)、人禽流感、人感染猪链球菌病等近年来新出现传染病的发生和蔓延,严重威胁着我国的公共卫生安全.本文从分析新发传染病的流行特点出发,找出现行的卫生检疫法律体系在新发传染病控制方面的不足之处,提出卫生检疫法律体系在新发传染病控制方面需要进一步完善的几个方面.     

全球新出现的主要传染病及其流行特点

新出现的传染病新出现的传染病 (EmergingInfectiousDiseases)是指由新种或新型病原微生物引起的传染病 ,该传染病导致地区性的或国际性的公共卫生问题[1 ] 。人口增长、国际贸易和旅游业迅速发展、食物供应全球化、生态环境变化、生物入侵、抗生素的广泛使用、微生物变异等等因素促进了新传染病的出现和暴发流行 ,医学进步和现代分子生物学技术的发展与应用大大增强了人类发现和确定新传染病的能力。2 0世纪 60年代后期以来 ,新出现 43种传染病 ,它们的病原体包括 2 6种病毒、 9种细菌、 7种寄生虫和 1种衣原体[2 -1 3 ] 。1 马尔堡出血…     

Intersecting Paths of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) shares common clinicopathologic features with other severe pulmonary illnesses. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome was diagnosed in 2 patients in Arizona, USA, suspected of dying from infection with SARS-CoV-2. Differential diagnoses and possible co-infections should be considered for cases of respiratory distress during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.     

我国新发传染病的文献计量分析

目的从文献计量学角度了解国内新发传染病的研究情况。方法以CBMdisc为数据源,利用文献计量学方法,对国内公开发表的新发传染病研究文献进行分析。结果我国新发传染病文献8057篇,以艾滋病文献最多,2002-2003年文献出现剧增。结论新发传染病国内研究的热点为艾滋病、丙型病毒性肝炎等。     

Revisiting Emerging Infectious Diseases: The Unfinished Agenda

Infectious diseases present a formidable threat to the world today. Not only are new infectious diseases emerging, but those presumed to be contained or eradicated are re-emerging. Developing nations, with the least resources to respond, bear the greatest burden of this threat. However, with the potential to spread rapidly and ubiquitously, infectious diseases present a significant risk to the health and development of all nations. No country or population is immune, and geographic and political barriers offer little protection. Many factors facilitate the spread of infectious diseases, including globalization of travel and trade, weakening of national and international public health infrastructure, deterioration of socioeconomic conditions, and heightened political and civil strife in some developing nations. These conditions render populations more vulnerable to infections and provide an environment conducive to the transmission of infectious diseases. Compounding these risk factors is the emergence of another threat: antimicrobial resistance. Antimicrobial drugs are rapidly losing their effectiveness because of their misuse. As a result, the global health community is confronted with the daunting task of combating more offenders with fewer defenses.     

突发急性传染病的门诊防控策略初探

门诊有着人流量大、人员密集度高、人员接触环节多等特征,是突发急性传染病疫情防控的一个重点、难点场所。结合四川大学华西医院门诊新冠肺炎的防控举措,探讨突发急性传染病疫情期间门诊前移"防控"、门诊现场防控、门诊防控难点及延伸的策略。     

绍兴市正在出现的传染病风险评估

目的研究正在出现的传染病输入绍兴市或流行的风险，为政府制定预防控制措施与策略提供科学依据。方法选择21种传染病作为研究样本，设计专家测评表，邀请41位专家对人选的21种传染病进行风险评估，把专家评估的结果采用层次分析法进行分析。结果专家评估、层次分析法能有效评估上述传染病输入绍兴市或流行的风险。根据综合评分，风险处于前十位的分别为，艾滋病3．206分，霍乱3．103分，传染性非典型肺炎2．804分，急性血吸虫病2．784分，疟疾2．777分，军团病2．743分，人禽流感2．734分，登革热2．702分，0157：H7出血性肠炎2．593分，鼠疫2．553分。结论研究的21种正在出现的传染病都有输入绍兴市或流行的可能，面对绍兴市未曾出现过的传染病输入，目前的现状是适应性低，需要策略改进。