重组人粒细胞巨噬细胞刺激因子栓在大鼠和Beagle犬中的免疫原性

目的在大鼠和Beagle犬阴道给予重组人粒细胞巨噬细胞刺激因子(recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor,rhGM-CSF)栓3个月的长期毒性试验中,检测给药后动物血清中是否产生抗rhGM-CSF抗体和抗体的中和活性。方法 SD雌性大鼠设rhGM-CSF栓0(赋形剂对照组)、0.24、0.96和3.84 mg/kg 4个组;Beagle雌性Beagle犬设0(赋形剂对照组)、0.07、0.28和1.12 mg/kg 4个组。每天给药1次,连续3个月,恢复期1个月。间接ELISA法检测动物血清中抗rhGM-CSF的结合抗体,TF-1细胞/MTT比色法检测抗体的中和活性。结果①大鼠从给药1个月起至恢复期结束,3个剂量组动物血清中均能检测到抗rhGM-CSF的抗体;低剂量和中剂量2组间动物血清的抗体滴度差异无统计学意义,但与高剂量组相比低剂量组和中剂量组差异有统计学意义。体外测活法显示,各剂量组在给药1个月后有部分动物产生中和抗体;给药3个月或恢复期1个月时全部受检动物均产生中和抗体。②Beagle犬的各剂量组动物血清中均未检测到抗rhGM-CSF的抗体。结论 rhGM-CSF栓经阴道局部连续给予3个月的长期毒性试验中,啮齿类动物大鼠血清中各剂量组均产生抗rhGM-CSF的抗体,且抗体可中和GM-CSF的生物活性;而非啮齿类动物Beagle犬血清中则未检测到抗rhGM-CSF抗体。rhGM-CSF栓对大鼠具有免疫原性。     

比格犬注射重组腺病毒Ad-HGF后血清中抗腺病毒抗体及中和抗体的检测

目的:观察Beagle犬重复给予Ad-HGF后血清中抗腺病毒抗体及抗肝细胞生长因子(hepatocyte growth factor,HGF)抗体的出现时间及消失规律. 方法:将24只比格犬随机分为四组:正常对照组、手术对照组、Ad-HGF小剂量组(2.4×107 pfu/ kg)和Ad-HGF大剂量组(2.4×108 pfu/ kg). Ad-HGF各组犬给予不同剂量Ad-HGF共14次. 在给药2次后分别利用病毒中和反应和ELISA 方法检测血清中抗腺病毒抗体和抗HGF抗体. 结果:手术组、正常对照组及实验组动物于给药前及给药3次时血清细胞均未出现明显中和反应. 给药4次后各剂量组动物血清均对腺病毒有不同程度中和作用,至停药后12 wk抗体水平很低或已不存在. 各时间点血清样品中未检测到抗HGF抗体. 结论:犬肌注Ad-HGF 4次后动物血清中检测到了抗腺病毒抗体,停药4 wk后抗体水平有不同程度下降,直至12 wk后血清中腺病毒抗体基本消失.     

静脉注射三乙醇胺对Beagle犬的病理性损伤作用

目的 观察静脉注射三乙醇胺后Beagle犬的组织病理学改变及其可逆性。方法 Beagle犬12只,分为对照组和150 mg/kg剂量组,连续给药30 d和恢复4周后,分别进行大体解剖和组织病理学检查。结果 连续给药30 d,Beagle犬出现肝细胞变性、坏死,及肝窦扩张,网状纤维蛋白样物质沉积;肾脏髓质和皮髓交界处肾小管上皮细胞变性;脾脏、淋巴结和肠黏膜相关淋巴组织内淋巴滤泡数量增多,生发中心增大,脾小体帽区局灶性坏死,其中雌性动物肝脏、脾脏病变程度较雄性严重。经过4周恢复,肝脏、脾脏、肾脏、淋巴结、肠黏膜相关淋巴组织病变恢复不明显。结论 静脉注射一定剂量的三乙醇胺,可能对肝脏、肾脏、脾脏、淋巴结以及肠黏膜相关淋巴组织有一定的损伤作用。     

血清对Ⅱ型脊髓灰质炎病毒感染性滴度检测结果的影响

目的 比较6种不同血清对Ⅱ型脊髓灰质炎病毒感染性滴度（CCID₅₀）检测结果的影响。方法 分别采用6种未处理血清和6种预处理血清组（免疫吸附法）进行Ⅱ型脊髓灰质炎病毒感染性滴度检测（微细胞病变法）,检测了不同组血清中Ⅱ型脊髓灰质炎病毒中和抗体滴度,并使用处理血清组进行促细胞生长试验。最后分析不同血清对感染性滴度的影响。结果 6种未处理血清组病毒感染性滴度检测结果差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）,6种处理血清组病毒感染性滴度差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。未处理组2号血清的中和抗体滴度为1：4,6号血清的中和抗体滴度为1：8,其余各组血清的中和抗体滴度均<1：4。6种处理血清组的中和抗体滴度均为1：2。血清促细胞生长试验显示6种处理组血清细胞生长趋势正常。结论 Ⅱ型脊髓灰质炎病毒感染性滴度检测前使用免疫吸附对血清进行预处理,可降低血清中存在的中和抗体对检测的影响,为比较不同实验室数据提供可能。     

静脉注射三乙醇胺对Beagle犬的病理性损伤作用

目的 观察静脉注射三乙醇胺后Beagle犬的组织病理学改变及其可逆性。方法 Beagle犬12只，分为对照组和150 mg/kg剂量组，连续给药30 d和恢复4周后，分别进行大体解剖和组织病理学检查。结果 连续给药30 d，Beagle犬出现肝细胞变性、坏死，及肝窦扩张，网状纤维蛋白样物质沉积；肾脏髓质和皮髓交界处肾小管上皮细胞变性；脾脏、淋巴结和肠黏膜相关淋巴组织内淋巴滤泡数量增多，生发中心增大，脾小体帽区局灶性坏死，其中雌性动物肝脏、脾脏病变程度较雄性严重。经过4周恢复，肝脏、脾脏、肾脏、淋巴结、肠黏膜相关淋巴组织病变恢复不明显。结论 静脉注射一定剂量的三乙醇胺，可能对肝脏、肾脏、脾脏、淋巴结以及肠黏膜相关淋巴组织有一定的损伤作用。     

抗肿瘤多肽HM-3的中和抗体活性研究

本研究检测抗肿瘤多肽HM-3在SD大鼠和食蟹猴长期毒性实验血清中中和抗体的产生及抗体活性的强弱。将SD大鼠与食蟹猴分别分成4.5,13.5,40.5 mg/kg和3,9,27 mg/kg 3个剂量组,均每日静脉注射HM-3多肽1 次,均连续给药6个月。每月取血清用ELISA法测定滴度,并用细胞迁移法测定抗体中和活性。长期给药过程中,中高剂量组的SD大鼠能产生抗体,其中少数检测到中和抗体的活性（P<0.05）,而食蟹猴中能产生抗体的数量较少,且其中只有个别食蟹猴的血清中能检测到中和抗体的产生（P<0.05）。且抗体滴度与中和抗体活性不呈正相关。由此,本研究认为HM-3的抗原性较低,长期高剂量给药后极个别会产生一些低亲和力的中和抗体。     

RP-HPLC法测定左卡尼汀片中左卡尼汀杂质A

目的 探讨聚乙二醇（PEG）化葛根素对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤（MIRI）的保护作用。方法 将SD大鼠随机分为6组（每组10只）： 假手术组,MIRI模型组,葛根素注射剂（20 mg/kg）对照组,PEG化葛根素低、中、高剂量（244、488、976 mg/kg）组。阻断大鼠升主动脉造成心肌缺血30 min,再灌注120 min,造成大鼠MIRI模型,在结扎后5 min各给药组尾iv给药。心电图监测心律失常情况,再灌注结束后腹主动脉采血,测定血清肌酸激酶（CK）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）和丙二醛（MDA）水平,并测量心肌梗死面积。结果 葛根素注射剂和PEG化葛根素均具有抗心律失常,降低血清中CK、LDH、AST和MDA水平的作用,减少心肌梗死面积;其中PEG化葛根素中、高剂量组的药效明显强于葛根素注射剂组。结论 PEG化葛根素对大鼠MIRI引起的损伤具有保护作用。     

聚乙二醇化葛根素对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的 探讨聚乙二醇（PEG）化葛根素对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤（MIRI）的保护作用。方法 将SD大鼠随机分为6组（每组10只）： 假手术组,MIRI模型组,葛根素注射剂（20 mg/kg）对照组,PEG化葛根素低、中、高剂量（244、488、976 mg/kg）组。阻断大鼠升主动脉造成心肌缺血30 min,再灌注120 min,造成大鼠MIRI模型,在结扎后5 min各给药组尾iv给药。心电图监测心律失常情况,再灌注结束后腹主动脉采血,测定血清肌酸激酶（CK）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）和丙二醛（MDA）水平,并测量心肌梗死面积。结果 葛根素注射剂和PEG化葛根素均具有抗心律失常,降低血清中CK、LDH、AST和MDA水平的作用,减少心肌梗死面积;其中PEG化葛根素中、高剂量组的药效明显强于葛根素注射剂组。结论 PEG化葛根素对大鼠MIRI引起的损伤具有保护作用。     

脑心清片大鼠长期毒性实验研究

目的 确定脑心清片在大鼠体内毒性的潜在靶器官和未观察到毒性反应剂量。方法 大鼠每天分别ig给予脑心清片低、中、高剂量（生药35、70、140 g/kg）1次,每周6次,连续给药180 d,停药恢复30 d。给药期间和恢复期间观察各组大鼠一般状况,每周测定大鼠体质量及进食量,给药期结束和恢复期结束检测大鼠各项血液学指标和血清生化学指标,并对大鼠脏器进行系统观察和组织病理学检查。结果 脑心清片高剂量组雄性大鼠的进食量在给药期间有一过性轻微减少;脑心清片中、高剂量组大鼠血清总胆红素（TBIL）与对照组相比有轻微降低;其他各项观察及检测指标均未发生与药物相关的异常改变。结论 脑心清片对大鼠ig给药的基本安全剂量为35 g/kg。     

杜仲多糖抗肝纤维化作用的实验研究

目的 研究杜仲多糖对CCl₄致肝纤维化大鼠的保护作用,并探讨其作用机制。方法 采用大鼠首次背部sc纯CCl₄ 5 mL/kg,以后sc 40% CCl₄花生油3 mL/kg,共8周,制备大鼠肝纤维化模型。杜仲多糖ig给药8周,测定大鼠肝脏及脾脏指数,检测大鼠血清中丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)的活性及总蛋白（TP）、白蛋白(ALB)水平,计算ALB与球蛋白（GLOB）的比值（A/G）;检测血清中透明质酸（HA）、层粘连蛋白（LN）、III型前胶原（PCIII）、IV型胶原（IV-C）水平;检测肝脏组织中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的活性、羟脯氨酸（Hyp）、丙二醛（MDA）和谷胱甘肽过氧化酶（GSH-Px）的水平;并检测肝脏中转化生长因子β1（TGF-β1）的表达。结果 杜仲多糖能明显对抗CCl₄所致的肝纤维化大鼠肝脏、脾脏指数的升高(P＜0.01）;显著抑制血清中ALT、AST活性的升高（P＜0.01）,降低血清中HA、LN、PCIII、IV-C、GLOB的量（P＜0.01）,升高血清中的TP、ALB的量和A/G的值（P＜0.01）;降低肝组织中MDA的水平和Hyp的量（P＜0.01）,亦能升高肝组织中SOD的活性和GSH-Px的水平（P＜0.01）,明显降低肝组织中TGF-β1的表达。杜仲多糖高剂量组抗肝纤维化的效果最好,并呈现明显的剂量依赖性。结论 杜仲多糖具有显著的抗肝纤维化作用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.     

Possible Spread of adenovirus type 3 from poultry to humans ：indirect evidence from an outbreak in China

Objective:To explore the epidemiology and etiology for an outbreak of acute respiratory tract infection that occurred in one county of Jiangsu Province, China 2004. Methods: Only cases meeting the case definition were included in the study. We reviewed the medical records of the cases who were admitted to the local hospitals, interviewed cases by a standard questionnaire, and then described the epidemiotogic features and analyzed risk factors by means of a case-control study. We collected pharyngeal swab specimens and sent them to different laboratories for isolation and culture. The laboratory used different detection methods such as DIP, PCR, electron microscope examination and microneutralization assay, to identify and then type the positive specimens. Results:A total of 871 cases were reported during the period from April 18 to July 4,2004. The distribution of onset times presented two peaks, one in late May and another in middle June. The epidemic occurred mainly in the elementary and junior high schools in ten townships of one county, and the mean age of the cases was 12 years (range 7 months to 18 years). The course of the disease was acute, and was characterized by fever accompanied with sore throat and tonsillitis. The WBC count of cases was normal or elevated. The mean duration of illness was 5 days (range 2 to 12 days). No fatalities from illness were reported. A case-control study indicated that the possible risk factors were close contact with a case and/or poultry before onset and sharing of towels among members of the family. The typical CPE was observed through inoculating pharyngeal swab specimens into the HEP-2 cell cultures in different laboratories. An infection of adenovirus type 3 was verified by detecting positive specimens in different methods. Conclusion:This investigation demonstrated that the acute respiratory infection in cases was caused by adenovirus type 3. Cases occurred in over 70 schools in ten townships in 2004, and the route of transmission was possibly close contact with cases or droplet transmission.