Ameliorative effects of dietary caloric restriction on oxidative stress and inflammation in the brain of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

BACKGROUND: There is a strong association between oxidative stress and inflammation in the pathologies of diabetes. Recent evidence suggests that these phenomena could impair brain function. We investigated the potential role of dietary caloric restriction in ameliorating the effects of both oxidative stress and inflammation in the brain of streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic rats. METHODS: Forty male Wistar rats were subjected to 30% caloric restriction (20 animals) and ad libitum feeding (20 animals) for 9 weeks before the induction of diabetes in 20 animals (10 from each group) by intraperitoneal injection of 35 mg/kg body weight streptozotocin. RESULTS: Caloric restriction was able to significantly (p>0.05) reduce triglyceride, ROS, IL6, TNF-alpha and body weights in diabetic rats. However, no significant differences were obtained in the antioxidant enzyme (SOD, CAT and GPx) activities except in GPx where caloric restriction increased the levels in both non-diabetic and diabetic rats. CONCLUSION: Caloric restriction was found to ameliorate the oxidative and inflammatory effects of diabetes in the brain. Non-diabetic rats feeding ad libitum were found to have increased levels of oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers and these could, in part, be due to their increased body weights.     

Photo-irradiated curcumin supplementation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats: effect on lipid peroxidation

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common endocrine disorders. A large number of studies are in progress to identify natural substances that are effective in reducing the severity of diabetes. Although a number of drugs are currently marketed, their long-term use can cause a number of adverse effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the present study, we examined the effect of photo-irradiated curcumin on experimental diabetes in order to evaluate the antihyperglycaemic effects of this compound on streptozotocin (40 mg/kg bodyweight)-induced diabetes. Photo-irradiated curcumin was given at a dose of 10, 30 and 80 mg/kg bodyweight. The level of blood glucose was elevated in the diabetic animals. The liver, kidney and brain were assayed for the degree of lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione content and the activity of enzymic and levels of non-enzymic antioxidants. RESULTS: Antioxidant status decreased in the diabetic animals. Oral administration of photo-irradiated curcumin for 45 days resulted in a significant decrease in the levels of blood glucose, together with near normalisation of enzymic activity and the markers of lipid peroxidation. The best results were obtained in rats treated with 30 mg/kg bodyweight of photo-irradiated curcumin.     

Antioxidant parameters and lipid peroxidation in salivary glands of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

BACKGROUND: There is evidence suggesting an unbalance between oxidant and antioxidant status associated with diabetes. Considering that salivary function is essential for the maintenance of oral and systemic health, this study was designed to examine the levels of reduced and oxidized glutathione and the activities of the antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase, in salivary gland of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. METHODS: The content of malondialdehyde was determined in the blood and in the salivary glands. The antioxidant status was investigated in the submandibular and parotid salivary glands. RESULTS: Diabetic rats showed an increase in the content of malonaldehyde in the blood and in the submandibular salivary gland, but not in the parotid gland. Both forms, reduced and oxidized glutathione content present higher values in the diabetic submandibular gland compared with controls. No difference in the activity of superoxide dismutase between the diabetic and control glands was observed in either gland. Catalase showed higher specific activity in the parotid gland of the diabetic rats than control; however, in the submandibular gland, only when expressed as unit per gland was it higher than control. The specific activity of glutathione peroxidase was higher in the diabetic parotid gland than control; however, in the submandibular gland, its activity per gland was lower than controls. CONCLUSION: The streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats caused different results comparing the submandibular and parotid salivary glands.     

Analgesic effects of dietary caloric restriction in adult mice

Nociception was studied in male mice, mostly of the C57BL/6 strain, during continuous or prolonged restriction of caloric intake (60% of ad-libitum) from midlife to senescence (up to 105 weeks). Restricted mice showed fewer licking or biting responses 20-60 min after hind paw injection of 5% formalin at 46 and 70 weeks, but not at 93 weeks. Also, they showed longer response latencies around 46 weeks of age in the 52 degrees C hot-plate test, which partial tail amputation failed to affect, although it did produce at least 2 weeks of chronic neuropathic hypersensitivity in ad libitum controls. Injection of collagen subcutaneously at 36-42 weeks led to chronic hyperalgesia in the DBA/1 but not the C57BL/6 strain, measured weekly by the barely nociceptive 50 degrees C hot-plate test to minimize damage. This collagen-induced arthritic hyperalgesia was then gradually and reversibly blocked during 9-15 weeks of caloric restriction starting at 53-58 weeks. In longitudinal trials on normal mice, performed every 2-4 weeks between 42 and 105 weeks with the 50 degrees C hot-plate, caloric restriction led to altered latencies (higher relative to controls) only in the last 10-20 weeks, perhaps because it delayed the onset of age-related peripheral neuropathies. In conclusion, long-term caloric restriction leads to significant hypoalgesia in pre-senescent mice subjected to above-threshold pain of widely different durations, the effect disappearing at later ages unless spontaneous neuropathies become influential. A reduction in cumulative food intake thus appears to generate antinociceptive signals in adult male mice, perhaps serving specifically to promote riskier behavior during prolonged food shortages.     

Modification of renal oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats treated with extracts from Gongronema latifolium leaves

BACKGROUND: Gongronema latifolium is a tropical plant traditionally used in controlling weight gain in lactating women, as well as diabetic and overall health management. In this experiment, the aqueous and ethanolic extracts were tested to evaluate their effect on renal oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in non-diabetic and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. METHODS: Diabetes was induced in male Wistar rats by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of streptozotocin (STZ) (65 mg/kg). The rats were divided into non-diabetic (18) and STZ-induced diabetic (18) rats, and both groups subdivided according to their treatments: aqueous extract (100 mg/kg), ethanolic extract (100 mg/kg) and control (saline solution). Aqueous and ethanolic extracts were administered by gavage in 12-h cycles over a 14-day period. RESULTS: The results indicated that the ethanolic extract significantly normalized catalase (CAT) activity (p<0.01), increased glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity (p<0.05), and reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentrations (p<0.001). It also nonsignificantly normalized superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, increased GSH/GSSG ratio and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations in the diabetic kidney. The aqueous extract had no effect on the superoxide dismutase activity in the diabetic animals and caused a nonsignificant increase in catalase activity. CONCLUSIONS: The ethanolic extract appeared to be more effective in reducing oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and increasing the GSH/GSSG ratio, thus confirming the ethnopharmacological use of G. latifolium in ameliorating the oxidative stress found in diabetics and indicating promise of possible use in lessening morbidity in affected individuals.     

Antioxidant status and hepatic lipid peroxidation in chloramphenicol-treated rats

The present study reports the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant status and hepatic microsomal lipid peroxidation in chloramphenicol treated rats. Chloramphenicol at a dose of 28 mg/kg body weight orally administered to rats increased the activity of cytosolic superoxide dismutase by 63% while the activities of glutathione peroxidase and catalase were decreased by 57% and 44%, respectively. In vitro, chloramphenicol altered the activities of these enzymes though not as pronounced as the effect of the drug on the enzymes in vivo. The levels of serum vitamins A, C and beta-carotene were significantly decreased following chloramphenicol treatment. Microsomal lipid peroxidation was markedly and significantly increased by chloramphenicol treatment. The drug elicited 69% and 71% increases in the levels of malondialdehyde and lipid hydroperoxide respectively. Glutathione level and glutathione S-transferase activity were decreased by 42% and 58%, respectively, compared to untreated controls. Overall, the results of the present investigation indicate alteration of enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant status and induction of lipid peroxidation by chloramphenicol. The clinical implications in the detoxification of toxic metabolites of lipid peroxidation caused by chloramphenicol warrant co-administration with antioxidant vitamins in chloramphenicol treatment regimen.     

Alternation of hepatic antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid profile in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by supplementation of dandelion water extract

BACKGROUND: Dandelion water extract (DWE), an herbal medication, may have an effect on the activity and mRNA expression of hepatic antioxidant enzymes and lipid profile in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into nondiabetic (control), diabetic, and diabetic-DWE-supplemented groups. Diabetes was induced by injecting streptozotocin (55 mg/kg BW, i.p.) in a citrate buffer. The extract was supplemented in 2.4 g of a DWE/kg diet. RESULTS: The DWE supplement significantly decreased the serum glucose concentration in the diabetic rats. The hepatic superoxide dismutase and catalase activities significantly increased and the GSH-Px activity decreased in the diabetic rats, compared with the control group. When the DWE supplement was given to the diabetic rats, the antioxidant enzyme activity reverted to near-control values. However, there was no difference in the mRNA expression concentrations of these enzymes between the groups. With regard to the hepatic lipid peroxidation product, the malondialdehyde (MDA) content was significantly higher in the diabetic group than in the nondiabetic group. However, the DWE supplement lowered the hepatic MDA concentration in the diabetic-induced rats. The DWE supplement also lowered the total cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations in the serum and hepatic tissue, while increasing the serum HDL-cholesterol in the diabetic rats. CONCLUSIONS: A DWE supplement can improve the lipid metabolism and is beneficial in preventing diabetic complications from lipid peroxidation and free radicals in diabetic rats.     

早期限饲对肉鸡脂质过氧化和抗氧化酶活性长期影响

目的：观察早期限饲（出雏后两周隔天饲喂）对肉鸡脂质过氧化作用和抗氧化酶活性产生的长期影响，并通过与后期限饲（屠宰前两周隔天饲喂）比较，观察不同阶段限饲对肉鸡血清、肝脏、胸肌、腓肠肌丙二醛浓度、超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性的影响。方法：实验主要于2005—04／12在南京农业大学农业部动物生理生化重点开放实验室完成。实验分组：选取1日龄健康快三黄商品肉鸡100羽随机分为2组，对照组60羽，早期限饲组40羽。饲养至50日龄，从对照组随机选取20羽作为后期限饲组。实验处理：①早期限饲组，1-14日龄进行隔日限饲，以后自由采食。②后期限饲组，1～49日龄自由采食，50～63日龄进行隔日限饲。③对照组，全程自由采食。实验评估：记录每周体质量，检测14日龄对照组、早期限饲组，63日龄对照组、早期限饲组和后期限饲组血清、肝脏、胸肌、腓肠肌丙二醛浓度、超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性。结果：100羽实验动物均进入结果分析。①14日龄早期限饲组肉鸡血清、肝脏、胸肌和腓肠肌丙二醛浓度、超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性与对照组相比差异无显著性。②63日龄时早期限饲组血清丙二醛浓度和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性均显著高于对照组（P〈0．05），肝脏超氧化物歧化酶活性显著低于对照组（P〈0．05）；后期限饲组血清丙二醛浓度以及超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性均显著高于对照组（P〈0．05），而肝脏丙二醛浓度、胸肌超氧化物歧化酶活性显著低于对照组（P〈0．05），腓肠肌各项指标与对照组相比差异无显著性。后期限饲组血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性显著高于早期限饲组（P〈0．05）。后期限饲组肝脏丙二醛浓度显著低于早期限饲组，超氧化物歧化酶活性显著高于早期限饲组（P〈0．05）。结论：早期及后期限饲均能增强63日龄肉鸡体内整体水平脂质过氧化作用和抗氧化酶活性，早期限饲对肉鸡脂质过氧化作用和血清抗氧化酶活性的即时影响表现不明显，但其影响可以持续到后期。     

Chemopreventive efficacy of pronyl-lysine on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in rat colon carcinogenesis

Colon cancer is a serious health problem in most of the countries and is the leading cause of cancer mortality throughout the world. The major objective of this study was to examine the chemopreventive effect of dietary pronyl-lysine (2 mg/kg body weight), a bread crust antioxidant, on intestinal and colonic tissue lipid peroxidation (LPO) and antioxidant status in rat colon carcinogenesis. Male Wistar rats were divided into seven groups and were fed a modified pellet diet for 34 weeks. Rats were given a weekly subcutaneous injection of 1,2-dimethyl hydrazine (DMH) (20 mg/kg body weight) for the first 15 weeks. Pronyl-lysine was supplemented to rats during the pre-initiation, initiation, post-initiation and also throughout the study period. All the rats were sacrificed at the end of 34 weeks and their colons were evaluated histologically. The activity of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and antioxidant status in the tissues such as the intestines, colon and cecum were estimated. Our results showed diminished levels of colonic, and cecal LPO products such as conjugated dienes, lipid hydroperoxides and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, and also reduced activities of the antioxidants superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione dependent enzymes (glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione reductase) in DMH-treated rats, while on supplementing dietary pronyl-lysine the levels of LPO products and antioxidants were significantly reversed ( P  < 0.05). Thus, our results strongly suggest that the administration of pronyl-lysine throughout the study period (group 7) and the post-initiation (group 6) stages of colon carcinogenesis significantly inhibits colon cancer incidence and prevents DMH induced histopathological lesions.     

Tissue lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in patients with adenocarcinoma of the breast

BACKGROUND: The results obtained for serum cystatin C, which has been proposed as a novel marker of glomerular filtration rate (GFR), in kidney and liver transplant are still very limited. In our study, the relationship between serum cystatin C and creatinine in kidney and liver transplant patients was investigated. METHODS: Serum cystatin C and creatinine concentrations were determined in 182 samples from 52 kidney transplant patients and 71 samples from 28 liver transplant patients at 1-9870 days post-transplantation time. Eighty-seven serum samples from 66 patients with different types of chronic kidney disease were also analysed. RESULTS: The serum creatinine (r=-0.517, p<0.001) and cystatin C (r=-0.409, p<0.001) concentrations were negatively correlated with the post-transplantation time in the kidney transplant patients. In the liver transplant patients, the correlation between these variables is not statistically significant. The creatinine/cystatin C ratio in the liver transplant group is significantly lower than in the other group of patients (p<0.001). This ratio in the kidney transplant patients groups is significantly lower than in the kidney disease group (p<0.001). In the kidney transplant patients the creatinine/cystatin C ratio and the post-transplantation time were negatively correlated (r=-0.523, p<0.001); however, in the liver transplant patients the correlation between these variables was not significant. CONCLUSIONS: In the groups of kidney disease and kidney transplant patients, as renal function decreases, there is an increase in the creatinine/cystatin C ratio. This may be due to the fact that, since creatinine is eliminated by glomerular filtration and tubular secretion, as renal function is impaired, its serum concentration increases to a greater extent than that of cystatin C, which is only eliminated by glomerular filtration. In the liver transplant patients, the creatinine/cystatin C ratio is lower than in the other groups. This may be due to better preserved renal function, lower muscular mass and a reduced rate of creatine formation and creatinine production in some of these patients. The serum cystatin C would be a better GFR marker than the widely used creatinine in liver transplant patients.     

Ipomoea batatas and Agarics blazei ameliorate diabetic disorders with therapeutic antioxidant potential in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Ipomoea batatas, Agaricus blazei and Smallanthus sonchifolius are known to favorably influence diabetes mellitus. To clarify their antidiabetic efficacy and hypoglycemic mechanisms, we treated streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats with daily oral feeding of powdered Ipomoea batatas (5 g kg⁻¹ d⁻¹), Agaricus blazei (1 g kg⁻¹ d⁻¹) or Smallanthus sonchifolius (4 g kg⁻¹ d⁻¹) for 2 months. Treatments with Ipomoea batatas or Agaricus blazei, but not Smallanthus sonchifolius, significantly suppressed the increases of fasting plasma glucose and hemoglobin A1c levels, and restored body weight loss during diabetes. Serum insulin levels after oral glucose administration tests increased along the treatments of Ipomoea batatas or Agaricus blazei. Moreover, Ipomoea batatas and Agaricus blazei reduced superoxide production from leukocytes and vascular homogenates, serum 8-oxo-2''-deoxyguanosine, and vascular nitrotyrosine formation of diabetic rats to comparable levels of normal control animals. Stress- and inflammation-related p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activity and tumor necrosis factor-α production of diabetic rats were significantly depressed by Ipomoea batatas administration. Histological examination also exhibited improvement of pancreatic β-cells mass after treatments with Ipomoea batatas or Agaricus blazei. These results suggest that hypoglycemic effects of Ipomoea batatas or Agaricus blazei result from their suppression of oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokine production followed by improvement of pancreatic β-cells mass.     

Effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in diabetic rat heart

OBJECTIVES: The risk for cardiovascular disease is significantly high in diabetes mellitus. Experimental evidence suggests that oxidative stress plays a dominant role in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), an active component of propolis, has several biological and pharmacological properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic, antiviral, and immunomodulatory activities. In light of the antioxidant ability of CAPE, the effects of CAPE on the antioxidative status of cardiac tissue were investigated in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. DESIGN AND METHODS: Twenty-six rats were randomly divided into three groups: group I, control, nondiabetic rats (n = 9); group II, STZ-induced, untreated diabetic rats (n = 7); and group III, STZ-induced, CAPE-treated diabetic rats (n = 10). In groups II and III, diabetes developed 3 days after intraperitoneal (ip) administration of a single 35 mg kg(-1) dose of STZ. Thereafter, while the rats in group II received no treatment, the rats in group III began to receive a 10 mumol kg(-1) ip dose of CAPE per day. After 8 weeks, the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in the cardiac tissues of all groups were analyzed. RESULTS: In untreated diabetic rats, MDA markedly increased in the cardiac tissue compared with the control rats (P < 0.05). However, MDA levels were reduced to the control level by CAPE. The activities of SOD and CAT in the untreated diabetic group and the CAPE-treated diabetic group were higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05). Rats in the CAPE-treated diabetic group had reduced activities of SOD and CAT in comparison with the rats in the untreated diabetic group (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the activity of GSH-Px between the rats in the untreated diabetic group and the control group. However, the activity of GSH-Px was increased in CAPE-treated diabetic rats compared with the control and untreated diabetic rats (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: These results reveal that diabetes mellitus increases oxidative stress in cardiac tissue and CAPE has an ameliorating effect on the oxidative stress via its antioxidant property.     

Circulating lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in cervical cancer patients: a case-control study

Objectives: The present case-control study was conducted to investigate the status of circulating lipid peroxidation and the enzymic and nonenzymic antioxidants of cervical cancer patients.

Design and methods: Plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), conjugated dienes (CD) and the levels of antioxidants such as reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), vitamin C and vitamin E were estimated in circulation of thirty patients and an equal number of age matched normal subjects as control.

Results: Significantly elevated levels of plasma TBARS and CD and significantly lowered levels of GSH, GPx, GST, SOD vitamin C and vitamin E were observed in cervical cancer patients as compared to controls. Our study reveals increased lipid peroxidation and possible breakdown of antioxidant status in patients with cervical carcinoma.

Conclusion: These results indicate that low levels of GSH, GPx, GST, SOD, vitamin E and vitamin C in the circulation of cervical cancer patients may be due to their increased utilization to scavenge lipid peroxides as well as their sequestration by tumor cells. Malnutrition may also be a significant cause for the increased prevalence of cervical cancer in women with a low socioeconomic status.     

Lowering effects of onion intake on oxidative stress biomarkers in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

The protective effect of onion against oxidative stress in streptozotosin-induced diabetic rats was investigated in comparison with that of quercetin aglycone. We measured oxidative stress biomarkers involving the susceptibility of the plasma against copper ion-induced lipid peroxidation, which was estimated by the amounts of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) and cholesteryl ester hydroperoxides, and urine TBARS and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine contents. After the 12-week feeding period, plasma glucose levels and these biomarkers increased in diabetic rats compared to normal rats. In diabetic rats fed a 6.0% onion diet (quercetin equivalent: 0.023%), quercetin metabolites accumulated in the plasma at concentrations of approximately 35 microM. Onion intake decreased plasma glucose levels and lowered the oxidative stress biomarkers. On the other hand, quercetin metabolites in the plasma of rats fed a diet with 0.023% quercetin aglycone were found at lower concentrations (14.2 microM) than the rats fed the onion diet. Furthermore, oxidative stress biomarkers were higher in the quercetin diet group compared to the onion diet group. These results strongly suggest that onion intake suppresses diabetes-induced oxidative stress more effectively than the intake of the same amount of quercetin aglycone alone.     

银杏达莫注射液对糖尿病大鼠唾液腺组织脂质过氧化作用的影响

目的研究银杏达莫注射液对实验性2型糖尿病大鼠腮腺和颌下腺组织脂质过氧化作用。方法 Wistar大鼠喂以高糖高脂饲料加链脲佐菌素(STZ)建立2型糖尿病大鼠模型。将Wistar大鼠随机分为健康对照组、糖尿病模型组、银杏达莫注射液组。8周后摘取大鼠腮腺及颌下腺组织,应用比色法测定两种组织中丙二醛(MDA)含量,总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活力及总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)。结果在腮腺中,糖尿病组MDA较对照组降低(P<0.05),治疗组与糖尿病组差异无统计学意义;T-SOD活力各组间差异无统计学意义;T-AOC能力糖尿病组比对照组升高,治疗组比糖尿病组T-AOC能力升高。在颌下腺中,糖尿病组MDA较对照组升高(P<0.05),治疗后MDA水平没有改变;T-SOD活力各组间差异无统计学意义;治疗组T-AOC能力与糖尿病组差异无统计学意义。结论实验性2型糖尿病大鼠,在腮腺和颌下腺引起不同的脂质过氧化反应;银杏达莫注射液可提高腮腺的抗氧化能力,而颌下腺则无明显变化。     

卡巴胆碱对脓毒症大鼠内脏组织缺血引起脂质过氧化损伤的作用研究

目的 探讨卡巴胆碱(CAR)对脓毒症大鼠脏器组织灌流和脂质过氧化损伤的影响.方法 雄性SD大鼠64只,采用盲肠结扎穿孔术(CLP)制备大鼠脓毒症模型.随机分为CAR处理组和CLP组,每组32只,术后即刻两组分别静脉注射CAR 10 μg/kg或等量生理盐水.每组16只用于观察12 h和24 h死亡率;其余16只于CLP后18 h测定平均动脉压(MAP)和肝、肾、空肠组织血流量;取血测定血浆丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)和肌酐(Cr)水平;后处死动物,测定空肠组织二胺氧化酶(DAO)活性及肝、肾、空肠组织黄嘌呤氧化酶(XOD)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量和组织含水量.结果 CAR组12 h和24 h死亡率分别为25.0%(4/16)和50.0%(8/16),显著低于CLP组[37.5%(6/16),75.0%(12/16),P均<0.05].CLP后18 h,两组MAP差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);CAR组肝、肾、空肠组织血流量均明显大于CLP组(P均<0.05),肾和空肠组织XOD活性、MDA含量及组织含水量显著低于CLP组(P均<0.05);脏器功能指标[ALT;(64.3±8.3)U/L,Cr:(96.4±7.0)μmol/L,DAO;(0.20±0.04)U/L]的改善程度也均显著优于CLP组EALT:(81.5±7.9)U/L,Cr:(117.1±6.7)μmol/L,DAO;(0.12±0.03)U/L,P均<0.053.结论 CAR能改善脓毒症大鼠内脏灌流、抑制氧自由基生成,减轻组织水肿和脏器功能损害.     

正铁血红素改善链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病大鼠肝损伤

目的 探讨血红素加氧酶1(HO-1)诱导剂正铁血红素和抑制剂锌原卟啉对糖尿病大鼠肝功能的影响及相关机制.方法 以链脲佐菌素腹腔注射诱导糖尿病SD大鼠模型,大鼠分为对照组、糖尿病组、正铁血红素组和锌原卟啉组.应用试剂盒检测各组大鼠血清游离脂肪酸(FFA)、丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)活性,肝组织匀浆总抗氧化能力(TAOC)和丙二醛(MDA);逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)法检测肝脏组织白细胞介素1(IL-1)和肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)mRNA表达水平.结果 与对照组比较,糖尿病组大鼠血清AST、ALT、肝组织MDA、IL-1、TNF-α mRNA水平均明显增高(P＜0.01或＜0.05),分别是(91.59±12.38) U/L vs (50.19±12.65)U/L、(45.64±9.68) U/L vs (15.55±7.79) U/L,(0.81±0.22) nmol/mg vs (0.50±0.08) nmol/mg、12.32±3.51vs 7.02±1.99、22.24±4.48 vs 10.54±2.36;TAOC下降(P＜0.05);与糖尿病组大鼠比较,正铁血红素组大鼠ALT、TNF-α表达水平明显下降,TAOC增高(P＜0.05或＜0.01);锌原卟啉组大鼠较糖尿病组大鼠FFA、ALT、AST、MDA均有明显上升(P＜0.05或＜0.01),而TAOC下降(P＜0.05).结论 HO-1诱导剂正铁血红素可改善糖尿病大鼠肝损伤,而其抑制剂则加重肝脏损伤.     

糖尿病大鼠肾脏抗氧化酶变化与灯盏花素的干预效应

目的:在链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病大鼠模型上,探讨灯盏花素对糖尿病大鼠肾脏氧化应激反应的影响。方法:实验于2004-04/2005-04在武汉大学医学院实验中心完成。健康Wistar大鼠30只,随机分为正常组、糖尿病对照组和灯盏花素治疗组,糖尿病对照组和灯盏花素治疗组采用一次性尾静脉注射链脲佐菌素60mg/kg,正常组则用等量柠檬酸缓冲液尾静脉注射,72h后,尾静脉采血测血糖≥16.7mmol/L,确定造模均成功。灯盏花素治疗组灯盏花素20mg/(kg·d)灌胃给药;正常组、糖尿病对照组给予等量生理盐水灌胃。实验期间自由进水、进食,不使用胰岛素及其他降糖药物。12周后,测定各组空腹血糖、血总胆固醇、三酰甘油、尿素氮、肌酐、糖化血红蛋白水平,免疫比浊法测尿蛋白排泄量,运用比色法测定肾脏皮质丙二醛含量、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性。结果:①糖尿病对照组肾脏超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性显著低于正常组眼(128.17±9.33),(58.67±4.67),(106.5±13.0)μkat/g;(215.83±49.50),(98.17±7.50),(178.0±17.0)μkat/g,P<0.05演。②灯盏花素治疗组肾脏超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性显著高于糖尿病对照组眼(170.83±26.33),(77.83±6.50),(139.5±15.0)μkat/g;(128.17±9.33),(58.67±4.67),(106.5±13.0)μkat/g,P<0.05演。③糖尿病对照组肾脏丙二醛含量显著高于正常组,而灯盏花素治疗组肾脏丙二醛含量显著低于糖尿病对照组眼(13.57±3.89),(3.62±0.18)μmol/g;(6.87±1.96),(13.57±3.89)μmol/g,P<0.05演。结论:灯盏花素可通过保护肾脏抗氧化酶,抑制氧化应激反应,对糖尿病大鼠肾脏产生保护作用。     

糖尿病大鼠肾脏抗氧化酶变化与灯盏花素的干预效应

目的：在链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病大鼠模型上，探讨灯盏花素对糖尿病大鼠肾脏氧化应激反应的影响。方法：实验于2004-04／2005-04在武汉大学医学院实验中心完成。健康Wistar大鼠30只，随机分为正常组、糖尿病对照组和灯盏花素治疗组，糖尿病对照组和灯盏花素治疗组采用一次性尾静脉注射链脲佐菌素60mg／kg，正常组则用等量柠檬酸缓冲液尾静脉注射，72h后，尾静脉采血测血糖≥16．7mmol／L，确定造模均成功。灯盏花素治疗组灯盏花素20mg／（kg&;#183;d）灌胃给药；正常组、糖尿病对照组给予等量生理盐水灌胃。实验期间自由进水、进食，不使用胰岛素及其他降糖药物。12周后，测定各组空腹血糖、血总胆固醇、三酰甘油、尿素氮、肌酐、糖化血红蛋白水平，免疫比浊法测尿蛋白排泄量，运用比色法测定肾脏皮质丙二醛含量、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性。结果：①糖尿病对照组肾脏超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性显著低于正常组[（128．17&;#177;9．33），（58．67&;#177;4．67），（106．5&;#177;13．0）μkat／g；（215．83&;#177;49．50），（98．17&;#177;7．50），（178．0&;#177;17．0）μkat／g，P〈0．05]。②灯盏花素治疗组肾脏超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性显著高于糖尿病对照组[（170．83&;#177;26．33），（77．83&;#177;6．50），（139．5&;#177;15．0）μkat／g；（128．17&;#177;9．33），（58．67&;#177;4．67），（106．5&;#177;13．0）μkat／g，P〈0．05]。③糖尿病对照组肾脏丙二醛含量显著高于正常组，而灯盏花素治疗组肾脏丙二醛含量显著低于糖尿病对照组[（13．57&;#177;3.89），（3．62&;#177;0．18）μmol／g；（6．87&;#177;1．96），（13．57&;#177;3．89）μmol／g，P〈0．05]。结论：灯盏花素可通过保护肾脏抗氧化酶，抑制氧化应激反应，对糖尿病大鼠肾脏产生保护作用。