Isolation and characterization of 12 polymorphic microsatellite loci in Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilus L.)

The Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis L.) is a very important freshwater species in the Eurasian Continent. We characterized 12 microsatellite markers in this species and evaluated their usefulness for identifying genetic variation in 40 perch individuals from the Ulungur and Taitun-4 Lakes in the Xinjiang province of China. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 7, the observed (H _O) and expected (H _E) heterozygosities were 0.053–1.000 and 0.053–0.813, respectively. These microsatellite loci will be useful for assessment of genetic variation in Perca fluviatilus.     

Isolation and characterization of novel microsatellite loci in Vaccinium arctostaphylos L

For the first time, this study has described the characterization of 25 novel polymorphic microsatellite loci from a repeat-enriched genomic library of V. arctostaphylos using a modified FIASCO method. Polymorphism of each locus was assessed in 64 individuals of the Vaccinium. The average allele number of the microsatellites, observed (H_O) and expected (H_E) heterozygosities were 5.88, 0.85 and 0.67 per locus, respectively. The polymorphic information content (PIC) value and inbreeding coefficient (F) ranged from 0.26 to 0.87 and ?0.72 to 0.03, respectively. Ten of the twenty-five loci showed significant departures from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. These microsatellite loci could be useful to study genetic diversity and population structure of V.arctostaphylos.     

Isolation and characterization of 20 microsatellite loci for the saltmarsh plant Triglochin maritima L.

Twenty microsatellite markers were developed for the polyploid plant Triglochin maritima L., an important component of declining saltmarsh ecosystems that are now subject to much restoration effort. All loci were polymorphic when tested across 24 individuals from three populations. The average number of alleles per population was 6, ranging from 2 to 12. Private alleles were identified in each population, demonstrating the utility of these markers for the investigation of the population genetic structure and diversity of this species.     

Isolation and characterization of nuclear microsatellite loci for the short-range endemic Asperula crassifolia L. (Rubiaceae)

Conservation Genetics Resources - Asperula crassifolia L. (Rubiaceae) is a narrowly endemic species whose distribution is limited to southern Italy. Data concerning relative abundance, or related...     

Isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci in Jinshaia sinensis

In this study, we isolated and characterized thirteen polymorphic microsatellite markers for Jinshaia sinensis, a fish species endemic to the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in China. Each locus was screened in a population of 48 individuals. Number of alleles per locus ranged between five and nineteen. Observed heterozygosity ranged between 0.121 and 0.854, and expected heterozygosity between 0.722 and 0.928. No significant linkage disequilibrium was found between pairs of loci. However, three loci showed significant departures from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and four loci had evidence of null alleles. These markers presented here will be valuable tools to understand the genetic structure of J. sinensis populations in the Yangtze River.     

Isolation and characterization of twenty-three polymorphic microsatellite loci for Linckia laevigata

Twenty-three polymorphic microsatellite loci were developed for the tropical sea star, Linckia laevigata. Microsatellite enriched genomic libraries were constructed and subsequently sequenced using Roche 454 technology. The 23 loci were characterized in 21 individuals from Pulau Derawan, Indonesia. Observed levels of heterozygosity ranged from 0.20 to 1.00 with a mean of 8.0 alleles per locus. No pairs of loci showed evidence of significant linkage disequilibrium and 4 loci significantly deviated from Hardy–Weinberg expectations.     

Isolation and characterization of fourteen polymorphic microsatellite loci for Odontobutis sinensis

Odontobutis sinensis is an indigenous freshwater fish in China. The wild population size of this species has declined sharply in inland waters in recent years. For the purpose of the conservation of natural resources of O. sinensis, 14 polymorphic microsatellite loci were isolated and characterized in 30 individuals collected from Liangzi Lake in Hubei Province. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 14 with an average of 5.07. The expected and observed heterozygosities ranged from 0.291 to 0.887 and from 0.067 to 0.700, respectively. These newly isolated loci are currently being used for population genetic diversity analysis and will be valuable for the conservation of O. sinensis.     

Isolation and characterization of polymorphic microsatellite loci primers for Cupressus funebris (Cupressaceae)

Cupressus funebris Endl. (Cupressaceae) is an endemic conifer species in central and eastern China. In order to investigate the genetic diversity within and between populations and design the effective conservation strategies, we aimed to develop microsatellite markers for this species in the present study. We isolated and characterized 12 novel polymorphic microsatellite loci for this species through the combined biotin capture method. Polymorphism of each locus was further assessed through 62 individuals from three geographically distant populations. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 5 to 12. The observed and expected heterozygosity per locus ranged from 0.115 to 0.396, and 0.204 to 0.542, respectively. One locus (Cf07) showed significant deviation from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium and no Linkage disequilibrium was detected after Bonferroni corrections. These microsatellite markers will be useful for population genetics studies of this conifer species.     

Isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci in the tropical forage legume Stylosanthes guianensis (Aubl.) Sw.

Stylosanthes guianensis is an important tropical pasture legume. Knowledge of genetic diversity and structure of S. guianensis populations is of great importance for the conservation and germplasm management of this species. Thus, 20 microsatellite markers were developed from a S. guianensis enriched library. The microsatellites were characterized in 20 accessions from the germplasm collection of the Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa). The average number of alleles per locus varied from 2 to 7, with an average of 4 alleles per locus. The observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0 to 0.60 and 0.10 to 0.85, respectively. This new set of microsatellites will contribute towards studies of genetic diversity and conservation of S. guianensis.     

Isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci in Pulsatilla patens (L.) Mill. (Ranunculaceae) a rare and endangered plant species in Europe

Pulsatilla patens is a rare and endangered plant species in many areas of Europe and protected under the Bern Convention and it is listed in Annex II and Annex IV to the Habitats Directive. In this study we developed 12 novel microsatellite loci using via 454 sequencing. We determined 11,220 contigs with a length of 156–11,384 bp. Within this dataset, we identified 319 SSR motifs in 301 contigs. All markers were genotyped on 56 individuals from three populations located in Poland. The number of alleles and expected heterozygosity were 2–12 (mean 3.7) and 0.142–0.820 (0.541 on average) respectively. The markers described in this study will be useful for evaluating genetic diversity of P. patens populations, could be applied to investigate the biological aspects and to develop effective conservation programs for the European populations of this species.     

Isolation and characterization of polymorphic microsatellite loci from the invasive plant Lantana camara L.

Lantana camara is a highly invasive plant that has established itself in at least 60 different countries across the world. Here, we report development of ten microsatellite markers for this species. These microsatellite loci have 2?C15 alleles per locus; with observed and expected heterozygosity of 0.022?C0.833 and 0.336?C0.848, respectively. These markers will be useful in addressing a variety of questions about Lantana camara, including those concerning breeding system, pollination and dispersal, genetic variation and population structure.     

Isolation and characterization of polymorphic microsatellite loci from Silurus Lanzhouensis

Silurus Lanzhouensis is an endangered freshwater fish endemic to Ningxia, Gansu and Shaanxi province of China. Here we describe a first set of 12 polymorphic Silurus Lanzhouensis microsatellite loci. The observed numbers of alleles ranged from 2 to 7. The expected and observed heterozygosities ranged from 0.3279 to 0.8438 and from 0.4021 to 0.8410, respectively. These microsatellite markers are useful for population and conservation genetic studies in S. Lanzhouensis.     

Isolation and characterization of 26 microsatellite loci for the frog Feirana quadranus

Twenty-six microsatellite markers were developed for the stream-dwelling frog Feirana quadranus to investigate its population genetic structure across central China. All loci were polymorphic when tested on 29 individuals from one population. After excluding loci with significant Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium deviation and evidence of null alleles, the average number of alleles over seventeen loci was 12.0 ± 0.9 (SE), while the mean observed and expected heterzygosities were 0.85 ± 0.01 and 0.83 ± 0.02, respectively.     

Isolation and characterization of 14 microsatellite loci for Chinese catfish Silurus asotus

Silurus asotus is a high commercially valuable aquaculture fish in some regions of China. In this survey, the first set of 14 polymorphic microsatellite loci for S. asotus was developed and characterized. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 9 to 15 and the observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.593 to 0.931 and from 0.833 to 0.926, respectively. Four loci were found deviated from HWE in the sampled population after Bonferroni correction. These microsatellite loci will be useful for revealing population structure, and conservation genetics of S. asotus.     

Isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci in blesbok (Damaliscus pygargus phillipsi)

Eight microsatellite markers were developed via pyrosequencing for the blesbok (Damaliscus pygargus phillipsi). These microsatellite loci and microsatellite loci from two cross species markers displayed two to four alleles with an expected heterozygosity range between 0.2899 and 0.6268 and an observed heterozygosity between 0.2083 and 0.6667. The high level of polymorphisms observed in the microsatellite markers indicates that they can be used to strongly improve our knowledge of the genetic structure and relatedness of these animals.     

Isolation and characterization of 11 microsatellite loci in Schizothorax wangchiachii (Fang)

72 microsatellite loci were isolated from a (GATA)₈ enriched genomic library of Schizothorax wangchiachii (Fang), an endemic fish species in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. A population of 32 wild captured individuals of this species was tested by these 72 primer pairs developed, 11 pairs of which exhibited polymorphic. The number of observed alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 7. Observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.344 to 0.875 and from 0.289 to 0.875, respectively. No significant linkage disequilibrium was detected among the loci. One loci showed significant deviation from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium and none was detected in linkage equilibrium. These microsatellite loci described for S. wangchiachii will be useful for future study on population structure, breeding, and conservation studies.     

Isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci from blue-footed boobies (Sula nebouxii)

Blue-footed boobies (Sula nebouxii) are socially monogamous, colonial seabirds exhibiting intra-specific nest parasitism and extra-pair copulations. Prior DNA fingerprinting assays failed to detect extra-pair offspring in the nests of congeners, and the rate of intra-specific nest parasitism has not been estimated using molecular techniques. We describe the development and characterization of 11 microsatellite DNA loci, tested using 31 individuals collected on Isla Isabel, Nayarit, México. The number of alleles per locus ranged from three to 22, averaging seven; total exclusionary power of the microsatellite panel was 0.99; no loci deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium; and we did not detect linkage disequilibrium following Bonferroni correction. This microsatellite panel will facilitate future studies of nest parasitism and extra-pair paternity in blue-footed boobies.     

Isolation and characterization of twelve microsatellite loci for the Japanese Devilray (Mobula japanica)

Twelve polymorphic microsatellites loci were characterized for Mobula japanica (Japanese Devilray) using an enrichment protocol. All but two loci were in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium with no evidence of linkage disequilibrium or null-alleles for a sample of 40 individuals from two populations. The number of alleles varied from 5 to 28. Expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.2332 to 0.9589, making these microsatellite loci good candidates for population genetic studies.     

Isolation and characterization of polymorphic microsatellite markers for genetic analysis of chub mackerel (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Scomber japonicus</Emphasis>)

Chub mackerel, Scomber japonicus, is a species of major importance to fisheries, particularly in eastern Asia. To aid in the sustainable management of this fisheries resource, we isolated eight novel microsatellite loci from the fish and examined their polymorphisms to estimate genetic variability. Genetic variability differed at each locus. The number of alleles ranged from 5 to 14, and observed and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.43 to 1.00 and 0.50 to 0.86, respectively. One locus showed significant Hardy–Weinberg disequilibrium. No linkage disequilibrium was found. The high variability revealed in this study suggests that these microsatellite markers could prove to be a useful tool for further conservation genetics studies.